We put forward a method to optimize the single-step tapering amplitude of undulator strength and initial energy tuning of electron beam to maximize the saturation power of high gain free-electron lasers (FELs), base...We put forward a method to optimize the single-step tapering amplitude of undulator strength and initial energy tuning of electron beam to maximize the saturation power of high gain free-electron lasers (FELs), based on the physics of longitudinal electron beam phase space. Using the FEL simulation code GENESIS, we numerically demonstrate the accuracy of the estimations for parameters corresponding to the linac coherent light source and the Tesla test facility.展开更多
目的目前国内尚未有针对猫主要过敏原(Fel d 1)的商品化定量检测试剂盒,为建立Fel d 1快速检测方法,本研究制备了Fel d 1蛋白的单克隆抗体。方法本研究利用大肠杆菌密码子偏好性,对Fel d 1基因进行优化与合成,构建原核表达质粒pET-28a-F...目的目前国内尚未有针对猫主要过敏原(Fel d 1)的商品化定量检测试剂盒,为建立Fel d 1快速检测方法,本研究制备了Fel d 1蛋白的单克隆抗体。方法本研究利用大肠杆菌密码子偏好性,对Fel d 1基因进行优化与合成,构建原核表达质粒pET-28a-Fel d 1,随后表达并纯化Fel d 1重组蛋白;对BALB/c小鼠进行免疫,制备单克隆抗体。以重组Fel d 1作为包被蛋白建立间接ELISA方法,筛选杂交瘤细胞株;利用Western blot法验证单克隆抗体的特异性并鉴定其抗原表位。将筛选出的杂交瘤细胞株接种BALB/c小鼠腹腔,大量制备单克隆抗体。结果成功构建了重组质粒pET-28a-Fel d 1,对表达条件进行优化后获得了可溶性表达的Fel d 1蛋白。Western blot法及抗体效价测定结果显示,获得了2株稳定分泌抗Fel d 1特异性抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为7D11和5H4;抗体鉴定结果显示,5H4抗体亚型为IgG2a,可识别Fel d 1第105-163位氨基酸区域;7D11抗体亚型为IgG1,可识别Fel d 1第1-59位氨基酸区域。结论本研究获得的高纯度重组Fel d 1蛋白将为临床免疫治疗猫毛过敏提供一种备选方案;此外,制备的单克隆抗体将为深入研究Fel d 1的生物学功能及ELISA检测方法的研发奠定物质基础。展开更多
Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)lithography is crucial for advancing semiconductor manufacturing;however,current EUV light sources,such as laser-produced plasma(LPP),have significant limitations,including low energy-conversio...Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)lithography is crucial for advancing semiconductor manufacturing;however,current EUV light sources,such as laser-produced plasma(LPP),have significant limitations,including low energy-conversion efficiency and debris contamination.Various schemes,including optical free-electron laser undulators,have been studied to generate coherent EUV light.However,optical undulators suffer from limited focal lengths,which pose a significant challenge to achieving a higher gain.In this study,a novel approach is proposed that employs a stretched off-axis paraboloid(sOAP)mirror,thus extending the focus distance to the centimeter range while achieving a well-controlled periodic light field.This enables high-intensity 92-eV EUV sources to exceed 1016/s,as demonstrated in the simulations.The proposed setup provides an efficient and powerful solution for advanced applications including semiconductor lithography.展开更多
