“A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job,”said Confucius.Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics,nuclear physics,and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the...“A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job,”said Confucius.Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics,nuclear physics,and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the universe.Also,they are being increasingly used in other disciplines like nuclear power generation,life sciences,environmental sciences,medical sciences,etc.The article reviews the short history,recent development,and trend of nuclear detection and readout techniques,covering Semiconductor Detector,Gaseous Detector,Scintillation Detector,Cherenkov Detector,Transition Radiation Detector,and Readout Techniques.By explaining the principle and using examples,we hope to help the interested reader underst and this research field and bring exciting information to the community.展开更多
Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) is a robust and low cost gas detector, which is extensively used in high-energy physics, cosmic and astroparticle physics experiments. Over the past twenty years, as a particle detector, ...Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) is a robust and low cost gas detector, which is extensively used in high-energy physics, cosmic and astroparticle physics experiments. Over the past twenty years, as a particle detector, RPC has made remarkable progress. The main achievements, features and results of experiemantal tests including R&D and production of the RPCs by several Chinese groups in recent years are reported in this article.展开更多
Non-centrosymmetric superconducting materials represent an exciting class of novel superconductors featuring a variety of unconventional properties,including mixed-parity pairing and very high upper critical fields.He...Non-centrosymmetric superconducting materials represent an exciting class of novel superconductors featuring a variety of unconventional properties,including mixed-parity pairing and very high upper critical fields.Here,we present a comprehensive study of TaIr_(2)B_(2)(with T_(c)=5.1 K),using a set of complementary experimental methods,including bulk-and surface-sensitive techniques.We provide evidence that this system is a two-band,yet it behaves as a single-gap superconductor with a strong coupling.The upper critical field of TaIr_(2)B_(2)significantly exceeds the Pauli limit and exhibits a nearly linear temperature dependence down to the lowest temperatures.This behavior,rarely seen in superconductors,is discussed in terms of anti-symmetric spin-orbit interaction,two-band-,and strong-coupling effects,as well as disorder.展开更多
The discovery of superconductivity with T_(c)above 77 K in pressurized La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)has stimulated enormous interest in the field of unconventional superconductivity.A recent experiment in La_(2)Pr Ni_(2)O_(7)has ...The discovery of superconductivity with T_(c)above 77 K in pressurized La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)has stimulated enormous interest in the field of unconventional superconductivity.A recent experiment in La_(2)Pr Ni_(2)O_(7)has shown that the superconducting volume is close to100%.Because the superconductivity can only be achieved under high pressures,many intrinsic properties,such as the superconducting gaps,have not been measured yet.We report the Andreev reflection measurement of pressurized La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)with the onset superconducting transition temperature at about 77 K.Our data reveal a clear peak of differential conductivity near zero bias in the tunneling spectrum;and appear also are some temperature-dependent steps that may reflect other superconducting gaps.Calculations based on the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk model with multiple components can roughly fit the data,and the central peak can be fitted with a d-wave gap with a magnitude of about 9 meV,and other two s-wave gaps at about 16 and 26 meV.The latter two large gaps are determined from the enhanced steps of the differential conductivity,which may have other origins.Our results reveal possible evidence of a sign-reversal gap and multi-component features of the superconducting gaps in the nickelate 327 systems.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12222512,U2032209,12075045,12335011,1875097,11975257,62074146,11975115,12205374,12305210,11975292,12005276,12005278,12375193,12227805,12235012,12375191,12005279)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1601300)+13 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB34000000)the CAS Pioneer Hundred Talent Programthe CAS“Light of West China”Programthe Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province(No.101300261)the Dalian Science and Technology Innovation Fund(2023JJ12GX013)the Special Projects of the Central Government in Guidance of Local Science and Technology Development(Research and development of three-dimensional prospecting technology based on Cosmic-ray muons)(YDZX20216200001297)the Science and Technology Planning Project of Gansu(20JR10RA645)the Lanzhou University Talent Cooperation Research Funds sponsored by both Lanzhou City(561121203)the Gansu provincial science and technology plan projects for talents(054000029)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(No.1232033)the Beijing Hope Run Special Fund of Cancer Foundation of China(No.LC2021B23)the Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research(No.2020B0301030008)the Scientific Instrument Developing Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.GJJSTD20210009)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2021450)。
文摘“A Craftsman Must Sharpen His Tools to Do His Job,”said Confucius.Nuclear detection and readout techniques are the foundation of particle physics,nuclear physics,and particle astrophysics to reveal the nature of the universe.Also,they are being increasingly used in other disciplines like nuclear power generation,life sciences,environmental sciences,medical sciences,etc.The article reviews the short history,recent development,and trend of nuclear detection and readout techniques,covering Semiconductor Detector,Gaseous Detector,Scintillation Detector,Cherenkov Detector,Transition Radiation Detector,and Readout Techniques.By explaining the principle and using examples,we hope to help the interested reader underst and this research field and bring exciting information to the community.
文摘Resistive Plate Chamber (RPC) is a robust and low cost gas detector, which is extensively used in high-energy physics, cosmic and astroparticle physics experiments. Over the past twenty years, as a particle detector, RPC has made remarkable progress. The main achievements, features and results of experiemantal tests including R&D and production of the RPCs by several Chinese groups in recent years are reported in this article.
基金supported by the National Science Center(Poland),Grant No.2022/45/B/ST5/03916The work at Slovak Academy of Sciences was supported by Projects APVV-23-0624,VEGA 2/0073/24,COST Action No.CA21144(SUPERQUMAP),Slovak Academy of Sciences Project IMPULZ IM-2021-42.
文摘Non-centrosymmetric superconducting materials represent an exciting class of novel superconductors featuring a variety of unconventional properties,including mixed-parity pairing and very high upper critical fields.Here,we present a comprehensive study of TaIr_(2)B_(2)(with T_(c)=5.1 K),using a set of complementary experimental methods,including bulk-and surface-sensitive techniques.We provide evidence that this system is a two-band,yet it behaves as a single-gap superconductor with a strong coupling.The upper critical field of TaIr_(2)B_(2)significantly exceeds the Pauli limit and exhibits a nearly linear temperature dependence down to the lowest temperatures.This behavior,rarely seen in superconductors,is discussed in terms of anti-symmetric spin-orbit interaction,two-band-,and strong-coupling effects,as well as disorder.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2022YFA1403201,and 2023YFA1406500)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.12494591,11927809,12425404,and 123B2055)。
文摘The discovery of superconductivity with T_(c)above 77 K in pressurized La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)has stimulated enormous interest in the field of unconventional superconductivity.A recent experiment in La_(2)Pr Ni_(2)O_(7)has shown that the superconducting volume is close to100%.Because the superconductivity can only be achieved under high pressures,many intrinsic properties,such as the superconducting gaps,have not been measured yet.We report the Andreev reflection measurement of pressurized La_(3)Ni_(2)O_(7)with the onset superconducting transition temperature at about 77 K.Our data reveal a clear peak of differential conductivity near zero bias in the tunneling spectrum;and appear also are some temperature-dependent steps that may reflect other superconducting gaps.Calculations based on the Blonder-Tinkham-Klapwijk model with multiple components can roughly fit the data,and the central peak can be fitted with a d-wave gap with a magnitude of about 9 meV,and other two s-wave gaps at about 16 and 26 meV.The latter two large gaps are determined from the enhanced steps of the differential conductivity,which may have other origins.Our results reveal possible evidence of a sign-reversal gap and multi-component features of the superconducting gaps in the nickelate 327 systems.
