The microstructure evolution of 7A85 aluminum alloy at the conditions of strain rate(0.001−1 s^(−1))and deformation temperature(250−450°C)was studied by optical microscopy(OM)and electron back scattering diffract...The microstructure evolution of 7A85 aluminum alloy at the conditions of strain rate(0.001−1 s^(−1))and deformation temperature(250−450°C)was studied by optical microscopy(OM)and electron back scattering diffraction(EBSD).Based on the K-M dislocation density model,a two-stage K-M dislocation density model of 7A85 aluminum alloy was established.The results reveal that dynamic recovery(DRV)and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)are the main mechanisms of microstructure evolution during thermal deformation of 7A85 aluminum alloy.350−400°C is the transformation zone from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization.At low temperature(≤350°C),DRV is the main mechanism,while DRX mostly occurs at high temperature(≥400°C).At this point,the sensitivity of microstructure evolution to temperature is relatively high.As the temperature increased,the average misorientation angle(θˉ_(c))increased significantly,ranging from 0.93°to 7.13°.Meanwhile,the f_(LAGBs) decreased with the highest decrease of 24%.展开更多
In the present work stir casting route is used to fabricate the ZA27 Metal matrix composites containing 3 wt%, 6 wt%, 9 wt%, and 12 wt%. Zircon sand particulates of size 100 mesh. Microstructure studies using Optical ...In the present work stir casting route is used to fabricate the ZA27 Metal matrix composites containing 3 wt%, 6 wt%, 9 wt%, and 12 wt%. Zircon sand particulates of size 100 mesh. Microstructure studies using Optical Microscopy, SEM-EDAX are carried out to ascertain the distribution and morphology of particulates in the composites. Effect of zircon sand as reinforcement on bulk density, porosity, of the fabricated composites is studied. SEM studies are carried out to understand the behavior of as-cast ZA27 alloy reinforced with zircon sand. The dislocation density of the fabricated composite affects the strength of the composites and depends on the strain due to thermal mismatch and is found to increase with increase in weight% of zircon sand. However, it does not consider casting defects of voids/clustering observed in micrographs of the fabricated composite. Porosity in composites does not have influence on Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the ZA27 composites studied using thermoelastic models like Kerner and turner model and rule of mixtures of composite.展开更多
The microstructure evolution in hot forming will affect the mechanical properties of the formed product. However, the microstructure is sensitive to the process variables in deformation process of metals and alloys. A...The microstructure evolution in hot forming will affect the mechanical properties of the formed product. However, the microstructure is sensitive to the process variables in deformation process of metals and alloys. A microstructure evolution model of a titanium alloy in hot forming, which included dislocation density rate and primary α phase grain size, was presented according to the deformation mechanism and driving forces, in which the effect of the dislocation density rate on the grain growth was studied firstly. Applying the model to the high temperature deformation process of a TC6 alloy with deformation temperature of 11331223K, strain rate of 0.0150s^-1 and height reduction of 30%, 40% and 50%, the material constants in the present model were calculated by the genetic algorithm(GA) based objective optimization techniques. The calculated results of a TC6 alloy are in good agreement with the experimental ones.展开更多
Ultrasonic vibration-assisted technology is widely utilized in the performance research and manufacturing process of metallic materials owing to its advantages of introducing highfrequency acoustic systems. However, t...Ultrasonic vibration-assisted technology is widely utilized in the performance research and manufacturing process of metallic materials owing to its advantages of introducing highfrequency acoustic systems. However, the acoustic plasticity constitutive model and potential mechanism, involving Ti3Al intermetallic compounds, have not yet been clarified. Therefore, the Ultrasonic-K-M hybrid acoustic constitutive model of Ti3Al was established by considering the stress superposition, acoustic thermal softening, acoustic softening and acoustic residual hardening effects according to the dislocation density evolution theory and crystal plasticity theory. Meanwhile, the mechanical behavior of ultrasonic vibration-assisted tension(UVAT) and microstructure of ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling(UVAM) for Ti3Al was investigated. Dislocation density to be overcome from initial deformation to failure of Ti3Al was calculated in UVAT and was verified in UVAM. The results indicated that the Ultrasonic-K-M model showed a good agreement with the experimental data. There was an obviously softening phenomenon after introducing the ultrasonic energy field in the Ti3Al whole deformation region, and the degree of softening was positively correlated with amplitude. Furthermore, the maximum reduction ratio in yield strength of Ti3Al was16 % and the maximum reduction value in ultimate tensile strength was 206.91 MPa. The elongation rose first and then fell as amplitude enlarged, but only as the vibration was applied in the whole deformation region, the elongation was always greater than 14.58 %. In addition, The UVAM process significantly reduced the dislocation density increment to be overcome for Ti3Al material removal by 1.37 times, and promoted dislocation motion and cancellation to make twisted dislocations evolve into parallel dislocations. As the amplitude increased to 4 μm, the depth of the disturbed area of the plastic deformation layer increased by a maximum of 2.5 times.展开更多
通过Gleeble 3500热压缩试验机对AZ31镁合金进行热压缩实验,得到温度为300、350、400、450和500℃,应变速率为0.03、0.3、和3 s 1的流变应力曲线。对流变应力曲线进行图形变换求解出不同应变速率下的回复参数r,求得的回复参数的自然对数...通过Gleeble 3500热压缩试验机对AZ31镁合金进行热压缩实验,得到温度为300、350、400、450和500℃,应变速率为0.03、0.3、和3 s 1的流变应力曲线。对流变应力曲线进行图形变换求解出不同应变速率下的回复参数r,求得的回复参数的自然对数lnr与温度的倒数1/T成线性相关。结果表明:可以采用修正的Laasraoui-Jonas(L-J)位错密度模型计算AZ31镁合金动态再结晶过程中的位错密度演变;修正的L-J位错密度模型结合元胞自动机(CA)能精确地模拟位错密度动态再结晶过程。展开更多
为了研究Cr8合金钢动态再结晶行为,利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对Cr8合金钢进行了热压缩试验。基于试验得到的数据,建立了Cr8合金钢修正的Laasraoui-Jonas（L-J）位错密度模型,结合动态再结晶形核长大模型,采用Deform-3D有限元软件...为了研究Cr8合金钢动态再结晶行为,利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对Cr8合金钢进行了热压缩试验。基于试验得到的数据,建立了Cr8合金钢修正的Laasraoui-Jonas（L-J）位错密度模型,结合动态再结晶形核长大模型,采用Deform-3D有限元软件中元胞自动机（CA）模块模拟了Cr8合金钢的动态再结晶行为,并和试验得到的动态再结晶组织进行比较。结果表明,当变形温度为900-1200℃时,Cr8合金钢变形抗力与变形量曲线图呈现出典型的动态再结晶特征;Cr8合金钢的热激活能Q为340.332 k J/mol;应变速率一定时,随着温度的升高,Cr8合金钢动态再结晶晶粒尺寸增大,其再结晶晶粒尺寸的模拟结果与试验结果较为吻合,平均相对误差在7%以内,说明所建立修正的L-J位错密度模型能够准确预测Cr8合金钢动态再结晶组织的变化。展开更多
基金Project(51675465)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(E2019203075)supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province,China+1 种基金Project(BJ2019001)supported by the Top Young Talents Project of the Education Department of Hebei Province,ChinaProject(Kfkt2017-07)supported by the State Key Laboratory Program of High Performance Complex Manufacturing,China。
文摘The microstructure evolution of 7A85 aluminum alloy at the conditions of strain rate(0.001−1 s^(−1))and deformation temperature(250−450°C)was studied by optical microscopy(OM)and electron back scattering diffraction(EBSD).Based on the K-M dislocation density model,a two-stage K-M dislocation density model of 7A85 aluminum alloy was established.The results reveal that dynamic recovery(DRV)and dynamic recrystallization(DRX)are the main mechanisms of microstructure evolution during thermal deformation of 7A85 aluminum alloy.350−400°C is the transformation zone from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization.At low temperature(≤350°C),DRV is the main mechanism,while DRX mostly occurs at high temperature(≥400°C).At this point,the sensitivity of microstructure evolution to temperature is relatively high.As the temperature increased,the average misorientation angle(θˉ_(c))increased significantly,ranging from 0.93°to 7.13°.Meanwhile,the f_(LAGBs) decreased with the highest decrease of 24%.
文摘In the present work stir casting route is used to fabricate the ZA27 Metal matrix composites containing 3 wt%, 6 wt%, 9 wt%, and 12 wt%. Zircon sand particulates of size 100 mesh. Microstructure studies using Optical Microscopy, SEM-EDAX are carried out to ascertain the distribution and morphology of particulates in the composites. Effect of zircon sand as reinforcement on bulk density, porosity, of the fabricated composites is studied. SEM studies are carried out to understand the behavior of as-cast ZA27 alloy reinforced with zircon sand. The dislocation density of the fabricated composite affects the strength of the composites and depends on the strain due to thermal mismatch and is found to increase with increase in weight% of zircon sand. However, it does not consider casting defects of voids/clustering observed in micrographs of the fabricated composite. Porosity in composites does not have influence on Coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of the ZA27 composites studied using thermoelastic models like Kerner and turner model and rule of mixtures of composite.
