Organic small molecule fluorophores have been widely used in biology and biochemistry to study cellular structures and processes at high spatial and temporal resolution.Small-molecule dyes offer various benefits,such ...Organic small molecule fluorophores have been widely used in biology and biochemistry to study cellular structures and processes at high spatial and temporal resolution.Small-molecule dyes offer various benefits,such as high photostability,low molecular weight,and great biocompatibility.However,the poor brightness of most of conventional dyes in biological environments limits their use in high-quality superresolution fluorescence imaging.Chemists have conceived and developed many methods to enhance the brightness of fluorophores,including structural alterations that raise extinction coefficients and quantum yields.This review outlines current attempts and substantial advances achieved by chemists to improve the brightness of organic small-molecule fluorescent dyes,such as scaffold rigidification and twisted intramolecular charge transfer(TICT)inhibition.We think that this review will help researchers understand the chemical mechanisms involved in increasing the brightness of fluorophores for biological applications.展开更多
Much attention is devoted to fluorescent dyes especially those with potential in versatile applications.Reactions under "click" conditions between nonfluorescent 3-azidocoumarins and terminal alkynes produce...Much attention is devoted to fluorescent dyes especially those with potential in versatile applications.Reactions under "click" conditions between nonfluorescent 3-azidocoumarins and terminal alkynes produced 3-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)coumarins,a novel type of fluorescent dyes with intense fluorescence.The structures of the new coumarins were characterized by 1H NMR,MS,and IR spectra.Fluorescence spectra measurement demonstrated excellent fluorescence performance of the triazolylcoumarins and this click reaction is a promising candidate for bioconjugation and bioimaging applications since both azide and alkynes are quite inert to biological systems.展开更多
The fluorophores Xan-OH and Xan-OH/FBS,based on xanthene structure,possess an effective nearinfrared absorption,near-infraredⅡ(NIR-Ⅱ)fluorescent imaging ability,and excellent photothermal property.Xan-OH/FBS also ha...The fluorophores Xan-OH and Xan-OH/FBS,based on xanthene structure,possess an effective nearinfrared absorption,near-infraredⅡ(NIR-Ⅱ)fluorescent imaging ability,and excellent photothermal property.Xan-OH/FBS also has good viscosity-sensitivity,enabling the real-time in vivo visualization of acute liver injury induced by CCl_(4).Moreover,the photothermal conversion coefficient of Xan-OH and Xan-OH/FBS under 808 nm laser irradiation are significant(27.53%and 26.77%,respectively),which could realize NIR-Ⅱfluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy for He La xenograft tumor.Given these promising characteristics,Xan-OH/FBS is an efficient NIR-Ⅱfluorescent imaging agent for acute liver injury and a potential photothermal therapeutic agent for tumor.展开更多
Upconversion NaLuF4 nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvothermal method which could emit multicolor visible light under the excitation of 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) photons. These upconversion nanoparticles (UCN...Upconversion NaLuF4 nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvothermal method which could emit multicolor visible light under the excitation of 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) photons. These upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with an acidic ligand could rapidly capture the basic rhodamine-B (RB) in plant cells to generate a close UCNPs@RB system. RB could efficiently absorb the green fluorescence from NaLuF4:18 mol.%Yb3+,2 mol.%Er3+ UCNPs and then emitted red light in the UCNPs@RB system by a robust luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) from UCNPs to RB. The detection limit of RB with these upconversion fluo-rescent nanoprobes could reach 0.25μg/cm3 in plant cell even under an ultra low excitation power source of 0.2 W/mm2. This LRET phenomenon was also extended to NaLuF4:18 mol.%Yb3+,0.5 mol.%Tm3+@Sodium fluorescein (SF) system. In addition, the differ-ential imaging could be achieved by successively incubating plant cells with fluorescent dyes and UCNPs. The fluorescent dyes ag-gregated in cell wall while UCNPs with surface modification distributed both in cell wall and cytoplasm, so that UCNPs@Dyes formed in cell walls which could emit multicolor light by LRET which was different from the emission in cytoplasm with only UCNPs.展开更多
This study aims to demonstrate the validity of fluorescence-based methods,together with flow cytometry,as a complementary tool to conventional physicochemical analyses carried out in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs)...This study aims to demonstrate the validity of fluorescence-based methods,together with flow cytometry,as a complementary tool to conventional physicochemical analyses carried out in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),for the control of the currently largely unknown activated sludge process.Staining with SYTO 9,propidium iodide and 5-(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-difluorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(carboxy-H2 DFFDA)was used for cell viability and oxidative stress monitoring of the bacterial population forming the activated sludge of a WWTP.Throughout the period of research,several unstable periods were detected,where the non-viable bacteria exceeded the 75%of the total bacterial population in the activated sludge,but only in one case the cells with oxidative stress grew to 9%,exceeding the typical values of2%-5%of this plant.These periods coincided in two cases with high values of total suspended solids(SST)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)in the effluent,and with an excess of ammonia in other case.A correlation between flow cytometric and physicochemical data was found,which enabled to clarify the possible origin of each case of instability in the biological system.This experience supports the application of bacterial fluorescence staining,together with flow cytometric analysis,as a simple,rapid and reliable tool for the control and better understanding of the bacteria dynamics in a biological wastewater treatment process.展开更多
