Background:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a prevalent respiratory ailment that has risen to become the foremost cause of mortality globally,and statins are a widely used class of lipid-modifying drugs.D...Background:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a prevalent respiratory ailment that has risen to become the foremost cause of mortality globally,and statins are a widely used class of lipid-modifying drugs.Data from some observational studies suggest an association between statins use and COPD.Objectives:The main objective of this study was to investigate whether lipids and apolipoproteins are bidirectionally causally associated with COPD at the genetic level using a Mendelian randomization(MR)design,and to determine the potential role of circulating inflammatory proteins as mediators in this association.Methods:The publicly available Genome-Wide Association Study(GWAS)database was utilised for the purposes of the analysis.The data on high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C),triglycerides(TG),apolipoprotein A-1(ApoA1),and apolipoprotein B(ApoB)were obtained from the UK BioBank,while the COPD dataset was obtained from the FinnGen BioBank R11(number of cases:21,617,number of controls:372,627).Furthermore,data were gathered on genetic variants linked to inflammatory processes,encompassing 91 circulating inflammatory proteins(n=14,823 individuals).A two-sample MR study was conducted using these data to assess the association between HDL-C,LDL-C,TG,ApoA1,and ApoB with the risk of COPD.Furthermore,in order to investigate the potential mediating influence of inflammatory factor alterations between lipids and COPD,a two-step Mendelian randomization(MR)mediation analysis was conducted.Results:The forward MR methods identified two lipids that were found to have a causal relationship with the development of COPD.An elevated level of LDL-C and ApoB was found to be associated with a diminished risk of COPD.Furthermore,the researchers identified circulating inflammatory factors that were determined to be the causal agents in the development of COPD.Mediation analysis indicated that the inflammatory protein S100-A12 may act as a mediator between the LDL-C and COPD pathways.Conclusion:The present MR study provides genetic evidence for a causal relationship between lipids and apolipoproteins and COPD,as well as identifying the inflammatory protein S100-A12 as a potential mediator of the COPD association.The findings offer valuable insights into the mechanistic studies of statins for COPD and potential targets for disease intervention and treatment.展开更多
Fucoxanthin,a kind of exclusively algae-derived carotenoids,could reduce lipid content and regulate gut microbiota composition in obese mice,showing potential in preventing hyperlipidemia.This study aimed to illustrat...Fucoxanthin,a kind of exclusively algae-derived carotenoids,could reduce lipid content and regulate gut microbiota composition in obese mice,showing potential in preventing hyperlipidemia.This study aimed to illustrate fucoxanthin efficacy in modulating lipid metabolism in serum and liver of high-fat-induced hyperlipidemia mice,as well as investigate the underlying association with gut microbiota changes.Results showed that fucoxanthin significantly reduced body weight gain and body white fat of the mice.In the serum,total triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC)contents were significantly decreased and high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol levels was significantly upregulated.Moreover,fucoxanthin remarkedly prevented lipid accumulation in the liver.Especially,metabolomics results showed that lipids and lipid-like molecules were significantly downregulated compared with the control,indicating the advance of hepatic lipid metabolism.Bile acids profile in the liver was also greatly changed by fucoxanthin.Meanwhile,fucoxanthin remodeled gut microbiota composition and promoted the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio,Blautia and Clostridia genera.Finally,correlation analysis revealed that these gut microbiota changes were closely related with hepatic metabolites/metabolism and serum lipids.Altogether,this study showed great potential of fucoxanthin in improving serum lipids profile,hepatic lipids and bile acids metabolism of hyperlipidemia mice,which was associated with gut microbiota alteration.展开更多
In the current study,the Zygomycetes fungus Cunninghamella elegans NRRL Y-1392 was evaluated for its ability to grow in extracts derived from dried and ground agricultural residues,such as mushroom stalks and roots fr...In the current study,the Zygomycetes fungus Cunninghamella elegans NRRL Y-1392 was evaluated for its ability to grow in extracts derived from dried and ground agricultural residues,such as mushroom stalks and roots from hydroponically cultivated lettuces and produce poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)andγ-linolenic acid(GLA)rich lipids.Initially,the compositions of stalks and lettuce roots were analysed,and the fungus was batch-flask cultivated on six different commercial semi-defined substrates containing different sugars detected in stalks and roots to evaluate its catabolic ability.C.elegans was capable to assimilate all sugars,but at a lower rate in the case of arabinose.Subsequently,C.elegans was cultivated on tailor-made semi-defined commercial substrates,resembling hydrolysates containing carbohydrates found in mushroom stalks,under both nitrogen-excess and nitrogen-limited conditions,and resembling that of hydrolysates of roots,under nitrogen-excess conditions.Based on the results,under nitrogen-excess conditions,in the case of media resembling stalks hydrolysates,higher production values for biomass,PUFAs,and GLA were observed(20.3 g/L,1906 mg/L,668 mg/L),accompanied by high productivity values due to short cultivation periods,while under nitrogen limitation,high lipid accumulation(lipid in dry cell weight=48%,w/w)was presented,and lipids rich in oleic acid were produced.Finally,the fungus was cultivated on a medium derived from hot water-extraction applied to mush-room stalks,enriched with organic nitrogen sources.The fungus was successfully grown on the sugar-rich waterextract derived from mushroom stalks,resulting in dry biomass of 14.5 g/L,lipids of 1.8 g/L,with 15%(w/w)of GLA in cellular lipids.展开更多
Objective:To study the clinical value of combined detection of blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods:105 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treated in ...Objective:To study the clinical value of combined detection of blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods:105 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treated in our hospital from May 2022 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.All patients underwent a B-ultrasound examination.According to the severity of the disease,they were divided into group A(mild,n=35),group B(moderate,n=44),and group C(severe,n=26).Another 30 healthy residents who came to the hospital for physical examination during the same period were selected as group D.The differences in blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function indicators between groups were compared.Results:The triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL)levels in groups A,B,and C were higher than those in group D,while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)level was lower(P<0.05).The fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels in groups B and C were higher than those in group D(P<0.05).The TG,LDL,and FPG levels in groups B and C were higher than those in group A(P<0.05).The TC level in group C was higher than that in group A,while the HDL level was lower(P<0.05).The TC and FPG levels in group C were higher than those in group B(P<0.05).The total bilirubin(TBil),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels in groups A,B,and C were higher than those in group D(P<0.05).The TBil and ALT levels in groups B and C were higher than those in group A(P<0.05).The AST level in group C was higher than that in group A(P<0.05).The AST and ALT levels in group C were higher than those in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have disordered glucose and lipid metabolism.Blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function are closely related to the severity of the disease.Strengthening exercise and dietary intervention early on can help control the progression of simple fatty liver disease and reduce the risk of severe liver diseases such as steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.展开更多
Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fatty acids(FA)saturation and lysophospholipids supplementation on growth,meat quality,oxidative stability,FA profiles,and lipid metabolism...Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fatty acids(FA)saturation and lysophospholipids supplementation on growth,meat quality,oxidative stability,FA profiles,and lipid metabolism of finishing beef bulls.Thirty-two Angus bulls(initial body weight:623±22.6 kg;21±0.5 months of age)were used.The experiment was a completely randomized block design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments:2 diets with FA of different degree of unsaturation[high saturated FA diet(HSFA)vs.high unsaturated FA diet(HUFA)]combined with(0.075%,dry matter basis)and without lysophospholipids supplementation.The bulls were fed a high-concentrate diet(forage to concentrate,15:85)for 104 d including a 14-d adaptation period and a 90-d data and sample collection period.Results No interactions were observed between dietary FA and lysophospholipids supplementation for growth and meat quality parameters.A greater dietary ratio of unsaturated FA(UFA)to saturated FA(SFA)from 1:2 to 1:1 led to lower DM intake and backfat thickness,but did not affect growth performance and other carcass traits.Compared with HSFA,bulls fed HUFA had greater shear force in Longissimus thoracis(LT)muscle,but had lower intramuscular fat(IMF)content and SOD content in LT muscle.Compared with HUFA,feeding the HSFA diet up-regulated expression of ACC,FAS,PPARγ,and SCD1,but down-regulated expression of CPT1B.Compared with feeding HSFA,the HUFA diet led to greater concentrations of c9-C18:1 and other monounsaturated FA in LT muscle.Feeding HUFA also led to lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol,but there were no interactions between FA and lysophospholipids detected.Feeding lysophospholipids improved growth and feed conversion ratio and altered meat quality by increasing muscle pH_(24h),redness values(24 h),IMF content,and concentrations of C18:3,C20:5 and total polyunsaturated fatty acids.Furthermore,lysophospholipids supplementation led to lower malondialdehyde content and up-regulated the expression of ACC,FAS,and LPL in LT muscle.Conclusions Results indicated that supplementing a high-concentrate diet with lysophospholipids to beef bulls can enhance growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality,and beneficial FA.Increasing the dietary ratio of UFA to SFA reduced DM intake and backfat thickness without compromising growth,suggesting potential improvements in feed efficiency.展开更多
Lipids serve as fundamental constituents of cell membranes and organelles.Recent studies have highlighted the significance of lipids as biomarkers in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Although liquid chromatography coupl...Lipids serve as fundamental constituents of cell membranes and organelles.Recent studies have highlighted the significance of lipids as biomarkers in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Although liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)is widely employed for lipid analysis in complex samples,it suffers from limitations such as complexity and time-consuming procedures.In this study,we have developed dopamine-modified TiO_(2)nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-DA)and applied the materials to assist the analysis of lipids by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS).The TiO_(2)-DA can provide large specific surface area and acidic environment,well suited for lipid analysis.The method was initially validated using standard lipid molecules.Good sensitivity,reproducibility and quantification performance was observed.Then,the method was applied to the analysis of 90 serum samples from 30 patients with breast cancer,30 patients with benign breast disease and 30 healthy controls.Five lipid molecules were identified as potential biomarkers for breast cancer.We constructed a classification model based on the MALDI-TOF MS signal of the 5 lipid molecules,and achieved high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy for the differentiation of breast cancer from benign breast disease and healthy control.We further collected another 60 serum samples from 20 healthy controls,20 patients with benign breast disease and 20 patients with breast cancer for MALDITOF MS analysis to verify the accuracy of the classification model.This advancement holds great promise for the development of diagnostic models for other lipid metabolism-related diseases.展开更多
Lipids play an important role in the regulation of cell life processes.Although there are various lipid detection methods,Raman spectroscopy,a non-invasive technique,provides the detailed chemical composition of lipid...Lipids play an important role in the regulation of cell life processes.Although there are various lipid detection methods,Raman spectroscopy,a non-invasive technique,provides the detailed chemical composition of lipid profiles without a complex sample preparation procedure and possesses greater potential in basic biology,clinical diagnosis and disease therapy.In this review,we summarized the characteristics and advantages of Raman-based techniques and their primary contribution to illustrating cellular lipid metabolism.展开更多
The mechanisms of mushroom polysaccharides on immune functions and lipid metabolism of aged mammals have not been fully elucidated.In the present study,after assessing the impacts of one type of Lentinula edodes-deriv...The mechanisms of mushroom polysaccharides on immune functions and lipid metabolism of aged mammals have not been fully elucidated.In the present study,after assessing the impacts of one type of Lentinula edodes-derived polysaccharides,named L2,on immune functions and blood lipid profiles,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ)-based proteomic profiling of the small intestinal tissues from aged mice treated with L2 was performed.L2 reversed immune function declines and modulated the lipid metabolism of aged mice evidenced by increased levels of serum TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C,and reduced levels of serum TG.Moreover,a total of 95 differentially regulated proteins(DRPs) were identified,of which75 were up-regulated and 20 were down-regulated.Most of the DRPs were involved in intracellular and extracellular structure organization,and cellular and metabolic regulation.Particularly,approximately 16 and 9 DRPs participated in the regulation of immune functions and lipid metabolism,respectively.Furthermore,protein-protein interaction analysis highlighted that cadherin-1,plectin,cadherin-17,Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP2,and ezrin might be key proteins in response to L2 treatment.These findings provide new insights into the biological mechanisms of mushroom polysaccharides in anti-aging from a proteomic perspective.展开更多
Functional lipids,primarily derived through the modification of natural lipids by various processes,are widely acknowledged for their potential to impart health benefits.In contrast to chemical methods for lipid modif...Functional lipids,primarily derived through the modification of natural lipids by various processes,are widely acknowledged for their potential to impart health benefits.In contrast to chemical methods for lipid modification,enzymatic catalysis offers distinct advantages,including high selectivity,mild operating conditions,and reduced byproduct formation.Nevertheless,enzymes face challenges in industrial applications,such as low activity,stability,and undesired selectivity.To address these challenges,protein engineering techniques have been implemented to enhance enzyme performance in functional lipid synthesis.This article aims to review recent advances in protein engineering,encompassing approaches from directed evolution to rational design,with the goal of improving the properties of lipid-modifying enzymes.Furthermore,the article explores the future prospects and challenges associated with enzyme-catalyzed functional lipid synthesis.展开更多
