In terms of tandem cold mill productivity and product quality, a multi-objective optimization model of rolling schedule based on cost fimction was proposed to determine the stand reductions, inter-stand tensions and r...In terms of tandem cold mill productivity and product quality, a multi-objective optimization model of rolling schedule based on cost fimction was proposed to determine the stand reductions, inter-stand tensions and rolling speeds for a specified product. The proposed schedule optimization model consists of several single cost fi.mctions, which take rolling force, motor power, inter-stand tension and stand reduction into consideration. The cost function, which can evaluate how far the rolling parameters are from the ideal values, was minimized using the Nelder-Mead simplex method. The proposed rolling schedule optimization method has been applied successfully to the 5-stand tandem cold mill in Tangsteel, and the results from a case study show that the proposed method is superior to those based on empirical formulae.展开更多
In the last decade,space solar power satellites(SSPSs)have been conceived to support net-zero carbon emissions and have attracted considerable attention.Electric energy is transmitted to the ground via a microwave pow...In the last decade,space solar power satellites(SSPSs)have been conceived to support net-zero carbon emissions and have attracted considerable attention.Electric energy is transmitted to the ground via a microwave power beam,a technology known as microwave power transmission(MPT).Due to the vast transmission distance of tens of thousands of kilometers,the power transmitting antenna array must span up to 1 kilometer in diameter.At the same time,the size of the rectifying array on the ground should extend over a few kilometers.This makes the MPT system of SSPSs significantly larger than the existing aerospace engineering system.To design and operate a rational MPT system,comprehensive optimization is required.Taking the space MPT system engineering into consideration,a novel multi-objective optimization function is proposed and further analyzed.The multi-objective optimization problem is modeled mathematically.Beam collection efficiency(BCE)is the primary factor,followed by the thermal management capability.Some tapers,designed to solve the conflict between BCE and the thermal problem,are reviewed.In addition to these two factors,rectenna design complexity is included as a functional factor in the optimization objective.Weight coefficients are assigned to these factors to prioritize them.Radiating planar arrays with different aperture illumination fields are studied,and their performances are compared using the multi-objective optimization function.Transmitting array size,rectifying array size,transmission distance,and transmitted power remaine constant in various cases,ensuring fair comparisons.The analysis results show that the proposed optimization function is effective in optimizing and selecting the MPT system architecture.It is also noted that the multi-objective optimization function can be expanded to include other factors in the future.展开更多
The multi-objective optimization of backfill effect based on response surface methodology and desirability function(RSM-DF)was conducted.Firstly,the test results show that the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)increas...The multi-objective optimization of backfill effect based on response surface methodology and desirability function(RSM-DF)was conducted.Firstly,the test results show that the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)increases with cement sand ratio(CSR),slurry concentration(SC),and curing age(CA),while flow resistance(FR)increases with SC and backfill flow rate(BFR),and decreases with CSR.Then the regression models of UCS and FR as response values were established through RSM.Multi-factor interaction found that CSR-CA impacted UCS most,while SC-BFR impacted FR most.By introducing the desirability function,the optimal backfill parameters were obtained based on RSM-DF(CSR is 1:6.25,SC is 69%,CA is 11.5 d,and BFR is 90 m^(3)/h),showing close results of Design Expert and high reliability for optimization.For a copper mine in China,RSM-DF optimization will reduce cement consumption by 4758 t per year,increase tailings consumption by about 6700 t,and reduce CO_(2)emission by about 4758 t.Thus,RSM-DF provides a new approach for backfill parameters optimization,which has important theoretical and practical values.展开更多
To better meet the needs of crop growth and achieve energy savings and efficiency enhancements,constructing a reliable environmental model to optimize greenhouse decision parameters is an important problem to be solve...To better meet the needs of crop growth and achieve energy savings and efficiency enhancements,constructing a reliable environmental model to optimize greenhouse decision parameters is an important problem to be solved.In this work,a radial-basis function(RBF)neural network was used to mine the potential changes of a greenhouse environment,a temperature error model was established,a multi-objective optimization function of energy consumption was constructed and the corresponding decision parameters were optimized by using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy(NSGA-Ⅱ).The simulation results showed that RBF could clarify the nonlinear relationship among the greenhouse environment variables and decision parameters and the greenhouse temperature.The NSGA-Ⅱcould well search for the Pareto solution for the objective functions.The experimental results showed that after 40 min of combined control of sunshades and sprays,the temperature was reduced from 31℃to 25℃,and the power consumption was 0.5 MJ.Compared with tire three days of July 24,July 25 and July 26,2017,the energy consumption of the controlled production greenhouse was reduced by 37.5%,9.1%and 28.5%,respectively.展开更多
In this paper, we present an algorithm to solve the inequality constrained multi-objective programming (MP) by using a penalty function with objective parameters and constraint penalty parameter. First, the penalty fu...In this paper, we present an algorithm to solve the inequality constrained multi-objective programming (MP) by using a penalty function with objective parameters and constraint penalty parameter. First, the penalty function with objective parameters and constraint penalty parameter for MP and the corresponding unconstraint penalty optimization problem (UPOP) is defined. Under some conditions, a Pareto efficient solution (or a weakly-efficient solution) to UPOP is proved to be a Pareto efficient solution (or a weakly-efficient solution) to MP. The penalty function is proved to be exact under a stable condition. Then, we design an algorithm to solve MP and prove its convergence. Finally, numerical examples show that the algorithm may help decision makers to find a satisfactory solution to MP.展开更多
This paper deals with the optimality conditions and dual theory of multi-objective programming problems involving generalized convexity. New classes of generalized type-I functions are introduced for arcwise connected...This paper deals with the optimality conditions and dual theory of multi-objective programming problems involving generalized convexity. New classes of generalized type-I functions are introduced for arcwise connected functions, and examples are given to show the existence of these functions. By utilizing the new concepts, several sufficient optimality conditions and Mond-Weir type duality results are proposed for non-differentiable multi-objective programming problem.展开更多
