Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,emphasizing the urgent need for reliable and interpretable predictive models to support early diagnosis and timely intervention.However,existing Deep Learni...Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,emphasizing the urgent need for reliable and interpretable predictive models to support early diagnosis and timely intervention.However,existing Deep Learning(DL)approaches often face several limitations,including inefficient feature extraction,class imbalance,suboptimal classification performance,and limited interpretability,which collectively hinder their deployment in clinical settings.To address these challenges,we propose a novel DL framework for heart disease prediction that integrates a comprehensive preprocessing pipeline with an advanced classification architecture.The preprocessing stage involves label encoding and feature scaling.To address the issue of class imbalance inherent in the personal key indicators of the heart disease dataset,the localized random affine shadowsampling technique is employed,which enhances minority class representation while minimizing overfitting.At the core of the framework lies the Deep Residual Network(DeepResNet),which employs hierarchical residual transformations to facilitate efficient feature extraction and capture complex,non-linear relationships in the data.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model significantly outperforms existing techniques,achieving improvements of 3.26%in accuracy,3.16%in area under the receiver operating characteristics,1.09%in recall,and 1.07%in F1-score.Furthermore,robustness is validated using 10-fold crossvalidation,confirming the model’s generalizability across diverse data distributions.Moreover,model interpretability is ensured through the integration of Shapley additive explanations and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations,offering valuable insights into the contribution of individual features to model predictions.Overall,the proposed DL framework presents a robust,interpretable,and clinically applicable solution for heart disease prediction.展开更多
The moving morphable component(MMC)topology optimization method,as a typical explicit topology optimization method,has been widely concerned.In the MMC topology optimization framework,the surrogate material model is m...The moving morphable component(MMC)topology optimization method,as a typical explicit topology optimization method,has been widely concerned.In the MMC topology optimization framework,the surrogate material model is mainly used for finite element analysis at present,and the effectiveness of the surrogate material model has been fully confirmed.However,there are some accuracy problems when dealing with boundary elements using the surrogate material model,which will affect the topology optimization results.In this study,a boundary element reconstruction(BER)model is proposed based on the surrogate material model under the MMC topology optimization framework to improve the accuracy of topology optimization.The proposed BER model can reconstruct the boundary elements by refining the local meshes and obtaining new nodes in boundary elements.Then the density of boundary elements is recalculated using the new node information,which is more accurate than the original model.Based on the new density of boundary elements,the material properties and volume information of the boundary elements are updated.Compared with other finite element analysis methods,the BER model is simple and feasible and can improve computational accuracy.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by comparing it with the optimization results of the original surrogate material model through several numerical examples.展开更多
This paper seeks to present with statistical tables the history of Chinese Buddhism in Singapore during the past 120 years. Employing the methodology of religious anthropology and religious sociology, this history is ...This paper seeks to present with statistical tables the history of Chinese Buddhism in Singapore during the past 120 years. Employing the methodology of religious anthropology and religious sociology, this history is traced in the context of the colonial rule, independence, and modern administration of Singapore. The early transmission of Chinese Buddhism to Singapore was a symbol of civilization and power, which was closely associated with immigrant societies and association power structure. Around the Second World War, following the propagation of Humanistic Buddhism(Buddhism in human life, renjian fojiao 人间佛教) in Singapore, its characteristics including elite feature and transcendence were culturally acknowledged by mainstream society. Meanwhile, during the 1940s, that laywomen built Buddhist temples appeared as a prominent phenomenon. As Chinese Buddhism from Chinese mainland ceased to spread to Singapore, Chinese Buddhism, as a local religion, has been completely embedded in the capitalist institutions, and thus the modernity of Humanistic Buddhism and capitalism reach coincidence in the context. Against the background of Humanistic Buddhism, after the 1960s, Chinese Buddhism has made more achievements in education, culture, charity, and organizations, showing a combination of gender awareness, elite feature, and social actions. The practice of Chinese Buddhism in Singapore for the 120 years is a story in which Chinese Buddhism has gradually got rid of the localism of an agricultural civilization while returning to the globalism of modern civilization. Its experiences aptly demonstrate the struggles and inner motives for modernization of Chinese Buddhism.展开更多
The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmiss...The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction analysis were conducted to characterize the progressive transformation-induced plasticity process and associated fracture initiation mechanisms.These findings were discussed with the local strain measurements via digital image correlation.The results indicated that Lüders band formation in the steel was limited to 1.5%strain,which was mainly due to the early-stage martensitic phase transformation of a very small amount of the less stable large-sized retained austenite(RA),which led to localized stress concentrations and strain hardening and further retardation of yielding.The small-sized RA exhibited high stability and progressively transformed into martensite and contributed to a stably extended Portevin-Le Chatelier effect.The volume fraction of RA gradually decreased from 26.8%to 8.2%prior to fracture.In the late deformation stage,fracture initiation primarily occurred at the austenite/martensite and ferrite/martensite interfaces and the ferrite phase.展开更多
