Paternal predation risk can program offspring phenotypes via maternal responses and epigenetic marks of spermatozoa.However,the processes and consequences of this experience in biparental species are unknown.Here,we e...Paternal predation risk can program offspring phenotypes via maternal responses and epigenetic marks of spermatozoa.However,the processes and consequences of this experience in biparental species are unknown.Here,we examined how preconception and postconception paternal cat odor(CO)exposure affects anxiety-like behavior and antipredator response in Brandt’s voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii).We found that preconception paternal CO exposure inhibited maternal investment when offspring were raised by mothers alone,while postconception exposure increased paternal investment towards the offspring raised by both parents.The increased paternal behavior may be associated with an increasing grooming behavior received from their mates,which alleviated the anxiety-like behavior in CO-exposed males.Both paternal experiences increased the levels of anxiety-like behavior in adolescent offspring but differentially altered adult phenotypes.Specifcally,adult females from preconception CO-exposed fathers spent less time in defensive concealing,whereas the offspring of postconception CO-exposed fathers showed more in response to acute cat urine exposure.Correspondingly,baseline corticosterone levels were decreased and increased in these offspring,respectively.Our results indicate that in biparental species,paternal predation risk exposure affects offspring phenotypes in pathway-dependent and age-specifc manners and that only the presence of both parents can elicit adaptive responses to a high predation-risk environment.展开更多
Adverse maternal and offspring reproductive outcomes,such as congenital disabilities,spontaneous pregnancy loss(SPL),preterm birth,gestational diabetes,and gestational hypertension,affect up to 20%of pregnancies[1–3]...Adverse maternal and offspring reproductive outcomes,such as congenital disabilities,spontaneous pregnancy loss(SPL),preterm birth,gestational diabetes,and gestational hypertension,affect up to 20%of pregnancies[1–3].Although the evidence remains elusive,a potential link emerged with the inappropriate periconceptional folate status[4].Folate belongs to one-carbon metabolism(OCM),playing pivotal roles in biological processes during the early development of humans,such as generating methyl groups for use in DNA synthesis,amino acid homeostasis,antioxidant generation,and epigenetic regulation[5,6].展开更多
Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of a...Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of adolescent delinquency in Iran by focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquent behavior.Methods:Using the multistage cluster random sampling method,the research involved 528 high school students in Tehran.Each student completed validated scales assessing their parental attachment,self-esteem,and delinquency at school.Multiple regression analyses with the Sobel test and bootstrappingmethod were used to examine mediated effects.Results:Thefindings reveal that self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship betweenmaternal attachment and delinquency(standardized coefficient=−0.0292;p=0.04).Adolescents with secure maternal attachments tend to exhibit higher self-esteem,which reduces the likelihood of delinquent behavior.In contrast,paternal attachment did not show a significant mediating effect in this study.These results underscore the importance of cultivating secure maternal relationships and fostering positive self-esteem to address adolescent delinquency.Conclusion:The study suggests that targeted interventions that strengthen maternal attachment and boost self-esteem could effectively mitigate delinquent behaviors among Iranian adolescents.These interventions should prioritize the emotional support and value of secure maternal bonds as key factors in promoting healthy adolescent development.展开更多
