Sodium cocoyl glycinate(SCG),an environmentally friendly anionic amino acid surfactant,is widely used in daily chemical products as an upgraded alternative to traditional surfactants.In this study,crude Camellia oleif...Sodium cocoyl glycinate(SCG),an environmentally friendly anionic amino acid surfactant,is widely used in daily chemical products as an upgraded alternative to traditional surfactants.In this study,crude Camellia oleifera saponin(COS)was purified using AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin,and its composition and structure were analyzed.The effects of different mole fractions of COS(αCOS)on surface tension(γ),oil-water interfacial tension(IFT),emulsification,and foam properties of COS-SCG binary mixed systems were investigated in mixtures of SCG with purified COS.The stability ofγand foamability under diverse environmental conditions were also discussed.The results indicated that the COS-SCG system exhibited remarkable surface-active synergism.The minimum critical micelle concentration(cmc)of the mixed system was lower than that of SCG,and adding a small mole fraction of COS(1%-2%)induced a synergistic reduction ofγ.Specifically,the cmc andγwere 2.50×10-4 mol/L and 23.1 mN/m forαCOS=1%,respectively.The system exhibited exceptional IFT reduction capacity,achieving a minimum value of 1.42 mN/m atαCOS=10%.The mixed system reached a foaming volume(atαCOS=50%)and foam stability(atαCOS=75%)were 51.0 mL and 97.37%,respectively.Microscopic analysis further confirmed these outstanding foam properties.Moreover,the COS-SCG system displayed reducedγwith enhanced foaming volume under elevated temperatures(35-75℃)and salinity(0-20 g/L).However,acidic conditions and hard water compromised bothγstability and foamability.展开更多
Hyperactivity and tic symptoms in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)have a bidirectional association with sleep disorders,while magnesium deficiency is a key nutritional facto...Hyperactivity and tic symptoms in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)have a bidirectional association with sleep disorders,while magnesium deficiency is a key nutritional factor exacerbating this vicious cycle.The SLS Magnesium Glycinate Complex Liquid Supplement formula adopts the core logic of“sleep improvement-mood stabilization-behavioral regulation”and enhances the neuromodulatory effects of magnesium ions through multi-component synergy.Tailored to the developmental needs of different stages aged 4-16 years,the formula features a child-friendly dosage design,forming a closed-loop regulation in aiding sleep,reducing tics,and maintaining daytime functioning.A 3-month clinical trial showed that the formula improved sleep efficiency by 15%-23%,reduced tic frequency by 21%-32%,and enhanced emotional stability scores by 24%-30%across all age groups with ADHD,with good safety and tolerability.This study provides a targeted nutritional intervention solution for ADHD,and its age-stratified design concept offers scientific reference for precise nutritional support during different developmental stages of children and adolescents.展开更多
In view of the difference in coordination capacity of the glycine ion(Gly−),a selective leaching process for treating with spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in the alkaline glycinate system was proposed.The effects of ...In view of the difference in coordination capacity of the glycine ion(Gly−),a selective leaching process for treating with spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in the alkaline glycinate system was proposed.The effects of retention time,leaching temperature,concentration of glycine ligand,liquid-solid ratio(L/S),pH,stirring speed,and H_(2)O_(2) dosage on the leaching efficiency of valuable metals and the dissolution of impurities were investigated.When the spent LIBs were leached in 3 mol/L glycine aqueous solution with pH of 8,L/S of 5 mL:1 g and H_(2)O_(2) dosage of 5 vol.%at 90℃and stirring speed of 400 r/min for 3 h,lithium,cobalt,nickel,and manganese recoveries were 96.31%,83.18%,91.56%,and 31.16%,respectively,but Ca,Al,Fe,and Cu were almost insoluble.Meanwhile,the kinetic study showed that the activation energies for the leaching of Li,Co,Ni,and Mn were all in the range of 45−61 kJ/mol.The results indicate that the leaching process is all controlled by chemical reactions.展开更多
Metal glycinate chelates are formed by glycine and metal compounds through chemical reactions.Calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate are kinds of new-type and ideal nutrient supplements,which have sa...Metal glycinate chelates are formed by glycine and metal compounds through chemical reactions.Calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate are kinds of new-type and ideal nutrient supplements,which have satisfactory physico-chemical properties and bioactivities.They are important for prophylaxis and treat metal deficiency.The structural characterization shows that the metal ion is bonded to the amino and carboxyl group to form two five-membered rings.This paper mainly studies the structure characterization of the metal chelated glycinates by their solubility,infrared spectrum,thermal analysis,mass spectrometry,polycrystal difrac-tion,the metal contents and glycine contents of calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate.展开更多
