BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a frequent cancer affecting the oral cavity.OSCC is usually preceded by occurrence of precursor lesions,which demonstrate a varying degree of malignant transformation po...BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a frequent cancer affecting the oral cavity.OSCC is usually preceded by occurrence of precursor lesions,which demonstrate a varying degree of malignant transformation potential.Epithelialmesenchymal transition is a significant biological phenomenon that facilitates tumor growth and metastasis through the involvement of diverse epithelial and mesenchymal proteins.E-cadherin down regulation and over-expression of zincfinger E-box-binding homeobox 1(ZEB1)has been reported in several cancers.AIM To evaluate the role of E-cadherin and ZEB1 in oral leukoplakia and OSCC.METHODS A total of 60 cases i.e.,oral leukoplakia/oral epithelial dysplasia(OED)(n=30)and OSCC(n=30)were included.Immunohistochemistry was performed utilizing two markers:E-cadherin and ZEB1.The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare individual markers across the study groups.Spearman’s correlation was done followed by discriminant function analysis.RESULTS Reduction in the expression E-cadherin and altered localization were noted from OED to OSCC.Overexpression of ZEB1 along with cytoplasmic accumulation was noted in OED,with marked expression in OSCC.ZEB1 epithelium intensity and ZEB1 connective tissue percentage contributed to the discriminant function with an accuracy of 85%for the classification of OED from OSCC.CONCLUSION Loss of E-cadherin and up-regulation of ZEB1 from OED to OSCC,predisposes to induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Discriminant formulas are developed to classify cases of OED and OSCC with 85%accuracy.展开更多
Objective:To study the relationship of the expressions of p53 and mdm2 in leukoplakia cancer.Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of p53,mdm2 in patients with leukoplakia cancer.The frequencies of p53,mdm2 in pe...Objective:To study the relationship of the expressions of p53 and mdm2 in leukoplakia cancer.Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of p53,mdm2 in patients with leukoplakia cancer.The frequencies of p53,mdm2 in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometric analysis.Results:The expression of p53mRNA in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were 7.7%,27.3%,33.3%,56.8%,respectively.The frequencies of p53 in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were(0.3±0.1)%,(l.6±0.9)%,(1.9±1.1)%,(3.4±1.8)%.The expression of mdm2 mRNA in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were 0.0%,6.8%,11.1%,37.8%,respectively.The frequencies of mdm2 in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were(0.1±0.1)%,(0.8±0.6)%,(1.2±0.8)%,(1.2±0.8)%.There was a positively correlation between p53 mRNA and mdm2 mRNA.Conclusions:The positive rate of p53 and mdm2 cells in the peripheral blood increases in patients with leukoplakia cancer tissue and has positive correlation with the severity of leukoplakia cancer.展开更多
Oral leukoplakia is a common precursor lesion of oral squamous cell carcinoma,which indicates a high potential of malignancy.The malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia seriously affects patient survival and qual...Oral leukoplakia is a common precursor lesion of oral squamous cell carcinoma,which indicates a high potential of malignancy.The malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia seriously affects patient survival and quality of life;however,it is difficult to identify oral leukoplakia patients who will develop carcinoma because no biomarker exists to predict malignant transformation for effective clinical management.As a major problem in the field of head and neck pathologies,it is imperative to identify biomarkers of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia.In this review,we discuss the potential biomarkers of malignant transformation reported in the literature and explore the translational probabilities from bench to bedside.Although no single biomarker has yet been applied in the clinical setting,profiling for genomic instability might be a promising adjunct.展开更多
Premalignant lesions like oral lichen planus(OLP),oral leukoplakia(OL)has a fair probability of transforming into malignancy and they are perverse toward conventional therapies.Photody-namic therapy(PDT)has been consi...Premalignant lesions like oral lichen planus(OLP),oral leukoplakia(OL)has a fair probability of transforming into malignancy and they are perverse toward conventional therapies.Photody-namic therapy(PDT)has been considered as an alternative/complimentary therapeutic mo-dality for the management of premalignant lesions.In this study,methylene blue mediated photodynamic therapy(MB-PDT)was used as a possible alternative method for the treatment of OLP and OL.A total of 15 OLP lesions and 13 OL lesions were enrolled in the study.The patients were irradiated 1using metal halide lamp filtered at 630土10nm,with a light exposure dose of 120 J/cm^(2) per stting.For the OLP lesions,MB-PDT was performed once a week for four weeks and for the OL lesions,MB-PDT was performed twice a week for three weeks.Lesions were evaluated pre-and post-and at follow-u sessions by changes in sign and symptom scores,and size of lesions.We have observed a 53.3%of complete reduction in the treated OLP lesions and their decrease in size,sign and symptom score after treatment and at follow-up session was statistially signifcant.We have also observed complete response for one OL lesion of the 13 treated lesions.The result indicates that MB-PDT is an effective modality in management of OLP and OL.Among the two types of premalignancies treated with MB-PDT,OLP lesions responded much better than that of OL.展开更多