Maximizing NO3 uptake during seedling development is important as it has a major influence on plant growth and yield. However, little is known about the processes leading to, and involved in, the initiation of root NO...Maximizing NO3 uptake during seedling development is important as it has a major influence on plant growth and yield. However, little is known about the processes leading to, and involved in, the initiation of root NO3 uptake capacity in developing seedlings. This study examines the physiological processes involved in root NO3 uptake and metabolism, to gain an understanding of how the NO3 uptake system responds to meet demand as maize seedlings transition from seed N use to external N capture. The concentrations of seedderived free amino acids within root and shoot tissues are initially high, but decrease rapidly until stabilizing eight days after imbibition （DAI）. Similarly, shoot N% decreases, but does not stabilize until 12-13 DAI. Following the decrease in free amino acid concentrations, root NO3- uptake capacity increases until shoot N% stabilizes. The increase in root NO3 uptake capacity corresponds with a rapid rise in transcript levels of putative NO3 transporters, ZmNRT2.1 and ZmNRT2.2. The processes underlying the increase in root NO3- uptake capacity to meet N demand provide an insight into the processes controlling N uptake.展开更多
目的:分析产后抑郁的研究分布、主题分布、刊登期刊、发文机构、引用率等,为今后研究者的研究方向提供参考依据。方法:检索2003-2012年Web of Science数据库收录的有关产后抑郁的文献,采用标题检索的方法,检索词为"depress*"...目的:分析产后抑郁的研究分布、主题分布、刊登期刊、发文机构、引用率等,为今后研究者的研究方向提供参考依据。方法:检索2003-2012年Web of Science数据库收录的有关产后抑郁的文献,采用标题检索的方法,检索词为"depress*"和"postpartum OR postnatal OR post partum OR post natal OR maternal OR paternal"。结果:共检索到1391篇产后抑郁的文献,文献数呈逐年递增趋势;研究领域主要集中在精神病学和心理学。10个最受欢迎的杂志中,6个杂志来自美国,最受欢迎的杂志是Journal of Affective Disorders。美国的研究机构发表的文献数量最多;中国共发表文献40篇,排名第7。产后抑郁的研究在国内外已形成核心研究团队。2003-2007年间和2008-2012年间,引用率最高的10篇文献分别集中在关于母亲抑郁的危险因素和对孩子的不良影响的研究、母亲抑郁的基因和生物分子学因素的研究。结论:对产后抑郁的重视度在不断提高,对抑郁的生物分子因素分析以及父亲抑郁和以家庭为单位的整体预防或干预措施是今后研究的方向。展开更多
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31770422 and 31900334)Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190910)+2 种基金Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China(2018M630610 and 2019T120468)Students’Project for Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of Yangzhou University(XCX20230796)Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
文摘Paternal predation risk can program offspring phenotypes via maternal responses and epigenetic marks of spermatozoa.However,the processes and consequences of this experience in biparental species are unknown.Here,we examined how preconception and postconception paternal cat odor(CO)exposure affects anxiety-like behavior and antipredator response in Brandt’s voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii).We found that preconception paternal CO exposure inhibited maternal investment when offspring were raised by mothers alone,while postconception exposure increased paternal investment towards the offspring raised by both parents.The increased paternal behavior may be associated with an increasing grooming behavior received from their mates,which alleviated the anxiety-like behavior in CO-exposed males.Both paternal experiences increased the levels of anxiety-like behavior in adolescent offspring but differentially altered adult phenotypes.Specifcally,adult females from preconception CO-exposed fathers spent less time in defensive concealing,whereas the offspring of postconception CO-exposed fathers showed more in response to acute cat urine exposure.Correspondingly,baseline corticosterone levels were decreased and increased in these offspring,respectively.Our results indicate that in biparental species,paternal predation risk exposure affects offspring phenotypes in pathway-dependent and age-specifc manners and that only the presence of both parents can elicit adaptive responses to a high predation-risk environment.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFC2701004 and 2024YFC2707602)the Natural Science Foundation of China(82070323,82373584,and 82204051)+2 种基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-002)Shanghai Sailing Program(22YF1403900)Research Project of Shanghai Municipal Health Commission(202140444).
文摘Adverse maternal and offspring reproductive outcomes,such as congenital disabilities,spontaneous pregnancy loss(SPL),preterm birth,gestational diabetes,and gestational hypertension,affect up to 20%of pregnancies[1–3].Although the evidence remains elusive,a potential link emerged with the inappropriate periconceptional folate status[4].Folate belongs to one-carbon metabolism(OCM),playing pivotal roles in biological processes during the early development of humans,such as generating methyl groups for use in DNA synthesis,amino acid homeostasis,antioxidant generation,and epigenetic regulation[5,6].
