Earth is the only planet known to be habitable,and is also unique with its liquid water,and the operation of plate tectonics.The geological record shows that the habitability of our planet can rapidly recover from maj...Earth is the only planet known to be habitable,and is also unique with its liquid water,and the operation of plate tectonics.The geological record shows that the habitability of our planet can rapidly recover from major disasters or catastrophes,even those that cause mass extinctions.We suggest that plate tectonics,which acts as a link between the shallow and deep,is pivotal for the formation,evolution,and long-term stability of the hydrosphere,atmosphere,lithosphere,and thus life.Plate tectonics links the surface environment with the deep interior of high viscosity,low Reynolds number,low entropy,and low chaos,able to produce a strong healing effect to neutralize catastrophic events.It can transfer the bio-essential elements from the deep interior to the near-surface environment and can recycle toxic elements to the deep.This unique planetary energy and material transfer process of Earth is a continuous,slow-release,and bidirectional cycle,where a change in the surface is slowly buffered by a reaction from the deep,shaping a long-term and stable habitable environment.Therefore,it is considered that plate tectonics is the basic condition for the long-term stable evolution of the Earth’s biosphere and the stabilizer of the Earth’s habitability.展开更多
No matter how fascinating and exotic other terrestrial planets are revealed to be, nothing generates more excitement than announcements regarding their habitability. From the observation of Mars to present-day efforts...No matter how fascinating and exotic other terrestrial planets are revealed to be, nothing generates more excitement than announcements regarding their habitability. From the observation of Mars to present-day efforts toward Venus and the characterization of exoplanets, the search for life, or at least environments that could accommodate life, has been a major drive for space exploration. So far, we have found no other unquestionably habitable world besides Earth. The conditions of the habitability of terrestrial planets have proved elusive, as surface conditions depend on the complex interplay of many processes throughout the evolution of a planet. Here, we review how the interior of a rocky planet can drive the evolution of its surface conditions and atmosphere. Instead of listing criteria assumed to be critical for life, we discuss how the bulk-silicate planet can affect the onset, continuation, and cessation of habitability. We then consider how it can be observed, and current efforts toward this end.展开更多
This paper critically re-examines the anthropocentric“Goldilocks Zone”paradigm that has dominated the search for extraterrestrial life.As of 2024,more than 5,500 exoplanets have been identified,yet only about 2%are ...This paper critically re-examines the anthropocentric“Goldilocks Zone”paradigm that has dominated the search for extraterrestrial life.As of 2024,more than 5,500 exoplanets have been identified,yet only about 2%are located within the traditionally defined habitable zone(National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Exoplanet Archive,2024;Kane et al.,2023).Moreover,the discovery of extremophiles-organisms thriving in high-radiation,extreme heat,or vacuum environments-demonstrates that the boundaries of life far exceed Earth-like conditions(Rothschild&Mancinelli,2001).展开更多
There are many things in my life that can help me to be better.For example,I used to be weak because of my bad living habits,but now I am stronger and healthier.It was a terrible race that made me change.I fell down a...There are many things in my life that can help me to be better.For example,I used to be weak because of my bad living habits,but now I am stronger and healthier.It was a terrible race that made me change.I fell down and left behind by all students.This experience made me decide to change.展开更多
Hello,everyone! Now I want to talk about my eating habits.Healthy eating habits mean a lot to everyone.First,I have three meals a day.For breakfast,I like eggs,milk and noodles.For lunch,I prefer rice,vegetables,beef ...Hello,everyone! Now I want to talk about my eating habits.Healthy eating habits mean a lot to everyone.First,I have three meals a day.For breakfast,I like eggs,milk and noodles.For lunch,I prefer rice,vegetables,beef and fish.And also there are snacks in the afternoon.I often have porridge or noodles.Water and fruit are necessary in my daily life.They are good for my health.展开更多
Too much screen time is bad for your brain and body.It can also waste your time.So,try to spend less time on scree ns.Changing habits is not easy,but you can do it.Use an app to track your time on your smartphone.Do y...Too much screen time is bad for your brain and body.It can also waste your time.So,try to spend less time on scree ns.Changing habits is not easy,but you can do it.Use an app to track your time on your smartphone.Do you waste a lot of time on some ofyour phone apps?Take them off or set time limits for them.Less screen time means more free time for other things.Go hiking,visit a museum or try a new hobby.Use your phone less and appreciate life more.展开更多
