Electroreduction of small molecules such as CO2,N2,and NO3−is one of the promising routes to produce sustainable chemicals and fuels and store renewable energy,which could contribute to our carbon neutrality goal.Emer...Electroreduction of small molecules such as CO2,N2,and NO3−is one of the promising routes to produce sustainable chemicals and fuels and store renewable energy,which could contribute to our carbon neutrality goal.Emerging multicomponent electrocatalysts,integrating the advantages of individual components of catalysts,are of great importance to achieve efficient electroreduction of small molecules via activation of inert bonds and multistep transformation.In this review,some basic issues in the electroreduction of small molecules including CO2,N2,and NO3−are briefly introduced.We then discuss our fundamental understanding of the rule of interaction in multicomponent electrocatalysts,and summarize three models for multicomponent catalysts,including type I,“a non-catalytically active component can activate or protect another catalytic component”;type II,“all catalytic components provide active intermediates for electrochemical conversion”;and type III,“one component provides the substrate for the other through conversion or adsorption”.Additionally,an outlook was considered to highlight the future directions of multicomponent electrocatalysts toward industrial applications.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22002172 and 22121002)the Beijing Natural Science Foundation(J210020)the Photon Science Center for Carbon Neutrality。
文摘Electroreduction of small molecules such as CO2,N2,and NO3−is one of the promising routes to produce sustainable chemicals and fuels and store renewable energy,which could contribute to our carbon neutrality goal.Emerging multicomponent electrocatalysts,integrating the advantages of individual components of catalysts,are of great importance to achieve efficient electroreduction of small molecules via activation of inert bonds and multistep transformation.In this review,some basic issues in the electroreduction of small molecules including CO2,N2,and NO3−are briefly introduced.We then discuss our fundamental understanding of the rule of interaction in multicomponent electrocatalysts,and summarize three models for multicomponent catalysts,including type I,“a non-catalytically active component can activate or protect another catalytic component”;type II,“all catalytic components provide active intermediates for electrochemical conversion”;and type III,“one component provides the substrate for the other through conversion or adsorption”.Additionally,an outlook was considered to highlight the future directions of multicomponent electrocatalysts toward industrial applications.