In the present study,we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family,which comprises EGFR/ ErbBl,HER2/ErbB2,HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia(LP).The expression of four...In the present study,we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family,which comprises EGFR/ ErbBl,HER2/ErbB2,HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia(LP).The expression of four epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family genes and their ligands were measured in LP tissues from 14 patients and compared with levels in 10 patients with oral lichen planus(OLP) and normal oral mucosa(NOM) from 14 healthy donors by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Synchronous mRNA coexpression of ErbBl,ErbB2,ErbB3and ErbB4 was detected in LP lesions.Out of the receptors,only ErbB4 mRNA and protein was more highly expressed in LP compared with NOM tissues.These were strongly expressed by epithelial keratinocytes in LP lesions,as shown by immunohistochemistry.Regarding the ligands,the mRNA of Neuregulin2 and 4 were more highly expressed in OLP compared with NOM tissues.Therefore,enhanced ErbB4 on the keratinocytes and synchronous modulation of EGFR family genes may contribute to the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of LP.展开更多
AIM To elucidate the profile of the salivary proteome.METHODS Unstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected from 30 volunteers [15 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia(PVL) patients and 15 controls] and proteins were s...AIM To elucidate the profile of the salivary proteome.METHODS Unstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected from 30 volunteers [15 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia(PVL) patients and 15 controls] and proteins were submitted for mass spectrometry-based proteomics using the discovery approach,followed by analyses of variance and logistic regression tests.RESULTS A total of two hundred and eighty-three proteins were confidently identified in saliva.By combining two low abundance proteins from the PVL group,angiotensinogen(AGT) and dipeptidyl peptidase 1(DPP1),a model for group differentiation was built with a concordance index of 94.2%,identifying both proteins as potential etiologic biomarkers for PVL.CONCLUSION This study suggests that both AGT and DPP1 may be involved in developmental mechanisms of PVL.展开更多
Oral hairy leukoplakia(OHL) is a disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections. OHL is usually an asymptomatic lesion, but in some cases treatment is recommended to reestablish...Oral hairy leukoplakia(OHL) is a disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections. OHL is usually an asymptomatic lesion, but in some cases treatment is recommended to reestablish the normal characteristics of the tongue, to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms, to improve patient comfort and for cosmetic reasons. Proposed treatments for this condition include surgery, systemic antiviral treatment and topical management. Topical treatment is an inexpensive and safe therapy that is easy to apply, noninvasive, free of systemic adverse effects and effective over a long period of time. The aim of this study was to present a review of the literature for topical therapy for OHL. Gentian violet, retinoids, podophyllin, acyclovir and podophyllin associated with topical antiviral drugs were used to treat OHL. Reports with this focus are limited, and since 2010, no new studies have been published that discuss the efficacy of topical treatments for OHL. Podophyllin with acyclovircream was found to be effective, causing regression of lesions with no recurrences. Additional searches are necessary to provide clinical evidence of topical man agement effectiveness.展开更多