Cocoyl glycine was synthesized directly from coconut oil and sodium glycinate in yield of 87%. IR, ESI-MS and LC/MS analysis results showed that cocoyl glycine consists of a series of acyl glycines with different acyl...Cocoyl glycine was synthesized directly from coconut oil and sodium glycinate in yield of 87%. IR, ESI-MS and LC/MS analysis results showed that cocoyl glycine consists of a series of acyl glycines with different acyl chain lengths, and the proportion of each component was consistent with the composition of fatty acids derived from coconut oil. The surface tension and the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of corresponding sodium salt were evaluated. The result showed that sodium cocoyl glycinate reduced the surface tension of water to a minimum value of approximately 33 mN·m-1 at CMC of 0.21 mmol·L-1.展开更多
One novel 3D 3d-4f coordination polymer, [LaZn（glc）（ox）2（H20）2]n （1, glc = glycinate, ox = oxalate）, was obtained by the in situ synthesis of glycinate from the reaction of tetrazole-l-acetic acid, sodium oxal...One novel 3D 3d-4f coordination polymer, [LaZn（glc）（ox）2（H20）2]n （1, glc = glycinate, ox = oxalate）, was obtained by the in situ synthesis of glycinate from the reaction of tetrazole-l-acetic acid, sodium oxalate, zinc nitrate and lanthanide oxide in the presence of a trace quantity of nitric acid under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 0.99601（9）, b = 1.14592（10）, c = 1.19107（10） nm and β = 108.7150（10）°. 1 exhibits an unusual 3D heterometallic coordination framework constructed by heterometallic dinuclear LaZn subunits and mixed ox and glc linkers with a uninodal 6-connected vine {33.43.58.6} net.展开更多
Cu(OTf)2(Py)4 mediated radiofluorination of the boronate esters of ethyl benzoyl and phthaloylglycinates (11 and 16) using 10 mol% of the copper complex following the literature procedure did not provide the fluorinat...Cu(OTf)2(Py)4 mediated radiofluorination of the boronate esters of ethyl benzoyl and phthaloylglycinates (11 and 16) using 10 mol% of the copper complex following the literature procedure did not provide the fluorinated products. However, the addition of Cu(OTf)2resulted in the radio-fluorination of the boronate esters 11 and 16 to obtain ethyl 4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl glycinate, 17, (48%) and ethyl 3-[18F]phthaloylglycinate (41%) respectively.展开更多
The physicochemical properties,including the density,viscosity,and refractive index of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate as a solvent for CO_2 absorption in the non-precipitation regime were measured under the wid...The physicochemical properties,including the density,viscosity,and refractive index of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate as a solvent for CO_2 absorption in the non-precipitation regime were measured under the wide temperature range of 298.15 to 343.15 K.The concentration of the sodium glycinate in an aqueous form in the non-precipitation regime was identified up to 2.0 mol ? L^(-1).The coefficients of thermal expansion values were estimated from measured density data.It was found that,the densities,viscosities and refractive indices of the aqueous sodium glycinate decrease with an increase in temperature,whereas with increasing sodium glycinate concentration in the solution,all three properties increase.Thermal expansion coefficients slightly increase with rising temperature and concentration.The measured values of density,viscosity and refractive index were correlated as a function of temperature by using the least squares method.The predicted data obtained from correlation equations for all measured properties were in fairly good agreement with the experimental data.展开更多
Background:Potassium cocoyl glycinate,a kind of amino acid surfactant,is widely used as major component for facial cleansing.However,the interaction between surfactants and compounds in the stratum corneum has been su...Background:Potassium cocoyl glycinate,a kind of amino acid surfactant,is widely used as major component for facial cleansing.However,the interaction between surfactants and compounds in the stratum corneum has been suggested as a contributing factor to their potential skin irritancy.Objective:This study aimed to the effects of adding surfactants,polymers,lipids and active substances on diminishing skin irritation caused by potassium cocoyl glycinate.Materials and methods:Zein test and Hemolysis test enabled the identification of irritation to proteins and cells in the studied binary systems.The critical micelle concentration(CMC)was evaluated by the surface tension method.The power of the analyzed polymers to diminish irritation of potassium cocoyl glycinate was represented by the reduction rate.Results:(1)Amphoteric surfactants and nonionic surfactants are effective at reducing the irritation of potassium cocoyl glycinate in some cases by reducing CMC;(2)Addition of polymers to the potassium cocoyl glycinate solutions improves its safety of use.