Novel 5,6,5,6-tetracyclic pyrazine/pyrrole-fused unsymmetric bis(BF2) fluorescent dyes(BOPYPYs) were obtained by reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde with 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)hydrazine in the presence of Et3 N-BF3·Et...Novel 5,6,5,6-tetracyclic pyrazine/pyrrole-fused unsymmetric bis(BF2) fluorescent dyes(BOPYPYs) were obtained by reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde with 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)hydrazine in the presence of Et3 N-BF3·Et2 O for the first time.The absorption maxima of pyrazine-fused BOPYPY are obviously bathochromic shifts,in contrast to those of the reported BOPPY,indicating that the discrepant substitute groups between pyridine and pyrazine result in the remarkable wavelength difference.The new series of BO PYPYs possess high molar extinction coefficients,high fluorescence quantum yields,and larger Stokes shifts.A Knoevenagel reaction of BOPYPY with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde smoothly produced the dye with the extension of π-conjugation.Dimethylamino-containing BOPYPY as a pH-responsive fluorescent sensor could detect pH value.展开更多
When rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dyes are used to track target molecules they always perturb the behavior of target molecules because of steric hindrance effect. In order to minimize potential steric problems, a...When rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dyes are used to track target molecules they always perturb the behavior of target molecules because of steric hindrance effect. In order to minimize potential steric problems, a kind of rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dye with spacer linker arm was designed and synthesized and its application in immunofluorescence histochemistry was investigated.展开更多
A new near-infrared fluorescent dye, 9-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamino-6-carbethoxy-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one 1, was prepared from the reaction of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-4-nitrosoaniline hydrochloride and ethy...A new near-infrared fluorescent dye, 9-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamino-6-carbethoxy-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one 1, was prepared from the reaction of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-4-nitrosoaniline hydrochloride and ethyl 1,3-dihydroxynaphthoate. Five more fluorescent compounds were synthesized by the reaction of the resulting dye 1 with appropriate amino acid or carboxylic acids.展开更多
Mono- and bis-dialkylaminophenylbuta-l,3-dienyl boron-dipyrromethenes （BODIPYs） 1-12 were synthesized in 36%-42% yields by a Knoevenagel-type condensation. The absorption and emission maxima （λabs = 614-739 rim; ,...Mono- and bis-dialkylaminophenylbuta-l,3-dienyl boron-dipyrromethenes （BODIPYs） 1-12 were synthesized in 36%-42% yields by a Knoevenagel-type condensation. The absorption and emission maxima （λabs = 614-739 rim; ,λem = 655-776 nm in CHCI3） of 1-12 covered from the visible to the near- infrared region. Probe I was ratiometric Vis pH probes. Such probe was almost non-fluorescent. Upon the protonation of the tertiary amine function of 1, the strong fluorescence （φf =0.97） was released and the florescence intensity was dramatically increased by one thousand folds. The sharp isosbestic points were discovered at 590 nm, which was a ratiometric pH probe.展开更多
Five organic fluorescence dyes were synthesized by two- or three-step reactions. These synthetic methods have an advantage of the simple processes, low costs and high yields. The compositions of the five compounds a...Five organic fluorescence dyes were synthesized by two- or three-step reactions. These synthetic methods have an advantage of the simple processes, low costs and high yields. The compositions of the five compounds are characterized by IR, 1H NMR, elemental analyses and fluorescence spectroscopies. The quantum yields of fluorescence were measured.展开更多
Chromaticity characteristics of several fluorescent dyes in cloth were studied in terms of chromaticity diagram. The dominant wavelength and color purity of the samples were calculated and chromaticity diagrams were d...Chromaticity characteristics of several fluorescent dyes in cloth were studied in terms of chromaticity diagram. The dominant wavelength and color purity of the samples were calculated and chromaticity diagrams were drawn to provide countermeasures with which the perceptual color attributes such as hue and saturation are correlated.展开更多
Prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA)is known to be overexpressed in prostate cancer(PCa).The development of precise and rapid imaging technologies to monitor PSMA is crucial for early diagnosis and therapy.Fluores...Prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA)is known to be overexpressed in prostate cancer(PCa).The development of precise and rapid imaging technologies to monitor PSMA is crucial for early diagnosis and therapy.Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II)has emerged as a powerful tool for real-time tracking and in vivo visualization,offering high sensitivity and resolu-tion.However,there is a lack of stable,bright and easy-to-implement NIR-II fluorescent probes for PSMA targeting.Herein,we presented a PSMA-targeting NIR-II fluorescent probe FC-PSMA based onπ-conjugated crossbreeding dyed strategy that affords high stability,large extinction coefficient,and good bright-ness.As demonstrated,FC-PSMA displayed a high fluorescence quantum yield in fetal bovine serum(FBS).Following intravenous injection of FC-PSMA,the tumor-to-normal ratio of fluorescence intensity steadily increased over time,reaching a peak at 48 h(tumor-to-leg ratio=12.16±0.90).This advancement enables precise identification of PC through NIR-II fluorescence imaging,facili-tating high-performance guidance for prostate cancer resection surgery.展开更多