In this paper,we present local functional law of the iterated logarithm for Cs?rg?-Révész type increments of fractional Brownian motion.The results obtained extend works of Gantert[Ann.Probab.,1993,21(2):104...In this paper,we present local functional law of the iterated logarithm for Cs?rg?-Révész type increments of fractional Brownian motion.The results obtained extend works of Gantert[Ann.Probab.,1993,21(2):1045-1049]and Monrad and Rootzén[Probab.Theory Related Fields,1995,101(2):173-192].展开更多
Laser-welded Ti-6Al-4 V is prone to severe residual stresses,microstructural variation,and structural de-fects which are known detrimental to the mechanical properties of weld joints.Residual stress removal is typical...Laser-welded Ti-6Al-4 V is prone to severe residual stresses,microstructural variation,and structural de-fects which are known detrimental to the mechanical properties of weld joints.Residual stress removal is typically applied to weld joints for engineering purposes via heat treatment,in order to avoid prema-ture failure and performance degradation.In the present work,we found that proper welding residual stresses in laser-welded Ti-6Al-4 V sheets can maintain better ductility during uniaxial tension,as op-posed to the stress-relieved counterparts.A detailed experimental investigation has been performed on the deformation behaviours of Ti-6Al-4 V butt welds,including residual stress distribution characteriza-tions by focused ion beam ring-coring coupled with digital image correlation(FIB-DIC),X-ray comput-erized tomography(CT)for internal voids,and in-situ DIC analysis of the subregional strain evolutions.It was found that the pores preferentially distributed near the fusion zone(FZ)boundary,where the compressive residual stress was up to-330 MPa.The removal of residual stress resulted in a changed failure initiation site from the base material to the FZ boundary,the former with ductile and the latter with brittle fracture characteristics under tensile deformation.The combined effects of residual stresses,microstructures,and internal pores on the mechanical responses are discussed in detail.This work high-lights the importance of inevitable residual stress and pores in laser weld pieces,leading to key insights for post-welding treatment and service performance evaluations.展开更多
Oxygen release and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage endlessly exacerbate interfacial ramifications and structu ral degradation of high energy-density Li-rich layered oxide(LLO),leading to voltage and capac...Oxygen release and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage endlessly exacerbate interfacial ramifications and structu ral degradation of high energy-density Li-rich layered oxide(LLO),leading to voltage and capacity fading.Herein,the dual-strategy of Cr,B complex coating and local gradient doping is simultaneously achieved on LLO surface by a one-step wet chemical reaction at room temperature.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations prove that stable B-O and Cr-O bonds through the local gradient doping can significantly reduce the high-energy O 2p states of interfacial lattice O,which is also effective for the near-surface lattice O,thus greatly stabilizing the LLO surface,Besides,differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS)indicates that the Cr_(x)B complex coating can adequately inhibit oxygen release and prevents the migration or dissolution of transition metal ions,including allowing speedy Li^(+)migration,The voltage and capacity fading of the modified cathode(LLO-C_(r)B)are adequately suppressed,which are benefited from the uniformly dense cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)composed of balanced organic/inorganic composition.Therefore,the specific capacity of LLO-CrB after 200 cycles at 1C is 209.3 mA h g^(-1)(with a retention rate of 95.1%).This dual-strategy through a one-step wet chemical reaction is expected to be applied in the design and development of other anionic redox cathode materials.展开更多
The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence.Therefore,a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is i...The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence.Therefore,a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is imperative to ensure thorough tumor resection.In this study,we integrate Raman imaging technology with an artificial intelligence(AI)generative model,proposing an innovative approach for intraoperative margin status diagnosis.This method utilizes Raman imaging to swiftly and non-invasively capture tissue Raman images,which are then transformed into hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)-stained histopathological images using an AI generative model for histopathological diagnosis.The generated H&E-stained images clearly illustrate the tissue’s pathological conditions.Independently reviewed by three pathologists,the overall diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between tumor tissue and normal muscle tissue reaches 86.7%.Notably,it outperforms current clinical practices,especially in TSCC with positive lymph node metastasis or moderately differentiated grades.This advancement highlights the potential of AI-enhanced Raman imaging to significantly improve intraoperative assessments and surgical margin evaluations,promising a versatile diagnostic tool beyond TSCC.展开更多
A multi-phase heterogeneous FeCoNi-based high-entropy alloy is developed to overcome the trade-off between strength and ductility.By alloying with a small amount of Cu and employing a rapid recrystalliza-tion process,...A multi-phase heterogeneous FeCoNi-based high-entropy alloy is developed to overcome the trade-off between strength and ductility.By alloying with a small amount of Cu and employing a rapid recrystalliza-tion process,it exhibits a good combination of yield strength(roughly 1300 MPa)and ductility(approach-ing 20%).Firstly,a multi-phase heterogeneous structure is tailored ranging from nano to micron.Cu is efficiently precipitated as nanoscale clusters(4.2 nm),high-density cuboidal L1_(2) particles(20-40 nm)and L2_(1) particles(500-800 nm)are found to be embedded in the matrix and a bimodal heterogeneous grain structure(1-40μm)is constructed.Secondly,the introduction of Cu effectively suppresses the pre-cipitation of coarse L21 phase at grain boundaries,reducing its volume fraction by 80%and replaced by smaller-scale continuous precipitations within the grains.Thirdly,the high mixing enthalpy gap of Cu and the matrix leads to the formation of local chemical fluctuation and the consequential rugged topog-raphy in the matrix,which result in retarded dislocation motion and promotes dislocation plugging and interlocking during strain,enhancing yield stress and work hardening rate.This study provides a valuable perspective to enhance strength and ductility via enlarged local chemical fluctuation-tailored multi-phase heterogeneous structures.展开更多
Spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) generates a ranked list of suspicious elements by using the program execution spectrum, but the excessive number of elements ranked in parallel results in low localization accu...Spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) generates a ranked list of suspicious elements by using the program execution spectrum, but the excessive number of elements ranked in parallel results in low localization accuracy. Most researchers consider intra-class dependencies to improve localization accuracy. However, some studies show that inter-class method call type faults account for more than 20%, which means such methods still have certain limitations. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a two-phase software fault localization based on relational graph convolutional neural networks (Two-RGCNFL). Firstly, in Phase 1, the method call dependence graph (MCDG) of the program is constructed, the intra-class and inter-class dependencies in MCDG are extracted by using the relational graph convolutional neural network, and the classifier is used to identify the faulty methods. Then, the GraphSMOTE algorithm is improved to alleviate the impact of class imbalance on classification accuracy. Aiming at the problem of parallel ranking of element suspicious values in traditional SBFL technology, in Phase 2, Doc2Vec is used to learn static features, while spectrum information serves as dynamic features. A RankNet model based on siamese multi-layer perceptron is constructed to score and rank statements in the faulty method. This work conducts experiments on 5 real projects of Defects4J benchmark. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional SBFL technique and two baseline methods, our approach improves the Top-1 accuracy by 262.86%, 29.59% and 53.01%, respectively, which verifies the effectiveness of Two-RGCNFL. Furthermore, this work verifies the importance of inter-class dependencies through ablation experiments.展开更多
Graphite-silicon species(Gr-Si)hybrid anodes have merged as potential candidates for high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),yet long been plagued by rapid capacity fading due to their unstable mechano-electrochemistr...Graphite-silicon species(Gr-Si)hybrid anodes have merged as potential candidates for high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),yet long been plagued by rapid capacity fading due to their unstable mechano-electrochemistry.The dominant approach to enhance electrochemical stability of the Gr-Si hybrid anodes typically involves the optimization of the electrode material structures and the employment of low active Si species content in electrode(<10 wt%in most instances).However,the electrode structure design,a factor of equal importance in determining the electrochemical performance of Gr-Si hybrid anodes,has received scant attention.In this study,three Gr-Si hybrid anodes with the identical material composition but distinct electrode structures are designed to investigate the mechanoelectrochemistry of the electrodes.It is revealed that the substantial volume change of Si species particles in Gr-Si hybrid anodes led to the local lattice stress of Gr at their contact interface during the charge/discharge processes,thereby increasing thermodynamic and kinetic barrier of Li-ion migration.Furthermore,the huge disparity in volume change of Si species and Gr particles trigger the separate agglomeration of these two materials,resulting in a considerable electrode volume change and increased electrochemical resistance.An advanced Gr/Si hybrid anode with upper Gr and lower Si species layer structure design addresses the above challenges using photovoltaic waste silicon sources under high Si species content(17 wt%)and areal capacity(2.0 mA h cm^(-2))in Ah-level full pouch cells with a low negative/positive(N/P)ratio of 1.09.The cell shows stable cycling for 100 cycles at 0.3 C with an impressively low capacity decay rate of 0.0546%per cycle,outperforming most reported Gr-Si hybrid anodes.展开更多
The proposed hybrid optimization algorithm integrates particle swarm optimizatio(PSO)with Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)to improve a number of pitfalls within PSO methods traditionally considered and/or applied to indus...The proposed hybrid optimization algorithm integrates particle swarm optimizatio(PSO)with Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)to improve a number of pitfalls within PSO methods traditionally considered and/or applied to industrial robots.Particle Swarm Optimization may frequently suffer from local optima and inaccuracies in identifying the geometric parameters,which are necessary for applications requiring high-accuracy performances.The proposed approach integrates pheromone-based learning of ACO with the D-H method of developing an error model;hence,the global search effectiveness together with the convergence accuracy is further improved.Comparison studies of the hybrid PSO-ACO algorithm show higher precision and effectiveness in the optimization of geometric error parameters compared to the traditional methods.This is a remarkable reduction of localization errors,thus yielding accuracy and reliability in industrial robotic systems,as the results show.This approach improves performance in those applications that demand high geometric calibration by reducing the geometric error.The paper provides an overview of input for developing robotics and automation,giving importance to precision in industrial engineering.The proposed hybrid methodology is a good way to enhance the working accuracy and effectiveness of industrial robots and shall enable their wide application to complex tasks that require a high degree of accuracy.展开更多
