An ultrasonic-assisted technique was employed to extract crude polysaccharide from Tricholoma matsutake fruiting bodies. Single-factor tests and orthogonal experimental design(L_9(3~3)) were used to obtain the optimal...An ultrasonic-assisted technique was employed to extract crude polysaccharide from Tricholoma matsutake fruiting bodies. Single-factor tests and orthogonal experimental design(L_9(3~3)) were used to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows: ultrasonic temperature, 40 °C; ultrasonic time, 50 min; water to raw material ratio, 25 ml/g; ultrasonic frequency, 45 k Hz; and ultrasonic power, 100 W. Three novel T. matsutake polysaccharide(TMP) fractions(TMP30, TMP60, and TMP80) were isolated and purified from TMP by stepwise alcohol precipitation. Their preliminary structural features were determined by highperformance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed-amperometric detection(HPAEC-PAD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FT-IR) analyses. Furthermore, their in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated in terms of a reducing power assay and the scavenging rates of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. The order of the various fractions based on their antioxidant activity was TMP80>TMP>TMP60>TMP30. These findings suggested that novel polysaccharide fractions from T. matsutake, especially TMP80, could be promising active macromolecules for biomedical use.展开更多
OBJECTIVE： Few studies have investigated the ef- fects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccha- rides （COP） from ...OBJECTIVE： Few studies have investigated the ef- fects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccha- rides （COP） from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake would improve the efficacy of 5-fluoro- uracil （5-FU）-mediated inhibition of H22 cell growth. METHODS： Mice were injected H22 cells and then treated with either 5-FU, polysaccharides from Tri- choloma matsutake （PTM）, polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes （PL）, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PTM, 5-FU ＋ PL, or 5-FU ＋ COR The tumor weight and volume, and splenic CD4 ＋ and CD8 ＋ T cell frequencies, were determined. Additionally, splenic natural killer （NK） cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） activities were assessed and the serum levels of tumor necro- sis factor-a （TNF-a）, Interleukin-2 （IL-2）, and Interfer- on-y （IFN-y） were measured. RESULTS： Compared with mice from the control,5-FU, PL, PTM, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PL, and 5-FU ＋ PTM groups, mice treated with 5-FU ＋ COP showed： （a） significantly reduced tumor weight and volume （P〈 0.05）, （b） significantly higher serum levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-y （P〈0.05）, （c） significantly increased CD4＋ and CD8＋ 1 cell frequencies in the spleen （P〈 0.05）, and （d） significantly increased splenic NK cell and CTL activities （P〈0.05）. The tumor weight and volume in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM were significantly reduced compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. Serum levels of TNF-α, 11.-2, and IFN-y, frequencies of CD4 ＋ and CD8＋ T cells in the spleen, and splenic NK and CTL activities were also significantly increased in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU-mediated H22 cell growth inhi- bition.展开更多
Taking refined flour,matsutake powder,and highland barley powder as main raw materials,this experiment studied the optimal formula of matsutake highland barley biscuit. Besides,single factor experiment was carried out...Taking refined flour,matsutake powder,and highland barley powder as main raw materials,this experiment studied the optimal formula of matsutake highland barley biscuit. Besides,single factor experiment was carried out for the amount of highland barley powder,white granulated sugar,and shortening. Then,the response surface optimization analysis was made on crispness and sensory score of the biscuit. The experiment indicates that taking the refined flour as the base 100 g( 100%),the formula of 20% highland barley powder,25% white granulated sugar,and 26% shortening can bake crisp biscuit with complete shape,pure flavor and high quality.展开更多
A total of 10 Tricholoma matsutake strains isolated from Yajiang County, Sichuan Province of China were analyzed by using AFLP technique. The results showed that the genetic characteristics of Tricholoma matsutake str...A total of 10 Tricholoma matsutake strains isolated from Yajiang County, Sichuan Province of China were analyzed by using AFLP technique. The results showed that the genetic characteristics of Tricholoma matsutake strains can be properly revealed by AFLP, and among the 10 Tricholoma matsutake strains, the genetic aspects were very similar. At the level of 90% similarity, all the strains collected together, and at the similarity of 92 % , three AFLP groups formed. Simultaneously, the effects of quantity of the primers on the second AFLP PCR were determined. The optimal quantity of Eco +1/Mse+1, Eco + 2/Mse + 2 and Eco + 3/ Mse+3 primer pairs used in the AFLP was 1 pmol/5 pmol, 0. 6 pmol/10 pmol and 0.1 pmol/8 pmol, respectively.展开更多
