The technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is one of the major techniques in dealing with multiple criteria decision making （MCDM） problems, and the belief structure （BS） model ...The technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is one of the major techniques in dealing with multiple criteria decision making （MCDM） problems, and the belief structure （BS） model has been used successfully for uncertain MCDM with incompleteness, impreciseness or ignorance. In this paper, the TOPSIS method with BS model is proposed to solve group belief MCDM problems. Firstly, the group belief MCDM problem is structured as a belief decision matrix in which the judgments of each decision maker are described as BS models, and then the evidential reasoning approach is used for aggregating the multiple decision makers＇ judgments. Subsequently, the positive and negative ideal belief solutions are defined with the principle of TOPSIS. To measure the separation from ideal solutions, the concept and algorithm of belief distance measure are defined, which can be used for comparing the difference between BS models. Finally, the relative closeness and ranking index are calculated for ranking the alternatives. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed method.展开更多
Determining the travel intention of residents with shared electric vehicles(EVs)is significant for promoting the development of low-carbon transportation,considering that common problems such as high idle rate and lac...Determining the travel intention of residents with shared electric vehicles(EVs)is significant for promoting the development of low-carbon transportation,considering that common problems such as high idle rate and lack of attractiveness still exist.To this end,a structural equation model(SEM)based on the theory of multiple motivations is proposed in this paper.First,the influencing motivations for EV sharing are divided into three categories:consumer-driven,program-driven,and enterprise-driven motivations.Then,the intentions of residents in Shanghai to travel with shared EVs are obtained through a survey questionnaire.Finally,an SEM is constructed to analyze quantitatively the impact of different motivations on the travel intention.The results show that consumer-driven motivations with impact weights from 0.14 to 0.63 have the overwhelming impact on travel intention,compared to program-driven motivations with impact weights from−0.14 to 0.15 and enterprise-driven motivations with impact weights from 0.02 to 0.06.In terms of consumer-driven motivations,the weight of green travel awareness is the highest.The implications of these results on the policy to enable large-scale implementation of shared EVs are discussed from the perspectives of the resident,enterprise,and government.展开更多
Although friction characteristics of fault gouge are important to understand reactivation of fault,behavior of earthquake,and mechanism of slope failure,analysis results of fault gouge have low accuracy mostly than th...Although friction characteristics of fault gouge are important to understand reactivation of fault,behavior of earthquake,and mechanism of slope failure,analysis results of fault gouge have low accuracy mostly than those of soils or rocks due to its high heterogeneity and low strength.Therefore,to improve the accuracy of analysis results,we conducted simple regression analysis and structural equation model analysis and selected major influential factors of friction characteristics among many factors,and then we deduced advanced regression model with the highest coefficient of determination(R^(2)) via multiple regression analysis.Whereas most coefficients of determination in simple regression analysis are below0.3-0.4,coefficient of determination in multiple regression analysis is remarkably large as 0.657.展开更多
Amid global climate change, rising levels of nitrogen(N) deposition have attracted considerable attention for their potential effects on the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. The desert steppes are a crucial yet...Amid global climate change, rising levels of nitrogen(N) deposition have attracted considerable attention for their potential effects on the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. The desert steppes are a crucial yet vulnerable ecosystem in arid areas, but their response to the combination of N addition and precipitation(a crucial factor in arid areas) remains underexplored. This study systematically explored the impact of N addition and precipitation on net ecosystem exchange(NEE) in a desert steppe in northern China. Specifically, we conducted a 2-a experiment from 2022 to 2023 with eight N addition treatments in the Urat desert steppe of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, to examine changes in NEE and explore its driving factors. The structural equation model(SEM) and multiple regression model were applied to determine the relationship of NEE with plant community characteristics and soil physical-chemical properties. Statistical results showed that N addition has no significant effect on NEE.However, it has a significant impact on the functional traits of desert steppe plant communities. SEM results further revealed that N addition has no significant effect on NEE in the desert steppe, whereas annual precipitation can influence NEE variations. The multiple regression model analysis indicated that plant functional traits play an important role in explaining the changes in NEE, accounting for 62.15% of the variation in NEE. In addition, plant height, as an important plant functional trait indicator, shows stronger reliability in predicting the changes in NEE and becomes a more promising predictor. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex ecological mechanisms governing plant community responses to precipitation and nutrient availability in the arid desert steppes, contributing to the improved monitoring and prediction of desert steppe ecosystem responses to global climate change.展开更多
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70971131, 70901074)
文摘The technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is one of the major techniques in dealing with multiple criteria decision making （MCDM） problems, and the belief structure （BS） model has been used successfully for uncertain MCDM with incompleteness, impreciseness or ignorance. In this paper, the TOPSIS method with BS model is proposed to solve group belief MCDM problems. Firstly, the group belief MCDM problem is structured as a belief decision matrix in which the judgments of each decision maker are described as BS models, and then the evidential reasoning approach is used for aggregating the multiple decision makers＇ judgments. Subsequently, the positive and negative ideal belief solutions are defined with the principle of TOPSIS. To measure the separation from ideal solutions, the concept and algorithm of belief distance measure are defined, which can be used for comparing the difference between BS models. Finally, the relative closeness and ranking index are calculated for ranking the alternatives. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed method.
