Four seeding methods, including broadcast sowing, feeding seeds to sheep, putting seed bag on sheep and cattle, and mix-seeding were combined with hoof tillage method to improve the degraded mountain grassland where l...Four seeding methods, including broadcast sowing, feeding seeds to sheep, putting seed bag on sheep and cattle, and mix-seeding were combined with hoof tillage method to improve the degraded mountain grassland where large gradient limited the use of machine. The results showed that the most suitable grassland type for hoof tillage was mountain meadow steppe. The optimum reseeding period was early spring, followed by late autumn ; and Sainfoin （Onobrychis sativa） was the most suitable herbage species. The optimum reseeding method was artificial broadcasting in the slope with the gradient 〈 20°, followed by putting seed bag on sheep and cattle. After improvement of hoof tillage, the vegetation coverage increased by 35%, the proportion of high quality herbage increased by 25%, and the fresh yield increased by three to four times.展开更多
In this study Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was adopted to evaluate the mechanical properties of bovine hoof horn. Using specific process, tensile specimens comprised of Zones 4 and 5 of the sole were excised from t...In this study Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was adopted to evaluate the mechanical properties of bovine hoof horn. Using specific process, tensile specimens comprised of Zones 4 and 5 of the sole were excised from the claws of the front and rear hooves of a mature Black Angus cow. After extraction the specimens were conditioned to obtain horn with relative moisture content of either 0% (dry) or 100% (wet) and then subjected to uniaxial tension to failure. The average elastic modulus (E) of all "dry" and "wet" hoof horn was 2870 ± 460 MPa and 102 ± 34 MPa respectively. Similarly, the average proportional limit stress (σ) was 29.0 ± 4.8 MPa and 1.4 ± 0.3 MPa respectively. Although the mechanical properties were dependent on distance from the dermal-epidermal junction, the influence of moisture on mechanical behavior was far greater.展开更多
基金Supported by Science and Technology Research Project of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region"Application of Hoof Tillage Method to Improve Degraded Mountain Grassland"(20113111-1)
文摘Four seeding methods, including broadcast sowing, feeding seeds to sheep, putting seed bag on sheep and cattle, and mix-seeding were combined with hoof tillage method to improve the degraded mountain grassland where large gradient limited the use of machine. The results showed that the most suitable grassland type for hoof tillage was mountain meadow steppe. The optimum reseeding period was early spring, followed by late autumn ; and Sainfoin （Onobrychis sativa） was the most suitable herbage species. The optimum reseeding method was artificial broadcasting in the slope with the gradient 〈 20°, followed by putting seed bag on sheep and cattle. After improvement of hoof tillage, the vegetation coverage increased by 35%, the proportion of high quality herbage increased by 25%, and the fresh yield increased by three to four times.
基金This work was partially sponsored by the National Science Foundation 0238237(USA)Shanghai Leading Academic Discipline Project, No. Y0103, the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry of China.
文摘In this study Digital Image Correlation (DIC) was adopted to evaluate the mechanical properties of bovine hoof horn. Using specific process, tensile specimens comprised of Zones 4 and 5 of the sole were excised from the claws of the front and rear hooves of a mature Black Angus cow. After extraction the specimens were conditioned to obtain horn with relative moisture content of either 0% (dry) or 100% (wet) and then subjected to uniaxial tension to failure. The average elastic modulus (E) of all "dry" and "wet" hoof horn was 2870 ± 460 MPa and 102 ± 34 MPa respectively. Similarly, the average proportional limit stress (σ) was 29.0 ± 4.8 MPa and 1.4 ± 0.3 MPa respectively. Although the mechanical properties were dependent on distance from the dermal-epidermal junction, the influence of moisture on mechanical behavior was far greater.