Developing multifunctional spiropyran dyes is of particular importance in diverse applications.In the present study,we synthesized two 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-conjugated spiropyrans(BT-SP-NO2and BTSP-NMe2)with distinct...Developing multifunctional spiropyran dyes is of particular importance in diverse applications.In the present study,we synthesized two 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-conjugated spiropyrans(BT-SP-NO2and BTSP-NMe2)with distinct substituents.These donor-acceptor-structured spiropyrans exhibited typical twisted intramolecular charge transfer features and strong emissions in low-polarity solvents with fluorescence quantum yields(QYs)of up to 90.7%.Like traditional spiropyrans,the electron-acceptor-substituted BT-SP-NO2exhibited excellent photochromic behavior under multiple alternating UV—Vis irradiation,while the electron-donor-substituted BT-SP-NMe2was an acidochromic dye.In addition,the substituent groups distinctly affected the packing modes of these spiropyrans in the solid state.BTSP-NMe2showed a much stronger solid-state emission(QY of 59.0%)than BT-SP-NO2.Moreover,these two dyes were utilized as biocompatible probes for the specific light-up imaging of lipid droplets.展开更多
The xylem undergoes physiological changes in response to various environmental conditions during the process of plant growth.To understand these physiological changes,it is extremely important to observe the transport...The xylem undergoes physiological changes in response to various environmental conditions during the process of plant growth.To understand these physiological changes,it is extremely important to observe the transport of xylem.In this study,the distribution and structure of vascular bundle in Lilium lancifolium were observed using the method of semithin section.Methods for introducing a fluorescent tracer into the xylem of the stems were evaluated.Then,the transport rule of 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate(CFDA)in the xylem of the stem of L.lancifolium was studied by fluorescence dye in live cells tracer technology.The results showed that the vascular bundles of L.lancifolium were scattered in the basic tissue,the peripheral vascular bundles were smaller and densely distributed,and the closer to the center,the larger the volume of vascular bundles and the more sparsely distributed.The vascular bundles of L.lancifolium are limited external tenacity vascular bundles,which are composed of phloem and xylem.The most suitable method for CFDA labeling the xylem of isolated stem segments of L.lancifolium was solution soaking for 24 h.The running speed of CF in the isolated stem was 0.3 cm/h,which was consistent with the running speed of the material in the field.CF could be transported between the xylem and parenchyma cells,indicating that the material transport in the xylem could be through the symplastic pathway.The above results laid a foundation for the study of the xylem transport mechanism and the xylem pathogen disease of lily.展开更多
Despite the individual merits of photodynamic or photothermal therapy(PTT)for clinical cancer treatment,the inherent shortcomings of single-modal therapy significantly hinder therapeutic outcomes in tumors.Therefore,i...Despite the individual merits of photodynamic or photothermal therapy(PTT)for clinical cancer treatment,the inherent shortcomings of single-modal therapy significantly hinder therapeutic outcomes in tumors.Therefore,integrating multimodal therapeutic functions into a smart dye can address the drawbacks of single-modal therapy,albeit with significant challenges.By employing an electron-acceptor engineering strategy to regulate the excitation dynamics processes of dyes,we designed a series of near-infrared(NIR)dyes(Hcy-OO,Hcy-ON,and Hcy-NN).Among these dyes,Hcy-ON demonstrated the best photodynamic/mild-photothermal performances by optimizing the energy release pathway of the excited state of dyes,which is attributed to the synergistic effects of the lowest difference in gap between S1 and T_(1) energy levels of 0.678 eV,a large spin-orbit coupling matrix element value of 0.725 cm^(−1),a high root mean squared displacement value of 1.662Å,and a Huang-Rhys factor of>70.Importantly,upon irradiation at 760 nm,through mild-photothermal therapy(MPTT)in synergy with the photodynamic therapy,Hcy-ON successfully ablated tumors in the mouse model with a single treatment under a safe light dose of 300 mW/cm_(2).Overall,we hope that this work will provide practical guidance to enhance the phototherapeutic performance of NIR dyes for clinical multimodal treatment of tumors.展开更多
Dyes endowed with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties represent a very significant class of chromophores.Nonetheless,current AIE dyes have yet to possess a readily tunable fluorescence switching mechanism.Here...Dyes endowed with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties represent a very significant class of chromophores.Nonetheless,current AIE dyes have yet to possess a readily tunable fluorescence switching mechanism.Here,we delineate a structurally distinctive family of dyes,termed XD dyes,which exhibit AIE attributes.Notably,the novel XD dyes feature an intrinsic helical cyclization as a tunable fluorescence switch,conferring them with an advantage over conventional AIE fluorophores.Initially,the fluorescence of the XD dyes in water-tetrahydrofuran mixtures was investigated through spectral analysis as the volume of the aqueous component increased.Subsequently,particle size analysis,in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),was employed to substantiate the aggregation propensity of the XD dyes.Of particular significance,XD-4 was observed for the first time to exhibit pronounced solid-state fluorescence,thereby corroborating the XD dyes'capacity for robust fluorescence emission in the aggregated state.Moreover,alterations in optical properties and aggregation behavior of the XD dyes were elucidated theoretically through quantum chemical computations and molecular dynamics simulations.Critically,the calculated reorganization energy of XD-4 was reduced in an aqueous medium was reduced compared to the gas phase,providing further confirmation of its AIE nature.The unique AIE characteristics of the XD dyes were validated through the integration of experimental data and theoretical insights,offering novel perspectives for the advancement of highperformance fluorescent dyes and probes.展开更多
