Ultraviolet(UV)/monochloramine(NHCl) as an advanced oxidation process was firstly applied for Aspergillus spores inactivation. This study aims to: i) clarify the inactivation and photoreactivation characteristics of U...Ultraviolet(UV)/monochloramine(NHCl) as an advanced oxidation process was firstly applied for Aspergillus spores inactivation. This study aims to: i) clarify the inactivation and photoreactivation characteristics of UV/NHCl process, ii) compared with UV/Clin inactivation efficiency, photoreactivation and energy consumption. The results illustrated that UV/NHCl showed better inactivation efficiency than that of UV alone and UV/Cl, and could effectively control the photoreactivation. For instance, the inactivation rates for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus in the processes of UV/NHCl(2.0 mg/L) was 0.034, 0.030 and 0.061 cm^(2)/m J), respectively, which were higher than that of UV alone(0.027, 0.026 and 0.024 cm^(2)/m J) and UV/Cl(0.023, 0.026 and 0.031 cm^(2)/m J). However, there was no synergistic effect for Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. As for Aspergillus niger, the best synergistic effect can reach 1.86-log 10. This may be due to their different resistance to disinfectants, which were related to the size, an outer layer of rodlets(hydrophobins) and pigments. After UV/NHCl inactivation, the degree of cell membrane damage and intracellular reactive oxygen species were higher than that of UV alone. UV/NHCl had the advantages of high inactivation efficiency and inhibition of photoreactivation, which provides a new entry point for the disinfection of waterborne fungi.展开更多
The title compound, Pd4Cl2, has been synthesized and structurally characterized. It crystallizes in orthorhombic, Pna2(1) space group , with Mr=481.79(C4H16Cl2N8PdS4), a=12.943(3), b=8.283(2), c=15.148(3)? , V=1623.9(...The title compound, Pd4Cl2, has been synthesized and structurally characterized. It crystallizes in orthorhombic, Pna2(1) space group , with Mr=481.79(C4H16Cl2N8PdS4), a=12.943(3), b=8.283(2), c=15.148(3)? , V=1623.9(6)? 3, Z=4. The Pd? ion has an square planar geometry, and is coordinated by four S atom donors from four thiourea molecules. The two Cl- anions found in the apical position balance the charge. In the solid state, the title compound forms three dimensional network structures through hydrogen bonds. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds connect the {Pd4}2+ and chloride ion to contribute to the stability of the structure. CCDC: 193379.展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51978557 , 51678472)the Shaanxi Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars (No. 2018JC026)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Team of Shaanxi UniversitiesShaanxi Provincial Key Research and Development Project (No. 2020ZDLSF06-05)。
文摘Ultraviolet(UV)/monochloramine(NHCl) as an advanced oxidation process was firstly applied for Aspergillus spores inactivation. This study aims to: i) clarify the inactivation and photoreactivation characteristics of UV/NHCl process, ii) compared with UV/Clin inactivation efficiency, photoreactivation and energy consumption. The results illustrated that UV/NHCl showed better inactivation efficiency than that of UV alone and UV/Cl, and could effectively control the photoreactivation. For instance, the inactivation rates for Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Aspergillus fumigatus in the processes of UV/NHCl(2.0 mg/L) was 0.034, 0.030 and 0.061 cm^(2)/m J), respectively, which were higher than that of UV alone(0.027, 0.026 and 0.024 cm^(2)/m J) and UV/Cl(0.023, 0.026 and 0.031 cm^(2)/m J). However, there was no synergistic effect for Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus. As for Aspergillus niger, the best synergistic effect can reach 1.86-log 10. This may be due to their different resistance to disinfectants, which were related to the size, an outer layer of rodlets(hydrophobins) and pigments. After UV/NHCl inactivation, the degree of cell membrane damage and intracellular reactive oxygen species were higher than that of UV alone. UV/NHCl had the advantages of high inactivation efficiency and inhibition of photoreactivation, which provides a new entry point for the disinfection of waterborne fungi.
文摘The title compound, Pd4Cl2, has been synthesized and structurally characterized. It crystallizes in orthorhombic, Pna2(1) space group , with Mr=481.79(C4H16Cl2N8PdS4), a=12.943(3), b=8.283(2), c=15.148(3)? , V=1623.9(6)? 3, Z=4. The Pd? ion has an square planar geometry, and is coordinated by four S atom donors from four thiourea molecules. The two Cl- anions found in the apical position balance the charge. In the solid state, the title compound forms three dimensional network structures through hydrogen bonds. The intermolecular hydrogen bonds connect the {Pd4}2+ and chloride ion to contribute to the stability of the structure. CCDC: 193379.