The 6-DOF manipulator provides a new option for traditional shipbuilding for its advantages of vast working space,low power consumption,and excellent flexibility.However,the rotation of the end effector along the tool...The 6-DOF manipulator provides a new option for traditional shipbuilding for its advantages of vast working space,low power consumption,and excellent flexibility.However,the rotation of the end effector along the tool axis is functionally redundant when using a robotic arm for five-axis machining.In the process of ship construction,the performance of the parts’protective coating needs to bemachined tomeet the Performance Standard of Protective Coatings(PSPC).The arbitrary redundancy configuration in path planning will result in drastic fluctuations in the robot joint angle,greatly reducing machining quality and efficiency.There have been some studies on singleobjective optimization of redundant variables,However,the quality and efficiency of milling are not affected by a single factor,it is usually influenced by several factors,such as the manipulator stiffness,the joint motion smoothness,and the energy consumption.To solve this problem,this paper proposed a new path optimization method for the industrial robot when it is used for five-axis machining.The path smoothness performance index and the energy consumption index are established based on the joint acceleration and the joint velocity,respectively.The path planning issue is formulated as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem by taking into account the constraints of joint limits and singularity avoidance.Then,the path is split into multiple segments for optimization to avoid the slow convergence rate caused by the high dimension.An algorithm combining the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-II)and the differential evolution(DE)algorithm is employed to solve the above optimization problem.The simulations validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,showing the improvement of smoothness and the reduction of energy consumption.展开更多
A vague-set-based fuzzy multi-objective decision making model is developed for evaluating bidding plans in a bid- ding purchase process. A group of decision-makers (DMs) first independently assess bidding plans accord...A vague-set-based fuzzy multi-objective decision making model is developed for evaluating bidding plans in a bid- ding purchase process. A group of decision-makers (DMs) first independently assess bidding plans according to their experience and preferences, and these assessments may be expressed as linguistic terms, which are then converted to fuzzy numbers. The resulting decision matrices are then transformed to objective membership grade matrices. The lower bound of satisfaction and upper bound of dissatisfaction are used to determine each bidding plan’s supporting, opposing, and neutral objective sets, which together determine the vague value of a bidding plan. Finally, a score function is employed to rank all bidding plans. A new score function based on vague sets is introduced in the model and a novel method is presented for calculating the lower bound of sat- isfaction and upper bound of dissatisfaction. In a vague-set-based fuzzy multi-objective decision making model, different valua- tions for upper and lower bounds of satisfaction usually lead to distinct ranking results. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively contain DMs’ arbitrariness and subjectivity when these values are determined.展开更多
To assist readers to have a comprehensive understanding, the classical and intelligent methods roundly based on precursory research achievements are summarized in this paper. First, basic conception and description ab...To assist readers to have a comprehensive understanding, the classical and intelligent methods roundly based on precursory research achievements are summarized in this paper. First, basic conception and description about multi-objective (MO) optimization are introduced. Then some definitions and related terminologies are given. Furthermore several MO optimization methods including classical and current intelligent methods are discussed one by one succinctly. Finally evaluations on advantages and disadvantages about these methods are made at the end of the paper.展开更多
Selective logging is well-recognized as an effective practice in sustainable forest management.However,the ecological efficiency or resilience of the residual stand is often in doubt.Recovery time depends on operation...Selective logging is well-recognized as an effective practice in sustainable forest management.However,the ecological efficiency or resilience of the residual stand is often in doubt.Recovery time depends on operational variables,diversity,and forest structure.Selective logging is excellent but is open to changes.This may be resolved by mathematical programming and this study integrates the economic-ecological aspects in multi-objective function by applying two evolutionary algorithms.The function maximizes remaining stand diversity,merchantable logs,and the inverse of distance between trees for harvesting and log landings points.The Brazilian rainforest database(566 trees)was used to simulate our 216-ha model.The log landing design has a maximum volume limit of 500 m3.The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm was applied to solve the main optimization problem.In parallel,a sub-problem(p-facility allocation)was solved for landing allocation by a genetic algorithm.Pareto frontier analysis was applied to distinguish the gradientsα-economic,β-ecological,andγ-equilibrium.As expected,the solutions have high diameter changes in the residual stand(average removal of approximately 16 m^(3) ha^(-1)).All solutions showed a grouping of trees selected for harvesting,although there was no formation of large clearings(percentage of canopy removal<7%,with an average of 2.5 ind ha^(-1)).There were no differences in floristic composition by preferentially selecting species with greater frequency in the initial stand for harvesting.This implies a lower impact on the demographic rates of the remaining stand.The methodology should support projects of reduced impact logging by using spatial-diversity information to guide better practices in tropical forests.展开更多
AIM To define predictors of functional benefit of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and liver cirrhosis.METHODS We analysed a cohort of 199 patients with chronic ...AIM To define predictors of functional benefit of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and liver cirrhosis.METHODS We analysed a cohort of 199 patients with chronic HCV genotype 1, 2, 3 and 4 infection involving previously treated and untreated patients with compensated(76%) and decompensated(24%) liver cirrhosis at two tertiary centres in Germany. Patients were included withtreatment initiation between February 2014 and August 2016. All patients received a combination regimen of one or more DAAs for either 12 or 24 wk. Predictors of functional benefit were assessed in a univariable as well as multivariable model by binary logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Viral clearance was achieved in 88%(175/199) of patients. Sustained virological response(SVR) 12 rates were as follows: among 156 patients with genotype 1 infection the SVR 12 rate was 90%(n = 141); among 7 patients with genotype 2 infection the SVR 12 rate was 57%(n = 4); among 30 patients with genotype 3 infection the SVR 12 rate was 87%(n = 26); and among 6 patients with genotype 4 infection the SVR 12 rate was 67%(n = 4). Follow-up MELD scores were available for 179 patients. A MELD score improvement was observed in 37%(65/179) of patients, no change of MELD score in 41%(74/179) of patients, and an aggravation was observed in 22%(40/179) of patients. We analysed predictors of functional benefit from antiviral therapy in our patients beyond viral eradication. We identified the Child-Pugh score, the MELD score, the number of platelets and the levels of albumin and bilirubin as significant factors for functional benefit.CONCLUSION Our data may contribute to the discussion of potential risks and benefits of antiviral therapy with individual patients infected with HCV and with advanced liver disease.展开更多
