AIM:To investigate the effect of probiotics supplemented by gut on the tight junctions of epithelial cells, barrier function and the microflora of rats with abdominal infection. METHODS: After the model of cecal ligat...AIM:To investigate the effect of probiotics supplemented by gut on the tight junctions of epithelial cells, barrier function and the microflora of rats with abdominal infection. METHODS: After the model of cecal ligation and perforation established, SD rats were divided into two groups: parenteral nutrition (PN) group and PIM+probiotics (probiotics) group, PN solution was supplemented by neck vein and probiotics was delivered via the jejunostomy tube for five days. Vena cava blood and the homogenated tissue of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine the bacterial translocation rate (BTR). The ultra-structure of epithelial tight junctions and microvilli of the gut were observed by electron microscopy; occluding expression was measured by indirect-immune fluorescence method; anaerobic bacterial growth by anaerobic culture and DNA fingerprint of bacterial colonies of the feces by PCR. RESULTS: The quantity of lactobacteria and bifydobacteria in probiotics group was higher than that of PN group. The profiles of DNA fingerprint expression in probiotics group were similar to that in the normal group, a new 16S rDNA sequence appeared in the profile in PN group. The occludin expression, the integrality of the gut epithelial tight junction and microvilli in probiotics group were improved as compared with PN group. The BTR and endotoxin in blood were reduced more significantly in probiotics group as compared with PN group. CONCLUSION: The probiotics could improve the gut microflora disturbance, increase occludin expression, maintain the gut epithelial tight junction and decrease the bacterial translocations rate.展开更多
Although accumulating data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder(BVC)can significantly strengthen the immunity and boost the growth of domestic animals,its application potency ...Although accumulating data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder(BVC)can significantly strengthen the immunity and boost the growth of domestic animals,its application potency still awaits verification in commercial fish species such as the large-scale loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus.The impacts of 90-day dietary supplementation of 1%and 2%BVC on survival and growth performance of the loach,and on the intestinal morphological characteristics and gut microflora were analyzed.Our data show that the large-scale loach supplied with BVC at the experimental doses had significant higher survival rates and better growth performance(indicated by greater weight gain(1.13–1.14 times),higher specific growth rate(1.04 times),and lower feed conversion ratio(0.88–0.89 times))compared to that of the control(P<0.05).Histological examination revealed significant longer villus(3.22–5.54 times),deeper crypt(1.77–1.87 times),and thicker muscle(1.59–3.17 times)in the intestines of large-scale loach fed with BVC(P<0.05).Furthermore,we found that the gut microflora consisted of significantly fewer proportions of potential pathogenic bacterial species(Aeromonas veronii and Escherichia coli),but significantly greater proportions of beneficial microbes(Lactococus raffinolactis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii).Therefore,dietary intake of BVC can promote intestinal tract development and optimize gut microflora,by which the survival and growth of large-scale loach may be improved.展开更多
β-Carotene,a typical non-oxygenated carotenoid,is the most efficient source of retinol(VA).The low bio-availability ofβ-carotene lead to large accumulation in colon;however,the relationship betweenβ-carotene and gu...β-Carotene,a typical non-oxygenated carotenoid,is the most efficient source of retinol(VA).The low bio-availability ofβ-carotene lead to large accumulation in colon;however,the relationship betweenβ-carotene and gut microflora remains unclear.This study intends to explore the interaction betweenβ-carotene and gut microflora using an in vitro fermentation model.After 24 h fermentation,the degradation rate ofβ-carotene was(64.28±6.23)%,which was 1.46 times that of the group without gut microflora.Meanwhile,the production of VA was nearly 2 times that of the group without gut microflora,indicating that the gut microflora can metabolizeβ-carotene into VA.β-Carotene also influences the production of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the production of total SCFAs in 0.5 mg/mLβ-carotene(BCM)group was(44.00±1.16)mmol/L,which was 2.26 times that of the blank control(BLK)group.Among them,the production of acetic acid in BCM group was(19.06±0.82)mmol/L,which was 2.64 time that of the BLK group.Furthermore,β-carotene significantly affected the structure and composition of gut microflora,increasing the abundance of Roseburia,Parasutterella and Lachnospiraceae,and decreasing the abundance of Dialister,Collinsella and Enterobacter(P<0.05).This study provides a new way to understand howβ-carotene works in human body with gut microflora.展开更多