Vulvar leukoplakia refers to the chronic disease of degeneration and hypopigmentation of the skin and mucous membrane of the vulva with unbearable itching in women, seriously affecting the quality of life. The main tr...Vulvar leukoplakia refers to the chronic disease of degeneration and hypopigmentation of the skin and mucous membrane of the vulva with unbearable itching in women, seriously affecting the quality of life. The main treatment of western medicine for vulvar leukoplakia is the external use of glucocorticoids or estrogen, resulting to the high recurrence rate and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of the overall concept and dialectical treatment with a variety of ways. Literature review in recent years found that the treatment of TCM decoction combined with external therapies, such as external fumigation, acupuncture and other treatments, or the combination of TCM decoction and external western medicine hormone ointment, can obtain good effects in vulvar leukoplakia. During the clinical practice, we found that the use of TCM internally and externally combined with auricular acupuncture point bloodletting was highly effective with unique advantages in the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia, providing the ideas guidance for clinicians.展开更多
The amplification and the G-T mutation at codon 12 of the C-Ha-ras oncogene in oral leukoplakia tissues were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and molecular biologic technique. The results showed that ...The amplification and the G-T mutation at codon 12 of the C-Ha-ras oncogene in oral leukoplakia tissues were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and molecular biologic technique. The results showed that these tissues had no amplification of Ha-ras oncogene. Only one case harbored G-T mutation in 11 oral leukoplakias, but this mutation was absent in 10 normal oral mucosal tissues. The possible role and significance of C-Ha-ras oncogene in oral precancerous lesions were also discussed.展开更多
Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia is an intriguing disease, which occurs particularly in women aged greater than 60 years, is not associated with tobacco and alcohol, and has a high risk of recurrence and malignant ...Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia is an intriguing disease, which occurs particularly in women aged greater than 60 years, is not associated with tobacco and alcohol, and has a high risk of recurrence and malignant transformation. Although it is well known that the typical presentation is characterized by multifocal and verrucous white lesions, there is no description that its initial clinical presentation may simulate a lichenoid reaction.展开更多
Vocal fold leukoplakia(VFL)is a descriptive term for a white plaque in the true vocal folds(TVF).It is estimated at 10.2 cases per 100,000 males and 2.1 per 100,000 females.The most critical aspect of managing a VLF i...Vocal fold leukoplakia(VFL)is a descriptive term for a white plaque in the true vocal folds(TVF).It is estimated at 10.2 cases per 100,000 males and 2.1 per 100,000 females.The most critical aspect of managing a VLF is achieving an accurate pathological diagnosis,since a white plaque in the TVF can have numerous differential diagnoses.Patients with VFL usually complain of hoarseness and vocal strain.The common cause of VFL is premalignant lesions with primary risk factors of tobacco and alcohol consumption.Inflammatory aggressors such as laryngopharyngeal reflux disease are proven to affect directly the incidence of VFL.Infectious agents such as human papilloma virus andHelicobacter pylori may also play a role in the development of VFL.Frequent differential diagnosis includes laryngeal candidiasis,prolonged ulcerative laryngitis,previous head and neck radiotherapy,and,more rarely,lichen planus.The clinical investigation for a VLF includes laryngeal exam through a rigid or a flexible laryngoscope;videochromoendoscopy is a useful tool.Biopsy is mandatory so a pathological diagnosis is made.The most accepted classification for VFL and premalignant lesions is the fifth edition of the World Health Organization,and it uses a two-tiered system.The treatment for VFL and premalignant lesions can be done by cold knife surgery,KTP laser,or CO_(2) laser.展开更多
Fungal corneal ulcer is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness in developing countries.Corneal scars such as leukoplakia are formed due to inflammation,oxidative stress and non-directed repair,which seriously ...Fungal corneal ulcer is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness in developing countries.Corneal scars such as leukoplakia are formed due to inflammation,oxidative stress and non-directed repair,which seriously affect the patients'subsequent visual and life quality.In this study,drawing inspiration from the oriented structure of collagen fibers within the corneal stroma,we first proposed the directional arrangement of CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system at micro and macro scales based on the 3D printing extrusion method combined with secondary patterning.It played an antifungal role and induced oriented repair in therapy of fungal corneal ulcer.The results showed that it effectively inhibited Candida albicans,Aspergillus Niger,Fusarium sapropelum,which mainly affects TNF,NF-kappa B,and HIF-1 signaling pathways,achieving effective antifungal functions.More importantly,the fibroblasts interacted with extracellular matrix(ECM)of corneal stroma through formation of focal adhesions,promoted the proliferation and directional migration of cells in vitro,induced the directional alignment of collagen fibers and corneal stromal orthogonally oriented repair in vivo.This process is mainly associated with MYLK,MYL9,and ITGA3 molecules.Furthermore,the downregulation the growth factors TGF-βand PDGF-βinhibits myofibroblast development and reduces scar-type ECM production,thereby reducing corneal leukoplakia.It also activates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,promoting corneal healing.In conclusion,the oriented CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system mimics the orthogonal arrangement of collagen fibers,inhibits inflammation,eliminates reactive oxygen species,and reduces corneal leukoplakia,which is of great significance in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer and is expected to write a new chapter in corneal tissue engineering.展开更多