Increasing number of structural variations(SVs)have been identified as causative mutations for diverse agronomic traits.However,the systematic exploration of SVs quantity,distribution,and contribution in wheat was lac...Increasing number of structural variations(SVs)have been identified as causative mutations for diverse agronomic traits.However,the systematic exploration of SVs quantity,distribution,and contribution in wheat was lacking.Here,we report high-quality gene-based and SV-based pangenomes comprising 22 hexaploid wheat assemblies showing a wide range of chromosome size,gene number,and TE component,which indicates their representativeness of wheat genetic diversity.Pan-gene analyses uncover 140,261 distinct gene families,of which only 23.2%are shared in all accessions.Moreover,we build a∼16.15 Gb graph pangenome containing 695,897 bubbles,intersecting 5132 genes and 230,307 cis-regulatory regions.Pairwise genome comparisons identify∼1,978,221 non-redundant SVs and 497 SV hotspots.Notably,the density of bubbles as well as SVs show remarkable aggregation in centromeres,which probably play an important role in chromosome plasticity and stability.As for functional SVs exploration,we identify 2769 SVs with absolute relative frequency differences exceeding 0.7 between spring and winter growth habit groups.Additionally,several reported functional genes in wheat display complex structural graphs,for example,PPD-A1,VRT-A2,and TaNAAT2-A.These findings deepen our understanding of wheat genetic diversity,providing valuable graphical pangenome and variation resources to improve the efficiency of genome-wide association mapping in wheat.展开更多
Habit formation is essential for environmental preservation and sustainability as it promotes consistent,long-term engagement in pro-environmental behaviors.Habitual pro-environmental behaviors contribute to the estab...Habit formation is essential for environmental preservation and sustainability as it promotes consistent,long-term engagement in pro-environmental behaviors.Habitual pro-environmental behaviors contribute to the establishment of social norms,encouraging communities to adopt sustainable lifestyles collectively.As more people integrate environmentally conscious practices into their daily routines,the broader cultural shift toward sustainability becomes more pronounced.This paper explored the experiences of environmental advocates of sustainability,emphasizing habit formation as a fundamental driver of long-term ecological responsibility.Environmental advocates(n=20)from the Visayas,Philippines,were purposively sampled for interviews.Participants expressed a deep personal commitment to sustainability as a lifelong responsibility.Participants actively promoted sustainability through education,advocating for responsible consumption,and participating in community-driven environmental initiatives.When individuals develop habits such as energy conservation,waste reduction,and responsible consumption,these actions become second nature,requiring minimal cognitive effort to sustain over time.This consistency is vital in addressing environmental challenges,as one-time actions are insufficient to create lasting change.Collaborative initiatives,community engagement,and institutional support are essential for achieving lasting environmental impact.Nevertheless,the findings can inform educational programs,policy-making,and community-driven sustainability initiatives,reinforcing the idea that both individual actions and collective efforts are necessary to address environmental challenges effectively.展开更多
Dear Xu Shengli,You asked me about learning English.Now I'd like to tell you how you should learn English.First,you should often read English aloud and try your best to learn important something1 by heart.So you c...Dear Xu Shengli,You asked me about learning English.Now I'd like to tell you how you should learn English.First,you should often read English aloud and try your best to learn important something1 by heart.So you can remember them easy2 and form a good habit of thinking in English.Second,you should listen a lot and communicate with others in English.With3 this way,both your listening ability and your spoken English will be improved.Third,you should keep a diary in English every day.I hope that the advice will be useful to you.展开更多
I have a pet tortoise named Lucky.He is very lovely.I like him very much.He has a short tail,four short legs,a small head and a hard shell.He enjoys to eat① meat and vegetables,so I often feed him some fish and pork....I have a pet tortoise named Lucky.He is very lovely.I like him very much.He has a short tail,four short legs,a small head and a hard shell.He enjoys to eat① meat and vegetables,so I often feed him some fish and pork.He likes sleeping in the sand.展开更多
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise worldwide and in developing countries like Botswana. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of proper nutrition knowledge cause non-communicable diseases and affect adolescen...Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise worldwide and in developing countries like Botswana. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of proper nutrition knowledge cause non-communicable diseases and affect adolescents. It is in adolescence that eating habits are formed that persist till adulthood. Lifestyle interventions are needed to curb NCDs in adolescents. This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to validate a lifestyle intervention program and its effect on food intake, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge. It was a clustered randomized control trial study conducted in four (4) junior secondary schools. There were 46 participants, 21 in the control and 25 in the intervention arm, who were blindly assigned to each arm by a statistician. Information and skills on nutrition were imparted using the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills model. The program was implemented for eight (8) weeks hourly after school. A questionnaire was used to collect data pre- and post-intervention. Number, proportion, percentage, and independent t-test (mean and SD or median and IQR, p-value) were calculated using numerical and categorical data. The findings showed that the lifestyle intervention was valid, and there was a slight decrease in the intake of sweets among participants in both trial arms (p = 0.066). There was no significant difference in terms of food intake. Only a small number of participants still ate a few fruits, and there was no change in vegetable intake in both trial arms (p = 0.641). There was no change in the intake of fried foods in both trail arms (p = 0.402). Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a slight significant difference of p = 0.079 between the trial arms. Though the effect of the lifestyle intervention program was not statistically significant, the results are promising, especially if the duration could be increased to a longer period and a larger sample size included.展开更多