Biodiversity experiments have shown that soil organic carbon(SOC)is not only a function of plant diversity,but is also closely related to the nitrogen(N)-fixing plants.However,the effect of N-fixing trees on SOC chemi...Biodiversity experiments have shown that soil organic carbon(SOC)is not only a function of plant diversity,but is also closely related to the nitrogen(N)-fixing plants.However,the effect of N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability is still little known,especially with the compounding effects of tree species diversity.An experimental field manipulation was established in subtropical plantations of southern China to explore the impacts of tree species richness(i.e.,one,two,four and six tree species)and with/without N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability,as indicated by the ratio of easily oxidized organic carbon to SOC(EOC/SOC).Plant-derived C components in terms of hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were isolated from soils for evaluating their relative contributions to SOC chemical stability.The results showed that N-fixing tree species rather than tree species richness had a significant effect on EOC/SOC.Hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were negatively correlated with EOC/SOC,while hydrolysable plant lipids contributed more to EOC/SOC than lignin phenols,especially in the occurrence of N-fixing trees.The presence of N-fixing tree species led to an increase in soil N availability and a decrease in fungal abundance,promoting the selective retention of certain key components of hydrolysable plant lipids,thus enhancing SOC chemical stability.These findings underpin the crucial role of N-fixing trees in shaping SOC chemical stability,and therefore,preferential selection of N-fixing tree species in mixed plantations is an appropriate silvicultural strategy to improve SOC chemical stability in subtropical plantations.展开更多
Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on ho...Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on how normal aging impacts the pathogenic mechanisms of these debilitating diseases.A growing body of literature has emerged in recent years that clearly demonstrates the involvement of glycolipids in the protein-oligomerization of neurodegenerative disorders.We hypothesize that changes in glycolipids composition are a common mechanism underlying the shift from healthy brain aging to the neuropathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases.展开更多
Parkinson's disease–A lipidopathy?The histopathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease(PD)and dementia with Lewy bodies are inclusions enriched inα-synuclein(α-syn),known as Lewy bodies,which are not only ...Parkinson's disease–A lipidopathy?The histopathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease(PD)and dementia with Lewy bodies are inclusions enriched inα-synuclein(α-syn),known as Lewy bodies,which are not only composed of proteins,but also a core of lipid species.PD has been thus far principally thought of as a“proteinopathy”caused by the misfolding of α-syn.展开更多
Objective To investigate the serum lipid profiles of patients with localized osteosarcoma around the knee joint before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods After retrospectively screening the data of 742 patient...Objective To investigate the serum lipid profiles of patients with localized osteosarcoma around the knee joint before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods After retrospectively screening the data of 742 patients between January 2007 and July 2020,50 patients aged 13 to 39 years with Enneking stage II disease were included in the study.Serum lipid levels,including total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),lipoprotein-α[Lp(a)],and apolipoprotein A1,B,and E(ApoA1,ApoB,and ApoE),and clinicopathological characteristics were collected before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Results The mean levels of TC,TG,and ApoB were significantly increased following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(16%,38%,and 20%,respectively,vs.pretreatment values;P<0.01).The mean levels of LDL-C and ApoE were also 19%and 16%higher,respectively(P<0.05).No correlation was found between the pretreatment lipid profile and the histologic response to chemotherapy.An increase in Lp(a)was strongly correlated with the Ki-67 index(R=0.31,P=0.023).Moreover,a trend toward longer disease-free survival(DFS)was observed in patients with decreased TG and increased LDL-C following chemotherapy,although this difference was not statistically significant(P=0.23 and P=0.24,respectively).Conclusion Significant elevations in serum lipids were observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized osteosarcoma.There was no prognostic significance of pretreatment serum lipid levels on histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The scale of increase in serum Lp(a)might have a potential prognostic role in osteosarcoma.Patients with increased LDL-C or reduced TG after chemotherapy seem to exhibit a trend toward favorable DFS.展开更多
Objective To analyze the interactions between different structural types of volatile oil compo-nents(VOCs)and skin lipid molecules;and investigate the mechanism of volatile oil in Chi-nese materia medica(VOCMM)as pene...Objective To analyze the interactions between different structural types of volatile oil compo-nents(VOCs)and skin lipid molecules;and investigate the mechanism of volatile oil in Chi-nese materia medica(VOCMM)as penetration enhancers.Methods In this study;210 different structural types of VOCs were selected from the VOCMM penetration enhancer database;and the molecular docking experiments were conducted with three main lipid molecules of skin:ceramide 2(CER2);cholesterol(CHL);and free fatty acid(FFA).Each VOC was docked individually with each lipid molecule.Cluster analysis was used to explore the relationship between the binding energy of VOCs and their molecular struc-tures.Nine specific pathogen-free(SPF)Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided in-to Control;Nootkatone;and 3-Butylidenephthalide groups for in vitro percutaneous experi-ments;with three rats in each group.The donor pool solutions were 3%gastrodin;3%gas-trodin+3%nootkatone;and 3%gastrodin+3%3-butylidenephthalide;respectively.The pen-etration enhancing effects of VOCs with higher binding energy were evaluated by comparing the 12-hour cumulative percutaneous absorption of gastrodin(Q12;µg/cm²).Results(i)Most of the VOCs were non-hydrogen bonded to the hydrophobic parts of CHL and FFA;and hydrogen bonded to the head group of CER2.Among them;sesquiterpene ox-ides showed the most pronounced binding affinity to CER2.The VOCs with 2-4 rings(in-cluding carbon rings;benzene rings;and heterocycles)demonstrated stronger binding affini-ty for three skin lipid molecules compared with the VOCs without intramolecular rings(P<0.01).(ii)According to the cluster analysis;most of the VOCs that bond well to CER2 had 2-3 intramolecular rings.The non-oxygenated VOCs were bonded to CER2 in a hydrophobic manner.The oxygenated VOCs were mostly bonded to CER2 by hydrogen bonding.(iii)The results of Franz diffusion cell experiment showed that the Q12 of Control group was 260.60±25.09µg/cm2;and the transdermal absorption of gastrodin was significantly increased in Nootkatone group(Q12=5503.00±1080.00µg/cm²;P<0.01).The transdermal absorption of gastrodin was also increased in 3-Butylidenephthalide group(Q12=495.40±56.98µg/cm²;P>0.05).(iv)The type of oxygen-containing functional groups in VOCs was also an influencing factor of binding affinity to CER2.Conclusion The interactions between different types of VOCs with different structures in the VOCMM and three skin lipid molecules in the stratum corneum were investigated at the molecular level in this paper.This research provided theoretical guidance and data support for the screening of volatile oil-based penetration enhancers;and a simple and rapid method for studying the penetration-enhancing mechanism of volatile oils.展开更多
BACKGROUND Previous epidemiologic investigations have consistently demonstrated a strong association between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium very-lowdensity lipoprotein(VLDL)and the occurrence of pe...BACKGROUND Previous epidemiologic investigations have consistently demonstrated a strong association between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium very-lowdensity lipoprotein(VLDL)and the occurrence of peptic ulcers(PU).However,the precise causal relationship between these factors remains ambiguous.Consequently,this study aims to elucidate the potential correlation between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL and the incidence of peptic ulcer.AIM To investigate the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium very-low-density lipoprotein(VLDL)association with PU via genetic methods,guiding future clinical research.METHODS Genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets for the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in intermediate VLDL and peptic ulcer were retrieved from the IEU OpenGWAS project(https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk).For the forward Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis,72 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were identified as instrumental variables.These SNPs were selected based on their association with the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in intermediate VLDL,with peptic ulcer as the outcome variable.Conversely,for the