Three bacterial strains Bacillus pumilis, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and ExtguoOactertum were investigated when grown in Luria-Bertani （LB） medium at 500 μg/mL Cr（VI）. The hexavalent chromium reduction was meas...Three bacterial strains Bacillus pumilis, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and ExtguoOactertum were investigated when grown in Luria-Bertani （LB） medium at 500 μg/mL Cr（VI）. The hexavalent chromium reduction was measured by growing the strains in DeLeo and Ehrlich （1994） medium at 200 and 400 μg/mL K2CrO4. The optimal Cr （VI） reduction by strains B. pumilis, Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 51%, 39%, and 41%, respectively, at an initial KzCrO4 concentration of 200 ~tg/mL at pH 3 and temperature 37℃. At an initial chromate concentration of 400 gg/mL, the Cr（VI） reduction by strains B. purnilis, Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 24%, 19%, and 18%, respectively at pH 3 at 37℃ after 24 h. These strains have ability to reduce toxic hexavalent chromium to the less mobile trivalent chromium at a wide range of different environmental conditions and can be useful for the treatment of contaminated wastewater and soils.展开更多
【目的】为有效缓解自毒物质肉桂酸对西瓜等作物生长的危害,从宁夏中卫硒砂瓜连作土壤中分离筛选得到一株高效降解肉桂酸的菌株,研究其基本降解特性。【方法】分离筛选得到一株能有效利用肉桂酸生长的菌株,采用16S r RNA基因序列分析进...【目的】为有效缓解自毒物质肉桂酸对西瓜等作物生长的危害,从宁夏中卫硒砂瓜连作土壤中分离筛选得到一株高效降解肉桂酸的菌株,研究其基本降解特性。【方法】分离筛选得到一株能有效利用肉桂酸生长的菌株,采用16S r RNA基因序列分析进行菌株鉴定,运用高效液相色谱法和西瓜幼苗生长毒性实验检测降解特性。【结果】从多年西瓜连作土壤中筛选得到一株高效降解肉桂酸的细菌R30,鉴定为Exiguobacterium sp.,其96 h内对肉桂酸的降解率可达99%以上,最适降解温度和p H分别为30°C、p H 7.0。除肉桂酸外,该菌也能够高效降解香豆酸、阿魏酸、苯甲酸等其他酚酸类物质,表现出一定的底物广谱性;检测96 h降解液对西瓜种子萌发直至幼苗生长阶段的影响表明,该菌株可有效缓解肉桂酸对西瓜幼苗的生长抑制作用。【结论】菌株R30在肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、苯甲酸等酚酸类物质导致的农作物连作障碍治理领域具有潜在的开发应用价值。展开更多
【目的】微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)细菌广泛分布于海洋及非海洋环境中,具有多种代谢途径以适应复杂多样的生境。本研究从能量代谢途径角度出发,探究该属菌株对不同生境的适应能力。【方法】从美国国家生物科技数据中心(National Cent...【目的】微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)细菌广泛分布于海洋及非海洋环境中,具有多种代谢途径以适应复杂多样的生境。本研究从能量代谢途径角度出发,探究该属菌株对不同生境的适应能力。【方法】从美国国家生物科技数据中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI)数据库中获取146个Exiguobacterium属菌株的基因组,查找并统计光营养、厌氧呼吸和底物代谢等多种能量代谢途径的关键蛋白或关键酶基因在各菌株基因组中的分布,包括光营养型的视紫红质基因、厌氧呼吸营养型的钼辅因子合成蛋白基因,以及底物代谢营养型中乙醛酸分流途径的异柠檬酸裂解酶及苹果酸合酶基因等。根据对应的氨基酸序列构建视紫红质、MoaC和异柠檬酸裂解酶的系统发育树,分析不同能量代谢途径在该属菌株进化过程中的保守性,推测其对于该属菌株的重要性。【结果】Exiguobacterium属中50%的种具有视紫红质基因,其中分离自非海洋生境的菌株更趋向于含有视紫红质基因。本研究所统计的全部非海洋生境菌株中,含有视紫红质基因的菌株占比约为70%,而在海洋生境菌株中该比例仅为19%。Exiguobacterium属约27%的种存在钼辅因子合成蛋白基因,分离自海洋环境的菌株有该类蛋白的可能性更高(32%:21%),具有完整钼辅因子合成途径的菌株集中于进化树同一分支上的少数种。该属约61%的种存在乙醛酸分流途径相关酶基因,这些种隶属进化树的同一分支,且种内所有菌株都具备相关基因,表明乙醛酸分流途径在Exiguobacterium属的分布具有种特异性。【结论】Exiguobacterium属细菌具有多种能量代谢途径相关基因,包括基于视紫红质的光营养型能量代谢途径、基于钼酶的厌氧呼吸型能量代谢途径和底物代谢营养型能量代谢途径中的乙醛酸分流途径。能量代谢途径多样性可能是Exiguobacterium属细菌适应复杂多样生境的机制之一。此外,本研究发现Exiguobacterium属中不同种、同种不同菌株间存在能量代谢途径差异,且能量代谢途径在该属内的分布多不具备种特异性,表明仅通过16S rRNA基因种属鉴定来预测目标菌株的代谢类型可能有较大偏差和局限性。展开更多