The Mg-9Li-1Zn(LZ91)alloy was subjected to an ultrasonic surface rolling process(USRP)with varying passes for the purpose of modifying its surface state.The USRP transformed surface residual stress from initial tensil...The Mg-9Li-1Zn(LZ91)alloy was subjected to an ultrasonic surface rolling process(USRP)with varying passes for the purpose of modifying its surface state.The USRP transformed surface residual stress from initial tensile stress to compressive stress,decreasing the surface roughness and increasing the ratio of the β-Li phase.The USRPed LZ91 sample(3 passes)showed superior corrosion resistance,with the corrosion current density changing from 57.11 to 24.70μA cm^(-2),and the polarization resistance increasing from 576.3 to 1146.1Ωcm^(2).According to the corrosion procedure evaluations,in situ observation revealed that the LZ91 alloy initially experiences pitting,which subsequently develops into cracking.The substantial area coverage of the β-Li phase facilitates the formation of a protective film on the surface,effectively delaying localized corrosion.展开更多
Neurons are highly polarized cells with axons reaching over a meter long in adult humans.To survive and maintain their proper function,neurons depend on specific mechanisms that regulate spatiotemporal signaling and m...Neurons are highly polarized cells with axons reaching over a meter long in adult humans.To survive and maintain their proper function,neurons depend on specific mechanisms that regulate spatiotemporal signaling and metabolic events,which need to be carried out at the right place,time,and intensity.Such mechanisms include axonal transport,local synthesis,and liquid-liquid phase separations.Alterations and malfunctions in these processes are correlated to neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).展开更多
Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong disability.Currently,there are no FDA-approved therapies a...Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong disability.Currently,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve regeneration.Tacrolimus accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve surgery.The authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug exposure.Tacrolimus is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 days.Size and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible byproducts.Tacrolimus released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic delivery.Given its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP)is a rare,low-grade,locally aggressive cutaneous sarcoma.DFSP in the periocular region is exceedingly rare,leading to diagnostic and surgical challenges due to anatomica...BACKGROUND Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP)is a rare,low-grade,locally aggressive cutaneous sarcoma.DFSP in the periocular region is exceedingly rare,leading to diagnostic and surgical challenges due to anatomical constraints in the periocular region.Precise diagnosis is essential to guide appropriate surgical management and prevent recurrence.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old female presented with a recurrent tumor in the medial canthus,previously diagnosed as a solitary fibrous tumor in an outside institution.After complete radiological and systemic workup,she was scheduled for a wide local excision followed by reconstruction after getting tumor clear margins on frozen section.Histopathology confirmed DFSP,characterized by storiform spindle cell proliferation,diffuse cluster of differentiation 34 positivity,and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 negativity.CONCLUSION This case highlights the challenges in the diagnostic and surgical management of DFSP in periocular tumors.Comprehensive surgical excision with appropriate reconstruction is critical for achieving oncological control while preserving aesthetics and function.展开更多
Introducing B2 ordering can effectively improve the mechanical properties of lightweight refractory high-entropy alloys(LRHEAs).However,(Zr,Al)-enriched B2 precipitates generally reduce the ductility because their ord...Introducing B2 ordering can effectively improve the mechanical properties of lightweight refractory high-entropy alloys(LRHEAs).However,(Zr,Al)-enriched B2 precipitates generally reduce the ductility because their ordering characteristic is destroyed after dislocation shearing.Meanwhile,the local chemical order(LCO)cannot provide an adequate strengthening effect due to its small size.展开更多
基金funded by Ongoing Research Funding Program for Project number(ORF-2025-648),King Saud University,Riyadh,Saudi Arabia.
文摘Heart disease remains a leading cause of mortality worldwide,emphasizing the urgent need for reliable and interpretable predictive models to support early diagnosis and timely intervention.However,existing Deep Learning(DL)approaches often face several limitations,including inefficient feature extraction,class imbalance,suboptimal classification performance,and limited interpretability,which collectively hinder their deployment in clinical settings.To address these challenges,we propose a novel DL framework for heart disease prediction that integrates a comprehensive preprocessing pipeline with an advanced classification architecture.The preprocessing stage involves label encoding and feature scaling.To address the issue of class imbalance inherent in the personal key indicators of the heart disease dataset,the localized random affine shadowsampling technique is employed,which enhances minority class representation while minimizing overfitting.At the core of the framework lies the Deep Residual Network(DeepResNet),which employs hierarchical residual transformations to facilitate efficient feature extraction and capture complex,non-linear relationships in the data.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model significantly outperforms existing techniques,achieving improvements of 3.26%in accuracy,3.16%in area under the receiver operating characteristics,1.09%in recall,and 1.07%in F1-score.Furthermore,robustness is validated using 10-fold crossvalidation,confirming the model’s generalizability across diverse data distributions.Moreover,model interpretability is ensured through the integration of Shapley additive explanations and local interpretable model-agnostic explanations,offering valuable insights into the contribution of individual features to model predictions.Overall,the proposed DL framework presents a robust,interpretable,and clinically applicable solution for heart disease prediction.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(242102241055)the Industry-University-Research Collaborative Innovation Base on Automobile Lightweight of“Science and Technology Innovation in Central Plains”(2024KCZY315)the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Structural Analysis,Optimization and CAE Software for Industrial Equipment(GZ2024A03-ZZU).