inverse MR analysis,no SNPs were identified with peptic ulcer as the exposure variable and the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in intermediate VLDL as the outcome.All MR analyses utilized inverse variance weighted(IVW)as the primary analytical method.Additionally,weighted median and MR-Egger methods were employed as supplementary analytical approaches to assess causal effects.Egger regression was used as a supplementary method to evaluate potential directional pleiotropy.Heterogeneity and multiplicity tests were conducted using the leave-one-out method to evaluate result stability and mitigate biases associated with multiple testing.RESULTS The genetically predicted ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL was significantly associated with an elevated risk of peptic ulcer(IVW:OR=2.557,95%CI=1.274-5.132,P=0.008).However,no causal association of peptic ulcer with the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL was observed in the inverse Mendelian randomization analysis.CONCLUSION In conclusion,our study reveals a significant association between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL and an elevated risk of peptic ulcers.However,further validation through laboratory investigations and larger-scale studies is warranted to strengthen the evidence and confirm the causal relationship between these factors.展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fa...[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fasting blood glucose of mice were measured after 7 and 14 d of administration,and the biochemical indicators of blood lipids(TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C)were detected after 14 d of administration.[Results]Compared with the Radix Puerariae group and Radix Rehmanniae group,the compatibility group(1:2)had the best hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and TC and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly decreased(P<0.05),while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Radix Puerariae,Radix Rehmanniae and their combination can reduce the blood glucose of diabetic mice.The compatibility group(1:2)had a significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly declined,while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)rose significantly.展开更多
Objective:To investigate and analyze the annual physical examination results of retired employees from a unit in the civil aviation system,focusing on blood lipids,blood glucose,blood uric acid,and blood routine resul...Objective:To investigate and analyze the annual physical examination results of retired employees from a unit in the civil aviation system,focusing on blood lipids,blood glucose,blood uric acid,and blood routine results.The study aims to provide relevant references for formulating reasonable disease management measures for preventing and controlling hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,and other conditions in retired employees.Methods:The examination results of 231 participants were collected and analyzed.The participants were divided into four groups based on age:middle-aged group,young-old group,middle-old group,and old-old group.The blood test results were compared across these groups,and an assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)risk levels was completed in conjunction with medical history.Blood test results were also compared by gender.Results:There were no significant statistical differences in blood test results when grouped by age.However,the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in males than in females,while the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was higher in females than in males.The LDL-C target achievement rate was lower in the moderate-and-high-risk group as well as the very high-risk group as defined by ASCVD risk levels.Conclusion:Management of hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia in retired employees(elderly patients)should be strengthened to reduce the risk of ASCVD events and alleviate the potential medical burden associated with disease progression.展开更多
There is a close relationship between the biological functions of lipids and their structures, and various isomers greatly increases the complexity of lipid structures. The C=C bond location and sn-position are two of...There is a close relationship between the biological functions of lipids and their structures, and various isomers greatly increases the complexity of lipid structures. The C=C bond location and sn-position are two of the essential attributes that determine the structures of unsaturated lipids. However, simultaneous identification of both attributes remains challenging. Here, we develop a visible-light-activated aziridination reaction system, which enables the dual-resolving of the C=C bond location and sn-position isomerism of in lipids when combines with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). Based on the derivatization of C=C bonds with Ph I=NTs, their location in lipids could be easily identified by tandem MS. Especially, the sn-position isomers of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine(PC) can be separated and quantified by LC-MS after the derivatization. By using the proposed method, the significant changes of the sn-position isomers ratios of PC in mouse brain ischemia were revealed. This study offers a powerful tool for deep lipid structural biology.展开更多
Nostoc flagelliforme Born. et Flah is highly adapted to drought stress, cold and light stresses, and suitable for growing in the unfavorable areas. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the membrane (ma...Nostoc flagelliforme Born. et Flah is highly adapted to drought stress, cold and light stresses, and suitable for growing in the unfavorable areas. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the membrane (mainly thylakoid membrane) lipids from N. flagelliforme in order to investigate the relationship between membrane lipid composition and stress resistance to this cyanobacteria. The membrane lipids are composed of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The major fatty acids in these lipids are palmitic (16∶0), palmitoleic (16∶1), stearic (18∶0), oleic (18∶1), linoleic (18∶2) and linolenic (18∶3) acids. In N. flagelliforme , polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 73% of the total fatty acids, much higher than that of the other cyanobacteria reported so far. Among which 16∶1 and 18∶3 are as high as 28.9% and 34.3% respectively. The high resistance of N. flagelliforme to abnormal conditions may be associated with the extent of unsaturation of fatty acids. In addition, the wild N. flagelliforme treated with water for 30 min and cultured for 24 h and the lipid and fatty acid composition were found to be not affected by water_absorption.展开更多
To explore the differences of sensitivities to chilling and strong light in indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L), the changes in unsaturation of thylakoid membrane lipids and xanthophyll cycle were studied under ...To explore the differences of sensitivities to chilling and strong light in indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L), the changes in unsaturation of thylakoid membrane lipids and xanthophyll cycle were studied under chilling condition and strong light. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids of thylakoid membrane lipids decreased and that of the saturated ones increased with the time of chilling and strong light treatment, resulting in the reduction of the index of unsaturation of fatty acids (IUFA). The activity of violaxanthin deepoxidase (VDE), a key enzyme of xanthophyll cycle, also reduced. The content of violaxanthin (V) increased, and the contents of antheraxanthin (A) and zeaxanthin M decreased, the ratio of (A+Z)/ (A+Z+V) decreased correspondingly. Arrhenius analysis showed that VDE was sensitive to both chilling and unsaturation level of thylakoid membrane lipids. Correlation analysis showed that there was distinctly positive relationships between IUFA of thylakoid membrane lipids and the activity of VDE, Fv/Fm, and D, protein content. Lower IUFA values, less fluidity and stability of thylakoid membrane lipids, lower VDE activity and (A+Z)/(A+Z+V) ratio were found in indica rice cv. Shanyou 63 than in japonica rice cv. 9516 under chilling and strong light.展开更多
基金supported by the Key Support Project of Regional Innovation and Development Joint Fund of National Natural Science Foundation of China(U20A20398)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82104454,82374399)+1 种基金the Clinical Medical Research Transformation Project of Anhui Province(202304295107020111)the Natural Science Research Key Project of Anhui Provincial Department of Education(KJ2021A0542).
