Anaerobic digestion(AD)is widely employed for sludge stabilization and waste reduction.However,the slow hydrolysis process hinders methane production and leads to prolonged sludge issues.In this study,an efficient and...Anaerobic digestion(AD)is widely employed for sludge stabilization and waste reduction.However,the slow hydrolysis process hinders methane production and leads to prolonged sludge issues.In this study,an efficient and eco-friendly lysozyme pre-treatment method was utilized to address these challenges.By optimizing lysozyme dosage,hydrolysis and cell lysis were maximized.Furthermore,lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment enhanced overall efficiency.Results indicate that:(1)When lysozyme dosage reached 90 mg/g TS after 240 min of pretreatment,SCOD,soluble polysaccharides,and protein content reached their maxima at 855.00,44.09,and 204.86 mg/L,respectively.This represented an increase of 85.87%,365.58%,and 259.21%compared to the untreated sludge.Threedimensional fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the highest fluorescence intensity in the IV region(soluble microbial product),promoting microbial metabolic activity.(2)Lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment significantly increased SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release from sludge,reducing SCOD release time.Orthogonal experiments identified Group 3 as the most effective for SCOD and soluble polysaccharide release,while Group 9 released the most soluble proteins.The significance order of factors influencing SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release is hydrothermal temperature>hydrothermal time>enzymatic digestion time.(3)The lysozyme-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment group exhibited the fastest release and the highest SCOD concentration of 8,135.00 mg/L during anaerobic digestion.Maximum SCOD consumption and cumulative gas production increased by 95.89%and 130.58%,respectively,compared to the control group,allowing gas production to conclude 3 days earlier.展开更多
Advancements in healthcare technology have improved mortality rates and extended lifespans,resulting in a population with multiple comorbidities that complicate patient care.Traditional assessments often fall short,un...Advancements in healthcare technology have improved mortality rates and extended lifespans,resulting in a population with multiple comorbidities that complicate patient care.Traditional assessments often fall short,underscoring the need for integrated care strategies.Among these,fluid management is particularly challenging due to the difficulty in directly assessing volume status especially in critically ill patients who frequently have peripheral oedema.Effective fluid ma-nagement is essential for optimal tissue oxygen delivery,which is crucial for cellular metabolism.Oxygen transport is dependent on arterial oxygen levels,haemoglobin concentration,and cardiac output,with the latter influenced by preload,afterload,and cardiac contractility.A delicate balance of these factors ensures that the cardiovascular system can respond adequately to varying ph-ysiological demands,thereby safeguarding tissue oxygenation and overall organ function during states of stress or illness.The Venous Excess Ultrasound(VExUS)Grading System is instrumental in evaluating fluid intolerance,providing detailed insights into venous congestion and fluid status.It was originally developed to assess the risk of acute kidney injury in postoperative cardiac patients,but its versatility has enabled broader applications in nephrology and critical care settings.This mini review explores VE×US’s application and its impact on fluid management and patient outcomes in critically ill patients.展开更多
Under the“dual carbon”goals,this paper constructs an optimization model of the comprehensive energy system in the park.A stepwise carbon excess rate mechanism and an electric vehicle coupling strategy are proposed:A...Under the“dual carbon”goals,this paper constructs an optimization model of the comprehensive energy system in the park.A stepwise carbon excess rate mechanism and an electric vehicle coupling strategy are proposed:A carbon quota trading system is established based on the baseline method,and the stepwise function is adopted to quantify the cost of excess carbon emissions;Introduce the price demand response and the two-way interaction mechanism of electric Vehicle vehicle-to-grid(V2G)to enhance the flexible regulation ability.Aiming at the uncertainty of wind and solar output,a typical scene set is generated by combining Latin hypercube sampling with the scene reduction method.The goal is to minimize the operating cost and maximize the consumption of renewable energy,and it is solved through the CPLEX solver in the MATLAB platform.Through simulation verification of the proposed models and methods in various scenarios,the simulation results show that under the coupling of the carbon excess rate trading mechanism,the demand response mechanism,and the vehicle-to-grid interaction of electric vehicles,the total daily operating cost of the system decreases by 25.3%,reduce the dual pressure of energy consumption costs and the economic environment,and achieve the coordinated optimization of economic and ecological benefits.展开更多