Microplastic(MP)pollution has spread from the mainland to the ocean.However,Haizhou Bay,which is one of the important land-ocean transition zones,has been reported relatively little about the enrichment of MPs.To prov...Microplastic(MP)pollution has spread from the mainland to the ocean.However,Haizhou Bay,which is one of the important land-ocean transition zones,has been reported relatively little about the enrichment of MPs.To provide fundamental data for MP pollution in Haizhou Bay,we studied the occurrence of microplastics in the intestines of 8 species of fish with different habits and feeding modes.The fish intestines were digested with a 10%KOH solution,and MPs are separated with a glass fiber filter.Then,the size,shape,color,and composition of the MPs were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.The results showed the abundance of MP intake ranged from 0.02 items g^(-1) to 0.16 items g^(-1) and the detection rate of MPs ranged from 53.33% to 80% across different fish species.The MP intake in benthic fish and omnivorous fish was significantly higher than that of pelagic fish and predatory fish.Smaller MPs(<0.25 mm)were the dominant types and accounted for 62.50% of the total.The fiber was the prevailing shape of MPs,and the black MPs were the most common,followed by red and yellow ones.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyamide(PA),and polystyrene(PS)were the main components of MPs,accounting for 34.9%,29.9%,and 16.4%,respectively.According to the composition analysis of MPs,the main sources of MPs in fish of Haizhou Bay were attributed to marine aquaculture and port construction.The results are helpful for our better understanding of the status of MP pollution in this area,and further aid in the development of the pointed measures to mitigate and prevent the MP pollution in this ecologically important area.展开更多
The process of riming significantly impacts the microphysical characteristics of clouds.This study uses aircraft and radar observation data in stratiform clouds with convection embedded that occurred in the central an...The process of riming significantly impacts the microphysical characteristics of clouds.This study uses aircraft and radar observation data in stratiform clouds with convection embedded that occurred in the central and southern regions of North China on 22 May 2017.The microphysical structural characteristics and processes near the embedded convection core and in the stratiform cloud are analyzed comparatively.Particular attention is given to the effect of riming on the microphysical properties near the upper boundary of the melting layer and to the factors influencing riming efficiency.The collaborative observations reveal that the particle size distributions observed near the convection core and in the stratiform region are close,while the particle properties like habit and riming degree are quite different.Above the melting layer,larger plate-like ice particles and supercooled water droplets(D>50μm)are more abundant near the convective core,leading to higher collision efficiencies between ice particles and supercooled water droplets.Larger fluctuation amplitudes of vertical airflow near the convective core also contribute to the increased riming activity and the formation of more heavily rimed particles,such as graupel.Furthermore,in situ measurements from airborne probes also revealed that above the melting layer,the riming process involves two stages:the mass of snow crystals grows as supercooled droplets merge internally without changing size,followed by external freezing that significantly enlarges the crystals.展开更多
Dear Editor,The primary motor cortex,also known as MOp in rodents,F1,or M1 in primates[1],plays a crucial role in autonomous motor control.It is interconnected with other motor control structures such as the basal gan...Dear Editor,The primary motor cortex,also known as MOp in rodents,F1,or M1 in primates[1],plays a crucial role in autonomous motor control.It is interconnected with other motor control structures such as the basal ganglia,thalamus,and brainstem.Among these connections,the corticostriatal system plays a significant role in functions including action selection,motor control,sequence learning,and habit formation[2].展开更多
Obesity is a significant global health concern, often leading to comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Bariatric surgery, including sleeve gastrectomy (SG), is a proven treatment f...Obesity is a significant global health concern, often leading to comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Bariatric surgery, including sleeve gastrectomy (SG), is a proven treatment for morbid obesity, offering substantial weight loss and resolution of comorbidities. However, post-surgical complications, particularly anorectal disorders such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures, remain underexplored, especially in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of anal complications following SG at Almoosa Specialist Hospital in Alhassa, Saudi Arabia. A total of 205 patients who underwent SG between January 2020 and December 2021 were surveyed, with 148 eligible participants included in the final analysis. Results indicated that 8.8% of patients experienced anal complications, with anal fissures (53.8%) and hemorrhoids (38.5%) being the most common. These complications typically occurred 2 - 6 months post-surgery. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity and fluid intake were found to significantly reduce the likelihood of anal issues. Moreover, 69.2% of patients with anal problems reported a negative impact on their quality of life. The study highlights the importance of targeted post-operative care, including lifestyle modifications, to mitigate the impact of anal complications. The findings suggest that ongoing education and comprehensive support for bariatric surgery patients, particularly regarding physical activity and hydration, are critical for improving long-term health outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the long-term progression of anal complications and effective interventions for enhancing patient satisfaction and quality of life.展开更多
BACKGROUND The two-way,three-stage psychological intervention for patients with dental pulp disease offers a reference for nursing interventions in such cases.AIM To examine the effects of a three-stage psychological ...BACKGROUND The two-way,three-stage psychological intervention for patients with dental pulp disease offers a reference for nursing interventions in such cases.AIM To examine the effects of a three-stage psychological intervention on psychological resilience and health behaviors.METHODS A total of 114 patients with dental pulp disease treated between December 2022 and December 2023 were allocated into two groups according to the random lottery method,with 57 patients in each group.The control group adopted the teaching method,while the observation group used a three-stage psychological intervention combined with the teaching method.We compared psychological resilience,coping strategies,dental fear,health behavior habits,and stigma between the two groups.RESULTS The intervention group showed significantly improved scores on the psychological resilience scale(Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale)(P<0.05);positive and negative response scores also improved after the intervention(P<0.05);significant differences were observed between the observation and control groups in the Chinese version of the Stouthard Dental Fear Scale(Dental Anxiety Inventory),the Social Impact Scale,and health behavior score(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combining a three-stage psychological intervention with the back-teaching method effectively reduces dental fear and stigma in patients with dental pulp disease.It also improves psychological resilience,coping strategies,and health behavior habits,achieving significant results.展开更多
In the evolving landscape of Tourette’s syndrome(TS)treatment,behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues,as well as motor and vocal tics.This editorial comments on the...In the evolving landscape of Tourette’s syndrome(TS)treatment,behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues,as well as motor and vocal tics.This editorial comments on the study by Wang et al,which showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)combined with habit reversal training significantly improved anxiety and tic severity in children with TS.We highlight the current status and future perspectives of behavioral interventions such as CBT,and comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics,demonstrating their efficacy in alleviating TS symptoms and improving patients'quality of life.Recognizing the multifaceted nature of TS,our discussion integrates empirical evidence from various studies to provide a comprehensive perspective on the role of behavioral therapy in the management of this complex condition.This editorial concludes by emphasizing the need for innovative strategies that may address the limitations of existing treatments and advocates a multidisciplinary approach that combines behavioral,pharmacological,and neurobiological interventions to improve outcomes for patients with TS.展开更多
The habitual use of smartphones during meals has become a common behavior,raising concerns about its potential impact on eating habits and metabolic health.The present narrative review investigates how using a smartph...The habitual use of smartphones during meals has become a common behavior,raising concerns about its potential impact on eating habits and metabolic health.The present narrative review investigates how using a smartphone or tablet during meals can cause distractions and negatively affect metabolic health.A comprehensive narrative review was conducted by synthesizing peer-reviewed studies on the interplay between smartphone use during meals,eating behaviors,and metabolic health.Relevant literature was identified through searches in electronic databases and organized thematically to highlight trends and research gaps.By synthesizing evidence from existing literature,this review highlights that smartphone use during meals is associated with increased caloric intake,altered food composition,and disruptions in postprandial metabolic responses.These effects are mediated by reduced meal awareness and psychological distractions,including multitasking.Variability in findings arises from differences in study designs and populations.This review identifies critical research gaps,including the lack of longitudinal studies and the need to explore mechanisms underlying these relationships.By summarizing trends and patterns,this narrative review offers valuable insights into the complex interplay between digital device use,eating habits,and metabolic health,providing a foundation for future research and interventions.展开更多
The national weight management campaign,part of the broader Healthy China strategy,enhances public health literacy,fosters healthy living habits,and creates supportive environments for sustained weight control.
