The analysis of the ejaculate,better known as spermiogram,represents the first and main step to identify whether a series of sperm quality parameters are within the norm and therefore are consistent with normal sperm ...The analysis of the ejaculate,better known as spermiogram,represents the first and main step to identify whether a series of sperm quality parameters are within the norm and therefore are consistent with normal sperm fertilizing capacity.Among these,sperm concentration and motility are the first parameters to be evaluated through an estimation carried out by expert examiners.展开更多
Triclocarban(TCC)is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial widely used in various personal care products,textiles,and children’s toys.TCC has potential reproductive and developmental toxicity in animals.However,little is kno...Triclocarban(TCC)is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial widely used in various personal care products,textiles,and children’s toys.TCC has potential reproductive and developmental toxicity in animals.However,little is known regarding the effect of TCC on human sperm function.In this study,an in vitro assay was used to investigate the effects of TCC on normal human spermatozoa and the possible underlying mechanisms involved.Semen from healthy male donors was collected and cultured in complete Biggers,Whitten and Whittingham(BWW)and low-sugar BWW media,followed by treatment with TCC at concentrations of 0,0.1μmol l^(−1),1μmol l^(−1),10μmol l^(−1),and 100μmol l^(−1) for 4 h.TCC was found to reduce the sperm total motility and progressive motility.Moreover,the sperm kinematic parameters,straight-line velocity(VSL),average path velocity(VAP),and curvilinear velocity(VCL)were affected in a dose-dependent manner.After treatment with TCC at the lowest effective concentration of 10μmol l^(−1),TCC caused a significant decrease in mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate(ATP)production and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and a significant increase in reactive oxygen species(ROS),similar to the observations with the positive control carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone(FCCP),suggesting that TCC may decrease sperm motility by affecting the oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)pathway.In a sugar-free and low-sugar BWW culture environment,TCC enhanced the damaging effect on sperm motility and ATP,MMP,and lactate decreased significantly,suggesting that TCC may also affect the glycolytic pathway that supplies energy to spermatozoa.This study demonstrates a possible mechanism of TCC toxicity in spermatozoa involving both the OXPHOS and glycolysis pathways.展开更多
Zhang et al delivered a paradigm-shifting understanding of electroacupuncture(EA)’s action in diabetic gastroparesis through a well-defined vagal pathway.Their work bridged traditional acupuncture and modern neurogas...Zhang et al delivered a paradigm-shifting understanding of electroacupuncture(EA)’s action in diabetic gastroparesis through a well-defined vagal pathway.Their work bridged traditional acupuncture and modern neurogastroenterology,highlighting EA as a viable strategy for refractory diabetic gastroparesis.The study integrated electrophysiology(gastric slow-wave recordings),functional assays(phenol red gastric emptying,and intestinal propulsion),dynamic positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging,histopathology,and molecular biology(Western blot,immunofluorescence,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).This comprehensive approach robustly confirmed EA’s efficacy in restoring gastric motility,interstitial cells of Cajal function,and neuropeptide balance.Future studies should prioritize clinical translation and explore synergies with pharmacological agents.展开更多
According to the World Health Organization(WHO)manual,sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer,while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment.However,in China,thous...According to the World Health Organization(WHO)manual,sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer,while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment.However,in China,thousands of laboratories do not use the improved Neubauer hemocytometer or method;instead,the Makler counting chamber is one of the most widely used chambers.To study sources of error that could impact the measurement of the apparent concentration and motility of sperm using the Makler counting chamber and to verify its accuracy for clinical application,67 semen samples from patients attending the Department of Andrology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University(Chengdu,China)between 13 September 2023 and 27 September 2023,were included.Compared with applying the cover glass immediately,delaying the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in average increases in the sperm concentration of 30.3%,74.1%,and 107.5%,respectively(all P<0.0001)and in the progressive motility(PR)of 17.7%,30.8%,and 39.6%,respectively(all P<0.0001).However,when the semen specimens were fixed with formaldehyde,a delay in the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in an average increase in the sperm concentration of 6.7%,10.8%,and 14.6%,respectively,compared with immediate application of the cover glass.The accumulation of motile sperm due to delays in the application of the cover glass is a significant source of error with the Makler counting chamber and should be avoided.展开更多
In a recent publication in Nature,Zhou and colleagues identified cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP),a canonical phosphodiesterase 5(PDE5)substrate,as a key modulator of dendritic cell(DC)interstitial motility throug...In a recent publication in Nature,Zhou and colleagues identified cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP),a canonical phosphodiesterase 5(PDE5)substrate,as a key modulator of dendritic cell(DC)interstitial motility through Rho kinase(ROCK)-dependent modulation of myosin-II activity.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastric motility is an essential gastrointestinal function.It can be influenced by age,gender,body composition,and metabolic status.However,published data on these associations remains limited.AIM To assess...BACKGROUND Gastric motility is an essential gastrointestinal function.It can be influenced by age,gender,body composition,and metabolic status.However,published data on these associations remains limited.AIM To assess the relationship between gastric motility and adiposity,and metabolic indicators in a cohort of Sri Lankan office workers.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 office workers(58.5%females)aged 20-50 years(mean 36.81,SD 8.85 years)of the University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka.Gastric motility was assessed by real-time ultrasonography,using a previously validated method.Fasting antral area(FAA),postprandial antral areas at 1 minutes and 15 minutes(AA1,AA15),and antral contraction frequency(FAC)were measured,and gastric emptying rate(GER)and antral motility index were calculated.Anthropometric parameters were obtained using sensitive scales.Glycated hemoglobin,lipid profile,and liver enzyme levels were measured at an accredited laboratory.RESULTS The mean body mass index(BMI)was 24.36(SD 4.09)kg/m^(2),and 39.2%were overweight or obese.Increased abdominal adiposity was detected in 29.2%and 40.8%had high waist-to-hip ratios.Prediabetes/diabetes were observed in 20.0%,hypercholesterolemia in 47.7%,hypertriglyceridemia in 14.7%,high low-density lipoproteins in 39.2%,and elevated aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase in 5.4%and 21.5%respectively.FAA had a weak negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein level(r=-0.227,P=0.009),and a positive correlation with waist circumference(r=0.235,P=0.007),and waist-to-hip ratio(r=0.244,P=0.005).GER and AA1 correlated weakly with triglyceride(GER:r=0.174,P=0.048;AA1:r=0.194,P=0.027)and VLDL levels(GER:r=0.183,P=0.038;AA1:r=0.195,P=0.026).In females,AA1 positively correlated with triglycerides(r=0.333,P=0.003),and VLDL levels(r=0.337,P=0.003),and AA15 with BMI(r=0.284,P=0.013)and hip circumference(r=0.229,P=0.047).FAC negatively correlated with BMI(r=-0.234,P=0.042)and hip circumference(r=-0.247,P=0.032).CONCLUSION Gastric motility parameters showed weak associations with metabolic indicators,particularly lipid profiles,and to a lesser extent,with adiposity indicators.The greater number of correlations observed in females suggests the possibility of sex-specific differences in these associations.These findings highlight potential relationships that require confirmation through longitudinal studies.展开更多