Oral leukoplakia is the most common type of oral potentially malignant disorders and considered a precursor lesion to oral squamous cell carcinoma.However,a predictor of oral leukoplakia prognosis has not yet been ide...Oral leukoplakia is the most common type of oral potentially malignant disorders and considered a precursor lesion to oral squamous cell carcinoma.However,a predictor of oral leukoplakia prognosis has not yet been identified.We investigated whether copy number alteration patterns may effectively predict the prognostic outcomes of oral leukoplakia using routinely processed paraffin sections.Comparison of copy number alteration patterns between oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia(HOL,n=22)and dysplasia(DOL,n=21)showed that oral leukoplakia with dysplasia had a higher copy number alteration rate(86%)than oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia(46%).Oral leukoplakia with dysplasia exhibited a wider range of genomic variations across all chromosomes compared with oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia.We also examined a retrospective cohort of 477 patients with oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia with detailed follow-up information.The malignant transformation(MT,n=19)and leukoplakia recurrence(LR,n=253)groups had higher frequencies of aneuploidy events and copy number loss rate than the free of disease(FD,n=205)group.Together,our results revealed the association between the degree of copy number alterations and the histological grade of oral leukoplakia and demonstrated that copy number alteration may be effective for prognosis prediction in oral leukoplakia patients with hyperplasia.展开更多
Background Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men causing mortality if not diagnosedearly.In recent years,computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)using artificial intelligence techniques,in particular,deepn...Background Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men causing mortality if not diagnosedearly.In recent years,computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)using artificial intelligence techniques,in particular,deepneural networks have been investigated and several approaches have been proposed to deal with the automateddetection of various pathologies using digital images.Recent studies indicate that the fusion of images with thepatient’s clinical information is important for the final clinical diagnosis.As such dataset does not yet exist fororal cancer,as far as the authors are aware,a new dataset was collected consisting of histopathological images,demographic and clinical data.This study evaluated the importance of complementary data to histopathologicalimage analysis of oral leukoplakia and carcinoma for CAD.Methods A new dataset(NDB-UFES)was collected from 2011 to 2021 consisting of histopathological imagesand information.The 237 samples were curated and analyzed by oral pathologists generating the gold standardfor classification.State-of-the-art image fusion architectures and complementary data(Concatenation,MutualAttention,MetaBlock and MetaNet)using the latest deep learning backbones were investigated for 4 distincttasks to identify oral squamous cell carcinoma,leukoplakia with dysplasia and leukoplakia without dysplasia.We evaluate them using balanced accuracy,precision,recall and area under the ROC curve metrics.Results Experimental results indicate that the best models present balanced accuracy of 83.24%using images,demographic and clinical information with MetaBlock fusion and ResNetV2 backbone.It represents an improvement in performance of 30.68%(19.54 pp)in the task to differentiate samples diagnosed with oral squamous cellcarcinoma and leukoplakia with or without dysplasia.Conclusion This study indicates that cured demographic and clinical data may positively influence the performance of artificial intelligence models in automated classification of oral cancer.展开更多