Chemical elements in space can be synthesized by stellar nuclear reactors. Studying the dynamics of processes occurring in the stars introduces a concept of the ensemble-averaged stellar reactor. For future interstell...Chemical elements in space can be synthesized by stellar nuclear reactors. Studying the dynamics of processes occurring in the stars introduces a concept of the ensemble-averaged stellar reactor. For future interstellar missions, the terrestrial and solar abundances were compared with considerable number of stars allocated in the ~200 pc solar neighborhood. According to the value of the effective temperature, four stellar classes are distinguished, for which the correlation coefficients and standard deviation are calculated. The statement about the possibility of transferring heavy elements synthesized by stars over long distances in space has been completely refuted. There is no immutability of the distribution of elements on neighboring stars and in the Solar System. It is shown that chemical elements are mainly synthesized inside each stellar reactor. The theory of the buoyancy of elements is generalized to stars. It has been suggested that stars overheat due to a shift in the parameters of nuclear processes occurring inside stars, which leads to the synthesis of heavy elements.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42272243,41802217,41888101,41890834,and 41961144020)the MOST Special Fund(No.MSFGPMR2022-7).
文摘Earth is the only planet known to be habitable,and is also unique with its liquid water,and the operation of plate tectonics.The geological record shows that the habitability of our planet can rapidly recover from major disasters or catastrophes,even those that cause mass extinctions.We suggest that plate tectonics,which acts as a link between the shallow and deep,is pivotal for the formation,evolution,and long-term stability of the hydrosphere,atmosphere,lithosphere,and thus life.Plate tectonics links the surface environment with the deep interior of high viscosity,low Reynolds number,low entropy,and low chaos,able to produce a strong healing effect to neutralize catastrophic events.It can transfer the bio-essential elements from the deep interior to the near-surface environment and can recycle toxic elements to the deep.This unique planetary energy and material transfer process of Earth is a continuous,slow-release,and bidirectional cycle,where a change in the surface is slowly buffered by a reaction from the deep,shaping a long-term and stable habitable environment.Therefore,it is considered that plate tectonics is the basic condition for the long-term stable evolution of the Earth’s biosphere and the stabilizer of the Earth’s habitability.
基金upported by the Swiss National Science Foundation(SNSF)under grants 51NF40_182901 and 51NF40_205606.P.A.S.thanks the SNSF via an Eccellenza Professorship(203668)the Swiss State Secretariat for Education,Research,and Innovation(SERI)under contract number MB22.00033,a SERIfunded ERC Starting Grant“2ATMO”K.H.acknowledges the FED-tWIN research program STELLA(Prf-2021-022),funded by the Belgian Science Policy Offfce(BELSPO)。
文摘No matter how fascinating and exotic other terrestrial planets are revealed to be, nothing generates more excitement than announcements regarding their habitability. From the observation of Mars to present-day efforts toward Venus and the characterization of exoplanets, the search for life, or at least environments that could accommodate life, has been a major drive for space exploration. So far, we have found no other unquestionably habitable world besides Earth. The conditions of the habitability of terrestrial planets have proved elusive, as surface conditions depend on the complex interplay of many processes throughout the evolution of a planet. Here, we review how the interior of a rocky planet can drive the evolution of its surface conditions and atmosphere. Instead of listing criteria assumed to be critical for life, we discuss how the bulk-silicate planet can affect the onset, continuation, and cessation of habitability. We then consider how it can be observed, and current efforts toward this end.
文摘This paper critically re-examines the anthropocentric“Goldilocks Zone”paradigm that has dominated the search for extraterrestrial life.As of 2024,more than 5,500 exoplanets have been identified,yet only about 2%are located within the traditionally defined habitable zone(National Aeronautics and Space Administration(NASA)Exoplanet Archive,2024;Kane et al.,2023).Moreover,the discovery of extremophiles-organisms thriving in high-radiation,extreme heat,or vacuum environments-demonstrates that the boundaries of life far exceed Earth-like conditions(Rothschild&Mancinelli,2001).
文摘There are many things in my life that can help me to be better.For example,I used to be weak because of my bad living habits,but now I am stronger and healthier.It was a terrible race that made me change.I fell down and left behind by all students.This experience made me decide to change.
文摘Hello,everyone! Now I want to talk about my eating habits.Healthy eating habits mean a lot to everyone.First,I have three meals a day.For breakfast,I like eggs,milk and noodles.For lunch,I prefer rice,vegetables,beef and fish.And also there are snacks in the afternoon.I often have porridge or noodles.Water and fruit are necessary in my daily life.They are good for my health.
文摘Too much screen time is bad for your brain and body.It can also waste your time.So,try to spend less time on scree ns.Changing habits is not easy,but you can do it.Use an app to track your time on your smartphone.Do you waste a lot of time on some ofyour phone apps?Take them off or set time limits for them.Less screen time means more free time for other things.Go hiking,visit a museum or try a new hobby.Use your phone less and appreciate life more.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFF1000100 and 2023YFA0914601)the Special Funds for Science Technology Innovation and Industrial Development of Shenzhen Dapeng New District(PT202101-01).