In this study,based on the rockburst disaster mechanism of excess energy △E>0,true triaxial transient unloading strainburst(including instantaneous strainburst and delayed strainburst)experiments were performed on...In this study,based on the rockburst disaster mechanism of excess energy △E>0,true triaxial transient unloading strainburst(including instantaneous strainburst and delayed strainburst)experiments were performed on granite specimens at different maximum principal stress levels.The experimental results were then analyzed,with the strainburst characteristics and acoustic emission(AE)responses of the granite specimens being examined.The excess energy △E was derived through a comparison with the results of conventional biaxial compression tests.The following beneficial conclusions were drawn.The mechanical strength of delayed strainburst specimens initially increases and then decreases with the rise of the unloading stress level.In contrast,the mechanical strength of instantaneous strainburst specimens is higher than that of delayed ones,increasing with the unloading stress level.In terms of fragment ejection velocity and scale,the rockburst intensity of a specimen is positively correlated with its mechanical strength.A pronounced linear relationship exists between the excess energy △E and the fragment ejection velocity(as well as weight),indicating that △E is intimately linked to the kinetic energy of rockbursts.Rockbursts lead to the formation of burst pits and typical V-shaped damage zones near the free face of the specimens,within which tensile cracks dominate.Additionally,the distribution of AE AFRA values indicates that the proportion of tensile cracks increases with the rise of unloading stress level,suggesting that transient unloading under high stress levels significantly promotes tensile fracture.It is anticipated that this study will provide further elucidation on the mechanism of rockburst kinetic energy generation,thereby establishing a foundation for the design of rockburst support measures in engineering applications.展开更多
The neutron excess effect,originating from the vanishing of one part of τ_(1)·τ_(2) operator matrix elements,was appropriately considered within the Skyrme-typeΛNN three-body interactions and applied to the de...The neutron excess effect,originating from the vanishing of one part of τ_(1)·τ_(2) operator matrix elements,was appropriately considered within the Skyrme-typeΛNN three-body interactions and applied to the deformed SHF model.Analysis of a broad range of hypernuclei,from light to heavy masses,shows that the neutron excess effect significantly improves the description ofΛbinding energies.The underlying mechanism involves reducing theΛNN three-body repulsive interaction by subtracting the neutron excess term,thereby improving the binding energy of the hypernucleus.In addition,the impact of this effect on theΛsingle-particle potential and the hyperon density distribution is discussed.展开更多
Climate change is a pressing global environmental issue^([1]).The gradual rise in global surface temperature is the most immediate and direct among its public health impacts.Influenza,the leading cause of human respir...Climate change is a pressing global environmental issue^([1]).The gradual rise in global surface temperature is the most immediate and direct among its public health impacts.Influenza,the leading cause of human respiratory viral infections,remains a substantial public health concern owing to its considerable disease burden,particularly in highrisk groups.Mounting epidemiological evidence has linked influenza to extreme heat and cold weather^([2–4]).展开更多
文摘Anaerobic digestion(AD)is widely employed for sludge stabilization and waste reduction.However,the slow hydrolysis process hinders methane production and leads to prolonged sludge issues.In this study,an efficient and eco-friendly lysozyme pre-treatment method was utilized to address these challenges.By optimizing lysozyme dosage,hydrolysis and cell lysis were maximized.Furthermore,lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment enhanced overall efficiency.Results indicate that:(1)When lysozyme dosage reached 90 mg/g TS after 240 min of pretreatment,SCOD,soluble polysaccharides,and protein content reached their maxima at 855.00,44.09,and 204.86 mg/L,respectively.This represented an increase of 85.87%,365.58%,and 259.21%compared to the untreated sludge.Threedimensional fluorescence spectroscopy revealed the highest fluorescence intensity in the IV region(soluble microbial product),promoting microbial metabolic activity.(2)Lysozyme combined with hydrothermal pretreatment significantly increased SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release from sludge,reducing SCOD release time.Orthogonal experiments identified Group 3 as the most effective for SCOD and soluble polysaccharide release,while Group 9 released the most soluble proteins.The significance order of factors influencing SCOD,soluble proteins,and polysaccharide release is hydrothermal temperature>hydrothermal time>enzymatic digestion time.(3)The lysozyme-assisted hydrothermal pretreatment group exhibited the fastest release and the highest SCOD concentration of 8,135.00 mg/L during anaerobic digestion.Maximum SCOD consumption and cumulative gas production increased by 95.89%and 130.58%,respectively,compared to the control group,allowing gas production to conclude 3 days earlier.