The shape and size optimization of brackets in hull structures was conducted to achieve the simultaneous reduction of mass and high stress,where the parametric finite element model was built based on Patran Command La...The shape and size optimization of brackets in hull structures was conducted to achieve the simultaneous reduction of mass and high stress,where the parametric finite element model was built based on Patran Command Language codes.The optimization procedure was executed on Isight platform,on which the linear dimensionless method was introduced to establish the weighted multi-objective function.The extreme processing method was applied and proved effective to normalize the objectives.The bracket was optimized under the typical single loads and design waves,accompanied by the different proportions of weights in the objective function,in which the safety factor function was further established,including yielding,buckling,and fatigue strength,and the weight minimization and safety maximization of the bracket were obtained.The findings of this study illustrate that the dimensionless objectives share equal contributions to the multi-objective function,which enhances the role of weights in the optimization.展开更多
Multi-objective robust state-feedback controller synthesis problems for linear discrete-time uncertain systems are addressed. Based on parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions, the Gl2 and GH2 norm expressed in terms of...Multi-objective robust state-feedback controller synthesis problems for linear discrete-time uncertain systems are addressed. Based on parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions, the Gl2 and GH2 norm expressed in terms of LMI (Linear Matrix Inequality) characterizations are further generalized to cope with the robust analysis for convex polytopic uncertain system. Robust state-feedback controller synthesis conditions are also derived for this class of uncertain systems. Using the above results, multi-objective state-feedback controller synthesis procedures which involve the LMI optimization technique are developed and less conservative than the existing one. An illustrative example verified the validity of the approach.展开更多
Considering research on multi-objective optimization for reliability and performance suffering cost constraints in digital circuits,an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on performance and reliabili...Considering research on multi-objective optimization for reliability and performance suffering cost constraints in digital circuits,an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on performance and reliability was proposed to solve the problem of discrete system resources configuration in this paper. This algorithm used the particle-swarm optimization( PSO) to evaluate the tradeoffs configuration of the system resources between reliability and performance and proved the feasibility through the simulation.Finally, the information of resources configuration from optimization algorithm was used to effectively guide the system design so as to mitigate soft errors caused by single event effect( SEE).展开更多
Gluten,the protein responsible for the superior viscoelastic properties of refined wheat flour dough over glutenfree cereals,causes celiac disease in people susceptible to gluten-allergy.Moreover,the sustainability of...Gluten,the protein responsible for the superior viscoelastic properties of refined wheat flour dough over glutenfree cereals,causes celiac disease in people susceptible to gluten-allergy.Moreover,the sustainability of using wheat flour in baked foods is threatened by its high cost,especially in countries that depend on imported wheat for their bakery industry.Research has shown that hydrocolloids serve as gluten replacements in baked foods,in response to these challenges.Food hydrocolloids are a class of high-molecular weight polysaccharides and proteins,which serve as functional ingredients in the food industry that modify the foods’rheological and textural properties.They function as stabilizers,viscosity modifiers,gelling agents,water binders,fibres,and inhibitors of ice crystal in foods.Further,food hydrocolloids have also been reported to possess health-promoting properties,such as lowering of postprandial blood glucose and plasma cholesterol concentrations,colon cancer prevention,and modulation of intestinal transit and satiety.They are obtained from plants,animals or microorganisms,and can be used in their natural or modified forms.The aim of this paper is to review the functional benefits of natural and modified hydrocolloids as gluten replacements in baked foods,emphasizing their physicochemical,nutraceutical,and sensorial importance.The application effects of food hydrocolloids as gluten substitutes in gluten-free baked products’quality were discussed.Also,some practical approaches to improve the quality of gluten-free baked products,in response to an increasing consumers’demand and the rising cost of refined wheat flour were highlighted.展开更多
Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),a highly nutritious and functional fruit,is reported to have various health benefits and has been extensively planted worldwide,especially in China.Many studies have shown that bioactive ...Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),a highly nutritious and functional fruit,is reported to have various health benefits and has been extensively planted worldwide,especially in China.Many studies have shown that bioactive components derived from jujube fruit have significant nutritional and potential biological effects.In this paper,the latest progress in research on major bioactive compounds obtained from jujube is reviewed,and the potential biological functions of jujube fruit resources are discussed.As a dietary supplement,jujube fruit is well recognized as a healthy food which contains a variety of bioactive substances,such as polysaccharides,polyphenols,amino acids,nucleotides,fatty acids,dietary fiber,alkaloids,and other nutrients.These nutrients and non-nutritive phytochemicals obtained from jujube fruit have physiological functions including anticancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-hyperglycemic,immunoregulatory,neuroprotective,sedative,and antiviral functions.Of note is that new constituents,including alkaloids,dietary fiber,and other bioactive substances,as well as the antiviral,hypoglycemic,lipid-lowering,and neuroprotective effects of jujube fruit,are systematically reviewed here for the first time.Meanwhile,problems affecting the exploitation of jujube fruit resources are discussed and further research directions proposed.Therefore,this review provides a useful bibliography for the future development of jujube-based products and the utilization of jujube nutritional components in functional foods.展开更多
Workload balancing in cloud computing is not yet resolved,particularly considering Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)in the cloud network.The problem of being underloaded or overloaded should not occur at the time of t...Workload balancing in cloud computing is not yet resolved,particularly considering Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)in the cloud network.The problem of being underloaded or overloaded should not occur at the time of the server or host accessing the cloud which may lead to create system crash problem.Thus,to resolve these existing problems,an efficient task scheduling algorithm is required for distributing the tasks over the entire feasible resources,which is termed load balancing.The load balancing approach assures that the entire Virtual Machines(VMs)are utilized appropriately.So,it is highly essential to develop a load-balancing model in a cloud environment based on machine learning and optimization strategies.Here,the computing and networking data is utilized for the analysis to observe the traffic as well as performance patterns.The acquired data is offered to the machine learning decision to select the right server by predicting the performance effectively by employing an Optimal Kernel-based Extreme Learning Machine(OK-ELM)and their parameter is tuned by the developed hybrid approach Population Size-based Mud Ring Tunicate Swarm Algorithm(PS-MRTSA).Further,effective scheduling is performed to resolve the load balancing issues by employing the developed model MR-TSA.Here,the developed approach effectively resolves the multi-objective constraints such as Response time,Resource cost,and energy consumption.Thus,the recommended load balancing model securesan enhanced performance rate than the traditional approaches over several experimental analyses.展开更多