文摘Background:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)is a prevalent respiratory ailment that has risen to become the foremost cause of mortality globally,and statins are a widely used class of lipid-modifying drugs.Data from some observational studies suggest an association between statins use and COPD.Objectives:The main objective of this study was to investigate whether lipids and apolipoproteins are bidirectionally causally associated with COPD at the genetic level using a Mendelian randomization(MR)design,and to determine the potential role of circulating inflammatory proteins as mediators in this association.Methods:The publicly available Genome-Wide Association Study(GWAS)database was utilised for the purposes of the analysis.The data on high-density lipoprotein(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein(LDL-C),triglycerides(TG),apolipoprotein A-1(ApoA1),and apolipoprotein B(ApoB)were obtained from the UK BioBank,while the COPD dataset was obtained from the FinnGen BioBank R11(number of cases:21,617,number of controls:372,627).Furthermore,data were gathered on genetic variants linked to inflammatory processes,encompassing 91 circulating inflammatory proteins(n=14,823 individuals).A two-sample MR study was conducted using these data to assess the association between HDL-C,LDL-C,TG,ApoA1,and ApoB with the risk of COPD.Furthermore,in order to investigate the potential mediating influence of inflammatory factor alterations between lipids and COPD,a two-step Mendelian randomization(MR)mediation analysis was conducted.Results:The forward MR methods identified two lipids that were found to have a causal relationship with the development of COPD.An elevated level of LDL-C and ApoB was found to be associated with a diminished risk of COPD.Furthermore,the researchers identified circulating inflammatory factors that were determined to be the causal agents in the development of COPD.Mediation analysis indicated that the inflammatory protein S100-A12 may act as a mediator between the LDL-C and COPD pathways.Conclusion:The present MR study provides genetic evidence for a causal relationship between lipids and apolipoproteins and COPD,as well as identifying the inflammatory protein S100-A12 as a potential mediator of the COPD association.The findings offer valuable insights into the mechanistic studies of statins for COPD and potential targets for disease intervention and treatment.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901624)the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2018B020206001)+2 种基金Guangdong Province Zhujiang Talent Program(2019ZT08H476)Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(KQTD20180412181334790)the Innovation Team Project of Universities in Guangdong Province(2020KCXTD023)。
文摘Fucoxanthin,a kind of exclusively algae-derived carotenoids,could reduce lipid content and regulate gut microbiota composition in obese mice,showing potential in preventing hyperlipidemia.This study aimed to illustrate fucoxanthin efficacy in modulating lipid metabolism in serum and liver of high-fat-induced hyperlipidemia mice,as well as investigate the underlying association with gut microbiota changes.Results showed that fucoxanthin significantly reduced body weight gain and body white fat of the mice.In the serum,total triglycerides(TG),total cholesterol(TC)contents were significantly decreased and high-densitylipoprotein cholesterol levels was significantly upregulated.Moreover,fucoxanthin remarkedly prevented lipid accumulation in the liver.Especially,metabolomics results showed that lipids and lipid-like molecules were significantly downregulated compared with the control,indicating the advance of hepatic lipid metabolism.Bile acids profile in the liver was also greatly changed by fucoxanthin.Meanwhile,fucoxanthin remodeled gut microbiota composition and promoted the relative abundance of Desulfovibrio,Blautia and Clostridia genera.Finally,correlation analysis revealed that these gut microbiota changes were closely related with hepatic metabolites/metabolism and serum lipids.Altogether,this study showed great potential of fucoxanthin in improving serum lipids profile,hepatic lipids and bile acids metabolism of hyperlipidemia mice,which was associated with gut microbiota alteration.
基金funded within the framework of the Project Operational Program“Research and Innovation synergies in the Attica region”,project code:ATTP4-0339570,MIS 5185063,acronym“Residues2value”by the Hellenic Republic and the European Union.
文摘In the current study,the Zygomycetes fungus Cunninghamella elegans NRRL Y-1392 was evaluated for its ability to grow in extracts derived from dried and ground agricultural residues,such as mushroom stalks and roots from hydroponically cultivated lettuces and produce poly-unsaturated fatty acids(PUFA)andγ-linolenic acid(GLA)rich lipids.Initially,the compositions of stalks and lettuce roots were analysed,and the fungus was batch-flask cultivated on six different commercial semi-defined substrates containing different sugars detected in stalks and roots to evaluate its catabolic ability.C.elegans was capable to assimilate all sugars,but at a lower rate in the case of arabinose.Subsequently,C.elegans was cultivated on tailor-made semi-defined commercial substrates,resembling hydrolysates containing carbohydrates found in mushroom stalks,under both nitrogen-excess and nitrogen-limited conditions,and resembling that of hydrolysates of roots,under nitrogen-excess conditions.Based on the results,under nitrogen-excess conditions,in the case of media resembling stalks hydrolysates,higher production values for biomass,PUFAs,and GLA were observed(20.3 g/L,1906 mg/L,668 mg/L),accompanied by high productivity values due to short cultivation periods,while under nitrogen limitation,high lipid accumulation(lipid in dry cell weight=48%,w/w)was presented,and lipids rich in oleic acid were produced.Finally,the fungus was cultivated on a medium derived from hot water-extraction applied to mush-room stalks,enriched with organic nitrogen sources.The fungus was successfully grown on the sugar-rich waterextract derived from mushroom stalks,resulting in dry biomass of 14.5 g/L,lipids of 1.8 g/L,with 15%(w/w)of GLA in cellular lipids.