INTRODUCTIONDevelopment of drug-resistance to chemotherapyand subsequent metastasis of tumor are primarilyresponsible for treatment failure and the death fromcancer. There have been many previous studies onthe relatio...INTRODUCTIONDevelopment of drug-resistance to chemotherapyand subsequent metastasis of tumor are primarilyresponsible for treatment failure and the death fromcancer. There have been many previous studies onthe relationship between expression of multidrugresistance (MDR) phenotype P-glycoprotein (P-gp)and the malignant properties of tumors, but theresults are often conflicting[1-8]. The difference intumor types or MDR phenotype induced by specificagents might account for this discrepancy. Taxotere(TXT), a member of the family of taxanes, hasantitumor activity through its effect of promotingthe polymerization of tubulin[9,10].展开更多
Two fluorescent indocyanine dyes containing at least one p-carboxybenzyl group on the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic rings were designed and synthesized. Their absorption maxima were 549 nm and 551 nm in water re...Two fluorescent indocyanine dyes containing at least one p-carboxybenzyl group on the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic rings were designed and synthesized. Their absorption maxima were 549 nm and 551 nm in water respectively. They had good water solubility and photostability.展开更多
Organic optoelectronic integrated devices（OIDs） with ultraviolet（UV） photodetectivity and different color emitting were constructed by using a thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） material 4, 5-bis（ca...Organic optoelectronic integrated devices（OIDs） with ultraviolet（UV） photodetectivity and different color emitting were constructed by using a thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） material 4, 5-bis（carbazol-9-yl）-1, 2-dicyanobenzene（2 CzPN） as host. The OIDs doping with typical red phosphorescent dye [tris（1-phenylisoquinoline）iridium（Ⅲ）, Ir（piq）3], orange phosphorescent dye {bis[2-（4-tertbutylphenyl）benzothiazolato-N,C-（2＇）]iridium（acetylacetonate）,（tbt）2 Ir（acac）}, and blue phosphorescent dye [bis（2, 4-di-fluorophenylpyridinato）-tetrakis（1-pyrazolyl）borate iridium（Ⅲ）, FIr6] were investigated and compared. The（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped orange device showed better performance than those of red and blue devices, which was ascribed to more effective energy transfer. Meanwhile, at a low dopant concentration of 3 wt.%, the（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped OIDs showed the maximum luminance, current efficiency, power efficiency of 70786 cd/m^2, 39.55 cd/A, and 23.92 lm/W, respectively, and a decent detectivity of 1.07 × 10^11 Jones at a bias of -2 V under the UV-350 nm illumination. This work may arouse widespread interest in constructing high efficiency and luminance OIDs based on doping phosphorescent dye.展开更多
Enzyme,produced and worked in all living things,could work as macromolecular biological catalysts in diverse biochemical processes with particular specificity,like glucose oxidase(GOX).The efficient use of enzyme prop...Enzyme,produced and worked in all living things,could work as macromolecular biological catalysts in diverse biochemical processes with particular specificity,like glucose oxidase(GOX).The efficient use of enzyme properties has great importance in pharmaceutics and therapeutics.In this work,we could fabricate naive and effective electrochemical biosensors in the determination of glucose levels via utilizing GOX.Graphene oxide,as a water-soluble derivative of graphene,has shown great promise in a variety of biomedical applications including biosensors.Thus,we established a new-type special platform for GOX immobilization to perform its prosperities,in which nanographene oxide(nGO)was employed as an ideal base and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)was conjugated on the edge of nGO sheets to enhance its biocompatibility.Additionally,preferable functional dyes(Rhodamine B/fluorescein isothiocyanate)were also introduced to the platform.Enzyme-nanocomposites were then provided by locating GOX on the platform,i.e.,GOX@nGO-PEG-RhB and GOX@nGO-PEG-FITC.The microstructure and composite of platforms and enzyme-nanocomposites were confirmed by diverse characterizations.Finally,on account of corresponding cyclic voltammetric and typical ready-state amperometric curves,it was informed that GOX@nGO-PEG-RhB and GOX@nGO-PEG-FITC could effectively respond to the fluctuation of glucose level as electrochemical biosensor.The present work presents special platforms for the immobilization of enzymes like GOX and provides new-type biosensors in the detection of glucose levels.展开更多
基金supported by the National Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.22325401)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22404049)the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2024M750866)。
文摘Organic small molecule fluorophores have been widely used in biology and biochemistry to study cellular structures and processes at high spatial and temporal resolution.Small-molecule dyes offer various benefits,such as high photostability,low molecular weight,and great biocompatibility.However,the poor brightness of most of conventional dyes in biological environments limits their use in high-quality superresolution fluorescence imaging.Chemists have conceived and developed many methods to enhance the brightness of fluorophores,including structural alterations that raise extinction coefficients and quantum yields.This review outlines current attempts and substantial advances achieved by chemists to improve the brightness of organic small-molecule fluorescent dyes,such as scaffold rigidification and twisted intramolecular charge transfer(TICT)inhibition.We think that this review will help researchers understand the chemical mechanisms involved in increasing the brightness of fluorophores for biological applications.