In this study, Siwi roasted date seeds (pits) as a by-product of the date factories were used in powder form for ice cream fortification to produce a new product with coffee</span></span><span><sp...In this study, Siwi roasted date seeds (pits) as a by-product of the date factories were used in powder form for ice cream fortification to produce a new product with coffee</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">like flavor. Also</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> this product possesses functional, nutritional and health benefits as it contains, minerals, phenolic compounds and <span>possess antioxidant activity. Six ice cream mixes were prepared</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">:</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> plain ice</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> cream <span>without additives (control),<b> </b>five<b> </b>ice cream treatments supplemented with</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">powder <span>of the Nescafé (3%), Coffee (3%) and Roasted Date Seeds Powder (RDSP</span>) with ratio of 3</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">%</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">, 4</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">%</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> and 5%, respectively. The results showed that increasing the added percentage of Roasted Date Seeds Powder (RDSP) to the ice cream mixes leads to an increase in the total solids, fibers, total nitrogen and ash content of the final product. It also increases viscosity, specific gravity, weight <span>per gallon and increase the depression of</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">freezing point of the mixes. The</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> overrun and melting resis</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">tance <span>of the final ice cream also increased compared with </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">control. The sensory</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> <span>evaluation was improved by adding RDSP comparing to control. So in this</span> <span>study</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> it is recommended </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">to </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">us</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">e</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> RDSP as </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">source of minerals and </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">health-promoting for ice cream making</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> as it contain</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> bioactive</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> compounds and also gives the ice cream desirable color and coffee-like flavor, but free of caffeine.展开更多
At present,the whole country is fully implementing rural revitalization strategy and actively promoting rural ecosystems development in China.From the perspective of ecology and agroecology,the main functions of rural...At present,the whole country is fully implementing rural revitalization strategy and actively promoting rural ecosystems development in China.From the perspective of ecology and agroecology,the main functions of rural ecosystem in China,the current outstanding problems,and the corresponding countermeasures and measures are discussed in the paper,in order to provide references for promoting the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization and the sustainable development of rural ecosystem.China’s rural ecosystem has multi-functions such as carrying population,improving environment,providing products,increasing income,expanding employment and tourism,inheriting culture,popularizing science and technology,educating people,training talents,and providing places for the aged urban residents.Currently,there are still many problems and challenges in rural ecosystem in China,such as ecological destruction,waste of resources,environmental pollution,natural disasters,economic poverty,backward science and education,laggard culture and medical care,lack of public services,bad social morality,loss of villagers and disappearance of villages.In order to promote implementation of rural revitalization strategy and to promote sustainable development of rural ecosystems in China,the following measures should be taken based on the principles of integrating “tri-benefits”(economic,ecological and social benefits),gradual progress,comprehensive governance,adaptation to local conditions and long-term efforts and success.Eventually,the following measures are suggested:① enhancing awareness;② planning well;③ improving environment;④ optimizing ecological structure;⑤ improving ecological functions;⑥ improving ecological conditions;⑦ strengthening public services;⑧ improving laws and regulations;⑨ improving great investment;⑩ accelerating personnel training.展开更多
Agroecosystem functional assessment indicators provide a necessary bridge between decision makers and scientists. The development of acceptable indicators, however, remains a difficult task because the current knowle...Agroecosystem functional assessment indicators provide a necessary bridge between decision makers and scientists. The development of acceptable indicators, however, remains a difficult task because the current knowledge and understanding of ecosystems is not sufficient to allow an objective assessment of all ecosystem functions. These difficulties were summarized from three perspectives. First, there are difficulties in individual function assessment. Of the four functions associated with agroecosystems energy flow, materials cycling, information flow and value flow data on material cycling and information flow remain difficult to obtain and the indicators relatively immature. Secondly, there are difficulties of integration. During the assessment process, the integration of the agroecosystem functions remains the biggest obstacle. Until now, there has been no practical or effective methodology established to resolve the problem. At present, the makeshift approach has been to weight the various indicators and then add them together. Thirdly, there is the problem of obscure concepts and concept confusion. When assessments of agroecosystems are conducted, concepts such as structure, function, benefit, and resource utilization are used extensively. To date, no logical relationship(either real or implied) has been developed between any of these concepts. Are they causes and results such that the relationship between them is linear, or are they independent from one another such that the relationship is parallel? Thus far, the essence of this question is yet to be explored.展开更多
基金Project(51074051)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(N110307001)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China
文摘In terms of tandem cold mill productivity and product quality, a multi-objective optimization model of rolling schedule based on cost fimction was proposed to determine the stand reductions, inter-stand tensions and rolling speeds for a specified product. The proposed schedule optimization model consists of several single cost fi.mctions, which take rolling force, motor power, inter-stand tension and stand reduction into consideration. The cost function, which can evaluate how far the rolling parameters are from the ideal values, was minimized using the Nelder-Mead simplex method. The proposed rolling schedule optimization method has been applied successfully to the 5-stand tandem cold mill in Tangsteel, and the results from a case study show that the proposed method is superior to those based on empirical formulae.