The gut microflora is a combination of all microbes in intestine and their microenvironment,and its change can sensitively reflect the relevant response of the body to external environment and remarkably affect body&#...The gut microflora is a combination of all microbes in intestine and their microenvironment,and its change can sensitively reflect the relevant response of the body to external environment and remarkably affect body's metabolism as well.Recent studies have found that cold exposure affects the body's gut microflora,which can lead to changes in the body's metabolism of glucose and lipid.This review summarizes recent research on the effects of cold exposure on gut microbes and metabolism of glucose and lipid,aiming to provide some new ideas on the approaches and measures for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and obesity.展开更多
Gastrodia elata (G. elata ) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In recent years, G. elata has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries because of its excellent health benefits. However, the stabili...Gastrodia elata (G. elata ) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In recent years, G. elata has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries because of its excellent health benefits. However, the stability and bioactivity of phenolic compounds from G. elata after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion remain unknown. In this study, the aqueous extract of G. elata rhizomes was used to simulate gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation in vitro . This study aimed to evaluate the bioaccessibility during the simulation of gastrointestinal and colonic fermentation and to clarify the effects of different digestion stages on the anti-oxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities and intestinal health of samples in vitro . The results indicated that the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents after colonic fermentation for 72 h were 5.48- and 3.24- fold higher than those without digestion, respectively. Except for gastrodigenin and ferulic acid, the contents and bioaccessibility of the other phenols after fermentation were higher than those in the small-intestine stage. Antioxidant activity was positively correlated with the total polyphenol content. The inhibitory activities of pancrelipase and cholinesterase were enhanced by gastric digestion and colonic fermentation. The sample promoted the production of Lactobacillus and decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the content of short-chain fatty acids also exhibited an upward trend. Therefore, G. elata has the potential to develop into a health food with anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, and intestinal health functions.展开更多
This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid(OA) mixture and 2 fiber sources on performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses and gut microflora in broilers. A total of 390 ...This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid(OA) mixture and 2 fiber sources on performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses and gut microflora in broilers. A total of 390 one-day-old broiler chicks(Ross 308) were allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicate pens and 13 chicks each based on a factorial arrangement(2 x 3) in a completely randomized design. The experiment lasted 42 d. The following experimental diets and as well as their interaction were considered: a basal diet supplemented with or without OA(0 or 1 g/kg) and 2 fiber sources(sugar beet pulp[soluble fiber] or rice hull [insoluble fiber];0 or 30 g/kg). Dietary supplementation of OA increased daily weight gains of broilers across the entire rearing period(P < 0.05). The dietary fibrous materials did not affect the performance of broilers. Antibody titer against influenza disease virus was higher in birds fed diets containing rice hull compared with other experimental groups(P < 0.05). The population of Lactobacillus bacteria was greater in birds fed OA-added diets without or with 30 g/kg rice hull supplementation compared with other experimental groups(P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplemental OA improved performance of broilers, and dietary supplemental OA with rice hull enhanced humoral immune responses.展开更多
