Objective:To reveal the neural network of active and passive hand movements. Method:Seven healthy aged people were checked, and acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data on a 1.5T scanner. Active movement co...Objective:To reveal the neural network of active and passive hand movements. Method:Seven healthy aged people were checked, and acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data on a 1.5T scanner. Active movement consisted of repetitive grasping and loosening of hand; passive movement involved the same movement performed by examiner. Both types of hand movements were assessed separately. These data were analysed by Statistical Parametric Mapping Microsoft. Result:The main activated brain areas were the contralateral supplemental motor area, primary motor area, primary sensory area and the ipsilateral cerebellum when subjects gripped right hands actively and passively. The supplemental area was less active in passive hand movement than active hand movement. The activated brain areas were mainly within Brodmann area 4 during active hand movement; in the contrast, the voxels triggered by passive movement were mainly within Brodmann areas 3,1,2 areas. Conclusion:The results suggest that the neural networks of passive and active tasks spared some common areas, and the passive movement could be as effective as active movement to facilitate the recovery of limbs motor function in patients with brain damage.展开更多
Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most common forms of cerebral pathology in young people and disorders involve dysfunctions in cognitive and motor spheres. We would like to examine the stru...Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most common forms of cerebral pathology in young people and disorders involve dysfunctions in cognitive and motor spheres. We would like to examine the structural and functional alterations of the brain in patients with mTBI while performing hand movements. Methods: Twenty healthy right-handed subjects (age 25.1 ± 3.9) and 10 patients (age 27.9 ± 7.3) with mTBI without hemiparesis participated in the study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). FMRI and EEG reactions were analysed during right- and left-hand movements. Results: It was shown that fMRI reactive changes have a larger inter-individual variability of activation during left-hand movements in comparison with right-hand ones in healthy subjects. The TBI patients demonstrated an increase of a diffuse component of fMRI reactive changes compared to healthy people. A greater number of the brain structures was involved, mainly at the subcortical level, mostly in the left hemisphere during right-hand movement. EEG study demonstrated coherence changes for the slow (delta) frequency bands in the left hemisphere, while performing both hand movements. In healthy persons, EEG coherence changes were observed in the fast (alhpa2) frequency band predominantly in contralateral hemispheres, while performing hand movements. Conclusion: So, fMRI and EEG studies revealed the most expressed pathological reactive changes in the left hemisphere and the brain cortical structures during right-hand movements in patients after mTBI. These data allowed us to propose that the younger brain structures were the most sensitive to mTBI.展开更多
A common neural mechanism—the General Motor Programmer—is proposed by Keane (1999) to underlie both the perception of speech and the initiation of hand movement. A proposal to investigate the specific aspect of cogn...A common neural mechanism—the General Motor Programmer—is proposed by Keane (1999) to underlie both the perception of speech and the initiation of hand movement. A proposal to investigate the specific aspect of cognitive functioning this mechanism is specialized for, namely the timing or place of articulation, is outlined.展开更多
Congenital mirror movements retard typical hand functions, but no definite therapeutic modality is available to treat such movements. We report an 8-year-old boy with severe mirror movements of both hands. His mirror ...Congenital mirror movements retard typical hand functions, but no definite therapeutic modality is available to treat such movements. We report an 8-year-old boy with severe mirror movements of both hands. His mirror movements were assessed using the Woods and Teuber grading scale and his fine motor skills were also evaluated by the Purdue Pegboard Test. A 2-week regimen of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation produced markedly diminished mirror movement symptoms and increased the fine motor skills of both hands. Two weeks after the completion of the regimen, mirror movement grades had improved from grade 4 to 1 in both hands and the Purdue Pegboard Test results of the right and left hands also improved from 12 to 14 or 13. These improvements were maintained for 1 month after the 2-week repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regimen. After 18 months, the mirror movement grade was maintained and the Purdue Pegboard test score had improved to 15 for the right hand while the left hand score was maintained at 13. This occurred without any additional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or other treatment. These findings suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for this patient had a therapeutic and long-term effect on mirror movements.展开更多
目的比较电针手部经筋结点疗法与电针传统穴位疗法治疗脑卒中后(痉挛期)手运动功能障碍的临床疗效差异。方法纳入64例脑卒中后痉挛期手运动功能障碍患者,随机分为经筋结点组和传统穴位组,每组32例,其中经筋结点组脱落1例,传统穴位组脱落...目的比较电针手部经筋结点疗法与电针传统穴位疗法治疗脑卒中后(痉挛期)手运动功能障碍的临床疗效差异。方法纳入64例脑卒中后痉挛期手运动功能障碍患者,随机分为经筋结点组和传统穴位组,每组32例,其中经筋结点组脱落1例,传统穴位组脱落2例。两组均加电针,每次治疗30 min,每天2次,每周6 d,共4周。经筋结点组针刺指伸肌结点和指外展结点,传统穴位组针刺外关和合谷、阳池、后溪、大陵。通过改良Ashworth痉挛评定量表(modified Ashworth scale,MAS)、临床神经功能缺损程度评分、腕手部关节主动活动度(active range of motion,AROM)、简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分法(Fugl-Meyer assessment,FMA)(手部分)进行疗效判定。结果治疗后经筋结点组和传统穴位组AROM、FMA较治疗前均有提高(P<0.05),临床神经功能缺损程度、MAS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),且治疗后经筋结点组MAS、AROM、FMA、临床神经功能缺损程度评分均优于传统穴位组(P<0.05);电针针刺经筋结点组总有效率为87%(27/31),电针传统穴位组总有效率为70%(21/30),两组比较结果有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电针手部经筋结点疗法对脑卒中后痉挛期手运动功能障碍治疗有效,且疗效优于电针传统穴位疗法。展开更多
基金supported by the Key Projects of Shanghai Science and Technology on Biomedicine(NO.10DZ1950800)the Major Project of Shanghai Zhabei District Health Bureau (No. 2011ZD01)
文摘Objective:To reveal the neural network of active and passive hand movements. Method:Seven healthy aged people were checked, and acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging data on a 1.5T scanner. Active movement consisted of repetitive grasping and loosening of hand; passive movement involved the same movement performed by examiner. Both types of hand movements were assessed separately. These data were analysed by Statistical Parametric Mapping Microsoft. Result:The main activated brain areas were the contralateral supplemental motor area, primary motor area, primary sensory area and the ipsilateral cerebellum when subjects gripped right hands actively and passively. The supplemental area was less active in passive hand movement than active hand movement. The activated brain areas were mainly within Brodmann area 4 during active hand movement; in the contrast, the voxels triggered by passive movement were mainly within Brodmann areas 3,1,2 areas. Conclusion:The results suggest that the neural networks of passive and active tasks spared some common areas, and the passive movement could be as effective as active movement to facilitate the recovery of limbs motor function in patients with brain damage.