文摘In the last decade,space solar power satellites(SSPSs)have been conceived to support net-zero carbon emissions and have attracted considerable attention.Electric energy is transmitted to the ground via a microwave power beam,a technology known as microwave power transmission(MPT).Due to the vast transmission distance of tens of thousands of kilometers,the power transmitting antenna array must span up to 1 kilometer in diameter.At the same time,the size of the rectifying array on the ground should extend over a few kilometers.This makes the MPT system of SSPSs significantly larger than the existing aerospace engineering system.To design and operate a rational MPT system,comprehensive optimization is required.Taking the space MPT system engineering into consideration,a novel multi-objective optimization function is proposed and further analyzed.The multi-objective optimization problem is modeled mathematically.Beam collection efficiency(BCE)is the primary factor,followed by the thermal management capability.Some tapers,designed to solve the conflict between BCE and the thermal problem,are reviewed.In addition to these two factors,rectenna design complexity is included as a functional factor in the optimization objective.Weight coefficients are assigned to these factors to prioritize them.Radiating planar arrays with different aperture illumination fields are studied,and their performances are compared using the multi-objective optimization function.Transmitting array size,rectifying array size,transmission distance,and transmitted power remaine constant in various cases,ensuring fair comparisons.The analysis results show that the proposed optimization function is effective in optimizing and selecting the MPT system architecture.It is also noted that the multi-objective optimization function can be expanded to include other factors in the future.
基金Funded by the Deep Underground National Science&Technology Major Project gram of China(No.2024ZD1003704)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51834001 and 52374111)。
文摘The multi-objective optimization of backfill effect based on response surface methodology and desirability function(RSM-DF)was conducted.Firstly,the test results show that the uniaxial compressive strength(UCS)increases with cement sand ratio(CSR),slurry concentration(SC),and curing age(CA),while flow resistance(FR)increases with SC and backfill flow rate(BFR),and decreases with CSR.Then the regression models of UCS and FR as response values were established through RSM.Multi-factor interaction found that CSR-CA impacted UCS most,while SC-BFR impacted FR most.By introducing the desirability function,the optimal backfill parameters were obtained based on RSM-DF(CSR is 1:6.25,SC is 69%,CA is 11.5 d,and BFR is 90 m^(3)/h),showing close results of Design Expert and high reliability for optimization.For a copper mine in China,RSM-DF optimization will reduce cement consumption by 4758 t per year,increase tailings consumption by about 6700 t,and reduce CO_(2)emission by about 4758 t.Thus,RSM-DF provides a new approach for backfill parameters optimization,which has important theoretical and practical values.
基金Supported by the National"Thirteenth Five-year Plan"National Key Program(2016YFD0701301)the Heilongjiang Provincial Achievement Transformation Fund Project(NB08B-011)。
文摘To better meet the needs of crop growth and achieve energy savings and efficiency enhancements,constructing a reliable environmental model to optimize greenhouse decision parameters is an important problem to be solved.In this work,a radial-basis function(RBF)neural network was used to mine the potential changes of a greenhouse environment,a temperature error model was established,a multi-objective optimization function of energy consumption was constructed and the corresponding decision parameters were optimized by using a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm with an elite strategy(NSGA-Ⅱ).The simulation results showed that RBF could clarify the nonlinear relationship among the greenhouse environment variables and decision parameters and the greenhouse temperature.The NSGA-Ⅱcould well search for the Pareto solution for the objective functions.The experimental results showed that after 40 min of combined control of sunshades and sprays,the temperature was reduced from 31℃to 25℃,and the power consumption was 0.5 MJ.Compared with tire three days of July 24,July 25 and July 26,2017,the energy consumption of the controlled production greenhouse was reduced by 37.5%,9.1%and 28.5%,respectively.
文摘In this paper, we present an algorithm to solve the inequality constrained multi-objective programming (MP) by using a penalty function with objective parameters and constraint penalty parameter. First, the penalty function with objective parameters and constraint penalty parameter for MP and the corresponding unconstraint penalty optimization problem (UPOP) is defined. Under some conditions, a Pareto efficient solution (or a weakly-efficient solution) to UPOP is proved to be a Pareto efficient solution (or a weakly-efficient solution) to MP. The penalty function is proved to be exact under a stable condition. Then, we design an algorithm to solve MP and prove its convergence. Finally, numerical examples show that the algorithm may help decision makers to find a satisfactory solution to MP.