基金supported in part by the Higher Education Sprout Project,Ministry of Education,to the Headquarters of University Advancement at National Cheng Kung University(NCKU).
文摘Background:While various factors contributing to delinquency have been explored,the role of selfesteem in this specific context has received little attention.Hence,this study aims to investigate the complex issue of adolescent delinquency in Iran by focusing on the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between parental attachment and delinquent behavior.Methods:Using the multistage cluster random sampling method,the research involved 528 high school students in Tehran.Each student completed validated scales assessing their parental attachment,self-esteem,and delinquency at school.Multiple regression analyses with the Sobel test and bootstrappingmethod were used to examine mediated effects.Results:Thefindings reveal that self-esteem significantly mediates the relationship betweenmaternal attachment and delinquency(standardized coefficient=−0.0292;p=0.04).Adolescents with secure maternal attachments tend to exhibit higher self-esteem,which reduces the likelihood of delinquent behavior.In contrast,paternal attachment did not show a significant mediating effect in this study.These results underscore the importance of cultivating secure maternal relationships and fostering positive self-esteem to address adolescent delinquency.Conclusion:The study suggests that targeted interventions that strengthen maternal attachment and boost self-esteem could effectively mitigate delinquent behaviors among Iranian adolescents.These interventions should prioritize the emotional support and value of secure maternal bonds as key factors in promoting healthy adolescent development.
基金Victorian Node of Metabolomics Australia,which is funded through Bioplatforms Australia Pty Ltd,a National Collaborative Research Infrastructure Strategy,5.1 Biomolecular Platforms and informatics investment,and co-investment from the Victorian State Government and The University of Melbournesupported by the Australian Centre for Plant Functional Genomics,the Australian Research Council(LP130101055)Du Pont Pioneer and the Grains Research and Development Corporation(GRS10437)
文摘Maximizing NO3 uptake during seedling development is important as it has a major influence on plant growth and yield. However, little is known about the processes leading to, and involved in, the initiation of root NO3 uptake capacity in developing seedlings. This study examines the physiological processes involved in root NO3 uptake and metabolism, to gain an understanding of how the NO3 uptake system responds to meet demand as maize seedlings transition from seed N use to external N capture. The concentrations of seedderived free amino acids within root and shoot tissues are initially high, but decrease rapidly until stabilizing eight days after imbibition （DAI）. Similarly, shoot N% decreases, but does not stabilize until 12-13 DAI. Following the decrease in free amino acid concentrations, root NO3- uptake capacity increases until shoot N% stabilizes. The increase in root NO3 uptake capacity corresponds with a rapid rise in transcript levels of putative NO3 transporters, ZmNRT2.1 and ZmNRT2.2. The processes underlying the increase in root NO3- uptake capacity to meet N demand provide an insight into the processes controlling N uptake.
文摘目的:分析产后抑郁的研究分布、主题分布、刊登期刊、发文机构、引用率等,为今后研究者的研究方向提供参考依据。方法:检索2003-2012年Web of Science数据库收录的有关产后抑郁的文献,采用标题检索的方法,检索词为"depress*"和"postpartum OR postnatal OR post partum OR post natal OR maternal OR paternal"。结果:共检索到1391篇产后抑郁的文献,文献数呈逐年递增趋势;研究领域主要集中在精神病学和心理学。10个最受欢迎的杂志中,6个杂志来自美国,最受欢迎的杂志是Journal of Affective Disorders。美国的研究机构发表的文献数量最多;中国共发表文献40篇,排名第7。产后抑郁的研究在国内外已形成核心研究团队。2003-2007年间和2008-2012年间,引用率最高的10篇文献分别集中在关于母亲抑郁的危险因素和对孩子的不良影响的研究、母亲抑郁的基因和生物分子学因素的研究。结论:对产后抑郁的重视度在不断提高,对抑郁的生物分子因素分析以及父亲抑郁和以家庭为单位的整体预防或干预措施是今后研究的方向。