文摘The moving morphable component(MMC)topology optimization method,as a typical explicit topology optimization method,has been widely concerned.In the MMC topology optimization framework,the surrogate material model is mainly used for finite element analysis at present,and the effectiveness of the surrogate material model has been fully confirmed.However,there are some accuracy problems when dealing with boundary elements using the surrogate material model,which will affect the topology optimization results.In this study,a boundary element reconstruction(BER)model is proposed based on the surrogate material model under the MMC topology optimization framework to improve the accuracy of topology optimization.The proposed BER model can reconstruct the boundary elements by refining the local meshes and obtaining new nodes in boundary elements.Then the density of boundary elements is recalculated using the new node information,which is more accurate than the original model.Based on the new density of boundary elements,the material properties and volume information of the boundary elements are updated.Compared with other finite element analysis methods,the BER model is simple and feasible and can improve computational accuracy.Finally,the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are verified by comparing it with the optimization results of the original surrogate material model through several numerical examples.
基金the middle-stage research findings of the 2017 Major Grant of the Chinese National Social Sciences Fund titled“Social Life History of Chinese Buddhist Monks”(17ZDA233)
文摘This paper seeks to present with statistical tables the history of Chinese Buddhism in Singapore during the past 120 years. Employing the methodology of religious anthropology and religious sociology, this history is traced in the context of the colonial rule, independence, and modern administration of Singapore. The early transmission of Chinese Buddhism to Singapore was a symbol of civilization and power, which was closely associated with immigrant societies and association power structure. Around the Second World War, following the propagation of Humanistic Buddhism(Buddhism in human life, renjian fojiao 人间佛教) in Singapore, its characteristics including elite feature and transcendence were culturally acknowledged by mainstream society. Meanwhile, during the 1940s, that laywomen built Buddhist temples appeared as a prominent phenomenon. As Chinese Buddhism from Chinese mainland ceased to spread to Singapore, Chinese Buddhism, as a local religion, has been completely embedded in the capitalist institutions, and thus the modernity of Humanistic Buddhism and capitalism reach coincidence in the context. Against the background of Humanistic Buddhism, after the 1960s, Chinese Buddhism has made more achievements in education, culture, charity, and organizations, showing a combination of gender awareness, elite feature, and social actions. The practice of Chinese Buddhism in Singapore for the 120 years is a story in which Chinese Buddhism has gradually got rid of the localism of an agricultural civilization while returning to the globalism of modern civilization. Its experiences aptly demonstrate the struggles and inner motives for modernization of Chinese Buddhism.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFB0304402)。
文摘The microstructural evolution of a cold-rolled and intercritical annealed medium-Mn steel(Fe-0.10C-5Mn)was investigated during uniaxial tensile testing.In-situ observations under scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,and X-ray diffraction analysis were conducted to characterize the progressive transformation-induced plasticity process and associated fracture initiation mechanisms.These findings were discussed with the local strain measurements via digital image correlation.The results indicated that Lüders band formation in the steel was limited to 1.5%strain,which was mainly due to the early-stage martensitic phase transformation of a very small amount of the less stable large-sized retained austenite(RA),which led to localized stress concentrations and strain hardening and further retardation of yielding.The small-sized RA exhibited high stability and progressively transformed into martensite and contributed to a stably extended Portevin-Le Chatelier effect.The volume fraction of RA gradually decreased from 26.8%to 8.2%prior to fracture.In the late deformation stage,fracture initiation primarily occurred at the austenite/martensite and ferrite/martensite interfaces and the ferrite phase.
基金Supported by NSFC(Nos.11661025,12161024)Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi(Nos.2020GXNSFAA159118,2021GXNSFAA196045)+2 种基金Guangxi Science and Technology Project(No.Guike AD20297006)Training Program for 1000 Young and Middle-aged Cadre Teachers in Universities of GuangxiNational College Student's Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program(No.202110595049)。
文摘In this paper,we present local functional law of the iterated logarithm for Cs?rg?-Révész type increments of fractional Brownian motion.The results obtained extend works of Gantert[Ann.Probab.,1993,21(2):1045-1049]and Monrad and Rootzén[Probab.Theory Related Fields,1995,101(2):173-192].
基金supported by the National Key Re-search&Development Plan of China(No.2020YFA0405900)the Major Research Plan of the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China(No.92263201)Y.P.Xia would like to thank the support by the Jiangsu Funding Program for Excellent Postdoctoral Talent.All authors thank the Advanced Material Research Institute of Jiangsu Industrial Technology Research Institute(JITRI,Suzhou,China)for the experimental support.