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose could reduce the irritation by 88.63%;(3)Combining most lipids can assist in declining the irritation,Lppg-28-Buteth-35 could inhibit the irritation of red blood cells by 16.52%;(4)The effects of active substances varied,hydrolyzed sodium hyaluronate results in a significant reduction in irritation to cells.Conclusion:In facial cleansers based on potassium cocoyl glycinate,supplying co-surfactant,polymers,lipids and active substances can reduce the irritation to some extent,however,the effects are various.展开更多
A new porous compound, Copper glycinate (Bio-MOF-29), [Cu(C2H4NO2)2 (H2O)] has been synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by single crystal XRD analysis. Bio-MOF-29 crystallized in orthorhombic crys...A new porous compound, Copper glycinate (Bio-MOF-29), [Cu(C2H4NO2)2 (H2O)] has been synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by single crystal XRD analysis. Bio-MOF-29 crystallized in orthorhombic crystal system with P212121 space group. In vitro adsorption studies of four different drugs, terazosine hydrochloride, telmisartan, glimpiride and rosuvastatin have been carried out for Bio-MOF-29. Drugs adsorption estimations of drugs loaded Bio-MOF-29 have been carried out through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), which reveals that these drugs are successfuly adsorbed in it. Also the slow release of adsorbed drugs after intervals was observed through HPLC. Thermograms and powder XRD patterns of Bio-MOF-29 before and after drugs adsorption were also recorded to elaborate the phenomenon of drugs adsorption in Bio-MOF-29.展开更多
Ferrous glycinate(Fe-Gly)has been increasingly used as iron fortification in the diets of weaned piglets and broilers,but the effect of Fe-Gly on intestinal barrier function in meat ducks has not been well defined.Thi...Ferrous glycinate(Fe-Gly)has been increasingly used as iron fortification in the diets of weaned piglets and broilers,but the effect of Fe-Gly on intestinal barrier function in meat ducks has not been well defined.This study therefore investigated the effect of Fe-Gly on apparent nutrient utilization,hematological indices,intestinal morphological parameters,intestinal barrier function and microbial composition in meat ducks.A total of 672 one-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 6treatments(8 replicates for each treatment and 14 ducks for each replicate)and fed diets with 0(control),30,60,90 and 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly or 120 mg/kg Fe SO4for 35 d.The results showed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly significantly increased average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),hematocrit(HCT),mean cell volume(MCV),the apparent utilization of dry matter(DM)and metabolizable energy(ME),villus height(VH)and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(V:C)(P<0.05).FeGly also significantly up-regulated barrier-related genes including zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),zonula occludens-2(ZO-2),mucin 2(MUC2)and lysozyme(LYZ)(P<0.05),and down-regulated the m RNA expression of claudin-2(CLDN2)and occludin(OCLN)in the jejunum(P<0.05).The 16S r RNA sequence analysis indicated that the diet with Fe-Gly had a higher relative abundance of Intestinimonas and Romboutsia(P<0.05),which have an ability to produce short chain fatty acids(SCFAs),especially butyric acid.It also decreased the relative abundance of pathobiont,including Megamonas,Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group and Plebeius(P<0.05).Additionally,diets supplemented with 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly significantly increased the apparent utilization of DM and ME(P<0.05)and decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas_unclassified and Bacteroides_unclassified compared with those fed120 mg/kg Fe SO4(P<0.05).These results revealed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly exerted a potent beneficial effect on physical,chemical,immune and microbial barriers,thereby improving the integrity of the intestinal structure,promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients to a certain extent,and ultimately elevating the growth performance of ducks.展开更多
Focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM)and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR)analysis were used to study the precipitation process of CO2-loaded potassium glycinate(KGLY)solutions at different CO2 loadings,dur...Focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM)and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR)analysis were used to study the precipitation process of CO2-loaded potassium glycinate(KGLY)solutions at different CO2 loadings,during the addition of ethanol as an antisolvent at a rate of 10 mL·min−1.The volume ratio of ethanol added to the KGLY solution(3.0 mol·L−1,340 mL)ranged from 0 to 3.0.Three solid-liquid-liquid phases were formed during the precipitation process.The FBRM results showed that the number of particles formed increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition for CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions,whilst for CO2-saturated KGLY solution it first increased then decreased to a stable value with ethanol addition.13C NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the crystals precipitated from the CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions consisted of glycine only,and the quantity crystallised increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition.However,a complex mixture containing glycine,carbamate and potassium bicarbonate was precipitated from CO2-saturated KGLY solution with the maximum precipitation percentages of 94.3%,31.4%and 89.6%,respectively,at the ethanol volume fractions of 1.6,2.5 and 2.3.展开更多
A new ternary complex [Cu（PBT）（Gly）（H2O）]ClO4 （PBT=2-（2＇-pyridyl）benzothiazole, and Gly=glycinate） has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and IR methods. The compl...A new ternary complex [Cu（PBT）（Gly）（H2O）]ClO4 （PBT=2-（2＇-pyridyl）benzothiazole, and Gly=glycinate） has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and IR methods. The complex, structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, shows a slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry in which two nitrogen atoms of PBT and the carboxylate oxygen atom O and the amino nitrogen atom N of Gly bind at the basal plane, a water molecule is coordinated at the apical position. The complex, Cu（ClO4）2 and flee PBT were each tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of two Gram（--） （Escherichia coil, Salmonella） and two Gram（＋） （Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus） microorganisms. The complex showed good antibacterial activities against the microorganisms compared with free PBT and Cu（C104）2. The interaction between the complex and calf thymus DNA in aqueous solution was investigated using electronic spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroic spectroscopy, and viscosity measurements. Results suggest that the complex could bind to DNA by an intercalative mode. In addition, the result of agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the complex can cleave the plasmid DNA by hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen-like species under the condition of physiological pH and room temperature.展开更多
Asymmetric syntheses of (S)-α-amino acids in 28--98% optical yields via double chiral induction in alkylations of ketimine 1 derived from (+)-2-hydroxypinan-3-one and (-)-men- thyl glycinate which is a chiral match p...Asymmetric syntheses of (S)-α-amino acids in 28--98% optical yields via double chiral induction in alkylations of ketimine 1 derived from (+)-2-hydroxypinan-3-one and (-)-men- thyl glycinate which is a chiral match pair have been studied. The factors controlling the diastereoselec- tivities in alkylation reactions of the ketimine, the properties of alkylating agents and various alkylation conditions are examined.展开更多
文摘Sodium cocoyl glycinate(SCG),an environmentally friendly anionic amino acid surfactant,is widely used in daily chemical products as an upgraded alternative to traditional surfactants.In this study,crude Camellia oleifera saponin(COS)was purified using AB-8 macroporous adsorption resin,and its composition and structure were analyzed.The effects of different mole fractions of COS(αCOS)on surface tension(γ),oil-water interfacial tension(IFT),emulsification,and foam properties of COS-SCG binary mixed systems were investigated in mixtures of SCG with purified COS.The stability ofγand foamability under diverse environmental conditions were also discussed.The results indicated that the COS-SCG system exhibited remarkable surface-active synergism.The minimum critical micelle concentration(cmc)of the mixed system was lower than that of SCG,and adding a small mole fraction of COS(1%-2%)induced a synergistic reduction ofγ.Specifically,the cmc andγwere 2.50×10-4 mol/L and 23.1 mN/m forαCOS=1%,respectively.The system exhibited exceptional IFT reduction capacity,achieving a minimum value of 1.42 mN/m atαCOS=10%.The mixed system reached a foaming volume(atαCOS=50%)and foam stability(atαCOS=75%)were 51.0 mL and 97.37%,respectively.Microscopic analysis further confirmed these outstanding foam properties.Moreover,the COS-SCG system displayed reducedγwith enhanced foaming volume under elevated temperatures(35-75℃)and salinity(0-20 g/L).However,acidic conditions and hard water compromised bothγstability and foamability.
