Falcon作为一种后量子数字签名算法,被选为美国国家标准与技术研究院(National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)首批标准化方案之一. Falcon的核心算法在实际实现中很容易出错,引发可能的密码学误用问题.对Falcon核心函...Falcon作为一种后量子数字签名算法,被选为美国国家标准与技术研究院(National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)首批标准化方案之一. Falcon的核心算法在实际实现中很容易出错,引发可能的密码学误用问题.对Falcon核心函数进行形式化验证,以确保其正确性是非常重要的.在过去10年中,计算机辅助密码学领域将形式化方法引入了密码学工程.这使得高性能密码实现具有了强有力的函数正确性和特定实现安全性属性的形式化保证.贡献包括:(1)构建了完整的证明框架,通过形式化验证方法,成功弥合了Falcon的实际代码实现与数学描述之间的差距;(2)在EasyCrypt证明体系中验证了Falcon中的Montgomery模乘、NTT算法、FFT算法的正确性,并对整数高斯采样算法的正确性证明方法进行了探索;(3)给出及优化了基于Jasmin混合编程的Falcon签名与验证实现.展开更多
1 If astronauts want to stay on the Moon for more than a few days,they must find local resources,and water is one of the most crucial ones.Scientists believe there's water on the Moon,but they're unsure of whe...1 If astronauts want to stay on the Moon for more than a few days,they must find local resources,and water is one of the most crucial ones.Scientists believe there's water on the Moon,but they're unsure of where it lies.2 Two probes are on their way to the Moon to solve this mystery.They will be launched on the same SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral.If everything goes as planned,the first probe to reach the Moon will be Athena.Timothy Crain,the chief technology officer of Intuitive Machines,says it will take about 3 to 4 days,depending on the launch time.They'll orbit the Moon for 2 to 3 days to wait for the Sun to reach the landing site,because the lander's solar panels need sunlight to generate power.It only takes about 15 minutes to land softly after the engine is started.展开更多
Rapid development in Information Technology(IT)has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)transmission.Vehicular networks give a safe and more effect...Rapid development in Information Technology(IT)has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)transmission.Vehicular networks give a safe and more effective driving experience by presenting time-sensitive and location-aware data.The communication occurs directly between V2V and Base Station(BS)units such as the Road Side Unit(RSU),named as a Vehicle to Infrastructure(V2I).However,the frequent topology alterations in VANETs generate several problems with data transmission as the vehicle velocity differs with time.Therefore,the scheme of an effectual routing protocol for reliable and stable communications is significant.Current research demonstrates that clustering is an intelligent method for effectual routing in a mobile environment.Therefore,this article presents a Falcon Optimization Algorithm-based Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Cluster-based Routing(FOA-EECPCR)technique in VANETS.The FOA-EECPCR technique intends to group the vehicles and determine the shortest route in the VANET.To accomplish this,the FOA-EECPCR technique initially clusters the vehicles using FOA with fitness functions comprising energy,distance,and trust level.For the routing process,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is derived with a fitness function that encompasses two variables,namely,energy and distance.A series of experiments have been conducted to exhibit the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR method.The experimental outcomes demonstrate the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR approach over other current methods.展开更多
文摘Falcon作为一种后量子数字签名算法,被选为美国国家标准与技术研究院(National Institute of Standards and Technology, NIST)首批标准化方案之一. Falcon的核心算法在实际实现中很容易出错,引发可能的密码学误用问题.对Falcon核心函数进行形式化验证,以确保其正确性是非常重要的.在过去10年中,计算机辅助密码学领域将形式化方法引入了密码学工程.这使得高性能密码实现具有了强有力的函数正确性和特定实现安全性属性的形式化保证.贡献包括:(1)构建了完整的证明框架,通过形式化验证方法,成功弥合了Falcon的实际代码实现与数学描述之间的差距;(2)在EasyCrypt证明体系中验证了Falcon中的Montgomery模乘、NTT算法、FFT算法的正确性,并对整数高斯采样算法的正确性证明方法进行了探索;(3)给出及优化了基于Jasmin混合编程的Falcon签名与验证实现.
文摘1 If astronauts want to stay on the Moon for more than a few days,they must find local resources,and water is one of the most crucial ones.Scientists believe there's water on the Moon,but they're unsure of where it lies.2 Two probes are on their way to the Moon to solve this mystery.They will be launched on the same SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Cape Canaveral.If everything goes as planned,the first probe to reach the Moon will be Athena.Timothy Crain,the chief technology officer of Intuitive Machines,says it will take about 3 to 4 days,depending on the launch time.They'll orbit the Moon for 2 to 3 days to wait for the Sun to reach the landing site,because the lander's solar panels need sunlight to generate power.It only takes about 15 minutes to land softly after the engine is started.
文摘Rapid development in Information Technology(IT)has allowed several novel application regions like large outdoor vehicular networks for Vehicle-to-Vehicle(V2V)transmission.Vehicular networks give a safe and more effective driving experience by presenting time-sensitive and location-aware data.The communication occurs directly between V2V and Base Station(BS)units such as the Road Side Unit(RSU),named as a Vehicle to Infrastructure(V2I).However,the frequent topology alterations in VANETs generate several problems with data transmission as the vehicle velocity differs with time.Therefore,the scheme of an effectual routing protocol for reliable and stable communications is significant.Current research demonstrates that clustering is an intelligent method for effectual routing in a mobile environment.Therefore,this article presents a Falcon Optimization Algorithm-based Energy Efficient Communication Protocol for Cluster-based Routing(FOA-EECPCR)technique in VANETS.The FOA-EECPCR technique intends to group the vehicles and determine the shortest route in the VANET.To accomplish this,the FOA-EECPCR technique initially clusters the vehicles using FOA with fitness functions comprising energy,distance,and trust level.For the routing process,the Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA)is derived with a fitness function that encompasses two variables,namely,energy and distance.A series of experiments have been conducted to exhibit the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR method.The experimental outcomes demonstrate the enhanced performance of the FOA-EECPCR approach over other current methods.
