基于对联邦政府要求提高教师质量,促进教师专业发展,美国每个州和学区都构建出各自的教师评价体系以响应政策。弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯郡公立学校(Fairfax County Public Schools)于2013年8月出台了最新的《教师表现性评价手册》(Teacher ...基于对联邦政府要求提高教师质量,促进教师专业发展,美国每个州和学区都构建出各自的教师评价体系以响应政策。弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯郡公立学校(Fairfax County Public Schools)于2013年8月出台了最新的《教师表现性评价手册》(Teacher Performance Evaluation Handbook),强调评价标准的多样化,为教师专业发展提供持续性帮助,并建构独特的教师表现评价程序。对该表现性评价手册的解读,有助于了解美国教师评价发展的新动态,以期为完善我国教师评价模式提供有益借鉴。展开更多
Anhedonia can be defined as a condition in which the hedonic capacity is totally or partially lost. From a psychobiological perspective, several researchers proposed that anhedonia has a putative neural substrate, the...Anhedonia can be defined as a condition in which the hedonic capacity is totally or partially lost. From a psychobiological perspective, several researchers proposed that anhedonia has a putative neural substrate, the dopaminergic mesolimbic and mesocortical reward circuit, which involves the ventral tegmental area, the ventral striatum and part of the prefrontal cortex. Anhedonia is, besides depressed mood, one of the two core symptoms of depression;furthermore it is one of the most important negative symptom in schizophrenia. Anhedonia is also present in substance use disorders as part of the abstinence symptomatology, and interrelations between hedonic capability, craving and protracted withdrawal have been found, particularly in opiate-dependent subjects. Although anhedonia is regarded as an important symptom in psychopathology, so far it has received relatively little attention. In general, two main approaches have been utilized to investigate and assess anhedonia or hedonic capacity: laboratory-based measures and questionnaires. Among measurement scales, the most commonly used are the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), the Fawcett-Clark Pleasure Scale (FCPS), and the Revised Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale (CPAS). Nevertheless, other measurement scales, particularly used within broader psychopathological dimensions, are the Anhedonia-Asociality subscale (SANSanh) of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS). In this paper we analyze these different scales, individuating their strengths and limits and their current clinical applications.展开更多
This paper presents a complex design of frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave (FMICW) and frequency-coded pulses (FCP) for detection of aircraft and ship targets. Here, FMICW is used to satisfy requirements ...This paper presents a complex design of frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave (FMICW) and frequency-coded pulses (FCP) for detection of aircraft and ship targets. Here, FMICW is used to satisfy requirements of aircraft detection and FCP is used to satisfy requirements of ship detection for the differences in maneuverability and scatter characteristics of targets and interference background. The design of such a complex waveform for detection of aircraft and ship targets by a HF radar is discussed in detail with different considerations for better performance.展开更多
文摘基于对联邦政府要求提高教师质量,促进教师专业发展,美国每个州和学区都构建出各自的教师评价体系以响应政策。弗吉尼亚州费尔法克斯郡公立学校(Fairfax County Public Schools)于2013年8月出台了最新的《教师表现性评价手册》(Teacher Performance Evaluation Handbook),强调评价标准的多样化,为教师专业发展提供持续性帮助,并建构独特的教师表现评价程序。对该表现性评价手册的解读,有助于了解美国教师评价发展的新动态,以期为完善我国教师评价模式提供有益借鉴。
文摘Anhedonia can be defined as a condition in which the hedonic capacity is totally or partially lost. From a psychobiological perspective, several researchers proposed that anhedonia has a putative neural substrate, the dopaminergic mesolimbic and mesocortical reward circuit, which involves the ventral tegmental area, the ventral striatum and part of the prefrontal cortex. Anhedonia is, besides depressed mood, one of the two core symptoms of depression;furthermore it is one of the most important negative symptom in schizophrenia. Anhedonia is also present in substance use disorders as part of the abstinence symptomatology, and interrelations between hedonic capability, craving and protracted withdrawal have been found, particularly in opiate-dependent subjects. Although anhedonia is regarded as an important symptom in psychopathology, so far it has received relatively little attention. In general, two main approaches have been utilized to investigate and assess anhedonia or hedonic capacity: laboratory-based measures and questionnaires. Among measurement scales, the most commonly used are the Snaith-Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), the Fawcett-Clark Pleasure Scale (FCPS), and the Revised Chapman Physical Anhedonia Scale (CPAS). Nevertheless, other measurement scales, particularly used within broader psychopathological dimensions, are the Anhedonia-Asociality subscale (SANSanh) of the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and the Bech-Rafaelsen Melancholia Scale (BRMS). In this paper we analyze these different scales, individuating their strengths and limits and their current clinical applications.
文摘This paper presents a complex design of frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave (FMICW) and frequency-coded pulses (FCP) for detection of aircraft and ship targets. Here, FMICW is used to satisfy requirements of aircraft detection and FCP is used to satisfy requirements of ship detection for the differences in maneuverability and scatter characteristics of targets and interference background. The design of such a complex waveform for detection of aircraft and ship targets by a HF radar is discussed in detail with different considerations for better performance.