基金the Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teamin University(No.IRT0526)Shanghai Municipal Natural Science Foundation (No.06ZR14001)
文摘Much attention is devoted to fluorescent dyes especially those with potential in versatile applications.Reactions under "click" conditions between nonfluorescent 3-azidocoumarins and terminal alkynes produced 3-(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)coumarins,a novel type of fluorescent dyes with intense fluorescence.The structures of the new coumarins were characterized by 1H NMR,MS,and IR spectra.Fluorescence spectra measurement demonstrated excellent fluorescence performance of the triazolylcoumarins and this click reaction is a promising candidate for bioconjugation and bioimaging applications since both azide and alkynes are quite inert to biological systems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22067021,22367024,and 22267023)Innovation Team of Yunnan Education Department+1 种基金the“Youth Talent of Wan Ren Project”the Sichuan Science and Technology Program(No.2022YFS0633)。
文摘The fluorophores Xan-OH and Xan-OH/FBS,based on xanthene structure,possess an effective nearinfrared absorption,near-infraredⅡ(NIR-Ⅱ)fluorescent imaging ability,and excellent photothermal property.Xan-OH/FBS also has good viscosity-sensitivity,enabling the real-time in vivo visualization of acute liver injury induced by CCl_(4).Moreover,the photothermal conversion coefficient of Xan-OH and Xan-OH/FBS under 808 nm laser irradiation are significant(27.53%and 26.77%,respectively),which could realize NIR-Ⅱfluorescence imaging-guided photothermal therapy for He La xenograft tumor.Given these promising characteristics,Xan-OH/FBS is an efficient NIR-Ⅱfluorescent imaging agent for acute liver injury and a potential photothermal therapeutic agent for tumor.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(21301058,61376076,61377024)the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(14B060)Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(13JJ4048)
文摘Upconversion NaLuF4 nanoparticles were synthesized by the solvothermal method which could emit multicolor visible light under the excitation of 980 nm near-infrared (NIR) photons. These upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) with an acidic ligand could rapidly capture the basic rhodamine-B (RB) in plant cells to generate a close UCNPs@RB system. RB could efficiently absorb the green fluorescence from NaLuF4:18 mol.%Yb3+,2 mol.%Er3+ UCNPs and then emitted red light in the UCNPs@RB system by a robust luminescence resonance energy transfer (LRET) from UCNPs to RB. The detection limit of RB with these upconversion fluo-rescent nanoprobes could reach 0.25μg/cm3 in plant cell even under an ultra low excitation power source of 0.2 W/mm2. This LRET phenomenon was also extended to NaLuF4:18 mol.%Yb3+,0.5 mol.%Tm3+@Sodium fluorescein (SF) system. In addition, the differ-ential imaging could be achieved by successively incubating plant cells with fluorescent dyes and UCNPs. The fluorescent dyes ag-gregated in cell wall while UCNPs with surface modification distributed both in cell wall and cytoplasm, so that UCNPs@Dyes formed in cell walls which could emit multicolor light by LRET which was different from the emission in cytoplasm with only UCNPs.