文摘Hyperactivity and tic symptoms in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD)have a bidirectional association with sleep disorders,while magnesium deficiency is a key nutritional factor exacerbating this vicious cycle.The SLS Magnesium Glycinate Complex Liquid Supplement formula adopts the core logic of“sleep improvement-mood stabilization-behavioral regulation”and enhances the neuromodulatory effects of magnesium ions through multi-component synergy.Tailored to the developmental needs of different stages aged 4-16 years,the formula features a child-friendly dosage design,forming a closed-loop regulation in aiding sleep,reducing tics,and maintaining daytime functioning.A 3-month clinical trial showed that the formula improved sleep efficiency by 15%-23%,reduced tic frequency by 21%-32%,and enhanced emotional stability scores by 24%-30%across all age groups with ADHD,with good safety and tolerability.This study provides a targeted nutritional intervention solution for ADHD,and its age-stratified design concept offers scientific reference for precise nutritional support during different developmental stages of children and adolescents.
基金Projects(51974137,52274299)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2023M733190)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation。
文摘In view of the difference in coordination capacity of the glycine ion(Gly−),a selective leaching process for treating with spent lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)in the alkaline glycinate system was proposed.The effects of retention time,leaching temperature,concentration of glycine ligand,liquid-solid ratio(L/S),pH,stirring speed,and H_(2)O_(2) dosage on the leaching efficiency of valuable metals and the dissolution of impurities were investigated.When the spent LIBs were leached in 3 mol/L glycine aqueous solution with pH of 8,L/S of 5 mL:1 g and H_(2)O_(2) dosage of 5 vol.%at 90℃and stirring speed of 400 r/min for 3 h,lithium,cobalt,nickel,and manganese recoveries were 96.31%,83.18%,91.56%,and 31.16%,respectively,but Ca,Al,Fe,and Cu were almost insoluble.Meanwhile,the kinetic study showed that the activation energies for the leaching of Li,Co,Ni,and Mn were all in the range of 45−61 kJ/mol.The results indicate that the leaching process is all controlled by chemical reactions.
文摘Metal glycinate chelates are formed by glycine and metal compounds through chemical reactions.Calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate are kinds of new-type and ideal nutrient supplements,which have satisfactory physico-chemical properties and bioactivities.They are important for prophylaxis and treat metal deficiency.The structural characterization shows that the metal ion is bonded to the amino and carboxyl group to form two five-membered rings.This paper mainly studies the structure characterization of the metal chelated glycinates by their solubility,infrared spectrum,thermal analysis,mass spectrometry,polycrystal difrac-tion,the metal contents and glycine contents of calcium glycinate,magnesium glycinate and zinc glycinate.
文摘Cocoyl glycine was synthesized directly from coconut oil and sodium glycinate in yield of 87%. IR, ESI-MS and LC/MS analysis results showed that cocoyl glycine consists of a series of acyl glycines with different acyl chain lengths, and the proportion of each component was consistent with the composition of fatty acids derived from coconut oil. The surface tension and the Critical Micelle Concentration (CMC) of corresponding sodium salt were evaluated. The result showed that sodium cocoyl glycinate reduced the surface tension of water to a minimum value of approximately 33 mN·m-1 at CMC of 0.21 mmol·L-1.
基金Supported by Public science and technology research funds projects of ocean (No. 2000905021)the Guangdong Oceanic Fisheries Technology Promotion Project (No. A2009003-018(c))+1 种基金the Guangdong Chinese Academy of Sciences comprehensive strategic cooperation project (No. 2009B091300121)the Guangdong Province key project in the field of social development (No. A2009011-007(c))
文摘One novel 3D 3d-4f coordination polymer, [LaZn（glc）（ox）2（H20）2]n （1, glc = glycinate, ox = oxalate）, was obtained by the in situ synthesis of glycinate from the reaction of tetrazole-l-acetic acid, sodium oxalate, zinc nitrate and lanthanide oxide in the presence of a trace quantity of nitric acid under hydrothermal conditions. Compound 1 is of monoclinic, space group P21/n with a = 0.99601（9）, b = 1.14592（10）, c = 1.19107（10） nm and β = 108.7150（10）°. 1 exhibits an unusual 3D heterometallic coordination framework constructed by heterometallic dinuclear LaZn subunits and mixed ox and glc linkers with a uninodal 6-connected vine {33.43.58.6} net.
