For the efficient electrolytic extraction of Er from spent nuclear fuel,a series of electrochemical methods was used to research the electrochemical behavior of Er(Ⅲ)in the LiCl—KCl system on inert(Mo)electrode and ...For the efficient electrolytic extraction of Er from spent nuclear fuel,a series of electrochemical methods was used to research the electrochemical behavior of Er(Ⅲ)in the LiCl—KCl system on inert(Mo)electrode and on reactive(Ni)electrodes.On the inert Mo electrode,the reduction of Er(Ⅲ)to Er(0)is a onestep with three-electron and quasi-reversible reaction process.Meanwhile,the apparent generation Gibbs free energy and activity coefficients of Er(Ⅲ)on the inert electrode were determined.Thereafter,the electrochemical reduction of Er(Ⅲ)on the Ni electrode was emphatically investigated.Er(Ⅲ)is reduced at a corrected potential owing to the formation of Ni-Er alloys.In addition,thermodynamic parameters such as partial excess Gibbs free energy change of Er in Ni,activity and apparent generation Gibbs free energy of the Ni-Er alloys were determined by the electromotive force method.Finally,different Ni-Er alloys were produced using potentiostatic electrolysis on the Ni cathode by controlling different potentials,Moreover,electrolytic extraction was carried out on the Ni cathode at the potential of-2.0 V,and the separation efficiency of Er reaches 99.72%,which proves the practicability of separating Er from LiCl-KCl eutectic on the reactive Ni cathode.展开更多
The synchronous enhancement mechanism of the mechanical properties and degradation rate of as-extruded Mg−xEr−1.6Ni alloys(x=17,12,and 9.5,wt.%)was investigated by controlling Er content.Results indicate that,as the E...The synchronous enhancement mechanism of the mechanical properties and degradation rate of as-extruded Mg−xEr−1.6Ni alloys(x=17,12,and 9.5,wt.%)was investigated by controlling Er content.Results indicate that,as the Er content decreases,the overall content and the distribution of secondary phases did not change evidently,while the type of the secondary phases changed from single long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase to coexistence of the LPSO phase andγ'phase.Notably,the tensile yield strength(TYS)and degradation rate of the Mg alloy with a lower Er content(i.e.,Mg−9.5Er−1.6Ni alloy)are increased by 22.3%and 51.5%respectively compared to those of the Mg alloy with a higher Er content(i.e.,Mg−17Er−1.6Ni).The enhancement of mechanical properties of the Mg alloy with a lower Er content is attributed to the formation ofγ'phase,which can refine the grain size by inhibiting dynamic recrystallization,leading to enhanced TYS by secondary phase and grain boundary strengthening.Meanwhile,finer grains and theγ'phase also provide more corrosion sites and inhibit the formation of corrosion-resistant Er_(2)O_(3)film,thereby accelerating the corrosion of Mg alloy.展开更多
The cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were used to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of Er(Ⅲ) and Ni(Ⅱ) in LiClO 4 DMSO(dimethylsufoxide) system on Pt and Cu electrodes. Experimental results indica...The cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were used to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of Er(Ⅲ) and Ni(Ⅱ) in LiClO 4 DMSO(dimethylsufoxide) system on Pt and Cu electrodes. Experimental results indicated that the reduction of Er(Ⅲ) to Er and Ni(Ⅱ) to Ni were irreversible in one step on Pt and Cu electrodes. The diffusion coefficient and electron transfer coefficient of Er(Ⅲ) in 0.01 mol·L -1 ErCl 3 -0.1 mol·L -1 LiClO 4 DMSO system at 303K were 1.47×10 -10 m 2·s -1 and 0.108 respectively, and the diffusion coefficient and electron transfer coefficient of Ni(Ⅱ) in 0.01 mol·L -1 NiCl 2-0.1 mol·L -1 LiClO 4 DMSO system at 303K were 3.38×10 -10 m 2·s -1 and 0.160 respectively. The homogeneous, strong adhesive Er Ni alloy films with metallic lu- stre was prepared by potentiostatic electrolysis on Cu electrode in ErCl 3 NiCl 2 LiClO 4 DMSO system at -1.90～ -2.55 V (vs SCE).展开更多
为提高TiNi合金的阻尼性能,利用金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和DMA实验,研究添加微量稀土元素Er对Ti 49.1 Ni 50.9合金微观组织形貌、物相组成和阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:加入稀土元素Er后,TiNiEr合金晶粒发生细化,室温时合金均为B2母相状态,...为提高TiNi合金的阻尼性能,利用金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和DMA实验,研究添加微量稀土元素Er对Ti 49.1 Ni 50.9合金微观组织形貌、物相组成和阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:加入稀土元素Er后,TiNiEr合金晶粒发生细化,室温时合金均为B2母相状态,但其晶格发生畸变,单胞体积膨胀,随Er质量分数增加,点阵参数a先增大后减小,背散射图较亮的区域面积也相应增加,TiNiEr合金阻尼性能先升高后降低。当Er质量分数为0.08%时,合金阻尼性能最好。稀土元素Er对TiNi合金有较好的细化变质效果,可显著提高其阻尼性能。展开更多