文摘This paper deals with the optimality conditions and dual theory of multi-objective programming problems involving generalized convexity. New classes of generalized type-I functions are introduced for arcwise connected functions, and examples are given to show the existence of these functions. By utilizing the new concepts, several sufficient optimality conditions and Mond-Weir type duality results are proposed for non-differentiable multi-objective programming problem.
文摘The 6-DOF manipulator provides a new option for traditional shipbuilding for its advantages of vast working space,low power consumption,and excellent flexibility.However,the rotation of the end effector along the tool axis is functionally redundant when using a robotic arm for five-axis machining.In the process of ship construction,the performance of the parts’protective coating needs to bemachined tomeet the Performance Standard of Protective Coatings(PSPC).The arbitrary redundancy configuration in path planning will result in drastic fluctuations in the robot joint angle,greatly reducing machining quality and efficiency.There have been some studies on singleobjective optimization of redundant variables,However,the quality and efficiency of milling are not affected by a single factor,it is usually influenced by several factors,such as the manipulator stiffness,the joint motion smoothness,and the energy consumption.To solve this problem,this paper proposed a new path optimization method for the industrial robot when it is used for five-axis machining.The path smoothness performance index and the energy consumption index are established based on the joint acceleration and the joint velocity,respectively.The path planning issue is formulated as a constrained multi-objective optimization problem by taking into account the constraints of joint limits and singularity avoidance.Then,the path is split into multiple segments for optimization to avoid the slow convergence rate caused by the high dimension.An algorithm combining the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm(NSGA-II)and the differential evolution(DE)algorithm is employed to solve the above optimization problem.The simulations validate the effectiveness of the algorithm,showing the improvement of smoothness and the reduction of energy consumption.
基金Project (No. K81077) supported by the Department of Automation, Xiamen University, China
文摘A vague-set-based fuzzy multi-objective decision making model is developed for evaluating bidding plans in a bid- ding purchase process. A group of decision-makers (DMs) first independently assess bidding plans according to their experience and preferences, and these assessments may be expressed as linguistic terms, which are then converted to fuzzy numbers. The resulting decision matrices are then transformed to objective membership grade matrices. The lower bound of satisfaction and upper bound of dissatisfaction are used to determine each bidding plan’s supporting, opposing, and neutral objective sets, which together determine the vague value of a bidding plan. Finally, a score function is employed to rank all bidding plans. A new score function based on vague sets is introduced in the model and a novel method is presented for calculating the lower bound of sat- isfaction and upper bound of dissatisfaction. In a vague-set-based fuzzy multi-objective decision making model, different valua- tions for upper and lower bounds of satisfaction usually lead to distinct ranking results. Therefore, it is crucial to effectively contain DMs’ arbitrariness and subjectivity when these values are determined.
文摘To assist readers to have a comprehensive understanding, the classical and intelligent methods roundly based on precursory research achievements are summarized in this paper. First, basic conception and description about multi-objective (MO) optimization are introduced. Then some definitions and related terminologies are given. Furthermore several MO optimization methods including classical and current intelligent methods are discussed one by one succinctly. Finally evaluations on advantages and disadvantages about these methods are made at the end of the paper.
基金supported by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior–Brasil (CAPES)–Finance Code 001the Postgraduate Programme in Forest Engineering of the Federal University of Lavras (PPGEF/UFLA)and Group of Optimization and Planning (GOPLAN/UFLA/LEMAF-Forest Management Research Lab)。
文摘Selective logging is well-recognized as an effective practice in sustainable forest management.However,the ecological efficiency or resilience of the residual stand is often in doubt.Recovery time depends on operational variables,diversity,and forest structure.Selective logging is excellent but is open to changes.This may be resolved by mathematical programming and this study integrates the economic-ecological aspects in multi-objective function by applying two evolutionary algorithms.The function maximizes remaining stand diversity,merchantable logs,and the inverse of distance between trees for harvesting and log landings points.The Brazilian rainforest database(566 trees)was used to simulate our 216-ha model.The log landing design has a maximum volume limit of 500 m3.The nondominated sorting genetic algorithm was applied to solve the main optimization problem.In parallel,a sub-problem(p-facility allocation)was solved for landing allocation by a genetic algorithm.Pareto frontier analysis was applied to distinguish the gradientsα-economic,β-ecological,andγ-equilibrium.As expected,the solutions have high diameter changes in the residual stand(average removal of approximately 16 m^(3) ha^(-1)).All solutions showed a grouping of trees selected for harvesting,although there was no formation of large clearings(percentage of canopy removal<7%,with an average of 2.5 ind ha^(-1)).There were no differences in floristic composition by preferentially selecting species with greater frequency in the initial stand for harvesting.This implies a lower impact on the demographic rates of the remaining stand.The methodology should support projects of reduced impact logging by using spatial-diversity information to guide better practices in tropical forests.