文摘Objective:To study the clinical value of combined detection of blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods:105 patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease treated in our hospital from May 2022 to July 2024 were selected as the research subjects.All patients underwent a B-ultrasound examination.According to the severity of the disease,they were divided into group A(mild,n=35),group B(moderate,n=44),and group C(severe,n=26).Another 30 healthy residents who came to the hospital for physical examination during the same period were selected as group D.The differences in blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function indicators between groups were compared.Results:The triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL)levels in groups A,B,and C were higher than those in group D,while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)level was lower(P<0.05).The fasting plasma glucose(FPG)levels in groups B and C were higher than those in group D(P<0.05).The TG,LDL,and FPG levels in groups B and C were higher than those in group A(P<0.05).The TC level in group C was higher than that in group A,while the HDL level was lower(P<0.05).The TC and FPG levels in group C were higher than those in group B(P<0.05).The total bilirubin(TBil),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),and alanine aminotransferase(ALT)levels in groups A,B,and C were higher than those in group D(P<0.05).The TBil and ALT levels in groups B and C were higher than those in group A(P<0.05).The AST level in group C was higher than that in group A(P<0.05).The AST and ALT levels in group C were higher than those in group B(P<0.05).Conclusion:Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease have disordered glucose and lipid metabolism.Blood lipids,blood glucose,and liver function are closely related to the severity of the disease.Strengthening exercise and dietary intervention early on can help control the progression of simple fatty liver disease and reduce the risk of severe liver diseases such as steatohepatitis and cirrhosis.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1301105)the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-36)。
文摘Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary fatty acids(FA)saturation and lysophospholipids supplementation on growth,meat quality,oxidative stability,FA profiles,and lipid metabolism of finishing beef bulls.Thirty-two Angus bulls(initial body weight:623±22.6 kg;21±0.5 months of age)were used.The experiment was a completely randomized block design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement of treatments:2 diets with FA of different degree of unsaturation[high saturated FA diet(HSFA)vs.high unsaturated FA diet(HUFA)]combined with(0.075%,dry matter basis)and without lysophospholipids supplementation.The bulls were fed a high-concentrate diet(forage to concentrate,15:85)for 104 d including a 14-d adaptation period and a 90-d data and sample collection period.Results No interactions were observed between dietary FA and lysophospholipids supplementation for growth and meat quality parameters.A greater dietary ratio of unsaturated FA(UFA)to saturated FA(SFA)from 1:2 to 1:1 led to lower DM intake and backfat thickness,but did not affect growth performance and other carcass traits.Compared with HSFA,bulls fed HUFA had greater shear force in Longissimus thoracis(LT)muscle,but had lower intramuscular fat(IMF)content and SOD content in LT muscle.Compared with HUFA,feeding the HSFA diet up-regulated expression of ACC,FAS,PPARγ,and SCD1,but down-regulated expression of CPT1B.Compared with feeding HSFA,the HUFA diet led to greater concentrations of c9-C18:1 and other monounsaturated FA in LT muscle.Feeding HUFA also led to lower plasma concentrations of cholesterol,but there were no interactions between FA and lysophospholipids detected.Feeding lysophospholipids improved growth and feed conversion ratio and altered meat quality by increasing muscle pH_(24h),redness values(24 h),IMF content,and concentrations of C18:3,C20:5 and total polyunsaturated fatty acids.Furthermore,lysophospholipids supplementation led to lower malondialdehyde content and up-regulated the expression of ACC,FAS,and LPL in LT muscle.Conclusions Results indicated that supplementing a high-concentrate diet with lysophospholipids to beef bulls can enhance growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality,and beneficial FA.Increasing the dietary ratio of UFA to SFA reduced DM intake and backfat thickness without compromising growth,suggesting potential improvements in feed efficiency.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Nos.22074022,22374031)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC2704300).
文摘Lipids serve as fundamental constituents of cell membranes and organelles.Recent studies have highlighted the significance of lipids as biomarkers in the diagnosis of breast cancer.Although liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)is widely employed for lipid analysis in complex samples,it suffers from limitations such as complexity and time-consuming procedures.In this study,we have developed dopamine-modified TiO_(2)nanoparticles(TiO_(2)-DA)and applied the materials to assist the analysis of lipids by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry(MALDI-TOF MS).The TiO_(2)-DA can provide large specific surface area and acidic environment,well suited for lipid analysis.The method was initially validated using standard lipid molecules.Good sensitivity,reproducibility and quantification performance was observed.Then,the method was applied to the analysis of 90 serum samples from 30 patients with breast cancer,30 patients with benign breast disease and 30 healthy controls.Five lipid molecules were identified as potential biomarkers for breast cancer.We constructed a classification model based on the MALDI-TOF MS signal of the 5 lipid molecules,and achieved high sensitivity,specificity and accuracy for the differentiation of breast cancer from benign breast disease and healthy control.We further collected another 60 serum samples from 20 healthy controls,20 patients with benign breast disease and 20 patients with breast cancer for MALDITOF MS analysis to verify the accuracy of the classification model.This advancement holds great promise for the development of diagnostic models for other lipid metabolism-related diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant NOs.:82374169,and 82074085).
文摘Lipids play an important role in the regulation of cell life processes.Although there are various lipid detection methods,Raman spectroscopy,a non-invasive technique,provides the detailed chemical composition of lipid profiles without a complex sample preparation procedure and possesses greater potential in basic biology,clinical diagnosis and disease therapy.In this review,we summarized the characteristics and advantages of Raman-based techniques and their primary contribution to illustrating cellular lipid metabolism.
基金supported by the Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (2021B0707060001)the Program for Scientific Research Start-Up Funds of Guangdong Ocean UniversityChina Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2016T90787)。
文摘The mechanisms of mushroom polysaccharides on immune functions and lipid metabolism of aged mammals have not been fully elucidated.In the present study,after assessing the impacts of one type of Lentinula edodes-derived polysaccharides,named L2,on immune functions and blood lipid profiles,isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ)-based proteomic profiling of the small intestinal tissues from aged mice treated with L2 was performed.L2 reversed immune function declines and modulated the lipid metabolism of aged mice evidenced by increased levels of serum TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C,and reduced levels of serum TG.Moreover,a total of 95 differentially regulated proteins(DRPs) were identified,of which75 were up-regulated and 20 were down-regulated.Most of the DRPs were involved in intracellular and extracellular structure organization,and cellular and metabolic regulation.Particularly,approximately 16 and 9 DRPs participated in the regulation of immune functions and lipid metabolism,respectively.Furthermore,protein-protein interaction analysis highlighted that cadherin-1,plectin,cadherin-17,Ras GTPase-activating-like protein IQGAP2,and ezrin might be key proteins in response to L2 treatment.These findings provide new insights into the biological mechanisms of mushroom polysaccharides in anti-aging from a proteomic perspective.
基金supported by Natural Science Foundation of Sichuan Province(2023NSFSC0132)Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of the Sichuan University(YJ202308).
文摘Functional lipids,primarily derived through the modification of natural lipids by various processes,are widely acknowledged for their potential to impart health benefits.In contrast to chemical methods for lipid modification,enzymatic catalysis offers distinct advantages,including high selectivity,mild operating conditions,and reduced byproduct formation.Nevertheless,enzymes face challenges in industrial applications,such as low activity,stability,and undesired selectivity.To address these challenges,protein engineering techniques have been implemented to enhance enzyme performance in functional lipid synthesis.This article aims to review recent advances in protein engineering,encompassing approaches from directed evolution to rational design,with the goal of improving the properties of lipid-modifying enzymes.Furthermore,the article explores the future prospects and challenges associated with enzyme-catalyzed functional lipid synthesis.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31930078,32301559)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2021YFD2200405,2021YFD2200402)+1 种基金Fundamental Research Funds of CAF(CAFYBB2021ZW001)the program for scientific research start-up funds of Guangdong Ocean University。
文摘Biodiversity experiments have shown that soil organic carbon(SOC)is not only a function of plant diversity,but is also closely related to the nitrogen(N)-fixing plants.However,the effect of N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability is still little known,especially with the compounding effects of tree species diversity.An experimental field manipulation was established in subtropical plantations of southern China to explore the impacts of tree species richness(i.e.,one,two,four and six tree species)and with/without N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability,as indicated by the ratio of easily oxidized organic carbon to SOC(EOC/SOC).Plant-derived C components in terms of hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were isolated from soils for evaluating their relative contributions to SOC chemical stability.The results showed that N-fixing tree species rather than tree species richness had a significant effect on EOC/SOC.Hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were negatively correlated with EOC/SOC,while hydrolysable plant lipids contributed more to EOC/SOC than lignin phenols,especially in the occurrence of N-fixing trees.The presence of N-fixing tree species led to an increase in soil N availability and a decrease in fungal abundance,promoting the selective retention of certain key components of hydrolysable plant lipids,thus enhancing SOC chemical stability.These findings underpin the crucial role of N-fixing trees in shaping SOC chemical stability,and therefore,preferential selection of N-fixing tree species in mixed plantations is an appropriate silvicultural strategy to improve SOC chemical stability in subtropical plantations.
