The initiation of sex differentiation in insects is regulated by primary sex determination signals.In the Medfly Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids,Maleness-on-the-Y(MoY) is the master gene for male sex determina...The initiation of sex differentiation in insects is regulated by primary sex determination signals.In the Medfly Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids,Maleness-on-the-Y(MoY) is the master gene for male sex determination.However,the primary signal in Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett),a very destructive tephritid pest across the world,remains ambiguous.In this study,we have isolated and characterized the Medfly MoY homolog in Z.cucurbitae,ZcMoY.ZcMOY protein shows high sequence conservation to its homologs in Bactrocera species.ZcMoY transcription begins and peaks at very early embryonic stages and then becomes undetectable except the testes and heads of day 1 male adults.Silencing ZcMoY in early embryos by RNAi causes abnormal external genitalia and interior reproductive organs,giving rise to intersexes and feminization of XY individuals.The expression pattern and knockdown phenotypes of ZcMoY indicate that ZcMoY plays a key role in regulating sex determination of Z.cucurbitae males.Our findings will help the understanding of sex determination in Z.cucurbitae and facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains in its biological control.展开更多
SU Moying, of Sheke Village, S h e k e To w n s h i p , Lanxian County, Shanxi Province, has been teaching in the countryside for 20 of her 48 years. She
Molybdenum-containing zeolite catalysts are effective bifunctional catalysts inpetrochemical industry. It is difficult to exchange the cations of zeolitc for molybdenumions directly because high valence cationic molyb...Molybdenum-containing zeolite catalysts are effective bifunctional catalysts inpetrochemical industry. It is difficult to exchange the cations of zeolitc for molybdenumions directly because high valence cationic molybdenum can only exist in very acidic solu-tion where ion exchange equilibria are unfavorable. In order to overcome the difficulties ofaqueous ion exchange, many other methods were reported for the preparation of展开更多
分别在方瓶贴壁和转瓶悬浮二种培养模式下,考察了感染复数(Multiplicity of Infection,MOI)对HEK293细胞感染病毒后的生长代谢和腺病毒扩增效率的影响。通过实验发现,感染病毒后的细胞跟未感染病毒相比较,其细胞生长受到严重限制,但仍...分别在方瓶贴壁和转瓶悬浮二种培养模式下,考察了感染复数(Multiplicity of Infection,MOI)对HEK293细胞感染病毒后的生长代谢和腺病毒扩增效率的影响。通过实验发现,感染病毒后的细胞跟未感染病毒相比较,其细胞生长受到严重限制,但仍然保持着旺盛的代谢活动。结果表明:MOI对细胞感染病毒后的生长代谢和腺病毒扩增效率有显著影响。随着MOI增加,细胞死亡速率增加,其代谢速率也普遍上升。同时,MOI增加能有效地提高病毒感染率和单位细胞病毒颗粒数扩增效率,但过高的MOI亦会降低病毒滴度扩增效率,从而影响病毒包装质量。展开更多
以往研究发现,增加感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)可以有效提高5型腺病毒(Ad5)感染T细胞的效率,但其具体机制并未十分清楚。选取T淋巴瘤细胞为靶细胞,通过荧光定量PCR及透射电镜观察等方法探讨不同MOI对重组腺病毒Ad5-GFP复...以往研究发现,增加感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)可以有效提高5型腺病毒(Ad5)感染T细胞的效率,但其具体机制并未十分清楚。选取T淋巴瘤细胞为靶细胞,通过荧光定量PCR及透射电镜观察等方法探讨不同MOI对重组腺病毒Ad5-GFP复制周期中病毒结合及病毒进入两个环节的影响,发现高MOI条件下不会影响T细胞结合的腺病毒数量,却可显著增加经胞吞进入T细胞的腺病毒数量。这些结果表明,增加MOI有利于腺病毒经胞吞进入T细胞,从而可提高腺病毒感染效率。这为进一步研究腺病毒感染T淋巴细胞的机制提供了理论基础。展开更多