Objective In order to use facultative gut bacteria as an alternate to animals for the initial gastrointestinal toxicity screening of heavy metals, a comparative study on rat intestinal epithelial cells and resident gu...Objective In order to use facultative gut bacteria as an alternate to animals for the initial gastrointestinal toxicity screening of heavy metals, a comparative study on rat intestinal epithelial cells and resident gut bacteria was undertaken. Methods in vitro growth rate of four gut bacteria, dehydrogenase （DHA） and esterase （EA） activity test, intestinal epithelial and bacterial cell membrane enzymes and in situ effect of arsenite were analysed. Results Growth profile of mixed resident population of gut bacteria and pure isolates of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Staphylococcus sp. revealed an arsenite （2-20 ppm） concentration-dependent inhibition. The viability pattern of epithelial cells also showed similar changes. DHA and EA tests revealed significant inhibition （40%-72%） with arsenite exposure of 5 and 10 ppm in isolated gut bacteria and epithelial cells. Decrease in membrane alkaline phosphatase and Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase activities was in the range of 33%-55% in four bacteria at the arsenite exposure of 10 ppm, whereas it was 60%-65% in intestinal epithelial villus cells, in situ incubation of arsenite using intestinal loops also showed more or less similar changes in membrane enzymes of resident gut bacterial population and epithelial cells. Conclusion The results indicate that facultative gut bacteria can be used as suitable in vitro model for the preliminary screening of arsenical gastrointestinal cytotoxic effects.展开更多
目的分析分娩方式和喂养方式对健康婴儿肠道菌群的影响,探讨肠道相关分子微生态在胆汁淤积性肝病中的作用及意义。方法收集37例健康婴儿(其中阴道分娩21例,剖宫产16例;母乳喂养15例,人工喂养22例)及84例胆汁淤积性肝病婴儿粪便,提取粪...目的分析分娩方式和喂养方式对健康婴儿肠道菌群的影响,探讨肠道相关分子微生态在胆汁淤积性肝病中的作用及意义。方法收集37例健康婴儿(其中阴道分娩21例,剖宫产16例;母乳喂养15例,人工喂养22例)及84例胆汁淤积性肝病婴儿粪便,提取粪便中细菌DNA并测量A260值;应用实时荧光定量PCR反应测定粪便中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌及大肠杆菌3种代表菌的数量。结果阴道分娩婴儿与剖宫产婴儿比较,母乳喂养婴儿与人工喂养婴儿比较,粪便标本中细菌DNA A260值和3种代表菌数量差异均无统计学意义(Pa>0.05)。健康对照组与胆汁淤积性肝病组粪便标本中细菌的DNA A260值分别为(1.94±0.47)g.L-1和(0.40±0.09)g.L-1,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=8.91,P=0.00);健康对照组与胆汁淤积性肝病组3种细菌数(lg拷贝数/g湿便)的对数值比较差异均有统计学意义(双歧杆菌9.49±0.59 vs 7.68±0.57;t=15.96,P=0.00;乳酸杆菌8.58±0.32 vs 8.16±0.70;t=3.46,P=0.00;大肠杆菌6.87±0.67 vs 7.26±0.86;t=-2.41,P=0.02)。结论不同的分娩方式、喂养方式对婴儿期肠道菌群无影响;胆汁淤积性肝病婴儿肠道菌群与健康婴儿不同,粪便中细菌总量减少,双歧杆菌及乳酸杆菌数量明显减少,大肠杆菌的数量则明显增多,提示肠道菌群失调与婴儿胆汁淤积性肝病的发生、发展有一定关系。展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No. 30471687
文摘AIM:To investigate the effect of probiotics supplemented by gut on the tight junctions of epithelial cells, barrier function and the microflora of rats with abdominal infection. METHODS: After the model of cecal ligation and perforation established, SD rats were divided into two groups: parenteral nutrition (PN) group and PIM+probiotics (probiotics) group, PN solution was supplemented by neck vein and probiotics was delivered via the jejunostomy tube for five days. Vena cava blood and the homogenated tissue of liver, lung and mesenteric lymph nodes were cultured to determine the bacterial translocation rate (BTR). The ultra-structure of epithelial tight junctions and microvilli of the gut were observed by electron microscopy; occluding expression was measured by indirect-immune fluorescence method; anaerobic bacterial growth by anaerobic culture and DNA fingerprint of bacterial colonies of the feces by PCR. RESULTS: The quantity of lactobacteria and bifydobacteria in probiotics group was higher than that of PN group. The profiles of DNA fingerprint expression in probiotics group were similar to that in the normal group, a new 16S rDNA sequence appeared in the profile in PN group. The occludin expression, the integrality of the gut epithelial tight junction and microvilli in probiotics group were improved as compared with PN group. The BTR and endotoxin in blood were reduced more significantly in probiotics group as compared with PN group. CONCLUSION: The probiotics could improve the gut microflora disturbance, increase occludin expression, maintain the gut epithelial tight junction and decrease the bacterial translocations rate.