The morphometric analysis of the spinous cell in 16 specimens of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was made by using interactive image analysis system (IBAS-II). 19 parameters of the size and shape were chosen, and compar...The morphometric analysis of the spinous cell in 16 specimens of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was made by using interactive image analysis system (IBAS-II). 19 parameters of the size and shape were chosen, and compared with normal mucosa, leukoplakia, dysplasia and carcinoma. The results indicated that the cell dimensions (area, perimeter, all kinds of diameter) and nuclear cytoplasmic ratio in OSF were between normal mucosa and dysplasia as well as carcinoma. The former showed a progressive decrease (P<0.01), and the latter showed a progressive increase (P<0.01). The dimensions of the nuclei did not show considerable differences among the groups (P>0.05). A series of discriminant functions had been developed with stepwise discriminant analysis, the agreement ratio for OSF was 93.75%. The decrease of cell area and the increase of nuclear cytoplasmic ratio could reflect a malignant progress. The cell morphometric model could discriminate OSF well from other groups, suggesting that the change of the epith展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma(OSCC)is a frequent cancer affecting the oral cavity.OSCC is usually preceded by occurrence of precursor lesions,which demonstrate a varying degree of malignant transformation potential.Epithelialmesenchymal transition is a significant biological phenomenon that facilitates tumor growth and metastasis through the involvement of diverse epithelial and mesenchymal proteins.E-cadherin down regulation and over-expression of zincfinger E-box-binding homeobox 1(ZEB1)has been reported in several cancers.AIM To evaluate the role of E-cadherin and ZEB1 in oral leukoplakia and OSCC.METHODS A total of 60 cases i.e.,oral leukoplakia/oral epithelial dysplasia(OED)(n=30)and OSCC(n=30)were included.Immunohistochemistry was performed utilizing two markers:E-cadherin and ZEB1.The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare individual markers across the study groups.Spearman’s correlation was done followed by discriminant function analysis.RESULTS Reduction in the expression E-cadherin and altered localization were noted from OED to OSCC.Overexpression of ZEB1 along with cytoplasmic accumulation was noted in OED,with marked expression in OSCC.ZEB1 epithelium intensity and ZEB1 connective tissue percentage contributed to the discriminant function with an accuracy of 85%for the classification of OED from OSCC.CONCLUSION Loss of E-cadherin and up-regulation of ZEB1 from OED to OSCC,predisposes to induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition.Discriminant formulas are developed to classify cases of OED and OSCC with 85%accuracy.
基金supported by Education Department of Anhui(NoKJ2012Z148)
文摘Objective:To study the relationship of the expressions of p53 and mdm2 in leukoplakia cancer.Methods:RT-PCR was used to detect the mRNA of p53,mdm2 in patients with leukoplakia cancer.The frequencies of p53,mdm2 in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometric analysis.Results:The expression of p53mRNA in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were 7.7%,27.3%,33.3%,56.8%,respectively.The frequencies of p53 in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were(0.3±0.1)%,(l.6±0.9)%,(1.9±1.1)%,(3.4±1.8)%.The expression of mdm2 mRNA in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were 0.0%,6.8%,11.1%,37.8%,respectively.The frequencies of mdm2 in normal oral mucosa,simple oral leukoplakia,no-simple oral leukoplakia and leukoplakia cancer were(0.1±0.1)%,(0.8±0.6)%,(1.2±0.8)%,(1.2±0.8)%.There was a positively correlation between p53 mRNA and mdm2 mRNA.Conclusions:The positive rate of p53 and mdm2 cells in the peripheral blood increases in patients with leukoplakia cancer tissue and has positive correlation with the severity of leukoplakia cancer.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.81671006 and 81300894)the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2019-I2M-5-038)+2 种基金the National Clinical Key Discipline Construction Project(No.PKUSSNKP-202102)the Program for New Clinical Techniques and Therapies of Peking University Hospital of Stomatology(No.PKUSSNCT-22A14)the Innovation Fund for Outstanding Doctoral Candidates of Peking University Health Science Center(No.BMU2022BSS001),China.
文摘Oral leukoplakia is a common precursor lesion of oral squamous cell carcinoma,which indicates a high potential of malignancy.The malignant transformation of oral leukoplakia seriously affects patient survival and quality of life;however,it is difficult to identify oral leukoplakia patients who will develop carcinoma because no biomarker exists to predict malignant transformation for effective clinical management.As a major problem in the field of head and neck pathologies,it is imperative to identify biomarkers of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia.In this review,we discuss the potential biomarkers of malignant transformation reported in the literature and explore the translational probabilities from bench to bedside.Although no single biomarker has yet been applied in the clinical setting,profiling for genomic instability might be a promising adjunct.
基金supported by grant from the Department of Atomic Energy–Board of research in Nuclear Sciences (DAE-BRNS)Project (Ref.No.2009/34/38)12.