文摘Increasing number of structural variations(SVs)have been identified as causative mutations for diverse agronomic traits.However,the systematic exploration of SVs quantity,distribution,and contribution in wheat was lacking.Here,we report high-quality gene-based and SV-based pangenomes comprising 22 hexaploid wheat assemblies showing a wide range of chromosome size,gene number,and TE component,which indicates their representativeness of wheat genetic diversity.Pan-gene analyses uncover 140,261 distinct gene families,of which only 23.2%are shared in all accessions.Moreover,we build a∼16.15 Gb graph pangenome containing 695,897 bubbles,intersecting 5132 genes and 230,307 cis-regulatory regions.Pairwise genome comparisons identify∼1,978,221 non-redundant SVs and 497 SV hotspots.Notably,the density of bubbles as well as SVs show remarkable aggregation in centromeres,which probably play an important role in chromosome plasticity and stability.As for functional SVs exploration,we identify 2769 SVs with absolute relative frequency differences exceeding 0.7 between spring and winter growth habit groups.Additionally,several reported functional genes in wheat display complex structural graphs,for example,PPD-A1,VRT-A2,and TaNAAT2-A.These findings deepen our understanding of wheat genetic diversity,providing valuable graphical pangenome and variation resources to improve the efficiency of genome-wide association mapping in wheat.
文摘Habit formation is essential for environmental preservation and sustainability as it promotes consistent,long-term engagement in pro-environmental behaviors.Habitual pro-environmental behaviors contribute to the establishment of social norms,encouraging communities to adopt sustainable lifestyles collectively.As more people integrate environmentally conscious practices into their daily routines,the broader cultural shift toward sustainability becomes more pronounced.This paper explored the experiences of environmental advocates of sustainability,emphasizing habit formation as a fundamental driver of long-term ecological responsibility.Environmental advocates(n=20)from the Visayas,Philippines,were purposively sampled for interviews.Participants expressed a deep personal commitment to sustainability as a lifelong responsibility.Participants actively promoted sustainability through education,advocating for responsible consumption,and participating in community-driven environmental initiatives.When individuals develop habits such as energy conservation,waste reduction,and responsible consumption,these actions become second nature,requiring minimal cognitive effort to sustain over time.This consistency is vital in addressing environmental challenges,as one-time actions are insufficient to create lasting change.Collaborative initiatives,community engagement,and institutional support are essential for achieving lasting environmental impact.Nevertheless,the findings can inform educational programs,policy-making,and community-driven sustainability initiatives,reinforcing the idea that both individual actions and collective efforts are necessary to address environmental challenges effectively.
文摘Dear Xu Shengli,You asked me about learning English.Now I'd like to tell you how you should learn English.First,you should often read English aloud and try your best to learn important something1 by heart.So you can remember them easy2 and form a good habit of thinking in English.Second,you should listen a lot and communicate with others in English.With3 this way,both your listening ability and your spoken English will be improved.Third,you should keep a diary in English every day.I hope that the advice will be useful to you.
文摘I have a pet tortoise named Lucky.He is very lovely.I like him very much.He has a short tail,four short legs,a small head and a hard shell.He enjoys to eat① meat and vegetables,so I often feed him some fish and pork.He likes sleeping in the sand.
文摘Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are on the rise worldwide and in developing countries like Botswana. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of proper nutrition knowledge cause non-communicable diseases and affect adolescents. It is in adolescence that eating habits are formed that persist till adulthood. Lifestyle interventions are needed to curb NCDs in adolescents. This paper reports the findings of a study that aimed to validate a lifestyle intervention program and its effect on food intake, physical activity, and nutrition knowledge. It was a clustered randomized control trial study conducted in four (4) junior secondary schools. There were 46 participants, 21 in the control and 25 in the intervention arm, who were blindly assigned to each arm by a statistician. Information and skills on nutrition were imparted using the Information, Motivation, and Behavioral Skills model. The program was implemented for eight (8) weeks hourly after school. A questionnaire was used to collect data pre- and post-intervention. Number, proportion, percentage, and independent t-test (mean and SD or median and IQR, p-value) were calculated using numerical and categorical data. The findings showed that the lifestyle intervention was valid, and there was a slight decrease in the intake of sweets among participants in both trial arms (p = 0.066). There was no significant difference in terms of food intake. Only a small number of participants still ate a few fruits, and there was no change in vegetable intake in both trial arms (p = 0.641). There was no change in the intake of fried foods in both trail arms (p = 0.402). Regarding nutrition knowledge, there was a slight significant difference of p = 0.079 between the trial arms. Though the effect of the lifestyle intervention program was not statistically significant, the results are promising, especially if the duration could be increased to a longer period and a larger sample size included.