基金supported by the Bilbao Bizkaia Water Consortium
文摘This study aims to demonstrate the validity of fluorescence-based methods,together with flow cytometry,as a complementary tool to conventional physicochemical analyses carried out in wastewater treatment plants(WWTPs),for the control of the currently largely unknown activated sludge process.Staining with SYTO 9,propidium iodide and 5-(and 6)-carboxy-2’,7’-difluorodihydrofluorescein diacetate(carboxy-H2 DFFDA)was used for cell viability and oxidative stress monitoring of the bacterial population forming the activated sludge of a WWTP.Throughout the period of research,several unstable periods were detected,where the non-viable bacteria exceeded the 75%of the total bacterial population in the activated sludge,but only in one case the cells with oxidative stress grew to 9%,exceeding the typical values of2%-5%of this plant.These periods coincided in two cases with high values of total suspended solids(SST)and chemical oxygen demand(COD)in the effluent,and with an excess of ammonia in other case.A correlation between flow cytometric and physicochemical data was found,which enabled to clarify the possible origin of each case of instability in the biological system.This experience supports the application of bacterial fluorescence staining,together with flow cytometric analysis,as a simple,rapid and reliable tool for the control and better understanding of the bacteria dynamics in a biological wastewater treatment process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.21542004)Young and Middle-aged Scientific and Technological Innovation Talents of Shenyang Science and Technology Bureau (No.RC170140)+4 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (No.20170540721)Basic research on the application of Industrial Development of Shenyang Science and Technology Bureau (No.18013027)Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Programthe Distinguished Professor Project of Liaoning province (No.20183532)the Chinese Scholarship Council (No.20183058) for financial support
文摘Novel 5,6,5,6-tetracyclic pyrazine/pyrrole-fused unsymmetric bis(BF2) fluorescent dyes(BOPYPYs) were obtained by reaction of pyrrole-2-carboxaldehyde with 1-(pyrazin-2-yl)hydrazine in the presence of Et3 N-BF3·Et2 O for the first time.The absorption maxima of pyrazine-fused BOPYPY are obviously bathochromic shifts,in contrast to those of the reported BOPPY,indicating that the discrepant substitute groups between pyridine and pyrazine result in the remarkable wavelength difference.The new series of BO PYPYs possess high molar extinction coefficients,high fluorescence quantum yields,and larger Stokes shifts.A Knoevenagel reaction of BOPYPY with 4-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde smoothly produced the dye with the extension of π-conjugation.Dimethylamino-containing BOPYPY as a pH-responsive fluorescent sensor could detect pH value.
文摘When rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dyes are used to track target molecules they always perturb the behavior of target molecules because of steric hindrance effect. In order to minimize potential steric problems, a kind of rhodamine-based fluorescent probe dye with spacer linker arm was designed and synthesized and its application in immunofluorescence histochemistry was investigated.
文摘A new near-infrared fluorescent dye, 9-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylamino-6-carbethoxy-5H-benzo[a]phenoxazin-5-one 1, was prepared from the reaction of N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methyl-4-nitrosoaniline hydrochloride and ethyl 1,3-dihydroxynaphthoate. Five more fluorescent compounds were synthesized by the reaction of the resulting dye 1 with appropriate amino acid or carboxylic acids.
基金supported by NNSFC (No. 21372063)Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No. PCS IRT1126)+1 种基金the Foundation of the Education Department of Henan Province for Science and Technology Research Projects (No. 13A150046)the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry
文摘Mono- and bis-dialkylaminophenylbuta-l,3-dienyl boron-dipyrromethenes （BODIPYs） 1-12 were synthesized in 36%-42% yields by a Knoevenagel-type condensation. The absorption and emission maxima （λabs = 614-739 rim; ,λem = 655-776 nm in CHCI3） of 1-12 covered from the visible to the near- infrared region. Probe I was ratiometric Vis pH probes. Such probe was almost non-fluorescent. Upon the protonation of the tertiary amine function of 1, the strong fluorescence （φf =0.97） was released and the florescence intensity was dramatically increased by one thousand folds. The sharp isosbestic points were discovered at 590 nm, which was a ratiometric pH probe.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.2 0 2 75 0 2 2 ) and the Natural Science Foundation ofShanxi Provinc
文摘Five organic fluorescence dyes were synthesized by two- or three-step reactions. These synthetic methods have an advantage of the simple processes, low costs and high yields. The compositions of the five compounds are characterized by IR, 1H NMR, elemental analyses and fluorescence spectroscopies. The quantum yields of fluorescence were measured.
文摘Chromaticity characteristics of several fluorescent dyes in cloth were studied in terms of chromaticity diagram. The dominant wavelength and color purity of the samples were calculated and chromaticity diagrams were drawn to provide countermeasures with which the perceptual color attributes such as hue and saturation are correlated.
基金supported by NSFC/China(22225805,21878087,22378122,32394001,and 32121005)National Key Research and Development Program(2021YFA0910000),Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan(No.23J21901600)+4 种基金Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,Shanghai Frontier Science Research Base of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism(Shanghai Municipal Education Commission,grant 2021 Sci&Tech 03-28)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(Grant 2018SHZDZX03)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Rising-Star Program(22QC1400400)Programme of Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(B16017)Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(23ZR1416600).