基金Project supported by Ph.D.Student Research and Innovation Fund of the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(3072023GIP1005)。
文摘For the efficient electrolytic extraction of Er from spent nuclear fuel,a series of electrochemical methods was used to research the electrochemical behavior of Er(Ⅲ)in the LiCl—KCl system on inert(Mo)electrode and on reactive(Ni)electrodes.On the inert Mo electrode,the reduction of Er(Ⅲ)to Er(0)is a onestep with three-electron and quasi-reversible reaction process.Meanwhile,the apparent generation Gibbs free energy and activity coefficients of Er(Ⅲ)on the inert electrode were determined.Thereafter,the electrochemical reduction of Er(Ⅲ)on the Ni electrode was emphatically investigated.Er(Ⅲ)is reduced at a corrected potential owing to the formation of Ni-Er alloys.In addition,thermodynamic parameters such as partial excess Gibbs free energy change of Er in Ni,activity and apparent generation Gibbs free energy of the Ni-Er alloys were determined by the electromotive force method.Finally,different Ni-Er alloys were produced using potentiostatic electrolysis on the Ni cathode by controlling different potentials,Moreover,electrolytic extraction was carried out on the Ni cathode at the potential of-2.0 V,and the separation efficiency of Er reaches 99.72%,which proves the practicability of separating Er from LiCl-KCl eutectic on the reactive Ni cathode.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3701100)the Natural National Science Foundation of China(Nos.U20A20234,51874062)+1 种基金the Chongqing Foundation and Advanced Research Project,China(No.cstc2019jcyj-zdxmX0010)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,China(No.CSTB2022NSCQ-BHX0029).
文摘The synchronous enhancement mechanism of the mechanical properties and degradation rate of as-extruded Mg−xEr−1.6Ni alloys(x=17,12,and 9.5,wt.%)was investigated by controlling Er content.Results indicate that,as the Er content decreases,the overall content and the distribution of secondary phases did not change evidently,while the type of the secondary phases changed from single long-period stacking ordered(LPSO)phase to coexistence of the LPSO phase andγ'phase.Notably,the tensile yield strength(TYS)and degradation rate of the Mg alloy with a lower Er content(i.e.,Mg−9.5Er−1.6Ni alloy)are increased by 22.3%and 51.5%respectively compared to those of the Mg alloy with a higher Er content(i.e.,Mg−17Er−1.6Ni).The enhancement of mechanical properties of the Mg alloy with a lower Er content is attributed to the formation ofγ'phase,which can refine the grain size by inhibiting dynamic recrystallization,leading to enhanced TYS by secondary phase and grain boundary strengthening.Meanwhile,finer grains and theγ'phase also provide more corrosion sites and inhibit the formation of corrosion-resistant Er_(2)O_(3)film,thereby accelerating the corrosion of Mg alloy.
文摘The cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry were used to investigate the electrochemical behaviors of Er(Ⅲ) and Ni(Ⅱ) in LiClO 4 DMSO(dimethylsufoxide) system on Pt and Cu electrodes. Experimental results indicated that the reduction of Er(Ⅲ) to Er and Ni(Ⅱ) to Ni were irreversible in one step on Pt and Cu electrodes. The diffusion coefficient and electron transfer coefficient of Er(Ⅲ) in 0.01 mol·L -1 ErCl 3 -0.1 mol·L -1 LiClO 4 DMSO system at 303K were 1.47×10 -10 m 2·s -1 and 0.108 respectively, and the diffusion coefficient and electron transfer coefficient of Ni(Ⅱ) in 0.01 mol·L -1 NiCl 2-0.1 mol·L -1 LiClO 4 DMSO system at 303K were 3.38×10 -10 m 2·s -1 and 0.160 respectively. The homogeneous, strong adhesive Er Ni alloy films with metallic lu- stre was prepared by potentiostatic electrolysis on Cu electrode in ErCl 3 NiCl 2 LiClO 4 DMSO system at -1.90～ -2.55 V (vs SCE).
文摘为提高TiNi合金的阻尼性能,利用金相显微镜、XRD、SEM和DMA实验,研究添加微量稀土元素Er对Ti 49.1 Ni 50.9合金微观组织形貌、物相组成和阻尼性能的影响。结果表明:加入稀土元素Er后,TiNiEr合金晶粒发生细化,室温时合金均为B2母相状态,但其晶格发生畸变,单胞体积膨胀,随Er质量分数增加,点阵参数a先增大后减小,背散射图较亮的区域面积也相应增加,TiNiEr合金阻尼性能先升高后降低。当Er质量分数为0.08%时,合金阻尼性能最好。稀土元素Er对TiNi合金有较好的细化变质效果,可显著提高其阻尼性能。