[目的]比较腺病毒和慢病毒侵染牛肌肉卫星细胞MOI值的差异,选择较优的侵染方式。[方法]从新生牛犊背最长肌中分离并纯化出牛肌肉卫星细胞,通过病毒侵染靶细胞的方法比较腺病毒和慢病毒对牛肌肉卫星细胞的侵染能力,确定最佳感染复数(Mult...[目的]比较腺病毒和慢病毒侵染牛肌肉卫星细胞MOI值的差异,选择较优的侵染方式。[方法]从新生牛犊背最长肌中分离并纯化出牛肌肉卫星细胞,通过病毒侵染靶细胞的方法比较腺病毒和慢病毒对牛肌肉卫星细胞的侵染能力,确定最佳感染复数(Multiplicity of infection,MOI)。[结果]成功分离出牛肌肉卫星细胞,经过体外培养,可以用于细胞侵染研究;随着MOI值的增大,腺病毒和慢病毒侵染的细胞荧光强度均逐渐增强;当腺病毒侵染牛肌肉卫星细胞的MOI值为3 000,慢病毒侵染靶细胞的MOI值为300时,荧光强度均较强,细胞形态即将发生变化。相对而言,慢病毒较腺病毒更易侵染原代肌肉细胞,并且荧光强度较强,但侵染效率比较低。[结论]对于原代细胞,选择慢病毒侵染更为合适。该试验结果为应用腺病毒或慢病毒介导的功能基因在牛肌肉卫星细胞中的过表达或干扰沉默研究提供了参考资料。展开更多
基金supported by the the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31702059, 31860523, and 31660339)the Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (321CXTD435)。
文摘The initiation of sex differentiation in insects is regulated by primary sex determination signals.In the Medfly Ceratitis capitata and other tephritids,Maleness-on-the-Y(MoY) is the master gene for male sex determination.However,the primary signal in Zeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett),a very destructive tephritid pest across the world,remains ambiguous.In this study,we have isolated and characterized the Medfly MoY homolog in Z.cucurbitae,ZcMoY.ZcMOY protein shows high sequence conservation to its homologs in Bactrocera species.ZcMoY transcription begins and peaks at very early embryonic stages and then becomes undetectable except the testes and heads of day 1 male adults.Silencing ZcMoY in early embryos by RNAi causes abnormal external genitalia and interior reproductive organs,giving rise to intersexes and feminization of XY individuals.The expression pattern and knockdown phenotypes of ZcMoY indicate that ZcMoY plays a key role in regulating sex determination of Z.cucurbitae males.Our findings will help the understanding of sex determination in Z.cucurbitae and facilitate the development of genetic sexing strains in its biological control.
文摘SU Moying, of Sheke Village, S h e k e To w n s h i p , Lanxian County, Shanxi Province, has been teaching in the countryside for 20 of her 48 years. She
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Molybdenum-containing zeolite catalysts are effective bifunctional catalysts inpetrochemical industry. It is difficult to exchange the cations of zeolitc for molybdenumions directly because high valence cationic molybdenum can only exist in very acidic solu-tion where ion exchange equilibria are unfavorable. In order to overcome the difficulties ofaqueous ion exchange, many other methods were reported for the preparation of
文摘分别在方瓶贴壁和转瓶悬浮二种培养模式下,考察了感染复数(Multiplicity of Infection,MOI)对HEK293细胞感染病毒后的生长代谢和腺病毒扩增效率的影响。通过实验发现,感染病毒后的细胞跟未感染病毒相比较,其细胞生长受到严重限制,但仍然保持着旺盛的代谢活动。结果表明:MOI对细胞感染病毒后的生长代谢和腺病毒扩增效率有显著影响。随着MOI增加,细胞死亡速率增加,其代谢速率也普遍上升。同时,MOI增加能有效地提高病毒感染率和单位细胞病毒颗粒数扩增效率,但过高的MOI亦会降低病毒滴度扩增效率,从而影响病毒包装质量。
文摘以往研究发现,增加感染复数(multiplicity of infection,MOI)可以有效提高5型腺病毒(Ad5)感染T细胞的效率,但其具体机制并未十分清楚。选取T淋巴瘤细胞为靶细胞,通过荧光定量PCR及透射电镜观察等方法探讨不同MOI对重组腺病毒Ad5-GFP复制周期中病毒结合及病毒进入两个环节的影响,发现高MOI条件下不会影响T细胞结合的腺病毒数量,却可显著增加经胞吞进入T细胞的腺病毒数量。这些结果表明,增加MOI有利于腺病毒经胞吞进入T细胞,从而可提高腺病毒感染效率。这为进一步研究腺病毒感染T淋巴细胞的机制提供了理论基础。
文摘[目的]比较腺病毒和慢病毒侵染牛肌肉卫星细胞MOI值的差异,选择较优的侵染方式。[方法]从新生牛犊背最长肌中分离并纯化出牛肌肉卫星细胞,通过病毒侵染靶细胞的方法比较腺病毒和慢病毒对牛肌肉卫星细胞的侵染能力,确定最佳感染复数(Multiplicity of infection,MOI)。[结果]成功分离出牛肌肉卫星细胞,经过体外培养,可以用于细胞侵染研究;随着MOI值的增大,腺病毒和慢病毒侵染的细胞荧光强度均逐渐增强;当腺病毒侵染牛肌肉卫星细胞的MOI值为3 000,慢病毒侵染靶细胞的MOI值为300时,荧光强度均较强,细胞形态即将发生变化。相对而言,慢病毒较腺病毒更易侵染原代肌肉细胞,并且荧光强度较强,但侵染效率比较低。[结论]对于原代细胞,选择慢病毒侵染更为合适。该试验结果为应用腺病毒或慢病毒介导的功能基因在牛肌肉卫星细胞中的过表达或干扰沉默研究提供了参考资料。