文摘Premalignant lesions like oral lichen planus(OLP),oral leukoplakia(OL)has a fair probability of transforming into malignancy and they are perverse toward conventional therapies.Photody-namic therapy(PDT)has been considered as an alternative/complimentary therapeutic mo-dality for the management of premalignant lesions.In this study,methylene blue mediated photodynamic therapy(MB-PDT)was used as a possible alternative method for the treatment of OLP and OL.A total of 15 OLP lesions and 13 OL lesions were enrolled in the study.The patients were irradiated 1using metal halide lamp filtered at 630土10nm,with a light exposure dose of 120 J/cm^(2) per stting.For the OLP lesions,MB-PDT was performed once a week for four weeks and for the OL lesions,MB-PDT was performed twice a week for three weeks.Lesions were evaluated pre-and post-and at follow-u sessions by changes in sign and symptom scores,and size of lesions.We have observed a 53.3%of complete reduction in the treated OLP lesions and their decrease in size,sign and symptom score after treatment and at follow-up session was statistially signifcant.We have also observed complete response for one OL lesion of the 13 treated lesions.The result indicates that MB-PDT is an effective modality in management of OLP and OL.Among the two types of premalignancies treated with MB-PDT,OLP lesions responded much better than that of OL.
基金supported by a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists B 23792391 from the Ministry of Education,Culture,Sports, Science and Technology,Japan
文摘In the present study,we investigate the expression profile of the epidermal growth factor receptor family,which comprises EGFR/ ErbBl,HER2/ErbB2,HER3/ErbB3 and HER4/ErbB4 in oral leukoplakia(LP).The expression of four epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family genes and their ligands were measured in LP tissues from 14 patients and compared with levels in 10 patients with oral lichen planus(OLP) and normal oral mucosa(NOM) from 14 healthy donors by real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR) and immunohistochemistry.Synchronous mRNA coexpression of ErbBl,ErbB2,ErbB3and ErbB4 was detected in LP lesions.Out of the receptors,only ErbB4 mRNA and protein was more highly expressed in LP compared with NOM tissues.These were strongly expressed by epithelial keratinocytes in LP lesions,as shown by immunohistochemistry.Regarding the ligands,the mRNA of Neuregulin2 and 4 were more highly expressed in OLP compared with NOM tissues.Therefore,enhanced ErbB4 on the keratinocytes and synchronous modulation of EGFR family genes may contribute to the pathogenesis and carcinogenesis of LP.
文摘AIM To elucidate the profile of the salivary proteome.METHODS Unstimulated whole mouth saliva was collected from 30 volunteers [15 proliferative verrucous leukoplakia(PVL) patients and 15 controls] and proteins were submitted for mass spectrometry-based proteomics using the discovery approach,followed by analyses of variance and logistic regression tests.RESULTS A total of two hundred and eighty-three proteins were confidently identified in saliva.By combining two low abundance proteins from the PVL group,angiotensinogen(AGT) and dipeptidyl peptidase 1(DPP1),a model for group differentiation was built with a concordance index of 94.2%,identifying both proteins as potential etiologic biomarkers for PVL.CONCLUSION This study suggests that both AGT and DPP1 may be involved in developmental mechanisms of PVL.
基金National Council for Scientific and Technological Development(CNPq)Office of the Dean of Research of Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais(PRPq,#01/2014).
文摘Oral hairy leukoplakia(OHL) is a disease associated with Epstein-Barr virus and human immunodeficiency virus infections. OHL is usually an asymptomatic lesion, but in some cases treatment is recommended to reestablish the normal characteristics of the tongue, to eliminate pathogenic microorganisms, to improve patient comfort and for cosmetic reasons. Proposed treatments for this condition include surgery, systemic antiviral treatment and topical management. Topical treatment is an inexpensive and safe therapy that is easy to apply, noninvasive, free of systemic adverse effects and effective over a long period of time. The aim of this study was to present a review of the literature for topical therapy for OHL. Gentian violet, retinoids, podophyllin, acyclovir and podophyllin associated with topical antiviral drugs were used to treat OHL. Reports with this focus are limited, and since 2010, no new studies have been published that discuss the efficacy of topical treatments for OHL. Podophyllin with acyclovircream was found to be effective, causing regression of lesions with no recurrences. Additional searches are necessary to provide clinical evidence of topical man agement effectiveness.