文摘Prostate-specific membrane antigen(PSMA)is known to be overexpressed in prostate cancer(PCa).The development of precise and rapid imaging technologies to monitor PSMA is crucial for early diagnosis and therapy.Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window(NIR-II)has emerged as a powerful tool for real-time tracking and in vivo visualization,offering high sensitivity and resolu-tion.However,there is a lack of stable,bright and easy-to-implement NIR-II fluorescent probes for PSMA targeting.Herein,we presented a PSMA-targeting NIR-II fluorescent probe FC-PSMA based onπ-conjugated crossbreeding dyed strategy that affords high stability,large extinction coefficient,and good bright-ness.As demonstrated,FC-PSMA displayed a high fluorescence quantum yield in fetal bovine serum(FBS).Following intravenous injection of FC-PSMA,the tumor-to-normal ratio of fluorescence intensity steadily increased over time,reaching a peak at 48 h(tumor-to-leg ratio=12.16±0.90).This advancement enables precise identification of PC through NIR-II fluorescence imaging,facili-tating high-performance guidance for prostate cancer resection surgery.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62105184)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China(2022HWYQ-007 and ZR2021QB043)the Special Fund of Taishan Scholars Project of Shandong Province,China(tsqn201909012)。
文摘Developing multifunctional spiropyran dyes is of particular importance in diverse applications.In the present study,we synthesized two 2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-conjugated spiropyrans(BT-SP-NO2and BTSP-NMe2)with distinct substituents.These donor-acceptor-structured spiropyrans exhibited typical twisted intramolecular charge transfer features and strong emissions in low-polarity solvents with fluorescence quantum yields(QYs)of up to 90.7%.Like traditional spiropyrans,the electron-acceptor-substituted BT-SP-NO2exhibited excellent photochromic behavior under multiple alternating UV—Vis irradiation,while the electron-donor-substituted BT-SP-NMe2was an acidochromic dye.In addition,the substituent groups distinctly affected the packing modes of these spiropyrans in the solid state.BTSP-NMe2showed a much stronger solid-state emission(QY of 59.0%)than BT-SP-NO2.Moreover,these two dyes were utilized as biocompatible probes for the specific light-up imaging of lipid droplets.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31902043,32172612).
文摘The xylem undergoes physiological changes in response to various environmental conditions during the process of plant growth.To understand these physiological changes,it is extremely important to observe the transport of xylem.In this study,the distribution and structure of vascular bundle in Lilium lancifolium were observed using the method of semithin section.Methods for introducing a fluorescent tracer into the xylem of the stems were evaluated.Then,the transport rule of 5(6)-Carboxyfluorescein diacetate(CFDA)in the xylem of the stem of L.lancifolium was studied by fluorescence dye in live cells tracer technology.The results showed that the vascular bundles of L.lancifolium were scattered in the basic tissue,the peripheral vascular bundles were smaller and densely distributed,and the closer to the center,the larger the volume of vascular bundles and the more sparsely distributed.The vascular bundles of L.lancifolium are limited external tenacity vascular bundles,which are composed of phloem and xylem.The most suitable method for CFDA labeling the xylem of isolated stem segments of L.lancifolium was solution soaking for 24 h.The running speed of CF in the isolated stem was 0.3 cm/h,which was consistent with the running speed of the material in the field.CF could be transported between the xylem and parenchyma cells,indicating that the material transport in the xylem could be through the symplastic pathway.The above results laid a foundation for the study of the xylem transport mechanism and the xylem pathogen disease of lily.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(grant no.2023YFB3810300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(grant nos.22078050,22278061,22378050,22378051,and 22090011)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Plan Project of Liaoning Province(grant no.2023JH2/101700296)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(grant nos.DUT24ZD117 and DUT24LAB105)the Open Research Fund from the State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics of Hunan University(grant no.20240604)the Nano&Material Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by Ministry of Science and ICT(grant no.RS-2024-00407093)the NRF for the grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(grant no.2022R1A2C3005420).
文摘Despite the individual merits of photodynamic or photothermal therapy(PTT)for clinical cancer treatment,the inherent shortcomings of single-modal therapy significantly hinder therapeutic outcomes in tumors.Therefore,integrating multimodal therapeutic functions into a smart dye can address the drawbacks of single-modal therapy,albeit with significant challenges.By employing an electron-acceptor engineering strategy to regulate the excitation dynamics processes of dyes,we designed a series of near-infrared(NIR)dyes(Hcy-OO,Hcy-ON,and Hcy-NN).Among these dyes,Hcy-ON demonstrated the best photodynamic/mild-photothermal performances by optimizing the energy release pathway of the excited state of dyes,which is attributed to the synergistic effects of the lowest difference in gap between S1 and T_(1) energy levels of 0.678 eV,a large spin-orbit coupling matrix element value of 0.725 cm^(−1),a high root mean squared displacement value of 1.662Å,and a Huang-Rhys factor of>70.Importantly,upon irradiation at 760 nm,through mild-photothermal therapy(MPTT)in synergy with the photodynamic therapy,Hcy-ON successfully ablated tumors in the mouse model with a single treatment under a safe light dose of 300 mW/cm_(2).Overall,we hope that this work will provide practical guidance to enhance the phototherapeutic performance of NIR dyes for clinical multimodal treatment of tumors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22277014,22077048)the Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(AD21220061,2021GXNSFDA075003)+2 种基金the Startup Fund of Guangxi University(A3040051003)the financial support from the National Research Foundation of Republic of Korea(CRI Project No.2018R1A3B1052702,J.S.K)the University of Bath and the Open Research Fund of the School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Henan Normal University(2020ZD01)for support。
文摘Dyes endowed with aggregation-induced emission(AIE)properties represent a very significant class of chromophores.Nonetheless,current AIE dyes have yet to possess a readily tunable fluorescence switching mechanism.Here,we delineate a structurally distinctive family of dyes,termed XD dyes,which exhibit AIE attributes.Notably,the novel XD dyes feature an intrinsic helical cyclization as a tunable fluorescence switch,conferring them with an advantage over conventional AIE fluorophores.Initially,the fluorescence of the XD dyes in water-tetrahydrofuran mixtures was investigated through spectral analysis as the volume of the aqueous component increased.Subsequently,particle size analysis,in conjunction with scanning electron microscopy(SEM),was employed to substantiate the aggregation propensity of the XD dyes.Of particular significance,XD-4 was observed for the first time to exhibit pronounced solid-state fluorescence,thereby corroborating the XD dyes'capacity for robust fluorescence emission in the aggregated state.Moreover,alterations in optical properties and aggregation behavior of the XD dyes were elucidated theoretically through quantum chemical computations and molecular dynamics simulations.Critically,the calculated reorganization energy of XD-4 was reduced in an aqueous medium was reduced compared to the gas phase,providing further confirmation of its AIE nature.The unique AIE characteristics of the XD dyes were validated through the integration of experimental data and theoretical insights,offering novel perspectives for the advancement of highperformance fluorescent dyes and probes.