基金Supported by the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province(No.2021C02048)the Science and Technology Project of Wenzhou(No.2019ZX002-02)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(No.LQ21C190003)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2020M671743)the Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory Construction Plans(No.2020E10025)the Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics,SIO(No.MED2020004)。
文摘Although accumulating data demonstrate that dietary supplementation of bamboo vinegar and charcoal powder(BVC)can significantly strengthen the immunity and boost the growth of domestic animals,its application potency still awaits verification in commercial fish species such as the large-scale loach Paramisgurnus dabryanus.The impacts of 90-day dietary supplementation of 1%and 2%BVC on survival and growth performance of the loach,and on the intestinal morphological characteristics and gut microflora were analyzed.Our data show that the large-scale loach supplied with BVC at the experimental doses had significant higher survival rates and better growth performance(indicated by greater weight gain(1.13–1.14 times),higher specific growth rate(1.04 times),and lower feed conversion ratio(0.88–0.89 times))compared to that of the control(P<0.05).Histological examination revealed significant longer villus(3.22–5.54 times),deeper crypt(1.77–1.87 times),and thicker muscle(1.59–3.17 times)in the intestines of large-scale loach fed with BVC(P<0.05).Furthermore,we found that the gut microflora consisted of significantly fewer proportions of potential pathogenic bacterial species(Aeromonas veronii and Escherichia coli),but significantly greater proportions of beneficial microbes(Lactococus raffinolactis and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii).Therefore,dietary intake of BVC can promote intestinal tract development and optimize gut microflora,by which the survival and growth of large-scale loach may be improved.
基金supported by the project of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31801541)the Independent Innovation Fund Project of Agricultural Science and Technology in Jiangsu Province(CX(20)3045)Major Scientific and Technological Achievements Transformation project of Taizhou(SCG 202105).
文摘β-Carotene,a typical non-oxygenated carotenoid,is the most efficient source of retinol(VA).The low bio-availability ofβ-carotene lead to large accumulation in colon;however,the relationship betweenβ-carotene and gut microflora remains unclear.This study intends to explore the interaction betweenβ-carotene and gut microflora using an in vitro fermentation model.After 24 h fermentation,the degradation rate ofβ-carotene was(64.28±6.23)%,which was 1.46 times that of the group without gut microflora.Meanwhile,the production of VA was nearly 2 times that of the group without gut microflora,indicating that the gut microflora can metabolizeβ-carotene into VA.β-Carotene also influences the production of short-chain fatty acids(SCFAs),the production of total SCFAs in 0.5 mg/mLβ-carotene(BCM)group was(44.00±1.16)mmol/L,which was 2.26 times that of the blank control(BLK)group.Among them,the production of acetic acid in BCM group was(19.06±0.82)mmol/L,which was 2.64 time that of the BLK group.Furthermore,β-carotene significantly affected the structure and composition of gut microflora,increasing the abundance of Roseburia,Parasutterella and Lachnospiraceae,and decreasing the abundance of Dialister,Collinsella and Enterobacter(P<0.05).This study provides a new way to understand howβ-carotene works in human body with gut microflora.
文摘The gut microflora is a combination of all microbes in intestine and their microenvironment,and its change can sensitively reflect the relevant response of the body to external environment and remarkably affect body's metabolism as well.Recent studies have found that cold exposure affects the body's gut microflora,which can lead to changes in the body's metabolism of glucose and lipid.This review summarizes recent research on the effects of cold exposure on gut microbes and metabolism of glucose and lipid,aiming to provide some new ideas on the approaches and measures for the prevention and treatment of diabetes and obesity.
基金supported by the Shaanxi Province Key Research and Development Plan[2020NY-139]Scientific Research Program Funded by Shaanxi Provincial Education Department[19JC012]the Scientific Research Project on State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment of Qinba Areas(Joint construction of Hanzhong City&Shaanxi University of Technology).
文摘Gastrodia elata (G. elata ) is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In recent years, G. elata has been widely used in food and pharmaceutical industries because of its excellent health benefits. However, the stability and bioactivity of phenolic compounds from G. elata after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion remain unknown. In this study, the aqueous extract of G. elata rhizomes was used to simulate gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation in vitro . This study aimed to evaluate the bioaccessibility during the simulation of gastrointestinal and colonic fermentation and to clarify the effects of different digestion stages on the anti-oxidant and enzyme inhibitory activities and intestinal health of samples in vitro . The results indicated that the total polyphenol and flavonoid contents after colonic fermentation for 72 h were 5.48- and 3.24- fold higher than those without digestion, respectively. Except for gastrodigenin and ferulic acid, the contents and bioaccessibility of the other phenols after fermentation were higher than those in the small-intestine stage. Antioxidant activity was positively correlated with the total polyphenol content. The inhibitory activities of pancrelipase and cholinesterase were enhanced by gastric digestion and colonic fermentation. The sample promoted the production of Lactobacillus and decreased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. Moreover, the content of short-chain fatty acids also exhibited an upward trend. Therefore, G. elata has the potential to develop into a health food with anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, and intestinal health functions.