文摘Laser-welded Ti-6Al-4 V is prone to severe residual stresses,microstructural variation,and structural de-fects which are known detrimental to the mechanical properties of weld joints.Residual stress removal is typically applied to weld joints for engineering purposes via heat treatment,in order to avoid prema-ture failure and performance degradation.In the present work,we found that proper welding residual stresses in laser-welded Ti-6Al-4 V sheets can maintain better ductility during uniaxial tension,as op-posed to the stress-relieved counterparts.A detailed experimental investigation has been performed on the deformation behaviours of Ti-6Al-4 V butt welds,including residual stress distribution characteriza-tions by focused ion beam ring-coring coupled with digital image correlation(FIB-DIC),X-ray comput-erized tomography(CT)for internal voids,and in-situ DIC analysis of the subregional strain evolutions.It was found that the pores preferentially distributed near the fusion zone(FZ)boundary,where the compressive residual stress was up to-330 MPa.The removal of residual stress resulted in a changed failure initiation site from the base material to the FZ boundary,the former with ductile and the latter with brittle fracture characteristics under tensile deformation.The combined effects of residual stresses,microstructures,and internal pores on the mechanical responses are discussed in detail.This work high-lights the importance of inevitable residual stress and pores in laser weld pieces,leading to key insights for post-welding treatment and service performance evaluations.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.12304077)the Natural Science Foundation of Science and Technology Department of Sichuan Province(No.23NSFSC6224)+3 种基金Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2024NSFSC0989)the Key Laboratory of Computational Physics of Sichuan Province(No.YBUJSWL-YB-2022-03)the Material Corrosion and Protection Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(No.2023CL14 and No.2023CL01)the National Innovation Practice Project(No.202411079005S).
文摘Oxygen release and electrolyte decomposition under high voltage endlessly exacerbate interfacial ramifications and structu ral degradation of high energy-density Li-rich layered oxide(LLO),leading to voltage and capacity fading.Herein,the dual-strategy of Cr,B complex coating and local gradient doping is simultaneously achieved on LLO surface by a one-step wet chemical reaction at room temperature.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations prove that stable B-O and Cr-O bonds through the local gradient doping can significantly reduce the high-energy O 2p states of interfacial lattice O,which is also effective for the near-surface lattice O,thus greatly stabilizing the LLO surface,Besides,differential electrochemical mass spectrometry(DEMS)indicates that the Cr_(x)B complex coating can adequately inhibit oxygen release and prevents the migration or dissolution of transition metal ions,including allowing speedy Li^(+)migration,The voltage and capacity fading of the modified cathode(LLO-C_(r)B)are adequately suppressed,which are benefited from the uniformly dense cathode electrolyte interface(CEI)composed of balanced organic/inorganic composition.Therefore,the specific capacity of LLO-CrB after 200 cycles at 1C is 209.3 mA h g^(-1)(with a retention rate of 95.1%).This dual-strategy through a one-step wet chemical reaction is expected to be applied in the design and development of other anionic redox cathode materials.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.82272955 and 22203057)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant No.2021J011361).
文摘The presence of a positive deep surgical margin in tongue squamous cell carcinoma(TSCC)significantly elevates the risk of local recurrence.Therefore,a prompt and precise intraoperative assessment of margin status is imperative to ensure thorough tumor resection.In this study,we integrate Raman imaging technology with an artificial intelligence(AI)generative model,proposing an innovative approach for intraoperative margin status diagnosis.This method utilizes Raman imaging to swiftly and non-invasively capture tissue Raman images,which are then transformed into hematoxylin-eosin(H&E)-stained histopathological images using an AI generative model for histopathological diagnosis.The generated H&E-stained images clearly illustrate the tissue’s pathological conditions.Independently reviewed by three pathologists,the overall diagnostic accuracy for distinguishing between tumor tissue and normal muscle tissue reaches 86.7%.Notably,it outperforms current clinical practices,especially in TSCC with positive lymph node metastasis or moderately differentiated grades.This advancement highlights the potential of AI-enhanced Raman imaging to significantly improve intraoperative assessments and surgical margin evaluations,promising a versatile diagnostic tool beyond TSCC.
基金financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52104306,52274301,52334009)the Aeronautical Science Foundation of China(No.2023Z0530S6005)+3 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFB3712401)the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(No.21DZ1208900)the Academician Workstation of Kunming University of Science and Technology(2024),the Ningbo Yongjiang Talent-Introduction Programme(No.2022A-023-C)the Zhejiang Phenomenological Materials Technology Co.,Ltd.,China.