文摘Cu(OTf)2(Py)4 mediated radiofluorination of the boronate esters of ethyl benzoyl and phthaloylglycinates (11 and 16) using 10 mol% of the copper complex following the literature procedure did not provide the fluorinated products. However, the addition of Cu(OTf)2resulted in the radio-fluorination of the boronate esters 11 and 16 to obtain ethyl 4-[18F]fluorobenzoyl glycinate, 17, (48%) and ethyl 3-[18F]phthaloylglycinate (41%) respectively.
基金Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS for providing financial support(Grant number YUTP-15-8209-005)RCCO_2C for technical support to complete the present research work
文摘The physicochemical properties,including the density,viscosity,and refractive index of aqueous solutions of sodium glycinate as a solvent for CO_2 absorption in the non-precipitation regime were measured under the wide temperature range of 298.15 to 343.15 K.The concentration of the sodium glycinate in an aqueous form in the non-precipitation regime was identified up to 2.0 mol ? L^(-1).The coefficients of thermal expansion values were estimated from measured density data.It was found that,the densities,viscosities and refractive indices of the aqueous sodium glycinate decrease with an increase in temperature,whereas with increasing sodium glycinate concentration in the solution,all three properties increase.Thermal expansion coefficients slightly increase with rising temperature and concentration.The measured values of density,viscosity and refractive index were correlated as a function of temperature by using the least squares method.The predicted data obtained from correlation equations for all measured properties were in fairly good agreement with the experimental data.
文摘Background:Potassium cocoyl glycinate,a kind of amino acid surfactant,is widely used as major component for facial cleansing.However,the interaction between surfactants and compounds in the stratum corneum has been suggested as a contributing factor to their potential skin irritancy.Objective:This study aimed to the effects of adding surfactants,polymers,lipids and active substances on diminishing skin irritation caused by potassium cocoyl glycinate.Materials and methods:Zein test and Hemolysis test enabled the identification of irritation to proteins and cells in the studied binary systems.The critical micelle concentration(CMC)was evaluated by the surface tension method.The power of the analyzed polymers to diminish irritation of potassium cocoyl glycinate was represented by the reduction rate.Results:(1)Amphoteric surfactants and nonionic surfactants are effective at reducing the irritation of potassium cocoyl glycinate in some cases by reducing CMC;(2)Addition of polymers to the potassium cocoyl glycinate solutions improves its safety of use.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose could reduce the irritation by 88.63%;(3)Combining most lipids can assist in declining the irritation,Lppg-28-Buteth-35 could inhibit the irritation of red blood cells by 16.52%;(4)The effects of active substances varied,hydrolyzed sodium hyaluronate results in a significant reduction in irritation to cells.Conclusion:In facial cleansers based on potassium cocoyl glycinate,supplying co-surfactant,polymers,lipids and active substances can reduce the irritation to some extent,however,the effects are various.
文摘A new porous compound, Copper glycinate (Bio-MOF-29), [Cu(C2H4NO2)2 (H2O)] has been synthesized by the hydrothermal method and characterized by single crystal XRD analysis. Bio-MOF-29 crystallized in orthorhombic crystal system with P212121 space group. In vitro adsorption studies of four different drugs, terazosine hydrochloride, telmisartan, glimpiride and rosuvastatin have been carried out for Bio-MOF-29. Drugs adsorption estimations of drugs loaded Bio-MOF-29 have been carried out through High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), which reveals that these drugs are successfuly adsorbed in it. Also the slow release of adsorbed drugs after intervals was observed through HPLC. Thermograms and powder XRD patterns of Bio-MOF-29 before and after drugs adsorption were also recorded to elaborate the phenomenon of drugs adsorption in Bio-MOF-29.