文摘This experiment was designed to investigate the effects of a dietary organic acid(OA) mixture and 2 fiber sources on performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses and gut microflora in broilers. A total of 390 one-day-old broiler chicks(Ross 308) were allocated to 6 dietary treatments with 5 replicate pens and 13 chicks each based on a factorial arrangement(2 x 3) in a completely randomized design. The experiment lasted 42 d. The following experimental diets and as well as their interaction were considered: a basal diet supplemented with or without OA(0 or 1 g/kg) and 2 fiber sources(sugar beet pulp[soluble fiber] or rice hull [insoluble fiber];0 or 30 g/kg). Dietary supplementation of OA increased daily weight gains of broilers across the entire rearing period(P < 0.05). The dietary fibrous materials did not affect the performance of broilers. Antibody titer against influenza disease virus was higher in birds fed diets containing rice hull compared with other experimental groups(P < 0.05). The population of Lactobacillus bacteria was greater in birds fed OA-added diets without or with 30 g/kg rice hull supplementation compared with other experimental groups(P < 0.05). In conclusion, dietary supplemental OA improved performance of broilers, and dietary supplemental OA with rice hull enhanced humoral immune responses.
文摘Objective In order to use facultative gut bacteria as an alternate to animals for the initial gastrointestinal toxicity screening of heavy metals, a comparative study on rat intestinal epithelial cells and resident gut bacteria was undertaken. Methods in vitro growth rate of four gut bacteria, dehydrogenase （DHA） and esterase （EA） activity test, intestinal epithelial and bacterial cell membrane enzymes and in situ effect of arsenite were analysed. Results Growth profile of mixed resident population of gut bacteria and pure isolates of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Lactobacillus sp., and Staphylococcus sp. revealed an arsenite （2-20 ppm） concentration-dependent inhibition. The viability pattern of epithelial cells also showed similar changes. DHA and EA tests revealed significant inhibition （40%-72%） with arsenite exposure of 5 and 10 ppm in isolated gut bacteria and epithelial cells. Decrease in membrane alkaline phosphatase and Ca^2＋-Mg^2＋-ATPase activities was in the range of 33%-55% in four bacteria at the arsenite exposure of 10 ppm, whereas it was 60%-65% in intestinal epithelial villus cells, in situ incubation of arsenite using intestinal loops also showed more or less similar changes in membrane enzymes of resident gut bacterial population and epithelial cells. Conclusion The results indicate that facultative gut bacteria can be used as suitable in vitro model for the preliminary screening of arsenical gastrointestinal cytotoxic effects.
文摘目的分析分娩方式和喂养方式对健康婴儿肠道菌群的影响,探讨肠道相关分子微生态在胆汁淤积性肝病中的作用及意义。方法收集37例健康婴儿(其中阴道分娩21例,剖宫产16例;母乳喂养15例,人工喂养22例)及84例胆汁淤积性肝病婴儿粪便,提取粪便中细菌DNA并测量A260值;应用实时荧光定量PCR反应测定粪便中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌及大肠杆菌3种代表菌的数量。结果阴道分娩婴儿与剖宫产婴儿比较,母乳喂养婴儿与人工喂养婴儿比较,粪便标本中细菌DNA A260值和3种代表菌数量差异均无统计学意义(Pa>0.05)。健康对照组与胆汁淤积性肝病组粪便标本中细菌的DNA A260值分别为(1.94±0.47)g.L-1和(0.40±0.09)g.L-1,2组比较差异有统计学意义(t=8.91,P=0.00);健康对照组与胆汁淤积性肝病组3种细菌数(lg拷贝数/g湿便)的对数值比较差异均有统计学意义(双歧杆菌9.49±0.59 vs 7.68±0.57;t=15.96,P=0.00;乳酸杆菌8.58±0.32 vs 8.16±0.70;t=3.46,P=0.00;大肠杆菌6.87±0.67 vs 7.26±0.86;t=-2.41,P=0.02)。结论不同的分娩方式、喂养方式对婴儿期肠道菌群无影响;胆汁淤积性肝病婴儿肠道菌群与健康婴儿不同,粪便中细菌总量减少,双歧杆菌及乳酸杆菌数量明显减少,大肠杆菌的数量则明显增多,提示肠道菌群失调与婴儿胆汁淤积性肝病的发生、发展有一定关系。