基金Supported in part by phone-Poulenc Rorer Pharmaceuticals INC
文摘INTRODUCTIONDevelopment of drug-resistance to chemotherapyand subsequent metastasis of tumor are primarilyresponsible for treatment failure and the death fromcancer. There have been many previous studies onthe relationship between expression of multidrugresistance (MDR) phenotype P-glycoprotein (P-gp)and the malignant properties of tumors, but theresults are often conflicting[1-8]. The difference intumor types or MDR phenotype induced by specificagents might account for this discrepancy. Taxotere(TXT), a member of the family of taxanes, hasantitumor activity through its effect of promotingthe polymerization of tubulin[9,10].
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China and The Ministry of Education of China for providing financial support for this project.
文摘Two fluorescent indocyanine dyes containing at least one p-carboxybenzyl group on the nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic rings were designed and synthesized. Their absorption maxima were 549 nm and 551 nm in water respectively. They had good water solubility and photostability.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61675041)the National Science Funds for Creative Research Groups of China(Grant No.61421002)
文摘Organic optoelectronic integrated devices（OIDs） with ultraviolet（UV） photodetectivity and different color emitting were constructed by using a thermally activated delayed fluorescence（TADF） material 4, 5-bis（carbazol-9-yl）-1, 2-dicyanobenzene（2 CzPN） as host. The OIDs doping with typical red phosphorescent dye [tris（1-phenylisoquinoline）iridium（Ⅲ）, Ir（piq）3], orange phosphorescent dye {bis[2-（4-tertbutylphenyl）benzothiazolato-N,C-（2＇）]iridium（acetylacetonate）,（tbt）2 Ir（acac）}, and blue phosphorescent dye [bis（2, 4-di-fluorophenylpyridinato）-tetrakis（1-pyrazolyl）borate iridium（Ⅲ）, FIr6] were investigated and compared. The（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped orange device showed better performance than those of red and blue devices, which was ascribed to more effective energy transfer. Meanwhile, at a low dopant concentration of 3 wt.%, the（tbt）2 Ir（acac）-doped OIDs showed the maximum luminance, current efficiency, power efficiency of 70786 cd/m^2, 39.55 cd/A, and 23.92 lm/W, respectively, and a decent detectivity of 1.07 × 10^11 Jones at a bias of -2 V under the UV-350 nm illumination. This work may arouse widespread interest in constructing high efficiency and luminance OIDs based on doping phosphorescent dye.
基金The authors thank the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272283&52103094)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Nos.20ZR1452200&22S31902900)+1 种基金Program for Outstanding Medical Academic Leader(No.2019LJ27)Shanghai Medical Key Specialty(No.ZK2019B12).
文摘Enzyme,produced and worked in all living things,could work as macromolecular biological catalysts in diverse biochemical processes with particular specificity,like glucose oxidase(GOX).The efficient use of enzyme properties has great importance in pharmaceutics and therapeutics.In this work,we could fabricate naive and effective electrochemical biosensors in the determination of glucose levels via utilizing GOX.Graphene oxide,as a water-soluble derivative of graphene,has shown great promise in a variety of biomedical applications including biosensors.Thus,we established a new-type special platform for GOX immobilization to perform its prosperities,in which nanographene oxide(nGO)was employed as an ideal base and poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG)was conjugated on the edge of nGO sheets to enhance its biocompatibility.Additionally,preferable functional dyes(Rhodamine B/fluorescein isothiocyanate)were also introduced to the platform.Enzyme-nanocomposites were then provided by locating GOX on the platform,i.e.,GOX@nGO-PEG-RhB and GOX@nGO-PEG-FITC.The microstructure and composite of platforms and enzyme-nanocomposites were confirmed by diverse characterizations.Finally,on account of corresponding cyclic voltammetric and typical ready-state amperometric curves,it was informed that GOX@nGO-PEG-RhB and GOX@nGO-PEG-FITC could effectively respond to the fluctuation of glucose level as electrochemical biosensor.The present work presents special platforms for the immobilization of enzymes like GOX and provides new-type biosensors in the detection of glucose levels.