文摘Vulvar leukoplakia refers to the chronic disease of degeneration and hypopigmentation of the skin and mucous membrane of the vulva with unbearable itching in women, seriously affecting the quality of life. The main treatment of western medicine for vulvar leukoplakia is the external use of glucocorticoids or estrogen, resulting to the high recurrence rate and side effects. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has the characteristics of the overall concept and dialectical treatment with a variety of ways. Literature review in recent years found that the treatment of TCM decoction combined with external therapies, such as external fumigation, acupuncture and other treatments, or the combination of TCM decoction and external western medicine hormone ointment, can obtain good effects in vulvar leukoplakia. During the clinical practice, we found that the use of TCM internally and externally combined with auricular acupuncture point bloodletting was highly effective with unique advantages in the treatment of vulvar leukoplakia, providing the ideas guidance for clinicians.
文摘The amplification and the G-T mutation at codon 12 of the C-Ha-ras oncogene in oral leukoplakia tissues were analyzed by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and molecular biologic technique. The results showed that these tissues had no amplification of Ha-ras oncogene. Only one case harbored G-T mutation in 11 oral leukoplakias, but this mutation was absent in 10 normal oral mucosal tissues. The possible role and significance of C-Ha-ras oncogene in oral precancerous lesions were also discussed.
文摘Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia is an intriguing disease, which occurs particularly in women aged greater than 60 years, is not associated with tobacco and alcohol, and has a high risk of recurrence and malignant transformation. Although it is well known that the typical presentation is characterized by multifocal and verrucous white lesions, there is no description that its initial clinical presentation may simulate a lichenoid reaction.
文摘Vocal fold leukoplakia(VFL)is a descriptive term for a white plaque in the true vocal folds(TVF).It is estimated at 10.2 cases per 100,000 males and 2.1 per 100,000 females.The most critical aspect of managing a VLF is achieving an accurate pathological diagnosis,since a white plaque in the TVF can have numerous differential diagnoses.Patients with VFL usually complain of hoarseness and vocal strain.The common cause of VFL is premalignant lesions with primary risk factors of tobacco and alcohol consumption.Inflammatory aggressors such as laryngopharyngeal reflux disease are proven to affect directly the incidence of VFL.Infectious agents such as human papilloma virus andHelicobacter pylori may also play a role in the development of VFL.Frequent differential diagnosis includes laryngeal candidiasis,prolonged ulcerative laryngitis,previous head and neck radiotherapy,and,more rarely,lichen planus.The clinical investigation for a VLF includes laryngeal exam through a rigid or a flexible laryngoscope;videochromoendoscopy is a useful tool.Biopsy is mandatory so a pathological diagnosis is made.The most accepted classification for VFL and premalignant lesions is the fifth edition of the World Health Organization,and it uses a two-tiered system.The treatment for VFL and premalignant lesions can be done by cold knife surgery,KTP laser,or CO_(2) laser.
基金Tsinghua Berkeley Shenzhen Institute and the Project of Basic Research of Shenzhen,China(JCYJ20170412101508433&JCYJ20180507183655307)National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0203100)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82271051,82070926).
