To achieve complete poverty alleviation,the improvement of infrastructure and living conditions is fundamental.Promoting the flow of factors through infrastructure investment,thereby reducing the income gap among resi...To achieve complete poverty alleviation,the improvement of infrastructure and living conditions is fundamental.Promoting the flow of factors through infrastructure investment,thereby reducing the income gap among residents,has become an important focus of poverty alleviation.Because of the high amount of investment in transportation infrastructure,greater attention has been paid to the income distribution effect it brings,but few studies have analysed the effect of rural highways on the income gap of farmers.Based on the panel data pertaining to 30 provinces in China from 1993 to 2013,this paper uses a fixed-effect model to test the impact of rural highways supply on the income gap of farmers.The empirical results show that:(1)The effect of Chinese rural highways on the farmers'income gap among provinces is"U-shaped".(2)Chinese national and provincial trunk highways are helpful in narrowing the farmers'income gap among provinces.(3)The level of education,household productive fixed assets investment,level of urbanization,and level of regional economic development have multiple effects on the farmers'income gap among provinces.Then,based on the empirical analysis,the paper analyzes the mechanism of rural highways affecting the income gap of farmers from a theoretical perspective and focuses on the causes of the"U-shaped"relationship between rural highways supply and farmers'income gap.展开更多
Initially intended to prevent water and soil erosion,China's Grain-for-Green Project(GGP)also has had economic impacts on farmers'incorne and employment.Based on the poverty monitoring survey data between 2006...Initially intended to prevent water and soil erosion,China's Grain-for-Green Project(GGP)also has had economic impacts on farmers'incorne and employment.Based on the poverty monitoring survey data between 2006-2010 from National Bureau of Statistics(NBS),this paper evaluates the GGP's policy effects with respect to farmers'income,non-agricultural employment and poverty alleviation.Our findings suggest that contributing to the GGP,farmers'income including GGP subsidies increased significantly compared with the pre-GGP level,"however,if GGP subsidies are not taken into account,the increase in farmers'non-agricultural income after the GGP could only compensate.for the income losses from farmland reduction,showing an insignificant effect.Second,there exist significant differences on employment tendency among GGP households.High-income households tend to engage in operation business in forestry,livestock and fishery activities,while medium-income families are more inclined to seek employment outside,and the differences attribute to the inter-group intrinsic characteristics.Lastly,the GGP's poverty alleviation effect varies with the difference in poverty standard.Overall the GGP's poverty alleviation effect is significant.展开更多
We use relevant economic and labor force data from 1990 to 2009 of Henan Province to analyze the dynamic relation between stock of rural human capital and farmers' income.Results indicate that a certain causal rel...We use relevant economic and labor force data from 1990 to 2009 of Henan Province to analyze the dynamic relation between stock of rural human capital and farmers' income.Results indicate that a certain causal relationship and long-run equilibrium relation exist between rural human capital and farmers' income,but their interaction shows some lagging characteristic.Increase of farmers' income in Henan Province increases the stock of rural human capital in this province for a short term.However,in the long run,this accumulation effect will decline along with renewal and aging of knowledge.The positive promotion action of rural human capital on farmers' income will appear after a long lag time.Therefore,the policy of strengthening rural human capital input should be long-term and continuous.展开更多
Based on the research technology of scholars'prediction of farmers'income and the data of per capita annual net income in rural households in Henan Statistical Yearbook from 1979 to 2009,it is found that time ...Based on the research technology of scholars'prediction of farmers'income and the data of per capita annual net income in rural households in Henan Statistical Yearbook from 1979 to 2009,it is found that time series of farmers'income is in accordance with I(2)non-stationary process.The order-determination and identification of the model are achieved by adopting the correlogram-based analytical method of Box-Jenkins.On the basis of comparing a group of model properties with different parameters,model ARIMA(4,2,2)is built up.The testing result shows that the residual error of the selected model is white noise and accords with the normal distribution,which can be used to predict farmers'income.The model prediction indicates that income in rural households will continue to increase from 2009 to 2012 and will reach the value of 2282.4,2502.9,2686.9 and 2884.5 respectively.The growth speed will go down from fast to slow with weak sustainability.展开更多
According to the relevant data of China Statistical Yearbook and Chinese Rural Statistical Yearbook in the year of 2009,the changes of grey correlation degree of farmers'net income,various items of incomes,nationa...According to the relevant data of China Statistical Yearbook and Chinese Rural Statistical Yearbook in the year of 2009,the changes of grey correlation degree of farmers'net income,various items of incomes,national gross agriculture-supporting expenditure and various items of expenditures,farmers'net income and various items of fiscal agriculture-supporting expenditure in the Eighth Five-Year Plan,Ninth Five-Year Plan and Tenth Five-Year Plan by using grey correlation degree and the by choosing seven indicators covering income from wage and salary,income from household business,transfer income and property income,agricultural production-supporting expenditure,agricultural basic construction expenditure,expenses of three items of agricultural technology and the fee of rural relief.The results show that the grey correlation degree of each time period and household net income shows the downward trend;from overall perspective,the grey correlation degree of national gross agriculture-supporting expenditure,agricultural basic construction expenditure and agricultural production-supporting expenditure shows the descending trend;the grey correlation degree of fiscal agricultural supporting expenditure and the expenditure of three items of agricultural technology and fee of rural relief show the upward trend;the influence of agricultural production-supporting expenditure on farmers'income shows downward trend;the influence of agricultural basic construction on farmers'income shows upward trend;the fee of rural relief play an active role in the promoting the farmers'income increase;the role played by fee of rural relief in promoting farmers'income increase should be further increased;the increase of farmers'income shows great reliance on agricultural science and technology.In the end,the relevant suggestions on establishing stable increase mechanism of fiscal agricultural support and insisting on the dynamic adjustment of the structure of fiscal agricultural supporting capital are put forward.展开更多
基金supports from the Transport Strategic Planning Policy Foundation of the Ministry of Transport of China(2019-4-1)the Humanities and Social Sciences Project Funded by the Ministry of Education of China(20YJC790005)。
文摘To achieve complete poverty alleviation,the improvement of infrastructure and living conditions is fundamental.Promoting the flow of factors through infrastructure investment,thereby reducing the income gap among residents,has become an important focus of poverty alleviation.Because of the high amount of investment in transportation infrastructure,greater attention has been paid to the income distribution effect it brings,but few studies have analysed the effect of rural highways on the income gap of farmers.Based on the panel data pertaining to 30 provinces in China from 1993 to 2013,this paper uses a fixed-effect model to test the impact of rural highways supply on the income gap of farmers.The empirical results show that:(1)The effect of Chinese rural highways on the farmers'income gap among provinces is"U-shaped".(2)Chinese national and provincial trunk highways are helpful in narrowing the farmers'income gap among provinces.(3)The level of education,household productive fixed assets investment,level of urbanization,and level of regional economic development have multiple effects on the farmers'income gap among provinces.Then,based on the empirical analysis,the paper analyzes the mechanism of rural highways affecting the income gap of farmers from a theoretical perspective and focuses on the causes of the"U-shaped"relationship between rural highways supply and farmers'income gap.
