To solve the inaccuracy problem caused by the two existing methods (averageend-area method and prismoidal method) used for the calculation of roadway earthwork volume, thispaper puts forward a new concept of the 3-dim...To solve the inaccuracy problem caused by the two existing methods (averageend-area method and prismoidal method) used for the calculation of roadway earthwork volume, thispaper puts forward a new concept of the 3-dimensional algorithm that takes all the roadway geometricdesign procedures as a kind of geometrical operation between the ground model (original terrainmodel) and the roadway model (designed model) under certain constraints, and then presents acomplete 3-dimensional algorithm of roadway earthwork volume as well as its executable computerprogram. The algorithm benefits from the re-triangulation technique of constrained delaunaytriangulation (CDT), which can yield a true volume value theoretically. Through a number ofpractical testscovering varied intervals between adjacent cross sections, it is proven to possess ahigher accuracy compared with that of traditional methods. All the work involved in this paperindicates that the 3-dimensional calculation of roadway earthwork volumeis feasible, more accurateand should have further application in practice.展开更多
Due to the complexity of earthwork allocation system for the construction of high concrete face rockfill dam,traditional allocation and planning are not able to function properly in the construction process with stron...Due to the complexity of earthwork allocation system for the construction of high concrete face rockfill dam,traditional allocation and planning are not able to function properly in the construction process with strong randomness.In this paper,the working mechanism of earthwork dynamic allocation system is analyzed comprehensively and a solution to fuzzy earthwork dynamic allocation is proposed on the basis of uncertain factors in the earthwork allocation of a hydropower project.Under the premise of actual situation and the experience of the construction site,an all-coefficient-fuzzy linear programming mathematical model with fuzzy parameters and constraints for earthwork allocation is established according to the structure unit weighted ranking criteria.In this way,the deficiency of certain allocation model can be overcome.The application results indicate that the proposed method is more rational compared with traditional earthwork allocation.展开更多
For solving the optimization model of earthwork allocation considering non-linear factors,a hybrid algorithm combined with the ant algorithm(AA)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)is proposed in this paper.Then the pr...For solving the optimization model of earthwork allocation considering non-linear factors,a hybrid algorithm combined with the ant algorithm(AA)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)is proposed in this paper.Then the proposed method and the LP method are used respectively in solving a linear allocation model of a high rockfill dam project.Results obtained by these two methods are compared each other.It can be concluded that the solution got by the proposed method is extremely approximate to the analytic solution of LP method.The superiority of the proposed method over the LP method in solving a non-linear allocation model is illustrated by a non-linear case.Moreover,further researches on improvement of the algorithm and the allocation model are addressed.展开更多
The pouring of mass concrete and earthwork account for a large proportion in building construction,which can play a decisive role in the quality of the building.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the technology o...The pouring of mass concrete and earthwork account for a large proportion in building construction,which can play a decisive role in the quality of the building.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the technology of earthwork and concrete engineering in the process of building construction and propose reasonable application strategies.展开更多
The effective construction and development of water conservancy projects can promote the further development of Chinas industry and agriculture, and can also improve the utilization effect of water resources, improve ...The effective construction and development of water conservancy projects can promote the further development of Chinas industry and agriculture, and can also improve the utilization effect of water resources, improve peoples daily life quality, and promote the social and economic development. Earthwork construction of water conservancy project involves many content links, and the earthwork construction environment has a certain complex diversity, and the quality of earthwork construction can directly affect the overall construction level of water conservancy project. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the attention to the earthwork construction of water conservancy projects, understand the construction principles and construction key points, and reasonably use the earthwork filling construction technology according to the actual situation of the project, so as to improve the construction quality and promote the stable construction and long-term development of water conservancy projects. This paper analyzes the earthwork filling construction technology in the construction of water conservancy projects, and puts forward some suggestions for reference.展开更多
Society is progressing, economy is developing and urbanization is accelerating. In a sense, the acceleration of urbanization will lead to some changes in land resources, so that more land can be better used for urban ...Society is progressing, economy is developing and urbanization is accelerating. In a sense, the acceleration of urbanization will lead to some changes in land resources, so that more land can be better used for urban construction. The practice has proved that in the actual construction of the earth filling survey, the earth filling amount and excavation amount are well calculated, which is of guiding significance for the urban planning. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the value of land resources is constantly improving, so higher requirements are put forward for the accuracy of earthwork measurement itself. In order to ensure the effective use of land resources, corresponding measures must be taken to control the quality of earthwork measurement under the new situation.展开更多
Earthwork productivity analysis is essential for successful construction projects.If productivity analysis results can be accessed anytime and anywhere,then project management can be performed more efficiently.To this...Earthwork productivity analysis is essential for successful construction projects.If productivity analysis results can be accessed anytime and anywhere,then project management can be performed more efficiently.To this end,this paper proposes an earthwork productivity monitoring framework via a real-time scene updating multi-vision platform.The framework consists of four main processes:1)site-optimized database development;2)real-time monitoring model updating;3)multi-vision productivity monitoring;and 4)web-based monitoring platform for Internetconnected devices.The experimental results demonstrated satisfactory performance,with an average macro F1-score of 87.3%for continuous site-specific monitoring,an average accuracy of 86.2%for activity recognition,and the successful operation of multi-vision productivity monitoring through a web-based platform in real time.The findings can contribute to supporting site managers to understand real-time earthmoving operations while achieving better construction project and information management.展开更多