In an effort to identify a bio-agent capable of controlling cyanobacterial blooms, we isolated a bacterial strain, A27, which exhibited strong algicidal activity against the dominant bloom-forming species of Microcyst...In an effort to identify a bio-agent capable of controlling cyanobacterial blooms, we isolated a bacterial strain, A27, which exhibited strong algicidal activity against the dominant bloom-forming species of Microcystis aeruginosa in Lake Taihu. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain belongs to the genus Exiguobacterium. This is the first report of an algicidal bacterial strain belonging to the genus Exiguobacterium. Strain A27 exhibited algicidal activity against a broad range of cyanobacteria, but elicited little or no algicidal activity against the two green algal strains tested. The algicidal activity of strain A27 was shown to be dependent on the density of the bacteria and to have a threshold density of 1.5×106 CFU/mL. Our data also showed that the algicidal activity of strain A27 depended on different growth stages ofMicrocystis aeruginosa （exponential ≈ lag phase 〉 early stationary） rather than that of the bacterium itself. Our results also suggested the algicidal activity of strain A27 occurred via the production of extracellular algicidal compounds. Investigation of the algicidal compounds revealed that there were at least two different algicidal compounds produced by strain A27. These results indicated that strain A27 has great potential for use in the control of outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Taihu.展开更多
文摘Three bacterial strains Bacillus pumilis, Cellulosimicrobium cellulans and ExtguoOactertum were investigated when grown in Luria-Bertani （LB） medium at 500 μg/mL Cr（VI）. The hexavalent chromium reduction was measured by growing the strains in DeLeo and Ehrlich （1994） medium at 200 and 400 μg/mL K2CrO4. The optimal Cr （VI） reduction by strains B. pumilis, Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 51%, 39%, and 41%, respectively, at an initial KzCrO4 concentration of 200 ~tg/mL at pH 3 and temperature 37℃. At an initial chromate concentration of 400 gg/mL, the Cr（VI） reduction by strains B. purnilis, Exigubacterium and C. cellulans was 24%, 19%, and 18%, respectively at pH 3 at 37℃ after 24 h. These strains have ability to reduce toxic hexavalent chromium to the less mobile trivalent chromium at a wide range of different environmental conditions and can be useful for the treatment of contaminated wastewater and soils.