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)"Seeking the Most Effective Means to Reduce Household Income Gaps in China"(Grant No.71473257)
文摘Initially intended to prevent water and soil erosion,China's Grain-for-Green Project(GGP)also has had economic impacts on farmers'incorne and employment.Based on the poverty monitoring survey data between 2006-2010 from National Bureau of Statistics(NBS),this paper evaluates the GGP's policy effects with respect to farmers'income,non-agricultural employment and poverty alleviation.Our findings suggest that contributing to the GGP,farmers'income including GGP subsidies increased significantly compared with the pre-GGP level,"however,if GGP subsidies are not taken into account,the increase in farmers'non-agricultural income after the GGP could only compensate.for the income losses from farmland reduction,showing an insignificant effect.Second,there exist significant differences on employment tendency among GGP households.High-income households tend to engage in operation business in forestry,livestock and fishery activities,while medium-income families are more inclined to seek employment outside,and the differences attribute to the inter-group intrinsic characteristics.Lastly,the GGP's poverty alleviation effect varies with the difference in poverty standard.Overall the GGP's poverty alleviation effect is significant.
文摘We use relevant economic and labor force data from 1990 to 2009 of Henan Province to analyze the dynamic relation between stock of rural human capital and farmers' income.Results indicate that a certain causal relationship and long-run equilibrium relation exist between rural human capital and farmers' income,but their interaction shows some lagging characteristic.Increase of farmers' income in Henan Province increases the stock of rural human capital in this province for a short term.However,in the long run,this accumulation effect will decline along with renewal and aging of knowledge.The positive promotion action of rural human capital on farmers' income will appear after a long lag time.Therefore,the policy of strengthening rural human capital input should be long-term and continuous.
基金Supported by the Planned Project of"Studies on Institutional Innovation of Farml and Property Rights in the Core Area of Grain Production"Launched by Philosophy and Social Sciences in Henan Province
文摘Based on the research technology of scholars'prediction of farmers'income and the data of per capita annual net income in rural households in Henan Statistical Yearbook from 1979 to 2009,it is found that time series of farmers'income is in accordance with I(2)non-stationary process.The order-determination and identification of the model are achieved by adopting the correlogram-based analytical method of Box-Jenkins.On the basis of comparing a group of model properties with different parameters,model ARIMA(4,2,2)is built up.The testing result shows that the residual error of the selected model is white noise and accords with the normal distribution,which can be used to predict farmers'income.The model prediction indicates that income in rural households will continue to increase from 2009 to 2012 and will reach the value of 2282.4,2502.9,2686.9 and 2884.5 respectively.The growth speed will go down from fast to slow with weak sustainability.
基金Supported by 2007"Chunhui Project"of Ministry of Education(S2007-1-63005)2009 Key Project of Humanity and Social Science of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(09skm17)
文摘According to the relevant data of China Statistical Yearbook and Chinese Rural Statistical Yearbook in the year of 2009,the changes of grey correlation degree of farmers'net income,various items of incomes,national gross agriculture-supporting expenditure and various items of expenditures,farmers'net income and various items of fiscal agriculture-supporting expenditure in the Eighth Five-Year Plan,Ninth Five-Year Plan and Tenth Five-Year Plan by using grey correlation degree and the by choosing seven indicators covering income from wage and salary,income from household business,transfer income and property income,agricultural production-supporting expenditure,agricultural basic construction expenditure,expenses of three items of agricultural technology and the fee of rural relief.The results show that the grey correlation degree of each time period and household net income shows the downward trend;from overall perspective,the grey correlation degree of national gross agriculture-supporting expenditure,agricultural basic construction expenditure and agricultural production-supporting expenditure shows the descending trend;the grey correlation degree of fiscal agricultural supporting expenditure and the expenditure of three items of agricultural technology and fee of rural relief show the upward trend;the influence of agricultural production-supporting expenditure on farmers'income shows downward trend;the influence of agricultural basic construction on farmers'income shows upward trend;the fee of rural relief play an active role in the promoting the farmers'income increase;the role played by fee of rural relief in promoting farmers'income increase should be further increased;the increase of farmers'income shows great reliance on agricultural science and technology.In the end,the relevant suggestions on establishing stable increase mechanism of fiscal agricultural support and insisting on the dynamic adjustment of the structure of fiscal agricultural supporting capital are put forward.