Large-scale machinery operated in a coordinat-ed manner in earthworks for mining constitutes high safety risks.Efficient scheduling of such machinery,factoring in safety constraints,could save time and significantly i...Large-scale machinery operated in a coordinat-ed manner in earthworks for mining constitutes high safety risks.Efficient scheduling of such machinery,factoring in safety constraints,could save time and significantly improve the overall safety.This paper develops a model of automated equipment scheduling in mining earthworks and presents a scheduling algorithm based on deep rein-forcement learning with spatio-temporal safety constraints.The algorithm not only performed well on safety parame-ters,but also outperformed randomized instances of various sizes set against real mining applications.Further,the study reveals that responsiveness to spatio-temporal safety constraints noticeably increases as the scheduling size increases.This method provides important noticeable improvements to safe automated scheduling in mining.展开更多
Roadway design usually involves choices regarding grade selection and earthwork (transportation) that can be solved using linear programming. Previous work considered the road profile as series of interconnected linea...Roadway design usually involves choices regarding grade selection and earthwork (transportation) that can be solved using linear programming. Previous work considered the road profile as series of interconnected linear segments. In these models, constraints are included in the linear programming formulation to insure continuity of the road, which cause sharp connectivity points at the intersection of the linear segments. This sharp connectivity needs to be smoothed out after l;he linear programming solution is found and the earth in the smoothed portion of the roadway has to be moved to the landfill. In previous research, the smoothing issue is dealt with after an optimal solution is found. This increases the work required by the design engineer and consequently increases the construction cost; furthermore, the optimal solution is violated by this smoothing operation. In this paper, the issue of sharp connectivity points is resolved by representing the road profile by a quadratic function. The continuity constraints are dropped (unneeded) and global optimality is guaranteed. Moreover, no violation is incurred to implement the optimum results. Although a quadratic function is used to represent the road profile, the mathematical model is purely linear in nature.展开更多
Current research on Digital Twin(DT)is largely focused on the performance of built assets in their operational phases as well as on urban environment.However,Digital Twin has not been given enough attention to constru...Current research on Digital Twin(DT)is largely focused on the performance of built assets in their operational phases as well as on urban environment.However,Digital Twin has not been given enough attention to construction phases,for which this paper proposes a Digital Twin framework for the construction phase,develops a DT prototype and tests it for the use case of measuring the productivity and monitoring of earthwork operation.The DT framework and its prototype are underpinned by the principles of versatility,scalability,usability and automation to enable the DT to fulfil the requirements of large-sized earthwork projects and the dynamic nature of their operation.Cloud computing and dashboard visualisation were deployed to enable automated and repeatable data pipelines and data analytics at scale and to provide insights in near-real time.The testing of the DT prototype in a motorway project in the Northeast of England successfully demonstrated its ability to produce key insights by using the following approaches:(i)To predict equipment utilisation ratios and productivities;(ii)To detect the percentage of time spent on different tasks(i.e.,loading,hauling,dumping,returning or idling),the distance travelled by equipment over time and the speed distribution;and(iii)To visualise certain earthwork operations.展开更多
In view of the earthwork construction tions, and earthworks cannot be verified, using with long duration, heavy and complicated construction condivirtual reality technology to simulate the process of its construction....In view of the earthwork construction tions, and earthworks cannot be verified, using with long duration, heavy and complicated construction condivirtual reality technology to simulate the process of its construction. As a hydropower project for an example, the terrain model using AutoCAD and 3DS Max combination of building, equipment model in 3DS max using entity model building. In the transporting section, will be built in 3DS max key frame together with the model of import in the EON and set the parameters of the animation node; In digging scene, using multiple place nodes to control of the excavator digging operation ; Interaction part of the scene, using the built-in mouse node （Click Sensor） and keyboard nodes （Keyboard Sensor） implementation scenarios and user interaction. Research shows that through excellent virtual reality software EON to apply virtual reality technology in earthwork construction simulation stage, found possible quality problems and potential safety problems in engineering, through the simulation can be more perfect earthwork construction. Verified, earthwork construction of virtual real earthworks has certain guidance and reference value.展开更多
文摘To solve the inaccuracy problem caused by the two existing methods (averageend-area method and prismoidal method) used for the calculation of roadway earthwork volume, thispaper puts forward a new concept of the 3-dimensional algorithm that takes all the roadway geometricdesign procedures as a kind of geometrical operation between the ground model (original terrainmodel) and the roadway model (designed model) under certain constraints, and then presents acomplete 3-dimensional algorithm of roadway earthwork volume as well as its executable computerprogram. The algorithm benefits from the re-triangulation technique of constrained delaunaytriangulation (CDT), which can yield a true volume value theoretically. Through a number ofpractical testscovering varied intervals between adjacent cross sections, it is proven to possess ahigher accuracy compared with that of traditional methods. All the work involved in this paperindicates that the 3-dimensional calculation of roadway earthwork volumeis feasible, more accurateand should have further application in practice.