Polysaccharides of Tricholoma matsutake Sing. were extracted with boilingwater, followed by precipitating with ethanol. Two membranes of different molecular weight cut-off, namely, 30 kD and 10 kD were chosen with ult...Polysaccharides of Tricholoma matsutake Sing. were extracted with boilingwater, followed by precipitating with ethanol. Two membranes of different molecular weight cut-off, namely, 30 kD and 10 kD were chosen with ultrafiltration. The antioxidant activity of the purification polysaccharides was evaluated by various antioxidant assay, including DPPH （l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl） radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging. The scavenging effect on hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical, which may be comparable to Vitamin C, while the scavenging effect on superoxide anion radicals was not obvious.展开更多
A 5-year study on the soil ecological environment of matsutake (Trihcholoma Matsutake) growing areas near Changbai Mountains showed that several factors, such as climate, parent material, organism and landform, which ...A 5-year study on the soil ecological environment of matsutake (Trihcholoma Matsutake) growing areas near Changbai Mountains showed that several factors, such as climate, parent material, organism and landform, which form the soil ecosystem provided suitable ecological environment for the formation and growth of matsutake. How to improve the construction and function of the soil ecosystem in order to utilize the natural resource continuously was also studied.展开更多
Evaluation for human body whitening effcacy of cosmetics with extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing as main effective constituent was conducted. Thirty female volunteers with age between 20 and 45 years old were kind...Evaluation for human body whitening effcacy of cosmetics with extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing as main effective constituent was conducted. Thirty female volunteers with age between 20 and 45 years old were kindly invited to use the cosmetic product on the inner side of their crank arm for a testing period of 8 weeks continuously. Values of MI, L＊ and ITA° of the skin were measured and the results display signifcant difference （ P〈0. 05） before and after the 8 weeks testing period. Duncan multiple comparisons showed that the whitening effcacy of cosmetic product formulated with the extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing is signifcantly greater than that of the formulation matrix and equivalent with that of ascorbyl ethyl ether. Via the data collection and statistical analysis, this method can directly refect the whitening effect of active additives in cosmetics, and it is suitable for the evaluation of the whitening effcacy of cosmetics with additives.展开更多
This study aimed to examine the effects of bioprocessing on the bioactive components of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves(IESLs)using Tricholoma matsutake mycelia.To optimize fermentation conditions,various brown ric...This study aimed to examine the effects of bioprocessing on the bioactive components of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves(IESLs)using Tricholoma matsutake mycelia.To optimize fermentation conditions,various brown rice ratios and fermentation periods were compared.Subsequently,a ratio of 8:2(aglycones:1873.57μg/g)soybean leaves to brown rice and a fermentation period of 8 days(aglycones:3623.58μg/g)were determined to be optimal for efficient fermentation conditions.Isoflavone derivatives were altered throughout the bio-processing process,with the fermentation stage indicating a bioconversion to isoflavone-aglycones.Using time-of-flight mass spectrometry,twenty functional metabolites were identified.The heat maps indicated a significant concentration of glycoside phytoestrogens at the fermentation stage during bioprocessing.The highest levels of total phenolics(8.49 GAE mg/g),total flavonoids(2.87 RE mg/g),and digestive enzymatic inhibitory activities(1 mg/mL;α-glucosidase 73.25%,pancreatic-lipase 58.26%)were seen in fermented IESLs.This study discovered that bioprocessing IESLs with T.matsutake mycelia has the potential to enhance aglycone phytochemicals in the bioproducts.展开更多
Tricholoma matsutake is a rich source of bioactive compounds that can be enhanced through food-compatible bioprocessing.This study employed symbiotic fermentation of Tricholoma matsutake using food-grade Pediococcus p...Tricholoma matsutake is a rich source of bioactive compounds that can be enhanced through food-compatible bioprocessing.This study employed symbiotic fermentation of Tricholoma matsutake using food-grade Pediococcus pentosaceus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp.thermophilus.Metabolomic analysis revealed metabolic remodeling in the matsutake fermented broth(MF),with enrichment of flavonoids and reprogramming of primary metabolism.MF exhibited higher ultraviolet radiation B(UVB)absorption,antioxidant and anti-glycation activities,exceeding aminoguanidine and inhibiting elastase and hyaluronidase.Critically,MF exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity in a zebrafish model and improved oxidative stress survival in Caenorhabditis elegans.In cellular models,MF protected human immortalized keratinocyte(HaCaT)and normal human dermal fibroblast(NHDF)against oxidative stress and UVB damage,rescuing viability,reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis,accelerating wound healing,and countering senescence.MF treatment was associated with increased collagen I/III/IV synthesis while suppressing matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3 and MMP-9 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αand inhibiting carboxymethyllysine accumulation induced by both UVB and methylglyoxal(MGO).Topical application of MF on UVB-irradiated mice significantly reduced erythema,eschar,wrinkle depth,normalized epidermal hyperplasia,restored organized dermal collagen density and lowered systemic TNF-αand interleukin(IL)-6.MF exhibited excellent biocompatibility in the hen's egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane(HET-CAM)and hemolysis assays.This work demonstrates that food-grade symbiotic fermentation is an effective strategy for transforming Tricholoma matsutake into a high-value functional ingredient.展开更多
Tricholoma matsutake is an edible fungus rich in bioactive compounds,while the immunoactive properties of functional components remain largely unexplored.This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of incorpo...Tricholoma matsutake is an edible fungus rich in bioactive compounds,while the immunoactive properties of functional components remain largely unexplored.This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of incorporating Tricholoma matsutake or its equivalent amount of bioactive components into the daily diet,analyzed the dominant factor that play the regulating role and the main regulation paths.The findings revealed that although Tricholoma matsutake polysaccharide(TPS)demonstrated better DPPH and·OH clearance activity in vitro experiments,due to its lower content in Tricholoma matsutake,water extract(TWE)showed better protection of immune organs by increasing splenic T lymphocytes and the number of thymic corpuscles,also enhanced nonspecific and specific immunity in vivo.Specifically,TWE increased the phagocytic index to 4.13±0.09,enhanced splenic lymphocyte proliferation to 1.84±0.16,elevated the delayed-type hypersensitivity response to 0.61±0.02 mm,also raised serum hemolysin levels to 15.27±0.06.Furthermore,TWE elevated immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)levels in mouse serum with the extension of oral administration time.Additionally,the principal component analysis(PCA)and correlation analysis revealed that TWE is the primary immunoactive component of Tricholoma matsutake that regulates immune function,and that increasing IgG and IgM levels may represent a direct mechanism for enhancing immune function.Generally,TWE is a superior immune active factor that holds the potential as an immunomodulator,and the discovery of this article also revealed the pathways and nutritional functions of adding Tricholoma matsutake into daily dietary consumption to exert immunomodulatory effects.展开更多
Climate change affects various facets of life but there is little data on its effects on wild mushroom fruiting.Yunnan Province in China is a rich source of wild mushrooms and has experienced a temperature rise over r...Climate change affects various facets of life but there is little data on its effects on wild mushroom fruiting.Yunnan Province in China is a rich source of wild mushrooms and has experienced a temperature rise over recent decades.This has resulted in warmer temperatures but the impacts of these changes on mushroom production lack documentation.We collected data on the fruiting of the highly prized matsutake mushroom(Tricholoma matsutake)in West Yunnan,China over an 11 year period from 2000 to 2010.Fruiting phenology and productivity were compared against the driving meteorological variables using Projection to Latent Structure regression.The mushrooms appeared later in the season during the observation period,which is most likely explained by rising temperatures and reduced rain during May and June.High temperature and abundant rain in August resulted in good productivity.The climate response of matsutake production results from a sequence of processes that are possibly linked with regulatory signals and resource availability.To advance the knowledge of this complex system,a holistic research approach integrating biology,ecology,genetics,physiology,and phytochemistry is needed.Our results contribute to a general model of fungal ecology,which can be used to predict the responses of fungi to global climate change.展开更多
Study on artificial cultivation of Tricholoma matsutake carried through by the present research group in Changbai Mountains in recent years was briefly reviewed in the paper, and then, the signifycance of cultivation....Study on artificial cultivation of Tricholoma matsutake carried through by the present research group in Changbai Mountains in recent years was briefly reviewed in the paper, and then, the signifycance of cultivation. Mechanism of formation, hiberarchy, grouwth cycle and suitable living environment, were summarized.展开更多