Objective Abnormal gastrointestinal motility plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).Although electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated efficacy in FD treatment,its precise mechanism remains ...Objective Abnormal gastrointestinal motility plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).Although electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated efficacy in FD treatment,its precise mechanism remains unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the specific mechanism through which EA improves gastrointestinal motility in FD.Methods Physiological indices,including body weight,food intake,gastrointestinal motility,and gastrointestinal morphology,were utilized to assess the FD model in rats.EA interventions were applied at meridian points,as well as non-meridian points and non-acupoints,in FD model rats.The effects of EA at zusanli(ST36)and taichong(LR3)on gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats were elucidated using gastrointestinal motility test indices.Techniques such as Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence were employed to determine the specific mechanisms by which EA improved gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats.Results Multifactorial stress intervention could be used to effectively establish an FD rat model.EA at ST36 and LR3 significantly improved gastrointestinal motility.Furthermore,EA at ST36 and LR3 upregulated the protein expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),GDNF family receptor alpha 1(GFRα1),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),and protein kinase B(Akt),along with their mRNA expression levels and the number of enteric glial cells(EGCs).Conclusions EA was capable of increasing the number of EGCs by activating the GDNF/GFRα1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,thereby improving gastrointestinal motility in FD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)dysfunction is common after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and affects rehabilitation.While conventional treatments can alleviate symptoms to a certain extent,they o...BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)dysfunction is common after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and affects rehabilitation.While conventional treatments can alleviate symptoms to a certain extent,they often fail to fully address the issue of insufficient GI motility.The GI motility therapeutic apparatus promotes dynamic recovery by simulating GI electric waves,whereas acupuncture regulates zang-fu qi movement,both offering effective interventions.However,there are few clinical studies investigating the combined use of GI motility therapy and acupuncture to promote GI function recovery in patients after GI laparoscopic radical surgery.AIM To evaluate the effects of combining GI motility therapy devices with acupuncture on GI function in patients undergoing radical laparoscopic surgery.METHODS This retrospective study included 196 patients who underwent radical GI endoscopic surgery at the Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center),School of Medicine,Tongji University,from June 2022 to May 2024.Patients were classified into a normal group(conventional treatment,n=96)and an integrated group(conventional+GI motility therapy device+acupuncture,n=100).The effects on GI function,hormone levels preand post-treatment,GI symptoms,immune function,adverse reactions,and patient satisfaction in both groups were assessed.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the integrated group demonstrated significantly better overall effectiveness(93.00%vs 84.3%;P<0.05)and shorter durations for first exhaust,feeding,defecation,and hospital stay(P<0.05).Post-treatment,the integrated group had lower gastrin and GI symptom rating scale scores and higher motilin,vasoactive intestinal peptide,and immune marker(CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,and natural killer cells)levels(P<0.05).The integrated group,compared to the normal group,also reported fewer adverse reactions(5.00%vs 14.58%)and higher patient satisfaction(97.00%vs 84.38%),both statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of a GI motility therapy device and acupuncture promotes GI function recovery after radical gastrectomy,regulates GI hormones and immune function,and is safe and effective.展开更多
BACKGROUND Diabetic gastroparesis(DGP),characterized by delayed gastric emptying and impaired motility,poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its complex neural and molecular pathophysiology.Emerging evidence...BACKGROUND Diabetic gastroparesis(DGP),characterized by delayed gastric emptying and impaired motility,poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its complex neural and molecular pathophysiology.Emerging evidence suggests that electroacupuncture(EA)at ST36 modulates gastrointestinal function;however,the precise neuromolecular pathways underlying its efficacy in DGP remain incompletely defined.AIM To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying EA at ST36 improving DGP gastric motility through the nucleus tractus solitarius(NTS)-vagal axis.METHODS The DGP model was established via a single high-dose intraperitoneal injection of 2%streptozotocin combined with an 8-week high-sugar/high-fat diet.Interventions included EA at ST36,pharmacological modulation[choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)agonist polygalacic acid(PA)and inhibitor antagonist alpha-NETA],and subdiaphragmatic vagotomy.Post-intervention observations included body weight and blood glucose levels.Gastric emptying was evaluated using phenol red assays,gastric slow-wave recordings,and dynamic positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging.Histopathological analysis(hematoxylineosin staining)and molecular assessments(Western blot,immunofluorescence)were performed to quantify gastric smooth muscle-associated factors[neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS),cluster of differentiation 117(C-kit),stem cell factor(SCF)]and vagal targets[ChAT,α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR)]in the ST36 acupoint region,L4-L6 spinal segments,and NTS.Gastrointestinal peptides[gastrin(Gas),motilin(MLT)and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)]were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS The study found that EA significantly increased the rate of gastric emptying,restored the slow-wave rhythms of the stomach,and improved the architecture of the smooth muscles in the stomach.This was evidenced by a reduction in inflammatory infiltration and an increase in the expression of nNOS,C-kit,and SCF.Mechanistically,EA activated vagal targets(ChAT andα7nAChR)at ST36,transmitting signals via spinal segments L4-L6 to the NTS,subsequently regulating gastrointestinal peptides(Gas,MLT,VIP)and restoring interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs)function via subdiaphragmatic vagal efferent pathways.It is crucial to note that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy led to the abrogation of EA-induced enhancements in gastric motility and ICC recovery,thereby confirming the indispensable role of vagal efferent signalling.CONCLUSION EA provides a novel molecular mechanism for improving gastrointestinal motility in DGP via a peripheral stimulation(ST36),spinal afferent(L4-L6),brainstem integration(NTS),vagal efferent(gastric)circuit.展开更多
BACKGROUND Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers,yet the underlying reasons remain unclear.Gastrointestinal motility,a key pat...BACKGROUND Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers,yet the underlying reasons remain unclear.Gastrointestinal motility,a key pathophysiological factor in functional gastrointestinal disorders,may be influenced by body mass index(BMI).AIM To evaluate the impact of BMI on gastric motility parameters in children with functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs).METHODS We assessed gastric motility in 176 children with FAPDs(61.4%females,mean age 7.94 years,SD 1.96 years)and 63 healthy controls(57.1%females,mean age 9.17 years,SD 1.90 years)at the Gastroenterology Research Laboratory,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka.FAPDs were diagnosed and subtyped using the Rome IV criteria:Functional abdominal pain 97 patients;irritable bowel syndrome 39 patients,functional dyspepsia(FD)25 patients;and abdominal migraine 15 patients.Gastric motility was measured using a validated ultrasound method.Weight and height were measured using sensitive standard scales.RESULTS The BMIs of children with FAPDs and controls were 15.04 and 15.46 kg/m^(2),respectively(P=0.33).Fasting antral area(FAA)and antral area at 1 min(AA1)and 15 min(AA15)were significantly greater in patients with FAPD with a higher BMI(2.71 cm^(2),12.57 cm^(2),and 7.19 cm^(2),respectively)compared with those with a lower BMI(2.12 cm^(2),10.68 cm^(2),and 6.13 cm^(2),respectively)(P<0.01).BMI positively correlated with FAA and AA15(r=0.18 and r=0.19,respectively)(P<0.01)in those with FAPDs.In controls,only AA1 was greater in the higher BMI group(12.51 cm^(2)vs 9.93 cm^(2))and had a positive correlation(r=0.33)(P≤0.01).Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients with FD,BMI negatively correlated with gastric emptying rate(GER)(r=-0.59)and antral motility index(MI)(r=-0.49),while in functional abdominal pain,MI positively correlated(r=0.25)with BMI(P≤0.01).CONCLUSION In children with FAPDs,higher BMI was associated with increased gastric antral distention during fasting and postprandial periods(as indicated by FAA,AA1,and AA15)but not with contractility and transit(MI,GER).However,in the FD subgroup,high BMI correlated with reduced GER and MI.This indicates the possible role of BMI in gastric hypomotility and the pathophysiology of FD.These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle and dietary interventions aimed at optimizing BMI in the management of FAPDs,particularly FD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Colonic motility dysfunction is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis(UC),significantly affecting patients’quality of life.Evidence suggests that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)plays a r...BACKGROUND Colonic motility dysfunction is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis(UC),significantly affecting patients’quality of life.Evidence suggests that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)plays a role in restoring colonic function.AIM To investigate whether GDNF enhances aberrant colonic motility in mice with experimental colitis via connexin 43(Cx43).METHODS An experimental colitis model was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using dextran sodium sulfate(DSS).The measurement of colonic transit time was conducted,and colon tissues were evaluated through transmission electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin staining.The mice were treated with exogenous GDNF and Gap 19,a selective Cx43 inhibitor.The Cx43 and GDNF levels were detected via immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.The levels of inflammatory markers,including interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and C-reactive protein,were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Experimental colitis was successfully induced using DSS,and the findings exhibited that the colonic transit time was significantly delayed in colitis mice relative to the UC group(P<0.01).GDNF treatment improved colonic transit time and alleviated intestinal inflammation in DSS-induced colitis mice(P<0.05).In the UC+Gap19+GDNF group,colitis symptoms,colonic transit time,and inflammatory marker levels remained comparable to those in the UC group,indicating that the therapeutic effects of GDNF in UC mice were blocked by Gap 19.CONCLUSION GDNF improves colonic motility in mice with experimental colitis through a partially Cx43-mediated mechanism.GDNF holds promise as a therapeutic option for improving colonic motility in patients with colitis.展开更多
This letter comments on a study linking metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),vitamin D3,and severe gastric autonomic neuropathy(diabetic gastric motility disorders)in type 2 diabetes mellitu...This letter comments on a study linking metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),vitamin D3,and severe gastric autonomic neuropathy(diabetic gastric motility disorders)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).We question the necessity of excluding patients with severe cataract(unable to complete fundus exams),as the focus on T2DM-MASLD correlation may render other T2DM complications less relevant.We emphasize vitamin D3’s multifaceted relevance:It associates with T2DM(high-dose supplementation reduces onset risk),MASLD(serum levels predict risk),smooth muscle function,immunity,and T2DM-related fractures via advanced glycation end products.We propose correlating MASLD severity with vitamin D3 levels and diabetic gastric motility disorders in validation analyses(e.g.,correlation,area under the curve)to refine factor analysis.Additionally,based on the authors’note of vitamin D3-tryptophan metabolism links,we call for deeper integration of metabolic pathways to clarify vitamin D3’s role in smooth muscle electrophysiology,leveraging the team’s prior research insights.展开更多
Objective To observe the effects on functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor treated with electroacupuncture. Methods Twenty-nine cases of functional gastrointestinal mo...Objective To observe the effects on functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor treated with electroacupuncture. Methods Twenty-nine cases of functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor were randomized into electroacupuncture group （19 cases） and control group （10 cases）. In electroacupuncture group, routine treatment after gastrointestinal operation and electroacupucture treatment were applied, Zusanli （足三里 ST 36）, Shangjuxu （上巨虚 ST 37）, Xiajuxu （下巨虚 ST 39） and Hegu （合谷 LI 4） were applied with electroacupuncture; in control group, the routine treatment after gastrointestinal operation was only applied. Anus exhaust, defecation, abdominal distension, stomachache, amount of gastrointestinal decompression drainage and changes of borborygmus were observed in two groups. Results Anus exhaust, defecation, abdominal distension, stomachache, amount of gastrointestinal decompression drainage and changes of borborygmus were relieved in two groups; and the effects of abdominal distension, anus exhaust, defecation, amount of gastrointestinal decompression drainage and borborygmus in electroacupuncture group were superior to those in control group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion For the functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor, the theraputic effect of electroacupuncture combined with routine treatment after operation is better than the routine treatment after operation.展开更多
Gastrointestinal(GI) dysmotility is a common problemin the critically ill population. It can be a reflection and an early sign of patient deterioration or it can be an independent cause of morbidity and mortality. GI ...Gastrointestinal(GI) dysmotility is a common problemin the critically ill population. It can be a reflection and an early sign of patient deterioration or it can be an independent cause of morbidity and mortality. GI dysmotility can be divided for clinical purposes on upper GI dysmotility and lower GI dysmotility. Upper GI dysmotility manifests by nausea, feeding intolerance and vomiting; its implications include aspiration into the airway of abdominal contents and underfeeding. Several strategies to prevent and treat this condition can be tried and they include prokinetics and post-pyloric feeds. It is important to note that upper GI dysmotility should be treated only when there are clinical signs of intolerance(nausea, vomiting) and not based on measurement of gastric residual volumes. Lower GI dysmotility manifests throughout the spectrum of ileus and diarrhea. Ileus can present in the small bowel and the large bowel as well. In both scenarios the initial treatment is correction of electrolyte abnormalities, avoiding drugs that can decrease motility and patient mobilization. When this fails, in the case of small bowel ileus, lactulose and polyethylene glycol solutions can be useful. In the case of colonic pseudo obstruction, neostigmine, endoscopic decompression and cecostomy can be tried when the situation reaches the risk of rupture. Diarrhea is also a common manifestation of GI dysmotility and the most important step is to differentiate between infectious sources and non-infectious sources.展开更多
This study aims to investigate the protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 on the total motility and progressive motility of human spermatozoa.Semen samples with normal parameters were collected from 23 males and supple...This study aims to investigate the protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 on the total motility and progressive motility of human spermatozoa.Semen samples with normal parameters were collected from 23 males and supplemented with different concentrations of peroxiredoxin 6.All the semen samples were measured according to the WHO 5th manual,and the motile spermatozoa were extracted using IVF fertilization medium supplemented with different peroxiredoxin 6 concentrations.Total motility and progressive motility were observed at different time-points of culture at room temperature.After peroxiredoxin 6 supplementation,all groups had a significant increase in total motility and progressive motility compared to the control group.The difference in total motility and progressive motility between the 0 and 10−7 mM groups was observed at 24 and 48 h of culture at room temperature.At 24 h,the total motility increased by 30%in the control group(16.03±11.91 vs.11.51±7.84),and progressive motility increased by 21%(10.53±9.4 vs.8.31±6.04).A similar trend was observed in the 48 h group.In addition,we also found that peroxiredoxin 6 had a well protective effect on sperm kinetic parameters at 10−7 mM.The findings of this study suggest that peroxiredoxin 6 can enhance sperm total motility and progressive motility in IVF fertilization medium.Peroxiredoxin 6 may have potential benefits for sperm preparation in assisted reproductive technology.展开更多
BACKGROUND Recently,a technique has been developed to use magnetic resonance enterography(MRE)for the evaluation of small bowel motility.The hypothesis was that assessment of the motility index(MI)should reflect diffe...BACKGROUND Recently,a technique has been developed to use magnetic resonance enterography(MRE)for the evaluation of small bowel motility.The hypothesis was that assessment of the motility index(MI)should reflect differences in motility between clinical conditions.AIM To aim of the present observational,cross-sectional study was to evaluate the use of the MI in daily clinical practice.METHODS All consecutive patients aged 18-70 years who were referred for MRE at the Department of Radiology during a 2-year period were asked to participate.Healthy volunteers were included as controls.MRE was prepared and conducted in accordance with clinical routines.On the day of examination,all the participants had to complete the visual analog scale for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and IBS-symptom severity scale.Maps of MI were calculated from dynamic MR images.ANOVA was used to evaluate differences in MI between groups,classified as healthy,Crohn’s disease,ulcerative colitis,IBS,other assorted disorders and dysmotility.Logistic and linear regression were applied to the MI values.All medical records were scrutinized for medical history.RESULTS In all,224 examinations were included(inclusion prevalence 76.3%),with 22 controls and 202 patients.There was a significant difference in the MI of the jejunum(P=0.021)and terminal ileum(P=0.007)between the different groups.The MI was inversely associated with the mural thickness of the terminal ileum in men(P<0.001)and women(P=0.063)after adjustments,and tended to be lower in men than in women(P=0.056).Subjectively observed reduction of motility on MRI was accomplished by reduced MI of terminal ileum in men(P<0.001)and women(P=0.030).In women,diarrhea was inversely associated with the MI of the jejunum(P=0.029),and constipation was positively associated with the MI of the terminal ileum(P=0.039).CONCLUSION Although MIs differ across diseases,a lower MI of the terminal ileum is mainly associated with male sex and an increased mural thickness.Symptoms are weakly associated with the MI.展开更多
BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux is associated with poorer outcomes after lung transplant,likely through recurrent aspiration and allograft injury.Although prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between impe...BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux is associated with poorer outcomes after lung transplant,likely through recurrent aspiration and allograft injury.Although prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between impedance-pH results and transplant outcomes,the role of esophageal manometry in the assessment of lung transplant patients remains debated,and the impact of esophageal dysmotility on transplant outcomes is unclear.Of particular interest is ineffective esophageal motility(IEM)and its associated impact on esophageal clearance.AIM To assess the relationship between pre-transplant IEM diagnosis and acute rejection after lung transplantation.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of lung transplant recipients at a tertiary care center between 2007 and 2018.Patients with pre-transplant anti-reflux surgery were excluded.Manometric and reflux diagnoses were recorded from pre-transplant esophageal function testing.Time-to-event analysis using Cox proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate outcome of first episode of acute cellular rejection,defined histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines.Subjects not meeting this endpoint were censored at time of post-transplant anti-reflux surgery,last clinic visit,or death.Fisher’s exact test for binary variables and student’s t-test for continuous variables were performed to assess for differences between groups.RESULTS Of 184 subjects(54%men,mean age:58,follow-up:443 person-years)met criteria for inclusion.Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis represented the predominant pulmonary diagnosis(41%).During the follow-up period,60 subjects(33.5%)developed acute rejection.The all-cause mortality was 16.3%.Time-to-event univariate analyses demonstrated significant association between IEM and acute rejection[hazard ratio(HR):1.984,95%CI:1.03-3.30,P=0.04],confirmed on Kaplan-Meier curve.On multivariable analysis,IEM remained independently associated with acute rejection,even after controlling for potential confounders such as the presence of acid and nonacid reflux(HR:2.20,95%CI:1.18-4.11,P=0.01).Nonacid reflux was also independently associated with acute rejection on both univariate(HR:2.16,95%CI:1.26-3.72,P=0.005)and multivariable analyses(HR:2.10,95%CI:1.21-3.64,P=0.009),adjusting for the presence of IEM.CONCLUSION Pre-transplant IEM was associated with acute rejection after transplantation,even after controlling for acid and nonacid reflux.Esophageal motility testing may be considered in lung transplant to predict outcomes.展开更多
Disorders of esophageal motility have been described in patients with cirrhosis in a small number of studies.In this review,we aim to provide an overview of the available evidence on esophageal motility disorders in c...Disorders of esophageal motility have been described in patients with cirrhosis in a small number of studies.In this review,we aim to provide an overview of the available evidence on esophageal motility disorders in cirrhosis and their clinical implications.This review delves into the following concepts:(1)Gastroesophageal reflux disease is common in liver cirrhosis due to many mechanisms;however,when symptomatic it is usually nocturnal and has an atypical presentation;(2)Endoscopic band ligation is better than sclerotherapy in terms of its effect on esophageal motility and seems to correct dysmotilities resulting from the mechanical effect of esophageal varices;(3)Chronic alcoholism has no major effects on esophageal motility activity other than lower esophageal sphincter hypertension among those with alcoholic autonomic neuropathy;(4)An association between primary biliary cholangitis and scleroderma can be present and esophageal hypomotility is not uncommon in this scenario;and(5)Cyclosporin-based immunosuppression in liver transplant patients can have a neurotoxic effect on the esophageal myenteric plexus leading to reversible achalasia-like manifestations.展开更多
Objective To investigate the expression of motilin-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus and the effect of central administration of erythromycin （EM） on the regulation of gastric motility in diabetic rats. Met...Objective To investigate the expression of motilin-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus and the effect of central administration of erythromycin （EM） on the regulation of gastric motility in diabetic rats. Methods The motilin immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry with rabbit anti-motilin polyclonal antibody. To measure the gastric motility, force transducers were surgically affixed to the gastric serosa. A microinjection syringe was connected via a plastic tube to an injection cannula, which was connected with a stainless steel guide cannula. The syringe was inserted into the right lateral cerebral ventricle for microinjecting the chemicals. Results Diabetic mellitus was successfully induced in cohorts of rats. Motilin-immunoreactive neurons significantly increased in the paraventricular （PVN） and supraoptic nuclei （SON） of the hypothalamus in the diabetic rats. Intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） administration of EM, a motilin receptor agonist, stimulated the gastric motility of diabetic rats. EM （91.56 nmol, i.c.v.） dose-dependently increased the amplitude by （174.82±48.62）% （P 〈 0.05）, and increased the frequency by （70.43±27.11）% （P 〈 0.05） in 5 min. The stimulatory effect lasted more than 15 min to the end of the measurement, and can be blocked partially by the prior treatment of motilin receptor antagonist GM-109. Conclusion Motilin-immunoreactive neurons are increased in the PVN and SON of the hypothalamus in diabetic rats. Centrally administered EM may regulate gastric motility by binding to the central motilin receptors, and central motilin might be involved in regulation of gastric motility in diabetic rats.展开更多
Background: Previous studies on fasting and gastrointestinal motility were reported with information lacking concerning prolonged continuous fasting and gastrointestinal motility. This study investigated the effect of...Background: Previous studies on fasting and gastrointestinal motility were reported with information lacking concerning prolonged continuous fasting and gastrointestinal motility. This study investigated the effect of prolonged fasting duration on gastrointestinal motility. Methods: Forty-five (45) male Wistar rats, with body weights between 180 - 200 g were used. They were randomly assigned into three (3) groups. Group1: control (rats fasted for 18 h—common duration of fasting for motility studies), groups 2 and 3 fasted for 48 and 72 h respectively. Five (5) rats per experiment and per group were considered. Blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase method, gastric emptying was assessed by hydrated carbohydrate meal, intestinal motility by charcoal meal, and colonic motility was assessed using bead test. Data were reported in Mean ± SEM and analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Differences in results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no significant change in the blood glucose level (mmol/L) of rats in the 48 h group (2.94 ± 0.35) and 72 h group (3.20 ± 0.32) as compared with the control (3.62 ± 0.19). There was a significant decrease in the rate of gastric emptying (g) in the 72 h group (0.20 ± 0.08) compared with the control (0.64 ± 0.16). The intestinal transit (cm) in the 48 h group (67.54 ± 6.15) and 72 h group (72.10 ± 7.60) increased significantly when compared with the control (42.14 ± 3.14). There was a significant decrease in the colonic motility time (Sec.) in the 48 h group (2707 ± 864.1) and 72 h group (6363 ± 968.1) when compared with the control (263.8 ± 64.26). Conclusion: Extended fasting durations decrease the rate of gastric emptying and colonic motility. It suggests that extended fasting durations could be beneficial in intestinal spasms or where the gut is required to relax.展开更多
文摘The analysis of the ejaculate,better known as spermiogram,represents the first and main step to identify whether a series of sperm quality parameters are within the norm and therefore are consistent with normal sperm fertilizing capacity.Among these,sperm concentration and motility are the first parameters to be evaluated through an estimation carried out by expert examiners.