基金funded by research grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41706142 and 32071615)the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(No.CARS-49)the Funding for School-Level Research Projects of Yancheng Institute of Technology(No.XJR2021035)。
文摘Microplastic(MP)pollution has spread from the mainland to the ocean.However,Haizhou Bay,which is one of the important land-ocean transition zones,has been reported relatively little about the enrichment of MPs.To provide fundamental data for MP pollution in Haizhou Bay,we studied the occurrence of microplastics in the intestines of 8 species of fish with different habits and feeding modes.The fish intestines were digested with a 10%KOH solution,and MPs are separated with a glass fiber filter.Then,the size,shape,color,and composition of the MPs were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer.The results showed the abundance of MP intake ranged from 0.02 items g^(-1) to 0.16 items g^(-1) and the detection rate of MPs ranged from 53.33% to 80% across different fish species.The MP intake in benthic fish and omnivorous fish was significantly higher than that of pelagic fish and predatory fish.Smaller MPs(<0.25 mm)were the dominant types and accounted for 62.50% of the total.The fiber was the prevailing shape of MPs,and the black MPs were the most common,followed by red and yellow ones.Polyethylene terephthalate(PET),polyamide(PA),and polystyrene(PS)were the main components of MPs,accounting for 34.9%,29.9%,and 16.4%,respectively.According to the composition analysis of MPs,the main sources of MPs in fish of Haizhou Bay were attributed to marine aquaculture and port construction.The results are helpful for our better understanding of the status of MP pollution in this area,and further aid in the development of the pointed measures to mitigate and prevent the MP pollution in this ecologically important area.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42025501)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province(Grant No.D2024304015)+4 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,including Grant No.020714380217the Cemac“GeoX”Interdisciplinary Program(Grant No.020714380210)the Open Grants of the Key Laboratory of Radar Meteorology,China Meteorological Administration(Grant No.2023LRM-B05)the Hebei Meteorological Service Scientific Research and Development Project(Grant No.23ky08)the Open Research Program of the State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather(Grant No.2023LASW-A01)。
文摘The process of riming significantly impacts the microphysical characteristics of clouds.This study uses aircraft and radar observation data in stratiform clouds with convection embedded that occurred in the central and southern regions of North China on 22 May 2017.The microphysical structural characteristics and processes near the embedded convection core and in the stratiform cloud are analyzed comparatively.Particular attention is given to the effect of riming on the microphysical properties near the upper boundary of the melting layer and to the factors influencing riming efficiency.The collaborative observations reveal that the particle size distributions observed near the convection core and in the stratiform region are close,while the particle properties like habit and riming degree are quite different.Above the melting layer,larger plate-like ice particles and supercooled water droplets(D>50μm)are more abundant near the convective core,leading to higher collision efficiencies between ice particles and supercooled water droplets.Larger fluctuation amplitudes of vertical airflow near the convective core also contribute to the increased riming activity and the formation of more heavily rimed particles,such as graupel.Furthermore,in situ measurements from airborne probes also revealed that above the melting layer,the riming process involves two stages:the mass of snow crystals grows as supercooled droplets merge internally without changing size,followed by external freezing that significantly enlarges the crystals.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2020YFE0205900 and 2022YEF0203200)the STI 2030-Major Project(2021ZD0200104 and 2022ZD0205203)+2 种基金the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program(RCYX20210706092100003,RCBS20221008093311027,and JCYJ20210324102006018)the Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS(2022367)the Shenzhen Technological Research Center for Primate Translational Medicine grant(XMHT20220104005).
文摘Dear Editor,The primary motor cortex,also known as MOp in rodents,F1,or M1 in primates[1],plays a crucial role in autonomous motor control.It is interconnected with other motor control structures such as the basal ganglia,thalamus,and brainstem.Among these connections,the corticostriatal system plays a significant role in functions including action selection,motor control,sequence learning,and habit formation[2].
文摘Obesity is a significant global health concern, often leading to comorbidities such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, and hypertension. Bariatric surgery, including sleeve gastrectomy (SG), is a proven treatment for morbid obesity, offering substantial weight loss and resolution of comorbidities. However, post-surgical complications, particularly anorectal disorders such as hemorrhoids and anal fissures, remain underexplored, especially in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective cohort study aimed to assess the prevalence, risk factors, and impact of anal complications following SG at Almoosa Specialist Hospital in Alhassa, Saudi Arabia. A total of 205 patients who underwent SG between January 2020 and December 2021 were surveyed, with 148 eligible participants included in the final analysis. Results indicated that 8.8% of patients experienced anal complications, with anal fissures (53.8%) and hemorrhoids (38.5%) being the most common. These complications typically occurred 2 - 6 months post-surgery. Lifestyle factors such as physical activity and fluid intake were found to significantly reduce the likelihood of anal issues. Moreover, 69.2% of patients with anal problems reported a negative impact on their quality of life. The study highlights the importance of targeted post-operative care, including lifestyle modifications, to mitigate the impact of anal complications. The findings suggest that ongoing education and comprehensive support for bariatric surgery patients, particularly regarding physical activity and hydration, are critical for improving long-term health outcomes. Further research is needed to explore the long-term progression of anal complications and effective interventions for enhancing patient satisfaction and quality of life.