基金supported by Sichuan Longda Animal Husbandry Science and Technology Co.,Ltd.(No.009H2200)。
文摘Ferrous glycinate(Fe-Gly)has been increasingly used as iron fortification in the diets of weaned piglets and broilers,but the effect of Fe-Gly on intestinal barrier function in meat ducks has not been well defined.This study therefore investigated the effect of Fe-Gly on apparent nutrient utilization,hematological indices,intestinal morphological parameters,intestinal barrier function and microbial composition in meat ducks.A total of 672 one-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 6treatments(8 replicates for each treatment and 14 ducks for each replicate)and fed diets with 0(control),30,60,90 and 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly or 120 mg/kg Fe SO4for 35 d.The results showed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly significantly increased average daily gain(ADG),average daily feed intake(ADFI),hematocrit(HCT),mean cell volume(MCV),the apparent utilization of dry matter(DM)and metabolizable energy(ME),villus height(VH)and villus height-to-crypt depth ratio(V:C)(P<0.05).FeGly also significantly up-regulated barrier-related genes including zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),zonula occludens-2(ZO-2),mucin 2(MUC2)and lysozyme(LYZ)(P<0.05),and down-regulated the m RNA expression of claudin-2(CLDN2)and occludin(OCLN)in the jejunum(P<0.05).The 16S r RNA sequence analysis indicated that the diet with Fe-Gly had a higher relative abundance of Intestinimonas and Romboutsia(P<0.05),which have an ability to produce short chain fatty acids(SCFAs),especially butyric acid.It also decreased the relative abundance of pathobiont,including Megamonas,Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group and Plebeius(P<0.05).Additionally,diets supplemented with 120 mg/kg Fe-Gly significantly increased the apparent utilization of DM and ME(P<0.05)and decreased the relative abundance of Megamonas_unclassified and Bacteroides_unclassified compared with those fed120 mg/kg Fe SO4(P<0.05).These results revealed that diets supplemented with Fe-Gly exerted a potent beneficial effect on physical,chemical,immune and microbial barriers,thereby improving the integrity of the intestinal structure,promoting the digestion and absorption of nutrients to a certain extent,and ultimately elevating the growth performance of ducks.
基金The authors acknowledge the infrastructure support from the Particulate Fluids Processing Centre(PFPC),the Peter Cook Centre(FCC)for Carbon Capture and Storage(CCS).
文摘Focused beam reflectance measurement(FBRM)and 13C nuclear magnetic resonance(13C NMR)analysis were used to study the precipitation process of CO2-loaded potassium glycinate(KGLY)solutions at different CO2 loadings,during the addition of ethanol as an antisolvent at a rate of 10 mL·min−1.The volume ratio of ethanol added to the KGLY solution(3.0 mol·L−1,340 mL)ranged from 0 to 3.0.Three solid-liquid-liquid phases were formed during the precipitation process.The FBRM results showed that the number of particles formed increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition for CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions,whilst for CO2-saturated KGLY solution it first increased then decreased to a stable value with ethanol addition.13C NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the crystals precipitated from the CO2-unsaturated KGLY solutions consisted of glycine only,and the quantity crystallised increased with CO2 loading and ethanol addition.However,a complex mixture containing glycine,carbamate and potassium bicarbonate was precipitated from CO2-saturated KGLY solution with the maximum precipitation percentages of 94.3%,31.4%and 89.6%,respectively,at the ethanol volume fractions of 1.6,2.5 and 2.3.
基金We are thankful for the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province （No. 10151064201000016） and the 211 Project Program Foundation of South China Agricultural University （No. 2009B010100001）.
文摘A new ternary complex [Cu（PBT）（Gly）（H2O）]ClO4 （PBT=2-（2＇-pyridyl）benzothiazole, and Gly=glycinate） has been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and IR methods. The complex, structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography, shows a slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry in which two nitrogen atoms of PBT and the carboxylate oxygen atom O and the amino nitrogen atom N of Gly bind at the basal plane, a water molecule is coordinated at the apical position. The complex, Cu（ClO4）2 and flee PBT were each tested for their ability to inhibit the growth of two Gram（--） （Escherichia coil, Salmonella） and two Gram（＋） （Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus） microorganisms. The complex showed good antibacterial activities against the microorganisms compared with free PBT and Cu（C104）2. The interaction between the complex and calf thymus DNA in aqueous solution was investigated using electronic spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, circular dichroic spectroscopy, and viscosity measurements. Results suggest that the complex could bind to DNA by an intercalative mode. In addition, the result of agarose gel electrophoresis showed that the complex can cleave the plasmid DNA by hydroxyl radicals and singlet oxygen-like species under the condition of physiological pH and room temperature.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Asymmetric syntheses of (S)-α-amino acids in 28--98% optical yields via double chiral induction in alkylations of ketimine 1 derived from (+)-2-hydroxypinan-3-one and (-)-men- thyl glycinate which is a chiral match pair have been studied. The factors controlling the diastereoselec- tivities in alkylation reactions of the ketimine, the properties of alkylating agents and various alkylation conditions are examined.