基金supported by Non-Profit Central Research Institute Fund of National Research Institute for Family Planning(No.2022GJZD01 and No.2022GJZD0101)Jiangxi Provincial Health Commission Science and Technology Program(No.202410288).
文摘Triclocarban(TCC)is a broad-spectrum antimicrobial widely used in various personal care products,textiles,and children’s toys.TCC has potential reproductive and developmental toxicity in animals.However,little is known regarding the effect of TCC on human sperm function.In this study,an in vitro assay was used to investigate the effects of TCC on normal human spermatozoa and the possible underlying mechanisms involved.Semen from healthy male donors was collected and cultured in complete Biggers,Whitten and Whittingham(BWW)and low-sugar BWW media,followed by treatment with TCC at concentrations of 0,0.1μmol l^(−1),1μmol l^(−1),10μmol l^(−1),and 100μmol l^(−1) for 4 h.TCC was found to reduce the sperm total motility and progressive motility.Moreover,the sperm kinematic parameters,straight-line velocity(VSL),average path velocity(VAP),and curvilinear velocity(VCL)were affected in a dose-dependent manner.After treatment with TCC at the lowest effective concentration of 10μmol l^(−1),TCC caused a significant decrease in mitochondrial adenosine triphosphate(ATP)production and mitochondrial membrane potential(MMP)and a significant increase in reactive oxygen species(ROS),similar to the observations with the positive control carbonyl cyanide 4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenylhydrazone(FCCP),suggesting that TCC may decrease sperm motility by affecting the oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)pathway.In a sugar-free and low-sugar BWW culture environment,TCC enhanced the damaging effect on sperm motility and ATP,MMP,and lactate decreased significantly,suggesting that TCC may also affect the glycolytic pathway that supplies energy to spermatozoa.This study demonstrates a possible mechanism of TCC toxicity in spermatozoa involving both the OXPHOS and glycolysis pathways.
文摘Zhang et al delivered a paradigm-shifting understanding of electroacupuncture(EA)’s action in diabetic gastroparesis through a well-defined vagal pathway.Their work bridged traditional acupuncture and modern neurogastroenterology,highlighting EA as a viable strategy for refractory diabetic gastroparesis.The study integrated electrophysiology(gastric slow-wave recordings),functional assays(phenol red gastric emptying,and intestinal propulsion),dynamic positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging,histopathology,and molecular biology(Western blot,immunofluorescence,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay).This comprehensive approach robustly confirmed EA’s efficacy in restoring gastric motility,interstitial cells of Cajal function,and neuropeptide balance.Future studies should prioritize clinical translation and explore synergies with pharmacological agents.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32171264 and No.81974226)the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(2023NSFSC1609)。
文摘According to the World Health Organization(WHO)manual,sperm concentration should be measured using an improved Neubauer hemocytometer,while sperm motility should be measured by manual assessment.However,in China,thousands of laboratories do not use the improved Neubauer hemocytometer or method;instead,the Makler counting chamber is one of the most widely used chambers.To study sources of error that could impact the measurement of the apparent concentration and motility of sperm using the Makler counting chamber and to verify its accuracy for clinical application,67 semen samples from patients attending the Department of Andrology,West China Second University Hospital,Sichuan University(Chengdu,China)between 13 September 2023 and 27 September 2023,were included.Compared with applying the cover glass immediately,delaying the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in average increases in the sperm concentration of 30.3%,74.1%,and 107.5%,respectively(all P<0.0001)and in the progressive motility(PR)of 17.7%,30.8%,and 39.6%,respectively(all P<0.0001).However,when the semen specimens were fixed with formaldehyde,a delay in the application of the cover glass for 5 s,10 s,and 30 s resulted in an average increase in the sperm concentration of 6.7%,10.8%,and 14.6%,respectively,compared with immediate application of the cover glass.The accumulation of motile sperm due to delays in the application of the cover glass is a significant source of error with the Makler counting chamber and should be avoided.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant number:32000799)Key Research and Development Program of Zhejiang Province(grant number:2025C02058).
文摘In a recent publication in Nature,Zhou and colleagues identified cyclic guanosine monophosphate(cGMP),a canonical phosphodiesterase 5(PDE5)substrate,as a key modulator of dendritic cell(DC)interstitial motility through Rho kinase(ROCK)-dependent modulation of myosin-II activity.
基金Supported by the University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka,Research Grant,No.RP/03/04/03/01/2022.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastric motility is an essential gastrointestinal function.It can be influenced by age,gender,body composition,and metabolic status.However,published data on these associations remains limited.AIM To assess the relationship between gastric motility and adiposity,and metabolic indicators in a cohort of Sri Lankan office workers.METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted among 130 office workers(58.5%females)aged 20-50 years(mean 36.81,SD 8.85 years)of the University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka.Gastric motility was assessed by real-time ultrasonography,using a previously validated method.Fasting antral area(FAA),postprandial antral areas at 1 minutes and 15 minutes(AA1,AA15),and antral contraction frequency(FAC)were measured,and gastric emptying rate(GER)and antral motility index were calculated.Anthropometric parameters were obtained using sensitive scales.Glycated hemoglobin,lipid profile,and liver enzyme levels were measured at an accredited laboratory.RESULTS The mean body mass index(BMI)was 24.36(SD 4.09)kg/m^(2),and 39.2%were overweight or obese.Increased abdominal adiposity was detected in 29.2%and 40.8%had high waist-to-hip ratios.Prediabetes/diabetes were observed in 20.0%,hypercholesterolemia in 47.7%,hypertriglyceridemia in 14.7%,high low-density lipoproteins in 39.2%,and elevated aspartate transaminase and alanine transaminase in 5.4%and 21.5%respectively.FAA had a weak negative correlation with high-density lipoprotein level(r=-0.227,P=0.009),and a positive correlation with waist circumference(r=0.235,P=0.007),and waist-to-hip ratio(r=0.244,P=0.005).GER and AA1 correlated weakly with triglyceride(GER:r=0.174,P=0.048;AA1:r=0.194,P=0.027)and VLDL levels(GER:r=0.183,P=0.038;AA1:r=0.195,P=0.026).In females,AA1 positively correlated with triglycerides(r=0.333,P=0.003),and VLDL levels(r=0.337,P=0.003),and AA15 with BMI(r=0.284,P=0.013)and hip circumference(r=0.229,P=0.047).FAC negatively correlated with BMI(r=-0.234,P=0.042)and hip circumference(r=-0.247,P=0.032).CONCLUSION Gastric motility parameters showed weak associations with metabolic indicators,particularly lipid profiles,and to a lesser extent,with adiposity indicators.The greater number of correlations observed in females suggests the possibility of sex-specific differences in these associations.These findings highlight potential relationships that require confirmation through longitudinal studies.
基金supported by The Research Fund of Jianghan University(Grant No.2024JCYJ13)Science and Technology Research Program of Department of Education of Hubei Province(Grant No.Q20234413).
文摘Objective Abnormal gastrointestinal motility plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of functional dyspepsia(FD).Although electroacupuncture(EA)has demonstrated efficacy in FD treatment,its precise mechanism remains unclear.This study aimed to elucidate the specific mechanism through which EA improves gastrointestinal motility in FD.Methods Physiological indices,including body weight,food intake,gastrointestinal motility,and gastrointestinal morphology,were utilized to assess the FD model in rats.EA interventions were applied at meridian points,as well as non-meridian points and non-acupoints,in FD model rats.The effects of EA at zusanli(ST36)and taichong(LR3)on gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats were elucidated using gastrointestinal motility test indices.Techniques such as Western blotting,quantitative real-time PCR,and immunofluorescence were employed to determine the specific mechanisms by which EA improved gastrointestinal motility in FD model rats.Results Multifactorial stress intervention could be used to effectively establish an FD rat model.EA at ST36 and LR3 significantly improved gastrointestinal motility.Furthermore,EA at ST36 and LR3 upregulated the protein expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF),GDNF family receptor alpha 1(GFRα1),phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K),and protein kinase B(Akt),along with their mRNA expression levels and the number of enteric glial cells(EGCs).Conclusions EA was capable of increasing the number of EGCs by activating the GDNF/GFRα1/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway,thereby improving gastrointestinal motility in FD.