Song Rong (i.e. Matsutake, Tricholoma matsutake) is the most favorite edible mushroom in Japan and restrictedly distributes in forests in East Asia. The yield of Song Rong, however, has been extremely dropping since 1...Song Rong (i.e. Matsutake, Tricholoma matsutake) is the most favorite edible mushroom in Japan and restrictedly distributes in forests in East Asia. The yield of Song Rong, however, has been extremely dropping since 1940 's in the region due to changes of environmental ecology of nature forests. As a compensation for consumption, Japan imported products of T. matsutake from Korea and China, and T. magnivelare from North America since mid-1970s, but T. matsutake stili accounts for a large portion of the ...展开更多
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(No.ZR2015CL002)the Doctoral Research Startup Foundation of Liaocheng University(No.31805),China
文摘An ultrasonic-assisted technique was employed to extract crude polysaccharide from Tricholoma matsutake fruiting bodies. Single-factor tests and orthogonal experimental design(L_9(3~3)) were used to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. Results showed that the optimal parameters were as follows: ultrasonic temperature, 40 °C; ultrasonic time, 50 min; water to raw material ratio, 25 ml/g; ultrasonic frequency, 45 k Hz; and ultrasonic power, 100 W. Three novel T. matsutake polysaccharide(TMP) fractions(TMP30, TMP60, and TMP80) were isolated and purified from TMP by stepwise alcohol precipitation. Their preliminary structural features were determined by highperformance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed-amperometric detection(HPAEC-PAD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FT-IR) analyses. Furthermore, their in vitro antioxidant activity was investigated in terms of a reducing power assay and the scavenging rates of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) and hydroxyl radicals. The order of the various fractions based on their antioxidant activity was TMP80>TMP>TMP60>TMP30. These findings suggested that novel polysaccharide fractions from T. matsutake, especially TMP80, could be promising active macromolecules for biomedical use.
基金Supported by Department of Science and Technology of Jilin Province(No.yyzx201123-2No.20130522056JH)
文摘OBJECTIVE： Few studies have investigated the ef- fects produced by combinations of polysaccharides and chemotherapeutic drugs in cancer treatment. We hypothesized that a combination of polysaccha- rides （COP） from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake would improve the efficacy of 5-fluoro- uracil （5-FU）-mediated inhibition of H22 cell growth. METHODS： Mice were injected H22 cells and then treated with either 5-FU, polysaccharides from Tri- choloma matsutake （PTM）, polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes （PL）, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PTM, 5-FU ＋ PL, or 5-FU ＋ COR The tumor weight and volume, and splenic CD4 ＋ and CD8 ＋ T cell frequencies, were determined. Additionally, splenic natural killer （NK） cell and cytotoxic T lymphocyte （CTL） activities were assessed and the serum levels of tumor necro- sis factor-a （TNF-a）, Interleukin-2 （IL-2）, and Interfer- on-y （IFN-y） were measured. RESULTS： Compared with mice from the control,5-FU, PL, PTM, PTM ＋ PL, 5-FU ＋ PL, and 5-FU ＋ PTM groups, mice treated with 5-FU ＋ COP showed： （a） significantly reduced tumor weight and volume （P〈 0.05）, （b） significantly higher serum levels of TNF-α, IL-2, and IFN-y （P〈0.05）, （c） significantly increased CD4＋ and CD8＋ 1 cell frequencies in the spleen （P〈 0.05）, and （d） significantly increased splenic NK cell and CTL activities （P〈0.05）. The tumor weight and volume in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM were significantly reduced compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. Serum levels of TNF-α, 11.-2, and IFN-y, frequencies of CD4 ＋ and CD8＋ T cells in the spleen, and splenic NK and CTL activities were also significantly increased in mice treated with 5-FU＋PL or 5-FU＋PTM compared with mice treated with 5-FU alone （P〈0.05）. CONCLUSION： Polysaccharides from Lentinus edodes and Tricholoma matsutake could enhance the efficacy of 5-FU-mediated H22 cell growth inhi- bition.
基金Supported by Agricultural Product Processing Technology and Product Development Project of the 13th Five-Year Plan of Tibet
文摘Taking refined flour,matsutake powder,and highland barley powder as main raw materials,this experiment studied the optimal formula of matsutake highland barley biscuit. Besides,single factor experiment was carried out for the amount of highland barley powder,white granulated sugar,and shortening. Then,the response surface optimization analysis was made on crispness and sensory score of the biscuit. The experiment indicates that taking the refined flour as the base 100 g( 100%),the formula of 20% highland barley powder,25% white granulated sugar,and 26% shortening can bake crisp biscuit with complete shape,pure flavor and high quality.