利用化学法制备Nd Fe B中间体,再通过两级还原退火成功制备了主相为Nd2Fe14B的Nd Fe B磁粉。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)及附带的X射线能谱仪(EDS)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等表征手段对样品的物相组成、微观...利用化学法制备Nd Fe B中间体,再通过两级还原退火成功制备了主相为Nd2Fe14B的Nd Fe B磁粉。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)及附带的X射线能谱仪(EDS)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等表征手段对样品的物相组成、微观组织结构、不同温度的相变和磁性能进行了分析,研究了Nd2Fe14B磁粉的形成过程。结果表明:采用化学法成功合成了分散良好的纳米尺寸的Nd Fe B中间体,中间体由球状Fe3O4颗粒和絮状物的Nd、B元素有机物配位体组成;中间体经过两级还原退火转变为Nd Fe B磁粉,通过800℃的一级还原退火使Nd Fe B中间体转化成NdFeO3、B_2O_3、Nd2O3和α-Fe相;二级还原退火在Ca H2辅助下的反应过程:首先B2O3在501℃下被还原成B相,接着678℃时,Nd2O3和Nd Fe O3被还原以形成α-Fe和Nd H2相,最后895℃时,B、Nd H2和α-Fe发生合金化反应形成Nd2Fe14B磁粉。展开更多
为将猫重组变应原Fel d 1蛋白展示在乙肝病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)病毒样颗粒的表面,本试验将编码Fel d 1蛋白的两个基因chain1和chain2拼接在一起形成重组Fel d 1(rFel d 1),然后插入到HBcAg的c/e1loop区,取代HBcAg c/e1loop区的D78与E83之...为将猫重组变应原Fel d 1蛋白展示在乙肝病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)病毒样颗粒的表面,本试验将编码Fel d 1蛋白的两个基因chain1和chain2拼接在一起形成重组Fel d 1(rFel d 1),然后插入到HBcAg的c/e1loop区,取代HBcAg c/e1loop区的D78与E83之间的氨基酸。经密码子优化后进行全基因合成,成功构建了pET28aHBcAg-rFel d 1原核表达载体,将其转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,进行原核诱导表达与Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化,并进行SDS-PAGE电泳、Western blotting和透射电镜检测。结果显示,本试验成功表达了HBcAg-r Fel d 1融合蛋白,并利用镍柱纯化得到了较纯的HBcAg-rFel d 1融合蛋白,进一步利用负染法透射电子显微镜检测到HBcAgrFel d 1融合蛋白呈现病毒样颗粒结构。HBcAg-rFel d 1融合蛋白能自发形成病毒样颗粒结构,为猫过敏症的预防与治疗性疫苗的开发奠定基础。展开更多
目的预测猫主要过敏原Fel d 1的二级结构和B细胞抗原表位。方法以Fel d 1肽链Ⅰ和肽链Ⅱ的氨基酸序列为基础,通过DNASIar Protean软件,采用Chou—Fasman方法预测蛋白质的二级结构;用Kyte—Doolillle法预测亲水性;用Karplus—Sehulz...目的预测猫主要过敏原Fel d 1的二级结构和B细胞抗原表位。方法以Fel d 1肽链Ⅰ和肽链Ⅱ的氨基酸序列为基础,通过DNASIar Protean软件,采用Chou—Fasman方法预测蛋白质的二级结构;用Kyte—Doolillle法预测亲水性;用Karplus—Sehulz方法预测柔韧性;用Emini方法预测表面可及性;用Jaineson—Wolf方法预测抗原性指数。结果对Fel d 1的二级结构和B细胞抗原表位预测的结果表明,第15~21、48~57、103~111、138~143、151~161区段是潜在的B细胞抗原表位。结论本研究有助于确定Fel d 1的B细胞优势抗原表位,为Fel d展开更多
基金Supported by Major State Basic Research Development Program(2011CB808301)National Natural Science Foundation of China(11205156)
文摘We put forward a method to optimize the single-step tapering amplitude of undulator strength and initial energy tuning of electron beam to maximize the saturation power of high gain free-electron lasers (FELs), based on the physics of longitudinal electron beam phase space. Using the FEL simulation code GENESIS, we numerically demonstrate the accuracy of the estimations for parameters corresponding to the linac coherent light source and the Tesla test facility.
文摘目的目前国内尚未有针对猫主要过敏原(Fel d 1)的商品化定量检测试剂盒,为建立Fel d 1快速检测方法,本研究制备了Fel d 1蛋白的单克隆抗体。方法本研究利用大肠杆菌密码子偏好性,对Fel d 1基因进行优化与合成,构建原核表达质粒pET-28a-Fel d 1,随后表达并纯化Fel d 1重组蛋白;对BALB/c小鼠进行免疫,制备单克隆抗体。以重组Fel d 1作为包被蛋白建立间接ELISA方法,筛选杂交瘤细胞株;利用Western blot法验证单克隆抗体的特异性并鉴定其抗原表位。将筛选出的杂交瘤细胞株接种BALB/c小鼠腹腔,大量制备单克隆抗体。结果成功构建了重组质粒pET-28a-Fel d 1,对表达条件进行优化后获得了可溶性表达的Fel d 1蛋白。Western blot法及抗体效价测定结果显示,获得了2株稳定分泌抗Fel d 1特异性抗体的杂交瘤细胞株,分别命名为7D11和5H4;抗体鉴定结果显示,5H4抗体亚型为IgG2a,可识别Fel d 1第105-163位氨基酸区域;7D11抗体亚型为IgG1,可识别Fel d 1第1-59位氨基酸区域。结论本研究获得的高纯度重组Fel d 1蛋白将为临床免疫治疗猫毛过敏提供一种备选方案;此外,制备的单克隆抗体将为深入研究Fel d 1的生物学功能及ELISA检测方法的研发奠定物质基础。
基金supported in part by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFA1606900)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Nos.12235003 and 12447106).