文摘【目的】为有效缓解自毒物质肉桂酸对西瓜等作物生长的危害,从宁夏中卫硒砂瓜连作土壤中分离筛选得到一株高效降解肉桂酸的菌株,研究其基本降解特性。【方法】分离筛选得到一株能有效利用肉桂酸生长的菌株,采用16S r RNA基因序列分析进行菌株鉴定,运用高效液相色谱法和西瓜幼苗生长毒性实验检测降解特性。【结果】从多年西瓜连作土壤中筛选得到一株高效降解肉桂酸的细菌R30,鉴定为Exiguobacterium sp.,其96 h内对肉桂酸的降解率可达99%以上,最适降解温度和p H分别为30°C、p H 7.0。除肉桂酸外,该菌也能够高效降解香豆酸、阿魏酸、苯甲酸等其他酚酸类物质,表现出一定的底物广谱性;检测96 h降解液对西瓜种子萌发直至幼苗生长阶段的影响表明,该菌株可有效缓解肉桂酸对西瓜幼苗的生长抑制作用。【结论】菌株R30在肉桂酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、苯甲酸等酚酸类物质导致的农作物连作障碍治理领域具有潜在的开发应用价值。
文摘【目的】微小杆菌属(Exiguobacterium)细菌广泛分布于海洋及非海洋环境中,具有多种代谢途径以适应复杂多样的生境。本研究从能量代谢途径角度出发,探究该属菌株对不同生境的适应能力。【方法】从美国国家生物科技数据中心(National Center for Biotechnology Information, NCBI)数据库中获取146个Exiguobacterium属菌株的基因组,查找并统计光营养、厌氧呼吸和底物代谢等多种能量代谢途径的关键蛋白或关键酶基因在各菌株基因组中的分布,包括光营养型的视紫红质基因、厌氧呼吸营养型的钼辅因子合成蛋白基因,以及底物代谢营养型中乙醛酸分流途径的异柠檬酸裂解酶及苹果酸合酶基因等。根据对应的氨基酸序列构建视紫红质、MoaC和异柠檬酸裂解酶的系统发育树,分析不同能量代谢途径在该属菌株进化过程中的保守性,推测其对于该属菌株的重要性。【结果】Exiguobacterium属中50%的种具有视紫红质基因,其中分离自非海洋生境的菌株更趋向于含有视紫红质基因。本研究所统计的全部非海洋生境菌株中,含有视紫红质基因的菌株占比约为70%,而在海洋生境菌株中该比例仅为19%。Exiguobacterium属约27%的种存在钼辅因子合成蛋白基因,分离自海洋环境的菌株有该类蛋白的可能性更高(32%:21%),具有完整钼辅因子合成途径的菌株集中于进化树同一分支上的少数种。该属约61%的种存在乙醛酸分流途径相关酶基因,这些种隶属进化树的同一分支,且种内所有菌株都具备相关基因,表明乙醛酸分流途径在Exiguobacterium属的分布具有种特异性。【结论】Exiguobacterium属细菌具有多种能量代谢途径相关基因,包括基于视紫红质的光营养型能量代谢途径、基于钼酶的厌氧呼吸型能量代谢途径和底物代谢营养型能量代谢途径中的乙醛酸分流途径。能量代谢途径多样性可能是Exiguobacterium属细菌适应复杂多样生境的机制之一。此外,本研究发现Exiguobacterium属中不同种、同种不同菌株间存在能量代谢途径差异,且能量代谢途径在该属内的分布多不具备种特异性,表明仅通过16S rRNA基因种属鉴定来预测目标菌株的代谢类型可能有较大偏差和局限性。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 20877055)the National Basic Research Program (973) of China (No. 2012CB720802)the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2011AA100901)
文摘In an effort to identify a bio-agent capable of controlling cyanobacterial blooms, we isolated a bacterial strain, A27, which exhibited strong algicidal activity against the dominant bloom-forming species of Microcystis aeruginosa in Lake Taihu. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, this strain belongs to the genus Exiguobacterium. This is the first report of an algicidal bacterial strain belonging to the genus Exiguobacterium. Strain A27 exhibited algicidal activity against a broad range of cyanobacteria, but elicited little or no algicidal activity against the two green algal strains tested. The algicidal activity of strain A27 was shown to be dependent on the density of the bacteria and to have a threshold density of 1.5×106 CFU/mL. Our data also showed that the algicidal activity of strain A27 depended on different growth stages ofMicrocystis aeruginosa （exponential ≈ lag phase 〉 early stationary） rather than that of the bacterium itself. Our results also suggested the algicidal activity of strain A27 occurred via the production of extracellular algicidal compounds. Investigation of the algicidal compounds revealed that there were at least two different algicidal compounds produced by strain A27. These results indicated that strain A27 has great potential for use in the control of outbreaks of cyanobacterial blooms in Lake Taihu.