基金supported by a National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke grant(R01 NS100839)a Sheffield Memorial Grant of the CSRA Parkinson’s Disease Support Group,and the excellent infrastructural support of the Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine,Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University(all to YI).
文摘Many patients with neurodegenerative diseases,such as Alzheimer’s(AD)and Parkinson’s(PD)diseases suffer from disease progression without any satisfying clinical intervention,likely due to our lack of knowledge on how normal aging impacts the pathogenic mechanisms of these debilitating diseases.A growing body of literature has emerged in recent years that clearly demonstrates the involvement of glycolipids in the protein-oligomerization of neurodegenerative disorders.We hypothesize that changes in glycolipids composition are a common mechanism underlying the shift from healthy brain aging to the neuropathological processes of neurodegenerative diseases.
文摘Parkinson's disease–A lipidopathy?The histopathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease(PD)and dementia with Lewy bodies are inclusions enriched inα-synuclein(α-syn),known as Lewy bodies,which are not only composed of proteins,but also a core of lipid species.PD has been thus far principally thought of as a“proteinopathy”caused by the misfolding of α-syn.
基金supported by China Medicine Education Association(CMEA)(No.2020KTS012)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(No.82002962 and No.81900189).
文摘Objective To investigate the serum lipid profiles of patients with localized osteosarcoma around the knee joint before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Methods After retrospectively screening the data of 742 patients between January 2007 and July 2020,50 patients aged 13 to 39 years with Enneking stage II disease were included in the study.Serum lipid levels,including total cholesterol(TC),triglycerides(TG),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),lipoprotein-α[Lp(a)],and apolipoprotein A1,B,and E(ApoA1,ApoB,and ApoE),and clinicopathological characteristics were collected before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy.Results The mean levels of TC,TG,and ApoB were significantly increased following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(16%,38%,and 20%,respectively,vs.pretreatment values;P<0.01).The mean levels of LDL-C and ApoE were also 19%and 16%higher,respectively(P<0.05).No correlation was found between the pretreatment lipid profile and the histologic response to chemotherapy.An increase in Lp(a)was strongly correlated with the Ki-67 index(R=0.31,P=0.023).Moreover,a trend toward longer disease-free survival(DFS)was observed in patients with decreased TG and increased LDL-C following chemotherapy,although this difference was not statistically significant(P=0.23 and P=0.24,respectively).Conclusion Significant elevations in serum lipids were observed after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with localized osteosarcoma.There was no prognostic significance of pretreatment serum lipid levels on histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy.The scale of increase in serum Lp(a)might have a potential prognostic role in osteosarcoma.Patients with increased LDL-C or reduced TG after chemotherapy seem to exhibit a trend toward favorable DFS.
基金National Science Foundation of China(82174093)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(BUCM-2019-JYB-JS-016).
文摘Objective To analyze the interactions between different structural types of volatile oil compo-nents(VOCs)and skin lipid molecules;and investigate the mechanism of volatile oil in Chi-nese materia medica(VOCMM)as penetration enhancers.Methods In this study;210 different structural types of VOCs were selected from the VOCMM penetration enhancer database;and the molecular docking experiments were conducted with three main lipid molecules of skin:ceramide 2(CER2);cholesterol(CHL);and free fatty acid(FFA).Each VOC was docked individually with each lipid molecule.Cluster analysis was used to explore the relationship between the binding energy of VOCs and their molecular struc-tures.Nine specific pathogen-free(SPF)Sprague Dawley(SD)rats were randomly divided in-to Control;Nootkatone;and 3-Butylidenephthalide groups for in vitro percutaneous experi-ments;with three rats in each group.The donor pool solutions were 3%gastrodin;3%gas-trodin+3%nootkatone;and 3%gastrodin+3%3-butylidenephthalide;respectively.The pen-etration enhancing effects of VOCs with higher binding energy were evaluated by comparing the 12-hour cumulative percutaneous absorption of gastrodin(Q12;µg/cm²).Results(i)Most of the VOCs were non-hydrogen bonded to the hydrophobic parts of CHL and FFA;and hydrogen bonded to the head group of CER2.Among them;sesquiterpene ox-ides showed the most pronounced binding affinity to CER2.The VOCs with 2-4 rings(in-cluding carbon rings;benzene rings;and heterocycles)demonstrated stronger binding affini-ty for three skin lipid molecules compared with the VOCs without intramolecular rings(P<0.01).(ii)According to the cluster analysis;most of the VOCs that bond well to CER2 had 2-3 intramolecular rings.The non-oxygenated VOCs were bonded to CER2 in a hydrophobic manner.The oxygenated VOCs were mostly bonded to CER2 by hydrogen bonding.(iii)The results of Franz diffusion cell experiment showed that the Q12 of Control group was 260.60±25.09µg/cm2;and the transdermal absorption of gastrodin was significantly increased in Nootkatone group(Q12=5503.00±1080.00µg/cm²;P<0.01).The transdermal absorption of gastrodin was also increased in 3-Butylidenephthalide group(Q12=495.40±56.98µg/cm²;P>0.05).(iv)The type of oxygen-containing functional groups in VOCs was also an influencing factor of binding affinity to CER2.Conclusion The interactions between different types of VOCs with different structures in the VOCMM and three skin lipid molecules in the stratum corneum were investigated at the molecular level in this paper.This research provided theoretical guidance and data support for the screening of volatile oil-based penetration enhancers;and a simple and rapid method for studying the penetration-enhancing mechanism of volatile oils.