文摘A total of 10 Tricholoma matsutake strains isolated from Yajiang County, Sichuan Province of China were analyzed by using AFLP technique. The results showed that the genetic characteristics of Tricholoma matsutake strains can be properly revealed by AFLP, and among the 10 Tricholoma matsutake strains, the genetic aspects were very similar. At the level of 90% similarity, all the strains collected together, and at the similarity of 92 % , three AFLP groups formed. Simultaneously, the effects of quantity of the primers on the second AFLP PCR were determined. The optimal quantity of Eco +1/Mse+1, Eco + 2/Mse + 2 and Eco + 3/ Mse+3 primer pairs used in the AFLP was 1 pmol/5 pmol, 0. 6 pmol/10 pmol and 0.1 pmol/8 pmol, respectively.
文摘Polysaccharides of Tricholoma matsutake Sing. were extracted with boilingwater, followed by precipitating with ethanol. Two membranes of different molecular weight cut-off, namely, 30 kD and 10 kD were chosen with ultrafiltration. The antioxidant activity of the purification polysaccharides was evaluated by various antioxidant assay, including DPPH （l,l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl） radical scavenging, superoxide anion radical scavenging and hydrogen peroxide scavenging. The scavenging effect on hydroxyl radical and DPPH radical, which may be comparable to Vitamin C, while the scavenging effect on superoxide anion radicals was not obvious.
文摘A 5-year study on the soil ecological environment of matsutake (Trihcholoma Matsutake) growing areas near Changbai Mountains showed that several factors, such as climate, parent material, organism and landform, which form the soil ecosystem provided suitable ecological environment for the formation and growth of matsutake. How to improve the construction and function of the soil ecosystem in order to utilize the natural resource continuously was also studied.
文摘Evaluation for human body whitening effcacy of cosmetics with extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing as main effective constituent was conducted. Thirty female volunteers with age between 20 and 45 years old were kindly invited to use the cosmetic product on the inner side of their crank arm for a testing period of 8 weeks continuously. Values of MI, L＊ and ITA° of the skin were measured and the results display signifcant difference （ P〈0. 05） before and after the 8 weeks testing period. Duncan multiple comparisons showed that the whitening effcacy of cosmetic product formulated with the extract from Tricholoma matsutake Sing is signifcantly greater than that of the formulation matrix and equivalent with that of ascorbyl ethyl ether. Via the data collection and statistical analysis, this method can directly refect the whitening effect of active additives in cosmetics, and it is suitable for the evaluation of the whitening effcacy of cosmetics with additives.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(Grant number 2016R1D1A1B01009898 and RS-2023-00245096),Republic of Korea.
文摘This study aimed to examine the effects of bioprocessing on the bioactive components of isoflavone-enriched soybean leaves(IESLs)using Tricholoma matsutake mycelia.To optimize fermentation conditions,various brown rice ratios and fermentation periods were compared.Subsequently,a ratio of 8:2(aglycones:1873.57μg/g)soybean leaves to brown rice and a fermentation period of 8 days(aglycones:3623.58μg/g)were determined to be optimal for efficient fermentation conditions.Isoflavone derivatives were altered throughout the bio-processing process,with the fermentation stage indicating a bioconversion to isoflavone-aglycones.Using time-of-flight mass spectrometry,twenty functional metabolites were identified.The heat maps indicated a significant concentration of glycoside phytoestrogens at the fermentation stage during bioprocessing.The highest levels of total phenolics(8.49 GAE mg/g),total flavonoids(2.87 RE mg/g),and digestive enzymatic inhibitory activities(1 mg/mL;α-glucosidase 73.25%,pancreatic-lipase 58.26%)were seen in fermented IESLs.This study discovered that bioprocessing IESLs with T.matsutake mycelia has the potential to enhance aglycone phytochemicals in the bioproducts.
文摘Tricholoma matsutake is a rich source of bioactive compounds that can be enhanced through food-compatible bioprocessing.This study employed symbiotic fermentation of Tricholoma matsutake using food-grade Pediococcus pentosaceus and Streptococcus salivarius subsp.thermophilus.Metabolomic analysis revealed metabolic remodeling in the matsutake fermented broth(MF),with enrichment of flavonoids and reprogramming of primary metabolism.MF exhibited higher ultraviolet radiation B(UVB)absorption,antioxidant and anti-glycation activities,exceeding aminoguanidine and inhibiting elastase and hyaluronidase.Critically,MF exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity in a zebrafish model and improved oxidative stress survival in Caenorhabditis elegans.In cellular models,MF protected human immortalized keratinocyte(HaCaT)and normal human dermal fibroblast(NHDF)against oxidative stress and UVB damage,rescuing viability,reducing reactive oxygen species(ROS)and apoptosis,accelerating wound healing,and countering senescence.MF treatment was associated with increased collagen I/III/IV synthesis while suppressing matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-3 and MMP-9 and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-αand inhibiting carboxymethyllysine accumulation induced by both UVB and methylglyoxal(MGO).Topical application of MF on UVB-irradiated mice significantly reduced erythema,eschar,wrinkle depth,normalized epidermal hyperplasia,restored organized dermal collagen density and lowered systemic TNF-αand interleukin(IL)-6.MF exhibited excellent biocompatibility in the hen's egg test on the chorioallantoic membrane(HET-CAM)and hemolysis assays.This work demonstrates that food-grade symbiotic fermentation is an effective strategy for transforming Tricholoma matsutake into a high-value functional ingredient.