基金Supported by Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center),Key Project within the Hospital,No.2024CRZD007Shanghai Municipal Health Commission,2024-2025 Traditional Chinese Medicine Research Project,No.2024QN063.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal(GI)dysfunction is common after laparoscopic radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer and affects rehabilitation.While conventional treatments can alleviate symptoms to a certain extent,they often fail to fully address the issue of insufficient GI motility.The GI motility therapeutic apparatus promotes dynamic recovery by simulating GI electric waves,whereas acupuncture regulates zang-fu qi movement,both offering effective interventions.However,there are few clinical studies investigating the combined use of GI motility therapy and acupuncture to promote GI function recovery in patients after GI laparoscopic radical surgery.AIM To evaluate the effects of combining GI motility therapy devices with acupuncture on GI function in patients undergoing radical laparoscopic surgery.METHODS This retrospective study included 196 patients who underwent radical GI endoscopic surgery at the Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital(Shanghai Sunshine Rehabilitation Center),School of Medicine,Tongji University,from June 2022 to May 2024.Patients were classified into a normal group(conventional treatment,n=96)and an integrated group(conventional+GI motility therapy device+acupuncture,n=100).The effects on GI function,hormone levels preand post-treatment,GI symptoms,immune function,adverse reactions,and patient satisfaction in both groups were assessed.RESULTS Compared with the normal group,the integrated group demonstrated significantly better overall effectiveness(93.00%vs 84.3%;P<0.05)and shorter durations for first exhaust,feeding,defecation,and hospital stay(P<0.05).Post-treatment,the integrated group had lower gastrin and GI symptom rating scale scores and higher motilin,vasoactive intestinal peptide,and immune marker(CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+,and natural killer cells)levels(P<0.05).The integrated group,compared to the normal group,also reported fewer adverse reactions(5.00%vs 14.58%)and higher patient satisfaction(97.00%vs 84.38%),both statistically significant(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of a GI motility therapy device and acupuncture promotes GI function recovery after radical gastrectomy,regulates GI hormones and immune function,and is safe and effective.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China,No.2023JJ30462Hunan Provincial Department of Science and Technology,No.2023SK2045,No.22JBZ007 and No.Z2023JB01Graduate Research and Innovation Projects of Hunan Province,No.2024CX031.
文摘BACKGROUND Diabetic gastroparesis(DGP),characterized by delayed gastric emptying and impaired motility,poses significant therapeutic challenges due to its complex neural and molecular pathophysiology.Emerging evidence suggests that electroacupuncture(EA)at ST36 modulates gastrointestinal function;however,the precise neuromolecular pathways underlying its efficacy in DGP remain incompletely defined.AIM To elucidate the neural mechanisms underlying EA at ST36 improving DGP gastric motility through the nucleus tractus solitarius(NTS)-vagal axis.METHODS The DGP model was established via a single high-dose intraperitoneal injection of 2%streptozotocin combined with an 8-week high-sugar/high-fat diet.Interventions included EA at ST36,pharmacological modulation[choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)agonist polygalacic acid(PA)and inhibitor antagonist alpha-NETA],and subdiaphragmatic vagotomy.Post-intervention observations included body weight and blood glucose levels.Gastric emptying was evaluated using phenol red assays,gastric slow-wave recordings,and dynamic positron emission tomography-computed tomography imaging.Histopathological analysis(hematoxylineosin staining)and molecular assessments(Western blot,immunofluorescence)were performed to quantify gastric smooth muscle-associated factors[neuronal nitric oxide synthase(nNOS),cluster of differentiation 117(C-kit),stem cell factor(SCF)]and vagal targets[ChAT,α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor(α7nAChR)]in the ST36 acupoint region,L4-L6 spinal segments,and NTS.Gastrointestinal peptides[gastrin(Gas),motilin(MLT)and vasoactive intestinal peptide(VIP)]were measured via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS The study found that EA significantly increased the rate of gastric emptying,restored the slow-wave rhythms of the stomach,and improved the architecture of the smooth muscles in the stomach.This was evidenced by a reduction in inflammatory infiltration and an increase in the expression of nNOS,C-kit,and SCF.Mechanistically,EA activated vagal targets(ChAT andα7nAChR)at ST36,transmitting signals via spinal segments L4-L6 to the NTS,subsequently regulating gastrointestinal peptides(Gas,MLT,VIP)and restoring interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs)function via subdiaphragmatic vagal efferent pathways.It is crucial to note that subdiaphragmatic vagotomy led to the abrogation of EA-induced enhancements in gastric motility and ICC recovery,thereby confirming the indispensable role of vagal efferent signalling.CONCLUSION EA provides a novel molecular mechanism for improving gastrointestinal motility in DGP via a peripheral stimulation(ST36),spinal afferent(L4-L6),brainstem integration(NTS),vagal efferent(gastric)circuit.
基金Supported by The University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka,Research Council Grant No.G23.
文摘BACKGROUND Overweight children exhibit a higher prevalence of functional gastrointestinal disorders compared with their normal-weight peers,yet the underlying reasons remain unclear.Gastrointestinal motility,a key pathophysiological factor in functional gastrointestinal disorders,may be influenced by body mass index(BMI).AIM To evaluate the impact of BMI on gastric motility parameters in children with functional abdominal pain disorders(FAPDs).METHODS We assessed gastric motility in 176 children with FAPDs(61.4%females,mean age 7.94 years,SD 1.96 years)and 63 healthy controls(57.1%females,mean age 9.17 years,SD 1.90 years)at the Gastroenterology Research Laboratory,University of Kelaniya,Sri Lanka.FAPDs were diagnosed and subtyped using the Rome IV criteria:Functional abdominal pain 97 patients;irritable bowel syndrome 39 patients,functional dyspepsia(FD)25 patients;and abdominal migraine 15 patients.Gastric motility was measured using a validated ultrasound method.Weight and height were measured using sensitive standard scales.RESULTS The BMIs of children with FAPDs and controls were 15.04 and 15.46 kg/m^(2),respectively(P=0.33).Fasting antral area(FAA)and antral area at 1 min(AA1)and 15 min(AA15)were significantly greater in patients with FAPD with a higher BMI(2.71 cm^(2),12.57 cm^(2),and 7.19 cm^(2),respectively)compared with those with a lower BMI(2.12 cm^(2),10.68 cm^(2),and 6.13 cm^(2),respectively)(P<0.01).BMI positively correlated with FAA and AA15(r=0.18 and r=0.19,respectively)(P<0.01)in those with FAPDs.In controls,only AA1 was greater in the higher BMI group(12.51 cm^(2)vs 9.93 cm^(2))and had a positive correlation(r=0.33)(P≤0.01).Subgroup analysis revealed that in patients with FD,BMI negatively correlated with gastric emptying rate(GER)(r=-0.59)and antral motility index(MI)(r=-0.49),while in functional abdominal pain,MI positively correlated(r=0.25)with BMI(P≤0.01).CONCLUSION In children with FAPDs,higher BMI was associated with increased gastric antral distention during fasting and postprandial periods(as indicated by FAA,AA1,and AA15)but not with contractility and transit(MI,GER).However,in the FD subgroup,high BMI correlated with reduced GER and MI.This indicates the possible role of BMI in gastric hypomotility and the pathophysiology of FD.These findings underscore the importance of lifestyle and dietary interventions aimed at optimizing BMI in the management of FAPDs,particularly FD.