文摘Advancements in healthcare technology have improved mortality rates and extended lifespans,resulting in a population with multiple comorbidities that complicate patient care.Traditional assessments often fall short,underscoring the need for integrated care strategies.Among these,fluid management is particularly challenging due to the difficulty in directly assessing volume status especially in critically ill patients who frequently have peripheral oedema.Effective fluid ma-nagement is essential for optimal tissue oxygen delivery,which is crucial for cellular metabolism.Oxygen transport is dependent on arterial oxygen levels,haemoglobin concentration,and cardiac output,with the latter influenced by preload,afterload,and cardiac contractility.A delicate balance of these factors ensures that the cardiovascular system can respond adequately to varying ph-ysiological demands,thereby safeguarding tissue oxygenation and overall organ function during states of stress or illness.The Venous Excess Ultrasound(VExUS)Grading System is instrumental in evaluating fluid intolerance,providing detailed insights into venous congestion and fluid status.It was originally developed to assess the risk of acute kidney injury in postoperative cardiac patients,but its versatility has enabled broader applications in nephrology and critical care settings.This mini review explores VE×US’s application and its impact on fluid management and patient outcomes in critically ill patients.
基金sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China(52077137).
文摘Under the“dual carbon”goals,this paper constructs an optimization model of the comprehensive energy system in the park.A stepwise carbon excess rate mechanism and an electric vehicle coupling strategy are proposed:A carbon quota trading system is established based on the baseline method,and the stepwise function is adopted to quantify the cost of excess carbon emissions;Introduce the price demand response and the two-way interaction mechanism of electric Vehicle vehicle-to-grid(V2G)to enhance the flexible regulation ability.Aiming at the uncertainty of wind and solar output,a typical scene set is generated by combining Latin hypercube sampling with the scene reduction method.The goal is to minimize the operating cost and maximize the consumption of renewable energy,and it is solved through the CPLEX solver in the MATLAB platform.Through simulation verification of the proposed models and methods in various scenarios,the simulation results show that under the coupling of the carbon excess rate trading mechanism,the demand response mechanism,and the vehicle-to-grid interaction of electric vehicles,the total daily operating cost of the system decreases by 25.3%,reduce the dual pressure of energy consumption costs and the economic environment,and achieve the coordinated optimization of economic and ecological benefits.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41941018).
文摘In this study,based on the rockburst disaster mechanism of excess energy △E>0,true triaxial transient unloading strainburst(including instantaneous strainburst and delayed strainburst)experiments were performed on granite specimens at different maximum principal stress levels.The experimental results were then analyzed,with the strainburst characteristics and acoustic emission(AE)responses of the granite specimens being examined.The excess energy △E was derived through a comparison with the results of conventional biaxial compression tests.The following beneficial conclusions were drawn.The mechanical strength of delayed strainburst specimens initially increases and then decreases with the rise of the unloading stress level.In contrast,the mechanical strength of instantaneous strainburst specimens is higher than that of delayed ones,increasing with the unloading stress level.In terms of fragment ejection velocity and scale,the rockburst intensity of a specimen is positively correlated with its mechanical strength.A pronounced linear relationship exists between the excess energy △E and the fragment ejection velocity(as well as weight),indicating that △E is intimately linked to the kinetic energy of rockbursts.Rockbursts lead to the formation of burst pits and typical V-shaped damage zones near the free face of the specimens,within which tensile cracks dominate.Additionally,the distribution of AE AFRA values indicates that the proportion of tensile cracks increases with the rise of unloading stress level,suggesting that transient unloading under high stress levels significantly promotes tensile fracture.It is anticipated that this study will provide further elucidation on the mechanism of rockburst kinetic energy generation,thereby establishing a foundation for the design of rockburst support measures in engineering applications.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundations of China(Nos.12175071,12575124,and 12505137)Key Scientific Research Projects of Universities in Henan Province(No.26B140011)Doctoral Specialized Project of Nanyang Normal University(No.2025ZX006).
文摘The neutron excess effect,originating from the vanishing of one part of τ_(1)·τ_(2) operator matrix elements,was appropriately considered within the Skyrme-typeΛNN three-body interactions and applied to the deformed SHF model.Analysis of a broad range of hypernuclei,from light to heavy masses,shows that the neutron excess effect significantly improves the description ofΛbinding energies.The underlying mechanism involves reducing theΛNN three-body repulsive interaction by subtracting the neutron excess term,thereby improving the binding energy of the hypernucleus.In addition,the impact of this effect on theΛsingle-particle potential and the hyperon density distribution is discussed.
基金supported by a Grant-inAid for Scientific Research(KAKENHI)from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science(grant no.22J23183)。
文摘Climate change is a pressing global environmental issue^([1]).The gradual rise in global surface temperature is the most immediate and direct among its public health impacts.Influenza,the leading cause of human respiratory viral infections,remains a substantial public health concern owing to its considerable disease burden,particularly in highrisk groups.Mounting epidemiological evidence has linked influenza to extreme heat and cold weather^([2–4]).