文摘AIM To define predictors of functional benefit of direct-acting antivirals(DAAs) in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection and liver cirrhosis.METHODS We analysed a cohort of 199 patients with chronic HCV genotype 1, 2, 3 and 4 infection involving previously treated and untreated patients with compensated(76%) and decompensated(24%) liver cirrhosis at two tertiary centres in Germany. Patients were included withtreatment initiation between February 2014 and August 2016. All patients received a combination regimen of one or more DAAs for either 12 or 24 wk. Predictors of functional benefit were assessed in a univariable as well as multivariable model by binary logistic regression analysis.RESULTS Viral clearance was achieved in 88%(175/199) of patients. Sustained virological response(SVR) 12 rates were as follows: among 156 patients with genotype 1 infection the SVR 12 rate was 90%(n = 141); among 7 patients with genotype 2 infection the SVR 12 rate was 57%(n = 4); among 30 patients with genotype 3 infection the SVR 12 rate was 87%(n = 26); and among 6 patients with genotype 4 infection the SVR 12 rate was 67%(n = 4). Follow-up MELD scores were available for 179 patients. A MELD score improvement was observed in 37%(65/179) of patients, no change of MELD score in 41%(74/179) of patients, and an aggravation was observed in 22%(40/179) of patients. We analysed predictors of functional benefit from antiviral therapy in our patients beyond viral eradication. We identified the Child-Pugh score, the MELD score, the number of platelets and the levels of albumin and bilirubin as significant factors for functional benefit.CONCLUSION Our data may contribute to the discussion of potential risks and benefits of antiviral therapy with individual patients infected with HCV and with advanced liver disease.
基金This work was financially supported by the Key Research and Development Project of Shandong Province(Grant No.2020CXGC010702).
文摘The shape and size optimization of brackets in hull structures was conducted to achieve the simultaneous reduction of mass and high stress,where the parametric finite element model was built based on Patran Command Language codes.The optimization procedure was executed on Isight platform,on which the linear dimensionless method was introduced to establish the weighted multi-objective function.The extreme processing method was applied and proved effective to normalize the objectives.The bracket was optimized under the typical single loads and design waves,accompanied by the different proportions of weights in the objective function,in which the safety factor function was further established,including yielding,buckling,and fatigue strength,and the weight minimization and safety maximization of the bracket were obtained.The findings of this study illustrate that the dimensionless objectives share equal contributions to the multi-objective function,which enhances the role of weights in the optimization.
基金Project (No. 60374028) supported by the National Natural ScienceFoundation of China
文摘Multi-objective robust state-feedback controller synthesis problems for linear discrete-time uncertain systems are addressed. Based on parameter-dependent Lyapunov functions, the Gl2 and GH2 norm expressed in terms of LMI (Linear Matrix Inequality) characterizations are further generalized to cope with the robust analysis for convex polytopic uncertain system. Robust state-feedback controller synthesis conditions are also derived for this class of uncertain systems. Using the above results, multi-objective state-feedback controller synthesis procedures which involve the LMI optimization technique are developed and less conservative than the existing one. An illustrative example verified the validity of the approach.
文摘Considering research on multi-objective optimization for reliability and performance suffering cost constraints in digital circuits,an improved multi-objective optimization algorithm based on performance and reliability was proposed to solve the problem of discrete system resources configuration in this paper. This algorithm used the particle-swarm optimization( PSO) to evaluate the tradeoffs configuration of the system resources between reliability and performance and proved the feasibility through the simulation.Finally, the information of resources configuration from optimization algorithm was used to effectively guide the system design so as to mitigate soft errors caused by single event effect( SEE).
文摘Gluten,the protein responsible for the superior viscoelastic properties of refined wheat flour dough over glutenfree cereals,causes celiac disease in people susceptible to gluten-allergy.Moreover,the sustainability of using wheat flour in baked foods is threatened by its high cost,especially in countries that depend on imported wheat for their bakery industry.Research has shown that hydrocolloids serve as gluten replacements in baked foods,in response to these challenges.Food hydrocolloids are a class of high-molecular weight polysaccharides and proteins,which serve as functional ingredients in the food industry that modify the foods’rheological and textural properties.They function as stabilizers,viscosity modifiers,gelling agents,water binders,fibres,and inhibitors of ice crystal in foods.Further,food hydrocolloids have also been reported to possess health-promoting properties,such as lowering of postprandial blood glucose and plasma cholesterol concentrations,colon cancer prevention,and modulation of intestinal transit and satiety.They are obtained from plants,animals or microorganisms,and can be used in their natural or modified forms.The aim of this paper is to review the functional benefits of natural and modified hydrocolloids as gluten replacements in baked foods,emphasizing their physicochemical,nutraceutical,and sensorial importance.The application effects of food hydrocolloids as gluten substitutes in gluten-free baked products’quality were discussed.Also,some practical approaches to improve the quality of gluten-free baked products,in response to an increasing consumers’demand and the rising cost of refined wheat flour were highlighted.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U1703105)the Zhejiang Provincial Key R&D Program of China(No.2019C02074)。
文摘Jujube(Ziziphus jujuba Mill.),a highly nutritious and functional fruit,is reported to have various health benefits and has been extensively planted worldwide,especially in China.Many studies have shown that bioactive components derived from jujube fruit have significant nutritional and potential biological effects.In this paper,the latest progress in research on major bioactive compounds obtained from jujube is reviewed,and the potential biological functions of jujube fruit resources are discussed.As a dietary supplement,jujube fruit is well recognized as a healthy food which contains a variety of bioactive substances,such as polysaccharides,polyphenols,amino acids,nucleotides,fatty acids,dietary fiber,alkaloids,and other nutrients.These nutrients and non-nutritive phytochemicals obtained from jujube fruit have physiological functions including anticancer,antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,anti-hyperlipidemic,anti-hyperglycemic,immunoregulatory,neuroprotective,sedative,and antiviral functions.Of note is that new constituents,including alkaloids,dietary fiber,and other bioactive substances,as well as the antiviral,hypoglycemic,lipid-lowering,and neuroprotective effects of jujube fruit,are systematically reviewed here for the first time.Meanwhile,problems affecting the exploitation of jujube fruit resources are discussed and further research directions proposed.Therefore,this review provides a useful bibliography for the future development of jujube-based products and the utilization of jujube nutritional components in functional foods.