文摘BACKGROUND Colonic motility dysfunction is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis(UC),significantly affecting patients’quality of life.Evidence suggests that glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor(GDNF)plays a role in restoring colonic function.AIM To investigate whether GDNF enhances aberrant colonic motility in mice with experimental colitis via connexin 43(Cx43).METHODS An experimental colitis model was induced in male C57BL/6 mice using dextran sodium sulfate(DSS).The measurement of colonic transit time was conducted,and colon tissues were evaluated through transmission electron microscopy and hematoxylin and eosin staining.The mice were treated with exogenous GDNF and Gap 19,a selective Cx43 inhibitor.The Cx43 and GDNF levels were detected via immunofluorescence,immunohistochemistry,and real-time polymerase chain reaction.The levels of inflammatory markers,including interleukin-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-6,and C-reactive protein,were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS Experimental colitis was successfully induced using DSS,and the findings exhibited that the colonic transit time was significantly delayed in colitis mice relative to the UC group(P<0.01).GDNF treatment improved colonic transit time and alleviated intestinal inflammation in DSS-induced colitis mice(P<0.05).In the UC+Gap19+GDNF group,colitis symptoms,colonic transit time,and inflammatory marker levels remained comparable to those in the UC group,indicating that the therapeutic effects of GDNF in UC mice were blocked by Gap 19.CONCLUSION GDNF improves colonic motility in mice with experimental colitis through a partially Cx43-mediated mechanism.GDNF holds promise as a therapeutic option for improving colonic motility in patients with colitis.
基金Supported by Fujian Provincial Science and Technology Innovation Joint Fund Project,No.2024Y9555Youth Research Project of the Science and Technology Plan of Fujian Provincial Health Commission,No.2024QNB005+1 种基金Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project,No.2024J011124Fujian Provincial Medical Project for Creating Dual High-Quality Development(High Level and High Standard),No.ETK2025004.
文摘This letter comments on a study linking metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD),vitamin D3,and severe gastric autonomic neuropathy(diabetic gastric motility disorders)in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).We question the necessity of excluding patients with severe cataract(unable to complete fundus exams),as the focus on T2DM-MASLD correlation may render other T2DM complications less relevant.We emphasize vitamin D3’s multifaceted relevance:It associates with T2DM(high-dose supplementation reduces onset risk),MASLD(serum levels predict risk),smooth muscle function,immunity,and T2DM-related fractures via advanced glycation end products.We propose correlating MASLD severity with vitamin D3 levels and diabetic gastric motility disorders in validation analyses(e.g.,correlation,area under the curve)to refine factor analysis.Additionally,based on the authors’note of vitamin D3-tryptophan metabolism links,we call for deeper integration of metabolic pathways to clarify vitamin D3’s role in smooth muscle electrophysiology,leveraging the team’s prior research insights.
文摘Objective To observe the effects on functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor treated with electroacupuncture. Methods Twenty-nine cases of functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor were randomized into electroacupuncture group （19 cases） and control group （10 cases）. In electroacupuncture group, routine treatment after gastrointestinal operation and electroacupucture treatment were applied, Zusanli （足三里 ST 36）, Shangjuxu （上巨虚 ST 37）, Xiajuxu （下巨虚 ST 39） and Hegu （合谷 LI 4） were applied with electroacupuncture; in control group, the routine treatment after gastrointestinal operation was only applied. Anus exhaust, defecation, abdominal distension, stomachache, amount of gastrointestinal decompression drainage and changes of borborygmus were observed in two groups. Results Anus exhaust, defecation, abdominal distension, stomachache, amount of gastrointestinal decompression drainage and changes of borborygmus were relieved in two groups; and the effects of abdominal distension, anus exhaust, defecation, amount of gastrointestinal decompression drainage and borborygmus in electroacupuncture group were superior to those in control group （all P〈0.05）. Conclusion For the functional gastrointestinal motility disorder of postoperation of gastrointestinal tumor, the theraputic effect of electroacupuncture combined with routine treatment after operation is better than the routine treatment after operation.
文摘Gastrointestinal(GI) dysmotility is a common problemin the critically ill population. It can be a reflection and an early sign of patient deterioration or it can be an independent cause of morbidity and mortality. GI dysmotility can be divided for clinical purposes on upper GI dysmotility and lower GI dysmotility. Upper GI dysmotility manifests by nausea, feeding intolerance and vomiting; its implications include aspiration into the airway of abdominal contents and underfeeding. Several strategies to prevent and treat this condition can be tried and they include prokinetics and post-pyloric feeds. It is important to note that upper GI dysmotility should be treated only when there are clinical signs of intolerance(nausea, vomiting) and not based on measurement of gastric residual volumes. Lower GI dysmotility manifests throughout the spectrum of ileus and diarrhea. Ileus can present in the small bowel and the large bowel as well. In both scenarios the initial treatment is correction of electrolyte abnormalities, avoiding drugs that can decrease motility and patient mobilization. When this fails, in the case of small bowel ileus, lactulose and polyethylene glycol solutions can be useful. In the case of colonic pseudo obstruction, neostigmine, endoscopic decompression and cecostomy can be tried when the situation reaches the risk of rupture. Diarrhea is also a common manifestation of GI dysmotility and the most important step is to differentiate between infectious sources and non-infectious sources.
基金supported by the Peking Post-doctoral Research Fund(EE2019-50)and Peking University International Hospital Research Funds(No.YN2019QN13).
文摘This study aims to investigate the protective effects of peroxiredoxin 6 on the total motility and progressive motility of human spermatozoa.Semen samples with normal parameters were collected from 23 males and supplemented with different concentrations of peroxiredoxin 6.All the semen samples were measured according to the WHO 5th manual,and the motile spermatozoa were extracted using IVF fertilization medium supplemented with different peroxiredoxin 6 concentrations.Total motility and progressive motility were observed at different time-points of culture at room temperature.After peroxiredoxin 6 supplementation,all groups had a significant increase in total motility and progressive motility compared to the control group.The difference in total motility and progressive motility between the 0 and 10−7 mM groups was observed at 24 and 48 h of culture at room temperature.At 24 h,the total motility increased by 30%in the control group(16.03±11.91 vs.11.51±7.84),and progressive motility increased by 21%(10.53±9.4 vs.8.31±6.04).A similar trend was observed in the 48 h group.In addition,we also found that peroxiredoxin 6 had a well protective effect on sperm kinetic parameters at 10−7 mM.The findings of this study suggest that peroxiredoxin 6 can enhance sperm total motility and progressive motility in IVF fertilization medium.Peroxiredoxin 6 may have potential benefits for sperm preparation in assisted reproductive technology.
基金the Development Foundation of Region Skåne,No.REGSKANE-619091the Foundation of Skåne University Hospital,No.2017-008and the Dir Albert Påhlsson’s Foundation,No.2019.