文摘A multi-phase heterogeneous FeCoNi-based high-entropy alloy is developed to overcome the trade-off between strength and ductility.By alloying with a small amount of Cu and employing a rapid recrystalliza-tion process,it exhibits a good combination of yield strength(roughly 1300 MPa)and ductility(approach-ing 20%).Firstly,a multi-phase heterogeneous structure is tailored ranging from nano to micron.Cu is efficiently precipitated as nanoscale clusters(4.2 nm),high-density cuboidal L1_(2) particles(20-40 nm)and L2_(1) particles(500-800 nm)are found to be embedded in the matrix and a bimodal heterogeneous grain structure(1-40μm)is constructed.Secondly,the introduction of Cu effectively suppresses the pre-cipitation of coarse L21 phase at grain boundaries,reducing its volume fraction by 80%and replaced by smaller-scale continuous precipitations within the grains.Thirdly,the high mixing enthalpy gap of Cu and the matrix leads to the formation of local chemical fluctuation and the consequential rugged topog-raphy in the matrix,which result in retarded dislocation motion and promotes dislocation plugging and interlocking during strain,enhancing yield stress and work hardening rate.This study provides a valuable perspective to enhance strength and ductility via enlarged local chemical fluctuation-tailored multi-phase heterogeneous structures.
基金funded by the Youth Fund of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42261070).
文摘Spectrum-based fault localization (SBFL) generates a ranked list of suspicious elements by using the program execution spectrum, but the excessive number of elements ranked in parallel results in low localization accuracy. Most researchers consider intra-class dependencies to improve localization accuracy. However, some studies show that inter-class method call type faults account for more than 20%, which means such methods still have certain limitations. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes a two-phase software fault localization based on relational graph convolutional neural networks (Two-RGCNFL). Firstly, in Phase 1, the method call dependence graph (MCDG) of the program is constructed, the intra-class and inter-class dependencies in MCDG are extracted by using the relational graph convolutional neural network, and the classifier is used to identify the faulty methods. Then, the GraphSMOTE algorithm is improved to alleviate the impact of class imbalance on classification accuracy. Aiming at the problem of parallel ranking of element suspicious values in traditional SBFL technology, in Phase 2, Doc2Vec is used to learn static features, while spectrum information serves as dynamic features. A RankNet model based on siamese multi-layer perceptron is constructed to score and rank statements in the faulty method. This work conducts experiments on 5 real projects of Defects4J benchmark. Experimental results show that, compared with the traditional SBFL technique and two baseline methods, our approach improves the Top-1 accuracy by 262.86%, 29.59% and 53.01%, respectively, which verifies the effectiveness of Two-RGCNFL. Furthermore, this work verifies the importance of inter-class dependencies through ablation experiments.
基金the financial support by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52072137)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22205068)the"CUG Scholar"Scientific Research Funds at China University of Geosciences(Wuhan)(2022118)。
文摘Graphite-silicon species(Gr-Si)hybrid anodes have merged as potential candidates for high-energy lithium-ion batteries(LIBs),yet long been plagued by rapid capacity fading due to their unstable mechano-electrochemistry.The dominant approach to enhance electrochemical stability of the Gr-Si hybrid anodes typically involves the optimization of the electrode material structures and the employment of low active Si species content in electrode(<10 wt%in most instances).However,the electrode structure design,a factor of equal importance in determining the electrochemical performance of Gr-Si hybrid anodes,has received scant attention.In this study,three Gr-Si hybrid anodes with the identical material composition but distinct electrode structures are designed to investigate the mechanoelectrochemistry of the electrodes.It is revealed that the substantial volume change of Si species particles in Gr-Si hybrid anodes led to the local lattice stress of Gr at their contact interface during the charge/discharge processes,thereby increasing thermodynamic and kinetic barrier of Li-ion migration.Furthermore,the huge disparity in volume change of Si species and Gr particles trigger the separate agglomeration of these two materials,resulting in a considerable electrode volume change and increased electrochemical resistance.An advanced Gr/Si hybrid anode with upper Gr and lower Si species layer structure design addresses the above challenges using photovoltaic waste silicon sources under high Si species content(17 wt%)and areal capacity(2.0 mA h cm^(-2))in Ah-level full pouch cells with a low negative/positive(N/P)ratio of 1.09.The cell shows stable cycling for 100 cycles at 0.3 C with an impressively low capacity decay rate of 0.0546%per cycle,outperforming most reported Gr-Si hybrid anodes.
文摘The proposed hybrid optimization algorithm integrates particle swarm optimizatio(PSO)with Ant Colony Optimization(ACO)to improve a number of pitfalls within PSO methods traditionally considered and/or applied to industrial robots.Particle Swarm Optimization may frequently suffer from local optima and inaccuracies in identifying the geometric parameters,which are necessary for applications requiring high-accuracy performances.The proposed approach integrates pheromone-based learning of ACO with the D-H method of developing an error model;hence,the global search effectiveness together with the convergence accuracy is further improved.Comparison studies of the hybrid PSO-ACO algorithm show higher precision and effectiveness in the optimization of geometric error parameters compared to the traditional methods.This is a remarkable reduction of localization errors,thus yielding accuracy and reliability in industrial robotic systems,as the results show.This approach improves performance in those applications that demand high geometric calibration by reducing the geometric error.The paper provides an overview of input for developing robotics and automation,giving importance to precision in industrial engineering.The proposed hybrid methodology is a good way to enhance the working accuracy and effectiveness of industrial robots and shall enable their wide application to complex tasks that require a high degree of accuracy.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52271091)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2021YFB3701100)the Natural Science Foundation Project of Ningxia Province(No.2023AAC03324).