文摘Background: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is one of the most common forms of cerebral pathology in young people and disorders involve dysfunctions in cognitive and motor spheres. We would like to examine the structural and functional alterations of the brain in patients with mTBI while performing hand movements. Methods: Twenty healthy right-handed subjects (age 25.1 ± 3.9) and 10 patients (age 27.9 ± 7.3) with mTBI without hemiparesis participated in the study using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and electroencephalography (EEG). FMRI and EEG reactions were analysed during right- and left-hand movements. Results: It was shown that fMRI reactive changes have a larger inter-individual variability of activation during left-hand movements in comparison with right-hand ones in healthy subjects. The TBI patients demonstrated an increase of a diffuse component of fMRI reactive changes compared to healthy people. A greater number of the brain structures was involved, mainly at the subcortical level, mostly in the left hemisphere during right-hand movement. EEG study demonstrated coherence changes for the slow (delta) frequency bands in the left hemisphere, while performing both hand movements. In healthy persons, EEG coherence changes were observed in the fast (alhpa2) frequency band predominantly in contralateral hemispheres, while performing hand movements. Conclusion: So, fMRI and EEG studies revealed the most expressed pathological reactive changes in the left hemisphere and the brain cortical structures during right-hand movements in patients after mTBI. These data allowed us to propose that the younger brain structures were the most sensitive to mTBI.
文摘A common neural mechanism—the General Motor Programmer—is proposed by Keane (1999) to underlie both the perception of speech and the initiation of hand movement. A proposal to investigate the specific aspect of cognitive functioning this mechanism is specialized for, namely the timing or place of articulation, is outlined.
基金supported by Yeungnam University research grants in 2010
文摘Congenital mirror movements retard typical hand functions, but no definite therapeutic modality is available to treat such movements. We report an 8-year-old boy with severe mirror movements of both hands. His mirror movements were assessed using the Woods and Teuber grading scale and his fine motor skills were also evaluated by the Purdue Pegboard Test. A 2-week regimen of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation produced markedly diminished mirror movement symptoms and increased the fine motor skills of both hands. Two weeks after the completion of the regimen, mirror movement grades had improved from grade 4 to 1 in both hands and the Purdue Pegboard Test results of the right and left hands also improved from 12 to 14 or 13. These improvements were maintained for 1 month after the 2-week repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation regimen. After 18 months, the mirror movement grade was maintained and the Purdue Pegboard test score had improved to 15 for the right hand while the left hand score was maintained at 13. This occurred without any additional repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation or other treatment. These findings suggest that repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation for this patient had a therapeutic and long-term effect on mirror movements.
文摘目的比较电针手部经筋结点疗法与电针传统穴位疗法治疗脑卒中后(痉挛期)手运动功能障碍的临床疗效差异。方法纳入64例脑卒中后痉挛期手运动功能障碍患者,随机分为经筋结点组和传统穴位组,每组32例,其中经筋结点组脱落1例,传统穴位组脱落2例。两组均加电针,每次治疗30 min,每天2次,每周6 d,共4周。经筋结点组针刺指伸肌结点和指外展结点,传统穴位组针刺外关和合谷、阳池、后溪、大陵。通过改良Ashworth痉挛评定量表(modified Ashworth scale,MAS)、临床神经功能缺损程度评分、腕手部关节主动活动度(active range of motion,AROM)、简化Fugl-Meyer运动功能评分法(Fugl-Meyer assessment,FMA)(手部分)进行疗效判定。结果治疗后经筋结点组和传统穴位组AROM、FMA较治疗前均有提高(P<0.05),临床神经功能缺损程度、MAS评分均较治疗前降低(P<0.01,P<0.05),且治疗后经筋结点组MAS、AROM、FMA、临床神经功能缺损程度评分均优于传统穴位组(P<0.05);电针针刺经筋结点组总有效率为87%(27/31),电针传统穴位组总有效率为70%(21/30),两组比较结果有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论电针手部经筋结点疗法对脑卒中后痉挛期手运动功能障碍治疗有效,且疗效优于电针传统穴位疗法。