文摘BACKGROUND Previous epidemiologic investigations have consistently demonstrated a strong association between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium very-lowdensity lipoprotein(VLDL)and the occurrence of peptic ulcers(PU).However,the precise causal relationship between these factors remains ambiguous.Consequently,this study aims to elucidate the potential correlation between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL and the incidence of peptic ulcer.AIM To investigate the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium very-low-density lipoprotein(VLDL)association with PU via genetic methods,guiding future clinical research.METHODS Genome-wide association study(GWAS)datasets for the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in intermediate VLDL and peptic ulcer were retrieved from the IEU OpenGWAS project(https://gwas.mrcieu.ac.uk).For the forward Mendelian randomization(MR)analysis,72 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)were identified as instrumental variables.These SNPs were selected based on their association with the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in intermediate VLDL,with peptic ulcer as the outcome variable.Conversely,for the inverse MR analysis,no SNPs were identified with peptic ulcer as the exposure variable and the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in intermediate VLDL as the outcome.All MR analyses utilized inverse variance weighted(IVW)as the primary analytical method.Additionally,weighted median and MR-Egger methods were employed as supplementary analytical approaches to assess causal effects.Egger regression was used as a supplementary method to evaluate potential directional pleiotropy.Heterogeneity and multiplicity tests were conducted using the leave-one-out method to evaluate result stability and mitigate biases associated with multiple testing.RESULTS The genetically predicted ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL was significantly associated with an elevated risk of peptic ulcer(IVW:OR=2.557,95%CI=1.274-5.132,P=0.008).However,no causal association of peptic ulcer with the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL was observed in the inverse Mendelian randomization analysis.CONCLUSION In conclusion,our study reveals a significant association between the ratio of cholesterol to total lipids in medium VLDL and an elevated risk of peptic ulcers.However,further validation through laboratory investigations and larger-scale studies is warranted to strengthen the evidence and confirm the causal relationship between these factors.
基金Supported by the National Innovation Planning Project for University Students in 2022 in Guangxi(S202210599012).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of the compatibility of Radix Puerariae and Radix Rehmanniae on blood glucose and blood lipids in diabetic mouses.[Methods]Diabetic mouse model was established.The body weight and fasting blood glucose of mice were measured after 7 and 14 d of administration,and the biochemical indicators of blood lipids(TC,HDL-C,and LDL-C)were detected after 14 d of administration.[Results]Compared with the Radix Puerariae group and Radix Rehmanniae group,the compatibility group(1:2)had the best hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and TC and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly decreased(P<0.05),while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)significantly increased(P<0.05).[Conclusions]Radix Puerariae,Radix Rehmanniae and their combination can reduce the blood glucose of diabetic mice.The compatibility group(1:2)had a significant hypoglycemic effect(P<0.05),and LDL-C in the compatibility group(2:1)significantly declined,while HDL-C in the compatibility group(1:1)rose significantly.
文摘Objective:To investigate and analyze the annual physical examination results of retired employees from a unit in the civil aviation system,focusing on blood lipids,blood glucose,blood uric acid,and blood routine results.The study aims to provide relevant references for formulating reasonable disease management measures for preventing and controlling hyperlipidemia,hyperuricemia,and other conditions in retired employees.Methods:The examination results of 231 participants were collected and analyzed.The participants were divided into four groups based on age:middle-aged group,young-old group,middle-old group,and old-old group.The blood test results were compared across these groups,and an assessment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)risk levels was completed in conjunction with medical history.Blood test results were also compared by gender.Results:There were no significant statistical differences in blood test results when grouped by age.However,the prevalence of hyperuricemia was higher in males than in females,while the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was higher in females than in males.The LDL-C target achievement rate was lower in the moderate-and-high-risk group as well as the very high-risk group as defined by ASCVD risk levels.Conclusion:Management of hyperuricemia and hyperlipidemia in retired employees(elderly patients)should be strengthened to reduce the risk of ASCVD events and alleviate the potential medical burden associated with disease progression.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos.22074111, 22004093 and 22004092)the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No.2021YFC2700700)the support of the start-up funds of Wuhan University and the National Youth Talents Plan of China。
文摘There is a close relationship between the biological functions of lipids and their structures, and various isomers greatly increases the complexity of lipid structures. The C=C bond location and sn-position are two of the essential attributes that determine the structures of unsaturated lipids. However, simultaneous identification of both attributes remains challenging. Here, we develop a visible-light-activated aziridination reaction system, which enables the dual-resolving of the C=C bond location and sn-position isomerism of in lipids when combines with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS). Based on the derivatization of C=C bonds with Ph I=NTs, their location in lipids could be easily identified by tandem MS. Especially, the sn-position isomers of unsaturated phosphatidylcholine(PC) can be separated and quantified by LC-MS after the derivatization. By using the proposed method, the significant changes of the sn-position isomers ratios of PC in mouse brain ischemia were revealed. This study offers a powerful tool for deep lipid structural biology.
文摘Nostoc flagelliforme Born. et Flah is highly adapted to drought stress, cold and light stresses, and suitable for growing in the unfavorable areas. This paper presents the results of the analysis of the membrane (mainly thylakoid membrane) lipids from N. flagelliforme in order to investigate the relationship between membrane lipid composition and stress resistance to this cyanobacteria. The membrane lipids are composed of monogalactosyl diacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyl diacylglycerol (DGDG), sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG) and phosphatidylglycerol (PG). The major fatty acids in these lipids are palmitic (16∶0), palmitoleic (16∶1), stearic (18∶0), oleic (18∶1), linoleic (18∶2) and linolenic (18∶3) acids. In N. flagelliforme , polyunsaturated fatty acids account for 73% of the total fatty acids, much higher than that of the other cyanobacteria reported so far. Among which 16∶1 and 18∶3 are as high as 28.9% and 34.3% respectively. The high resistance of N. flagelliforme to abnormal conditions may be associated with the extent of unsaturation of fatty acids. In addition, the wild N. flagelliforme treated with water for 30 min and cultured for 24 h and the lipid and fatty acid composition were found to be not affected by water_absorption.
文摘To explore the differences of sensitivities to chilling and strong light in indica and japonica rice (Oryza sativa L), the changes in unsaturation of thylakoid membrane lipids and xanthophyll cycle were studied under chilling condition and strong light. The contents of unsaturated fatty acids of thylakoid membrane lipids decreased and that of the saturated ones increased with the time of chilling and strong light treatment, resulting in the reduction of the index of unsaturation of fatty acids (IUFA). The activity of violaxanthin deepoxidase (VDE), a key enzyme of xanthophyll cycle, also reduced. The content of violaxanthin (V) increased, and the contents of antheraxanthin (A) and zeaxanthin M decreased, the ratio of (A+Z)/ (A+Z+V) decreased correspondingly. Arrhenius analysis showed that VDE was sensitive to both chilling and unsaturation level of thylakoid membrane lipids. Correlation analysis showed that there was distinctly positive relationships between IUFA of thylakoid membrane lipids and the activity of VDE, Fv/Fm, and D, protein content. Lower IUFA values, less fluidity and stability of thylakoid membrane lipids, lower VDE activity and (A+Z)/(A+Z+V) ratio were found in indica rice cv. Shanyou 63 than in japonica rice cv. 9516 under chilling and strong light.