文摘The Mg-9Li-1Zn(LZ91)alloy was subjected to an ultrasonic surface rolling process(USRP)with varying passes for the purpose of modifying its surface state.The USRP transformed surface residual stress from initial tensile stress to compressive stress,decreasing the surface roughness and increasing the ratio of the β-Li phase.The USRPed LZ91 sample(3 passes)showed superior corrosion resistance,with the corrosion current density changing from 57.11 to 24.70μA cm^(-2),and the polarization resistance increasing from 576.3 to 1146.1Ωcm^(2).According to the corrosion procedure evaluations,in situ observation revealed that the LZ91 alloy initially experiences pitting,which subsequently develops into cracking.The substantial area coverage of the β-Li phase facilitates the formation of a protective film on the surface,effectively delaying localized corrosion.
文摘Neurons are highly polarized cells with axons reaching over a meter long in adult humans.To survive and maintain their proper function,neurons depend on specific mechanisms that regulate spatiotemporal signaling and metabolic events,which need to be carried out at the right place,time,and intensity.Such mechanisms include axonal transport,local synthesis,and liquid-liquid phase separations.Alterations and malfunctions in these processes are correlated to neurodegenerative diseases such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS).
基金supported by the German Research Foundation(DA 2255/1-1to SCD)+4 种基金a SickKids Research Training Competition(RESTRACOMP)Graduate Scholarship(to KJWS)an Ontario Graduate Scholarship(to KJWS)a grant from Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada(NSERC)(to KJWS)a Kickstarter grant from the Institute of Biomedical Engineering(BME)at the University of Toronto(to KJWS)the Abe Frank Fund from the Riley’s Children Foundation(GHB)。
文摘Axonal regeneration following surgical nerve repair is slow and often incomplete,resulting in poor functional recovery which sometimes contributes to lifelong disability.Currently,there are no FDA-approved therapies available to promote nerve regeneration.Tacrolimus accelerates axonal regeneration,but systemic side effects presently outweigh its potential benefits for peripheral nerve surgery.The authors describe herein a biodegradable polyurethane-based drug delivery system for the sustained local release of tacrolimus at the nerve repair site,with suitable properties for scalable production and clinical application,aiming to promote nerve regeneration and functional recovery with minimal systemic drug exposure.Tacrolimus is encapsulated into co-axially electrospun polycarbonate-urethane nanofibers to generate an implantable nerve wrap that releases therapeutic doses of bioactive tacrolimus over 31 days.Size and drug loading are adjustable for applications in small and large caliber nerves,and the wrap degrades within 120 days into biocompatible byproducts.Tacrolimus released from the nerve wrap promotes axon elongation in vitro and accelerates nerve regeneration and functional recovery in preclinical nerve repair models while off-target systemic drug exposure is reduced by 80%compared with systemic delivery.Given its surgical suitability and preclinical efficacy and safety,this system may provide a readily translatable approach to support axonal regeneration and recovery in patients undergoing nerve surgery.
文摘BACKGROUND Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP)is a rare,low-grade,locally aggressive cutaneous sarcoma.DFSP in the periocular region is exceedingly rare,leading to diagnostic and surgical challenges due to anatomical constraints in the periocular region.Precise diagnosis is essential to guide appropriate surgical management and prevent recurrence.CASE SUMMARY A 32-year-old female presented with a recurrent tumor in the medial canthus,previously diagnosed as a solitary fibrous tumor in an outside institution.After complete radiological and systemic workup,she was scheduled for a wide local excision followed by reconstruction after getting tumor clear margins on frozen section.Histopathology confirmed DFSP,characterized by storiform spindle cell proliferation,diffuse cluster of differentiation 34 positivity,and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 negativity.CONCLUSION This case highlights the challenges in the diagnostic and surgical management of DFSP in periocular tumors.Comprehensive surgical excision with appropriate reconstruction is critical for achieving oncological control while preserving aesthetics and function.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52171166 and U20A20231)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province,China(Nos.2024JJ2060 and 2024JJ5406)+1 种基金the Key Laboratory of Materials in Dynamic Extremes of Sichuan Province(No.2023SCKT1102)the Postgraduate Scientific Research Innovation Project of National University of Defense Technology(No.XJJC2024065).
文摘Introducing B2 ordering can effectively improve the mechanical properties of lightweight refractory high-entropy alloys(LRHEAs).However,(Zr,Al)-enriched B2 precipitates generally reduce the ductility because their ordering characteristic is destroyed after dislocation shearing.Meanwhile,the local chemical order(LCO)cannot provide an adequate strengthening effect due to its small size.