基金the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(Nos.71971139 and 72201172)。
文摘Determining the travel intention of residents with shared electric vehicles(EVs)is significant for promoting the development of low-carbon transportation,considering that common problems such as high idle rate and lack of attractiveness still exist.To this end,a structural equation model(SEM)based on the theory of multiple motivations is proposed in this paper.First,the influencing motivations for EV sharing are divided into three categories:consumer-driven,program-driven,and enterprise-driven motivations.Then,the intentions of residents in Shanghai to travel with shared EVs are obtained through a survey questionnaire.Finally,an SEM is constructed to analyze quantitatively the impact of different motivations on the travel intention.The results show that consumer-driven motivations with impact weights from 0.14 to 0.63 have the overwhelming impact on travel intention,compared to program-driven motivations with impact weights from−0.14 to 0.15 and enterprise-driven motivations with impact weights from 0.02 to 0.06.In terms of consumer-driven motivations,the weight of green travel awareness is the highest.The implications of these results on the policy to enable large-scale implementation of shared EVs are discussed from the perspectives of the resident,enterprise,and government.
基金supported by Postdoctoral Fellowship Program funded by the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea through the Chungbuk National University in 2020。
文摘Although friction characteristics of fault gouge are important to understand reactivation of fault,behavior of earthquake,and mechanism of slope failure,analysis results of fault gouge have low accuracy mostly than those of soils or rocks due to its high heterogeneity and low strength.Therefore,to improve the accuracy of analysis results,we conducted simple regression analysis and structural equation model analysis and selected major influential factors of friction characteristics among many factors,and then we deduced advanced regression model with the highest coefficient of determination(R^(2)) via multiple regression analysis.Whereas most coefficients of determination in simple regression analysis are below0.3-0.4,coefficient of determination in multiple regression analysis is remarkably large as 0.657.
基金supported by the Major Science and Technology Project of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region (2024JBGS0011-02)Foundation for Innovative Research Groups in Basic Research of Gansu Province (25JRRA490)+1 种基金Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2022437)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42207538)。
文摘Amid global climate change, rising levels of nitrogen(N) deposition have attracted considerable attention for their potential effects on the carbon cycle of terrestrial ecosystems. The desert steppes are a crucial yet vulnerable ecosystem in arid areas, but their response to the combination of N addition and precipitation(a crucial factor in arid areas) remains underexplored. This study systematically explored the impact of N addition and precipitation on net ecosystem exchange(NEE) in a desert steppe in northern China. Specifically, we conducted a 2-a experiment from 2022 to 2023 with eight N addition treatments in the Urat desert steppe of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China, to examine changes in NEE and explore its driving factors. The structural equation model(SEM) and multiple regression model were applied to determine the relationship of NEE with plant community characteristics and soil physical-chemical properties. Statistical results showed that N addition has no significant effect on NEE.However, it has a significant impact on the functional traits of desert steppe plant communities. SEM results further revealed that N addition has no significant effect on NEE in the desert steppe, whereas annual precipitation can influence NEE variations. The multiple regression model analysis indicated that plant functional traits play an important role in explaining the changes in NEE, accounting for 62.15% of the variation in NEE. In addition, plant height, as an important plant functional trait indicator, shows stronger reliability in predicting the changes in NEE and becomes a more promising predictor. These findings provide valuable insights into the complex ecological mechanisms governing plant community responses to precipitation and nutrient availability in the arid desert steppes, contributing to the improved monitoring and prediction of desert steppe ecosystem responses to global climate change.