文摘BACKGROUND Recently,a technique has been developed to use magnetic resonance enterography(MRE)for the evaluation of small bowel motility.The hypothesis was that assessment of the motility index(MI)should reflect differences in motility between clinical conditions.AIM To aim of the present observational,cross-sectional study was to evaluate the use of the MI in daily clinical practice.METHODS All consecutive patients aged 18-70 years who were referred for MRE at the Department of Radiology during a 2-year period were asked to participate.Healthy volunteers were included as controls.MRE was prepared and conducted in accordance with clinical routines.On the day of examination,all the participants had to complete the visual analog scale for irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)and IBS-symptom severity scale.Maps of MI were calculated from dynamic MR images.ANOVA was used to evaluate differences in MI between groups,classified as healthy,Crohn’s disease,ulcerative colitis,IBS,other assorted disorders and dysmotility.Logistic and linear regression were applied to the MI values.All medical records were scrutinized for medical history.RESULTS In all,224 examinations were included(inclusion prevalence 76.3%),with 22 controls and 202 patients.There was a significant difference in the MI of the jejunum(P=0.021)and terminal ileum(P=0.007)between the different groups.The MI was inversely associated with the mural thickness of the terminal ileum in men(P<0.001)and women(P=0.063)after adjustments,and tended to be lower in men than in women(P=0.056).Subjectively observed reduction of motility on MRI was accomplished by reduced MI of terminal ileum in men(P<0.001)and women(P=0.030).In women,diarrhea was inversely associated with the MI of the jejunum(P=0.029),and constipation was positively associated with the MI of the terminal ileum(P=0.039).CONCLUSION Although MIs differ across diseases,a lower MI of the terminal ileum is mainly associated with male sex and an increased mural thickness.Symptoms are weakly associated with the MI.
文摘BACKGROUND Gastroesophageal reflux is associated with poorer outcomes after lung transplant,likely through recurrent aspiration and allograft injury.Although prior studies have demonstrated a relationship between impedance-pH results and transplant outcomes,the role of esophageal manometry in the assessment of lung transplant patients remains debated,and the impact of esophageal dysmotility on transplant outcomes is unclear.Of particular interest is ineffective esophageal motility(IEM)and its associated impact on esophageal clearance.AIM To assess the relationship between pre-transplant IEM diagnosis and acute rejection after lung transplantation.METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of lung transplant recipients at a tertiary care center between 2007 and 2018.Patients with pre-transplant anti-reflux surgery were excluded.Manometric and reflux diagnoses were recorded from pre-transplant esophageal function testing.Time-to-event analysis using Cox proportional hazards model was applied to evaluate outcome of first episode of acute cellular rejection,defined histologically per International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation guidelines.Subjects not meeting this endpoint were censored at time of post-transplant anti-reflux surgery,last clinic visit,or death.Fisher’s exact test for binary variables and student’s t-test for continuous variables were performed to assess for differences between groups.RESULTS Of 184 subjects(54%men,mean age:58,follow-up:443 person-years)met criteria for inclusion.Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis represented the predominant pulmonary diagnosis(41%).During the follow-up period,60 subjects(33.5%)developed acute rejection.The all-cause mortality was 16.3%.Time-to-event univariate analyses demonstrated significant association between IEM and acute rejection[hazard ratio(HR):1.984,95%CI:1.03-3.30,P=0.04],confirmed on Kaplan-Meier curve.On multivariable analysis,IEM remained independently associated with acute rejection,even after controlling for potential confounders such as the presence of acid and nonacid reflux(HR:2.20,95%CI:1.18-4.11,P=0.01).Nonacid reflux was also independently associated with acute rejection on both univariate(HR:2.16,95%CI:1.26-3.72,P=0.005)and multivariable analyses(HR:2.10,95%CI:1.21-3.64,P=0.009),adjusting for the presence of IEM.CONCLUSION Pre-transplant IEM was associated with acute rejection after transplantation,even after controlling for acid and nonacid reflux.Esophageal motility testing may be considered in lung transplant to predict outcomes.
文摘Disorders of esophageal motility have been described in patients with cirrhosis in a small number of studies.In this review,we aim to provide an overview of the available evidence on esophageal motility disorders in cirrhosis and their clinical implications.This review delves into the following concepts:(1)Gastroesophageal reflux disease is common in liver cirrhosis due to many mechanisms;however,when symptomatic it is usually nocturnal and has an atypical presentation;(2)Endoscopic band ligation is better than sclerotherapy in terms of its effect on esophageal motility and seems to correct dysmotilities resulting from the mechanical effect of esophageal varices;(3)Chronic alcoholism has no major effects on esophageal motility activity other than lower esophageal sphincter hypertension among those with alcoholic autonomic neuropathy;(4)An association between primary biliary cholangitis and scleroderma can be present and esophageal hypomotility is not uncommon in this scenario;and(5)Cyclosporin-based immunosuppression in liver transplant patients can have a neurotoxic effect on the esophageal myenteric plexus leading to reversible achalasia-like manifestations.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.30370467)the Bilateral Scientific and Technological Cooperation between Flanders and China(Contract BIL01/13).
文摘Objective To investigate the expression of motilin-immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus and the effect of central administration of erythromycin （EM） on the regulation of gastric motility in diabetic rats. Methods The motilin immunoreactive neurons in the hypothalamus and the hippocampus were detected by immunohistochemistry with rabbit anti-motilin polyclonal antibody. To measure the gastric motility, force transducers were surgically affixed to the gastric serosa. A microinjection syringe was connected via a plastic tube to an injection cannula, which was connected with a stainless steel guide cannula. The syringe was inserted into the right lateral cerebral ventricle for microinjecting the chemicals. Results Diabetic mellitus was successfully induced in cohorts of rats. Motilin-immunoreactive neurons significantly increased in the paraventricular （PVN） and supraoptic nuclei （SON） of the hypothalamus in the diabetic rats. Intracerebroventricular （i.c.v.） administration of EM, a motilin receptor agonist, stimulated the gastric motility of diabetic rats. EM （91.56 nmol, i.c.v.） dose-dependently increased the amplitude by （174.82±48.62）% （P 〈 0.05）, and increased the frequency by （70.43±27.11）% （P 〈 0.05） in 5 min. The stimulatory effect lasted more than 15 min to the end of the measurement, and can be blocked partially by the prior treatment of motilin receptor antagonist GM-109. Conclusion Motilin-immunoreactive neurons are increased in the PVN and SON of the hypothalamus in diabetic rats. Centrally administered EM may regulate gastric motility by binding to the central motilin receptors, and central motilin might be involved in regulation of gastric motility in diabetic rats.
文摘Background: Previous studies on fasting and gastrointestinal motility were reported with information lacking concerning prolonged continuous fasting and gastrointestinal motility. This study investigated the effect of prolonged fasting duration on gastrointestinal motility. Methods: Forty-five (45) male Wistar rats, with body weights between 180 - 200 g were used. They were randomly assigned into three (3) groups. Group1: control (rats fasted for 18 h—common duration of fasting for motility studies), groups 2 and 3 fasted for 48 and 72 h respectively. Five (5) rats per experiment and per group were considered. Blood glucose was determined by glucose oxidase method, gastric emptying was assessed by hydrated carbohydrate meal, intestinal motility by charcoal meal, and colonic motility was assessed using bead test. Data were reported in Mean ± SEM and analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Differences in results were considered significant at p ≤ 0.05. Results: There was no significant change in the blood glucose level (mmol/L) of rats in the 48 h group (2.94 ± 0.35) and 72 h group (3.20 ± 0.32) as compared with the control (3.62 ± 0.19). There was a significant decrease in the rate of gastric emptying (g) in the 72 h group (0.20 ± 0.08) compared with the control (0.64 ± 0.16). The intestinal transit (cm) in the 48 h group (67.54 ± 6.15) and 72 h group (72.10 ± 7.60) increased significantly when compared with the control (42.14 ± 3.14). There was a significant decrease in the colonic motility time (Sec.) in the 48 h group (2707 ± 864.1) and 72 h group (6363 ± 968.1) when compared with the control (263.8 ± 64.26). Conclusion: Extended fasting durations decrease the rate of gastric emptying and colonic motility. It suggests that extended fasting durations could be beneficial in intestinal spasms or where the gut is required to relax.