文摘Workload balancing in cloud computing is not yet resolved,particularly considering Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)in the cloud network.The problem of being underloaded or overloaded should not occur at the time of the server or host accessing the cloud which may lead to create system crash problem.Thus,to resolve these existing problems,an efficient task scheduling algorithm is required for distributing the tasks over the entire feasible resources,which is termed load balancing.The load balancing approach assures that the entire Virtual Machines(VMs)are utilized appropriately.So,it is highly essential to develop a load-balancing model in a cloud environment based on machine learning and optimization strategies.Here,the computing and networking data is utilized for the analysis to observe the traffic as well as performance patterns.The acquired data is offered to the machine learning decision to select the right server by predicting the performance effectively by employing an Optimal Kernel-based Extreme Learning Machine(OK-ELM)and their parameter is tuned by the developed hybrid approach Population Size-based Mud Ring Tunicate Swarm Algorithm(PS-MRTSA).Further,effective scheduling is performed to resolve the load balancing issues by employing the developed model MR-TSA.Here,the developed approach effectively resolves the multi-objective constraints such as Response time,Resource cost,and energy consumption.Thus,the recommended load balancing model securesan enhanced performance rate than the traditional approaches over several experimental analyses.
文摘In this study, Siwi roasted date seeds (pits) as a by-product of the date factories were used in powder form for ice cream fortification to produce a new product with coffee</span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">-</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">like flavor. Also</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> this product possesses functional, nutritional and health benefits as it contains, minerals, phenolic compounds and <span>possess antioxidant activity. Six ice cream mixes were prepared</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">:</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> plain ice</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> cream <span>without additives (control),<b> </b>five<b> </b>ice cream treatments supplemented with</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">powder <span>of the Nescafé (3%), Coffee (3%) and Roasted Date Seeds Powder (RDSP</span>) with ratio of 3</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">%</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">, 4</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">%</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> and 5%, respectively. The results showed that increasing the added percentage of Roasted Date Seeds Powder (RDSP) to the ice cream mixes leads to an increase in the total solids, fibers, total nitrogen and ash content of the final product. It also increases viscosity, specific gravity, weight <span>per gallon and increase the depression of</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">freezing point of the mixes. The</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> overrun and melting resis</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">tance <span>of the final ice cream also increased compared with </span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">control. The sensory</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> <span>evaluation was improved by adding RDSP comparing to control. So in this</span> <span>study</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> it is recommended </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">to </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">us</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">e</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> RDSP as </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">the </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">source of minerals and </span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">health-promoting for ice cream making</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">,</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> as it contain</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:"">s</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> bioactive</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:""> compounds and also gives the ice cream desirable color and coffee-like flavor, but free of caffeine.
基金Sponsored by National Key Research and Development Project(2016YFD0300208)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41661070)+2 种基金Consulting Research Project of Chinese Academy of Engineering(2017-XZ-28)Key Research and Development Project of Jiangxi Province(20161BBF60058)Soft Science Research Program in Jiangxi Province(20133BBA10005)
文摘At present,the whole country is fully implementing rural revitalization strategy and actively promoting rural ecosystems development in China.From the perspective of ecology and agroecology,the main functions of rural ecosystem in China,the current outstanding problems,and the corresponding countermeasures and measures are discussed in the paper,in order to provide references for promoting the implementation of the strategy of rural revitalization and the sustainable development of rural ecosystem.China’s rural ecosystem has multi-functions such as carrying population,improving environment,providing products,increasing income,expanding employment and tourism,inheriting culture,popularizing science and technology,educating people,training talents,and providing places for the aged urban residents.Currently,there are still many problems and challenges in rural ecosystem in China,such as ecological destruction,waste of resources,environmental pollution,natural disasters,economic poverty,backward science and education,laggard culture and medical care,lack of public services,bad social morality,loss of villagers and disappearance of villages.In order to promote implementation of rural revitalization strategy and to promote sustainable development of rural ecosystems in China,the following measures should be taken based on the principles of integrating “tri-benefits”(economic,ecological and social benefits),gradual progress,comprehensive governance,adaptation to local conditions and long-term efforts and success.Eventually,the following measures are suggested:① enhancing awareness;② planning well;③ improving environment;④ optimizing ecological structure;⑤ improving ecological functions;⑥ improving ecological conditions;⑦ strengthening public services;⑧ improving laws and regulations;⑨ improving great investment;⑩ accelerating personnel training.
文摘Agroecosystem functional assessment indicators provide a necessary bridge between decision makers and scientists. The development of acceptable indicators, however, remains a difficult task because the current knowledge and understanding of ecosystems is not sufficient to allow an objective assessment of all ecosystem functions. These difficulties were summarized from three perspectives. First, there are difficulties in individual function assessment. Of the four functions associated with agroecosystems energy flow, materials cycling, information flow and value flow data on material cycling and information flow remain difficult to obtain and the indicators relatively immature. Secondly, there are difficulties of integration. During the assessment process, the integration of the agroecosystem functions remains the biggest obstacle. Until now, there has been no practical or effective methodology established to resolve the problem. At present, the makeshift approach has been to weight the various indicators and then add them together. Thirdly, there is the problem of obscure concepts and concept confusion. When assessments of agroecosystems are conducted, concepts such as structure, function, benefit, and resource utilization are used extensively. To date, no logical relationship(either real or implied) has been developed between any of these concepts. Are they causes and results such that the relationship between them is linear, or are they independent from one another such that the relationship is parallel? Thus far, the essence of this question is yet to be explored.