基金Project(G2000067206) supported by the National Basic Research Programof China Project supported by Teaching andResearch Award Fundfor Outstanding Young Teachersin Higher EducationInstitutions of Ministry of Education +1 种基金Project(50475144) sup-ported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China Project( CX200305) supported by the Doctorate Creation Foundation ofNorthwestern Polytechnical University
文摘The microstructure evolution in hot forming will affect the mechanical properties of the formed product. However, the microstructure is sensitive to the process variables in deformation process of metals and alloys. A microstructure evolution model of a titanium alloy in hot forming, which included dislocation density rate and primary α phase grain size, was presented according to the deformation mechanism and driving forces, in which the effect of the dislocation density rate on the grain growth was studied firstly. Applying the model to the high temperature deformation process of a TC6 alloy with deformation temperature of 11331223K, strain rate of 0.0150s^-1 and height reduction of 30%, 40% and 50%, the material constants in the present model were calculated by the genetic algorithm(GA) based objective optimization techniques. The calculated results of a TC6 alloy are in good agreement with the experimental ones.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51875179 and 52275419).
文摘Ultrasonic vibration-assisted technology is widely utilized in the performance research and manufacturing process of metallic materials owing to its advantages of introducing highfrequency acoustic systems. However, the acoustic plasticity constitutive model and potential mechanism, involving Ti3Al intermetallic compounds, have not yet been clarified. Therefore, the Ultrasonic-K-M hybrid acoustic constitutive model of Ti3Al was established by considering the stress superposition, acoustic thermal softening, acoustic softening and acoustic residual hardening effects according to the dislocation density evolution theory and crystal plasticity theory. Meanwhile, the mechanical behavior of ultrasonic vibration-assisted tension(UVAT) and microstructure of ultrasonic vibration-assisted milling(UVAM) for Ti3Al was investigated. Dislocation density to be overcome from initial deformation to failure of Ti3Al was calculated in UVAT and was verified in UVAM. The results indicated that the Ultrasonic-K-M model showed a good agreement with the experimental data. There was an obviously softening phenomenon after introducing the ultrasonic energy field in the Ti3Al whole deformation region, and the degree of softening was positively correlated with amplitude. Furthermore, the maximum reduction ratio in yield strength of Ti3Al was16 % and the maximum reduction value in ultimate tensile strength was 206.91 MPa. The elongation rose first and then fell as amplitude enlarged, but only as the vibration was applied in the whole deformation region, the elongation was always greater than 14.58 %. In addition, The UVAM process significantly reduced the dislocation density increment to be overcome for Ti3Al material removal by 1.37 times, and promoted dislocation motion and cancellation to make twisted dislocations evolve into parallel dislocations. As the amplitude increased to 4 μm, the depth of the disturbed area of the plastic deformation layer increased by a maximum of 2.5 times.
文摘通过Gleeble 3500热压缩试验机对AZ31镁合金进行热压缩实验,得到温度为300、350、400、450和500℃,应变速率为0.03、0.3、和3 s 1的流变应力曲线。对流变应力曲线进行图形变换求解出不同应变速率下的回复参数r,求得的回复参数的自然对数lnr与温度的倒数1/T成线性相关。结果表明:可以采用修正的Laasraoui-Jonas(L-J)位错密度模型计算AZ31镁合金动态再结晶过程中的位错密度演变;修正的L-J位错密度模型结合元胞自动机(CA)能精确地模拟位错密度动态再结晶过程。
文摘为了研究Cr8合金钢动态再结晶行为,利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对Cr8合金钢进行了热压缩试验。基于试验得到的数据,建立了Cr8合金钢修正的Laasraoui-Jonas（L-J）位错密度模型,结合动态再结晶形核长大模型,采用Deform-3D有限元软件中元胞自动机（CA）模块模拟了Cr8合金钢的动态再结晶行为,并和试验得到的动态再结晶组织进行比较。结果表明,当变形温度为900-1200℃时,Cr8合金钢变形抗力与变形量曲线图呈现出典型的动态再结晶特征;Cr8合金钢的热激活能Q为340.332 k J/mol;应变速率一定时,随着温度的升高,Cr8合金钢动态再结晶晶粒尺寸增大,其再结晶晶粒尺寸的模拟结果与试验结果较为吻合,平均相对误差在7%以内,说明所建立修正的L-J位错密度模型能够准确预测Cr8合金钢动态再结晶组织的变化。