文摘Fungal corneal ulcer is one of the leading causes of corneal blindness in developing countries.Corneal scars such as leukoplakia are formed due to inflammation,oxidative stress and non-directed repair,which seriously affect the patients'subsequent visual and life quality.In this study,drawing inspiration from the oriented structure of collagen fibers within the corneal stroma,we first proposed the directional arrangement of CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system at micro and macro scales based on the 3D printing extrusion method combined with secondary patterning.It played an antifungal role and induced oriented repair in therapy of fungal corneal ulcer.The results showed that it effectively inhibited Candida albicans,Aspergillus Niger,Fusarium sapropelum,which mainly affects TNF,NF-kappa B,and HIF-1 signaling pathways,achieving effective antifungal functions.More importantly,the fibroblasts interacted with extracellular matrix(ECM)of corneal stroma through formation of focal adhesions,promoted the proliferation and directional migration of cells in vitro,induced the directional alignment of collagen fibers and corneal stromal orthogonally oriented repair in vivo.This process is mainly associated with MYLK,MYL9,and ITGA3 molecules.Furthermore,the downregulation the growth factors TGF-βand PDGF-βinhibits myofibroblast development and reduces scar-type ECM production,thereby reducing corneal leukoplakia.It also activates the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway,promoting corneal healing.In conclusion,the oriented CuTA-CMHT hydrogel system mimics the orthogonal arrangement of collagen fibers,inhibits inflammation,eliminates reactive oxygen species,and reduces corneal leukoplakia,which is of great significance in the treatment of fungal corneal ulcer and is expected to write a new chapter in corneal tissue engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81671006,81300894,22050002,22050004)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-038)。
文摘Oral leukoplakia is the most common type of oral potentially malignant disorders and considered a precursor lesion to oral squamous cell carcinoma.However,a predictor of oral leukoplakia prognosis has not yet been identified.We investigated whether copy number alteration patterns may effectively predict the prognostic outcomes of oral leukoplakia using routinely processed paraffin sections.Comparison of copy number alteration patterns between oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia(HOL,n=22)and dysplasia(DOL,n=21)showed that oral leukoplakia with dysplasia had a higher copy number alteration rate(86%)than oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia(46%).Oral leukoplakia with dysplasia exhibited a wider range of genomic variations across all chromosomes compared with oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia.We also examined a retrospective cohort of 477 patients with oral leukoplakia with hyperplasia with detailed follow-up information.The malignant transformation(MT,n=19)and leukoplakia recurrence(LR,n=253)groups had higher frequencies of aneuploidy events and copy number loss rate than the free of disease(FD,n=205)group.Together,our results revealed the association between the degree of copy number alterations and the histological grade of oral leukoplakia and demonstrated that copy number alteration may be effective for prognosis prediction in oral leukoplakia patients with hyperplasia.
基金The research were supported by Grant Nos.304688/2021-5 and21/2022.
文摘Background Oral cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in men causing mortality if not diagnosedearly.In recent years,computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)using artificial intelligence techniques,in particular,deepneural networks have been investigated and several approaches have been proposed to deal with the automateddetection of various pathologies using digital images.Recent studies indicate that the fusion of images with thepatient’s clinical information is important for the final clinical diagnosis.As such dataset does not yet exist fororal cancer,as far as the authors are aware,a new dataset was collected consisting of histopathological images,demographic and clinical data.This study evaluated the importance of complementary data to histopathologicalimage analysis of oral leukoplakia and carcinoma for CAD.Methods A new dataset(NDB-UFES)was collected from 2011 to 2021 consisting of histopathological imagesand information.The 237 samples were curated and analyzed by oral pathologists generating the gold standardfor classification.State-of-the-art image fusion architectures and complementary data(Concatenation,MutualAttention,MetaBlock and MetaNet)using the latest deep learning backbones were investigated for 4 distincttasks to identify oral squamous cell carcinoma,leukoplakia with dysplasia and leukoplakia without dysplasia.We evaluate them using balanced accuracy,precision,recall and area under the ROC curve metrics.Results Experimental results indicate that the best models present balanced accuracy of 83.24%using images,demographic and clinical information with MetaBlock fusion and ResNetV2 backbone.It represents an improvement in performance of 30.68%(19.54 pp)in the task to differentiate samples diagnosed with oral squamous cellcarcinoma and leukoplakia with or without dysplasia.Conclusion This study indicates that cured demographic and clinical data may positively influence the performance of artificial intelligence models in automated classification of oral cancer.
文摘The morphometric analysis of the spinous cell in 16 specimens of oral submucous fibrosis (OSF) was made by using interactive image analysis system (IBAS-II). 19 parameters of the size and shape were chosen, and compared with normal mucosa, leukoplakia, dysplasia and carcinoma. The results indicated that the cell dimensions (area, perimeter, all kinds of diameter) and nuclear cytoplasmic ratio in OSF were between normal mucosa and dysplasia as well as carcinoma. The former showed a progressive decrease (P<0.01), and the latter showed a progressive increase (P<0.01). The dimensions of the nuclei did not show considerable differences among the groups (P>0.05). A series of discriminant functions had been developed with stepwise discriminant analysis, the agreement ratio for OSF was 93.75%. The decrease of cell area and the increase of nuclear cytoplasmic ratio could reflect a malignant progress. The cell morphometric model could discriminate OSF well from other groups, suggesting that the change of the epith