基金financial support provided by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF110520202).
文摘Tricholoma matsutake is an edible fungus rich in bioactive compounds,while the immunoactive properties of functional components remain largely unexplored.This study investigated the immunomodulatory effects of incorporating Tricholoma matsutake or its equivalent amount of bioactive components into the daily diet,analyzed the dominant factor that play the regulating role and the main regulation paths.The findings revealed that although Tricholoma matsutake polysaccharide(TPS)demonstrated better DPPH and·OH clearance activity in vitro experiments,due to its lower content in Tricholoma matsutake,water extract(TWE)showed better protection of immune organs by increasing splenic T lymphocytes and the number of thymic corpuscles,also enhanced nonspecific and specific immunity in vivo.Specifically,TWE increased the phagocytic index to 4.13±0.09,enhanced splenic lymphocyte proliferation to 1.84±0.16,elevated the delayed-type hypersensitivity response to 0.61±0.02 mm,also raised serum hemolysin levels to 15.27±0.06.Furthermore,TWE elevated immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)levels in mouse serum with the extension of oral administration time.Additionally,the principal component analysis(PCA)and correlation analysis revealed that TWE is the primary immunoactive component of Tricholoma matsutake that regulates immune function,and that increasing IgG and IgM levels may represent a direct mechanism for enhancing immune function.Generally,TWE is a superior immune active factor that holds the potential as an immunomodulator,and the discovery of this article also revealed the pathways and nutritional functions of adding Tricholoma matsutake into daily dietary consumption to exert immunomodulatory effects.
基金sponsored jointly by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.30800158)the 11th Five-Year China Key Science&Technology Project on Silviculture for Carbon Sequestration in Subtropics(Grant No:2008BAD95B09)+3 种基金the Ford Foundation(Grant No.10850639)the National Research Council of Thailand(grant NRCT/55201020007)Mae Fah Luang University(grant MFU/54101020048)King Saud University for support.
文摘Climate change affects various facets of life but there is little data on its effects on wild mushroom fruiting.Yunnan Province in China is a rich source of wild mushrooms and has experienced a temperature rise over recent decades.This has resulted in warmer temperatures but the impacts of these changes on mushroom production lack documentation.We collected data on the fruiting of the highly prized matsutake mushroom(Tricholoma matsutake)in West Yunnan,China over an 11 year period from 2000 to 2010.Fruiting phenology and productivity were compared against the driving meteorological variables using Projection to Latent Structure regression.The mushrooms appeared later in the season during the observation period,which is most likely explained by rising temperatures and reduced rain during May and June.High temperature and abundant rain in August resulted in good productivity.The climate response of matsutake production results from a sequence of processes that are possibly linked with regulatory signals and resource availability.To advance the knowledge of this complex system,a holistic research approach integrating biology,ecology,genetics,physiology,and phytochemistry is needed.Our results contribute to a general model of fungal ecology,which can be used to predict the responses of fungi to global climate change.
文摘Study on artificial cultivation of Tricholoma matsutake carried through by the present research group in Changbai Mountains in recent years was briefly reviewed in the paper, and then, the signifycance of cultivation. Mechanism of formation, hiberarchy, grouwth cycle and suitable living environment, were summarized.
文摘Song Rong (i.e. Matsutake, Tricholoma matsutake) is the most favorite edible mushroom in Japan and restrictedly distributes in forests in East Asia. The yield of Song Rong, however, has been extremely dropping since 1940 's in the region due to changes of environmental ecology of nature forests. As a compensation for consumption, Japan imported products of T. matsutake from Korea and China, and T. magnivelare from North America since mid-1970s, but T. matsutake stili accounts for a large portion of the ...