文摘Extreme ultraviolet(EUV)lithography is crucial for advancing semiconductor manufacturing;however,current EUV light sources,such as laser-produced plasma(LPP),have significant limitations,including low energy-conversion efficiency and debris contamination.Various schemes,including optical free-electron laser undulators,have been studied to generate coherent EUV light.However,optical undulators suffer from limited focal lengths,which pose a significant challenge to achieving a higher gain.In this study,a novel approach is proposed that employs a stretched off-axis paraboloid(sOAP)mirror,thus extending the focus distance to the centimeter range while achieving a well-controlled periodic light field.This enables high-intensity 92-eV EUV sources to exceed 1016/s,as demonstrated in the simulations.The proposed setup provides an efficient and powerful solution for advanced applications including semiconductor lithography.
文摘利用化学法制备Nd Fe B中间体,再通过两级还原退火成功制备了主相为Nd2Fe14B的Nd Fe B磁粉。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电镜(TEM)及附带的X射线能谱仪(EDS)、差示扫描量热仪(DSC)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等表征手段对样品的物相组成、微观组织结构、不同温度的相变和磁性能进行了分析,研究了Nd2Fe14B磁粉的形成过程。结果表明:采用化学法成功合成了分散良好的纳米尺寸的Nd Fe B中间体,中间体由球状Fe3O4颗粒和絮状物的Nd、B元素有机物配位体组成;中间体经过两级还原退火转变为Nd Fe B磁粉,通过800℃的一级还原退火使Nd Fe B中间体转化成NdFeO3、B_2O_3、Nd2O3和α-Fe相;二级还原退火在Ca H2辅助下的反应过程:首先B2O3在501℃下被还原成B相,接着678℃时,Nd2O3和Nd Fe O3被还原以形成α-Fe和Nd H2相,最后895℃时,B、Nd H2和α-Fe发生合金化反应形成Nd2Fe14B磁粉。
文摘为将猫重组变应原Fel d 1蛋白展示在乙肝病毒核心抗原(HBcAg)病毒样颗粒的表面,本试验将编码Fel d 1蛋白的两个基因chain1和chain2拼接在一起形成重组Fel d 1(rFel d 1),然后插入到HBcAg的c/e1loop区,取代HBcAg c/e1loop区的D78与E83之间的氨基酸。经密码子优化后进行全基因合成,成功构建了pET28aHBcAg-rFel d 1原核表达载体,将其转化入大肠杆菌BL21(DE3)中,进行原核诱导表达与Ni-NTA亲和层析纯化,并进行SDS-PAGE电泳、Western blotting和透射电镜检测。结果显示,本试验成功表达了HBcAg-r Fel d 1融合蛋白,并利用镍柱纯化得到了较纯的HBcAg-rFel d 1融合蛋白,进一步利用负染法透射电子显微镜检测到HBcAgrFel d 1融合蛋白呈现病毒样颗粒结构。HBcAg-rFel d 1融合蛋白能自发形成病毒样颗粒结构,为猫过敏症的预防与治疗性疫苗的开发奠定基础。
文摘目的预测猫主要过敏原Fel d 1的二级结构和B细胞抗原表位。方法以Fel d 1肽链Ⅰ和肽链Ⅱ的氨基酸序列为基础,通过DNASIar Protean软件,采用Chou—Fasman方法预测蛋白质的二级结构;用Kyte—Doolillle法预测亲水性;用Karplus—Sehulz方法预测柔韧性;用Emini方法预测表面可及性;用Jaineson—Wolf方法预测抗原性指数。结果对Fel d 1的二级结构和B细胞抗原表位预测的结果表明,第15~21、48~57、103~111、138~143、151~161区段是潜在的B细胞抗原表位。结论本研究有助于确定Fel d 1的B细胞优势抗原表位,为Fel d