基金ORCID number:Qing-Feng Wang 0009-0009-4579-7133Ying Wu 0009-0007-2061-739X。
文摘BACKGROUND The two-way,three-stage psychological intervention for patients with dental pulp disease offers a reference for nursing interventions in such cases.AIM To examine the effects of a three-stage psychological intervention on psychological resilience and health behaviors.METHODS A total of 114 patients with dental pulp disease treated between December 2022 and December 2023 were allocated into two groups according to the random lottery method,with 57 patients in each group.The control group adopted the teaching method,while the observation group used a three-stage psychological intervention combined with the teaching method.We compared psychological resilience,coping strategies,dental fear,health behavior habits,and stigma between the two groups.RESULTS The intervention group showed significantly improved scores on the psychological resilience scale(Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale)(P<0.05);positive and negative response scores also improved after the intervention(P<0.05);significant differences were observed between the observation and control groups in the Chinese version of the Stouthard Dental Fear Scale(Dental Anxiety Inventory),the Social Impact Scale,and health behavior score(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Combining a three-stage psychological intervention with the back-teaching method effectively reduces dental fear and stigma in patients with dental pulp disease.It also improves psychological resilience,coping strategies,and health behavior habits,achieving significant results.
文摘In the evolving landscape of Tourette’s syndrome(TS)treatment,behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues,as well as motor and vocal tics.This editorial comments on the study by Wang et al,which showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)combined with habit reversal training significantly improved anxiety and tic severity in children with TS.We highlight the current status and future perspectives of behavioral interventions such as CBT,and comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics,demonstrating their efficacy in alleviating TS symptoms and improving patients'quality of life.Recognizing the multifaceted nature of TS,our discussion integrates empirical evidence from various studies to provide a comprehensive perspective on the role of behavioral therapy in the management of this complex condition.This editorial concludes by emphasizing the need for innovative strategies that may address the limitations of existing treatments and advocates a multidisciplinary approach that combines behavioral,pharmacological,and neurobiological interventions to improve outcomes for patients with TS.
文摘The habitual use of smartphones during meals has become a common behavior,raising concerns about its potential impact on eating habits and metabolic health.The present narrative review investigates how using a smartphone or tablet during meals can cause distractions and negatively affect metabolic health.A comprehensive narrative review was conducted by synthesizing peer-reviewed studies on the interplay between smartphone use during meals,eating behaviors,and metabolic health.Relevant literature was identified through searches in electronic databases and organized thematically to highlight trends and research gaps.By synthesizing evidence from existing literature,this review highlights that smartphone use during meals is associated with increased caloric intake,altered food composition,and disruptions in postprandial metabolic responses.These effects are mediated by reduced meal awareness and psychological distractions,including multitasking.Variability in findings arises from differences in study designs and populations.This review identifies critical research gaps,including the lack of longitudinal studies and the need to explore mechanisms underlying these relationships.By summarizing trends and patterns,this narrative review offers valuable insights into the complex interplay between digital device use,eating habits,and metabolic health,providing a foundation for future research and interventions.
文摘The national weight management campaign,part of the broader Healthy China strategy,enhances public health literacy,fosters healthy living habits,and creates supportive environments for sustained weight control.
文摘Chemical elements in space can be synthesized by stellar nuclear reactors. Studying the dynamics of processes occurring in the stars introduces a concept of the ensemble-averaged stellar reactor. For future interstellar missions, the terrestrial and solar abundances were compared with considerable number of stars allocated in the ~200 pc solar neighborhood. According to the value of the effective temperature, four stellar classes are distinguished, for which the correlation coefficients and standard deviation are calculated. The statement about the possibility of transferring heavy elements synthesized by stars over long distances in space has been completely refuted. There is no immutability of the distribution of elements on neighboring stars and in the Solar System. It is shown that chemical elements are mainly synthesized inside each stellar reactor. The theory of the buoyancy of elements is generalized to stars. It has been suggested that stars overheat due to a shift in the parameters of nuclear processes occurring inside stars, which leads to the synthesis of heavy elements.