基金Supported by the Science Fund for Creative Research Groups of National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51021004)Tianjin Research Program of Application Foundation and Advanced Technology(No.12JCZDJC29200)National Key Technology R and D Program in the 12th Five-Year Plan of China(No.2011BAB10B06)
文摘Due to the complexity of earthwork allocation system for the construction of high concrete face rockfill dam,traditional allocation and planning are not able to function properly in the construction process with strong randomness.In this paper,the working mechanism of earthwork dynamic allocation system is analyzed comprehensively and a solution to fuzzy earthwork dynamic allocation is proposed on the basis of uncertain factors in the earthwork allocation of a hydropower project.Under the premise of actual situation and the experience of the construction site,an all-coefficient-fuzzy linear programming mathematical model with fuzzy parameters and constraints for earthwork allocation is established according to the structure unit weighted ranking criteria.In this way,the deficiency of certain allocation model can be overcome.The application results indicate that the proposed method is more rational compared with traditional earthwork allocation.
文摘For solving the optimization model of earthwork allocation considering non-linear factors,a hybrid algorithm combined with the ant algorithm(AA)and particle swarm optimization(PSO)is proposed in this paper.Then the proposed method and the LP method are used respectively in solving a linear allocation model of a high rockfill dam project.Results obtained by these two methods are compared each other.It can be concluded that the solution got by the proposed method is extremely approximate to the analytic solution of LP method.The superiority of the proposed method over the LP method in solving a non-linear allocation model is illustrated by a non-linear case.Moreover,further researches on improvement of the algorithm and the allocation model are addressed.
文摘The pouring of mass concrete and earthwork account for a large proportion in building construction,which can play a decisive role in the quality of the building.Therefore,it is necessary to understand the technology of earthwork and concrete engineering in the process of building construction and propose reasonable application strategies.
文摘The effective construction and development of water conservancy projects can promote the further development of Chinas industry and agriculture, and can also improve the utilization effect of water resources, improve peoples daily life quality, and promote the social and economic development. Earthwork construction of water conservancy project involves many content links, and the earthwork construction environment has a certain complex diversity, and the quality of earthwork construction can directly affect the overall construction level of water conservancy project. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the attention to the earthwork construction of water conservancy projects, understand the construction principles and construction key points, and reasonably use the earthwork filling construction technology according to the actual situation of the project, so as to improve the construction quality and promote the stable construction and long-term development of water conservancy projects. This paper analyzes the earthwork filling construction technology in the construction of water conservancy projects, and puts forward some suggestions for reference.
文摘Society is progressing, economy is developing and urbanization is accelerating. In a sense, the acceleration of urbanization will lead to some changes in land resources, so that more land can be better used for urban construction. The practice has proved that in the actual construction of the earth filling survey, the earth filling amount and excavation amount are well calculated, which is of guiding significance for the urban planning. With the acceleration of the urbanization process, the value of land resources is constantly improving, so higher requirements are put forward for the accuracy of earthwork measurement itself. In order to ensure the effective use of land resources, corresponding measures must be taken to control the quality of earthwork measurement under the new situation.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(Nos.RS-2023-00241758,2021R1A2C2003696,and RS-2024-00334513).
文摘Earthwork productivity analysis is essential for successful construction projects.If productivity analysis results can be accessed anytime and anywhere,then project management can be performed more efficiently.To this end,this paper proposes an earthwork productivity monitoring framework via a real-time scene updating multi-vision platform.The framework consists of four main processes:1)site-optimized database development;2)real-time monitoring model updating;3)multi-vision productivity monitoring;and 4)web-based monitoring platform for Internetconnected devices.The experimental results demonstrated satisfactory performance,with an average macro F1-score of 87.3%for continuous site-specific monitoring,an average accuracy of 86.2%for activity recognition,and the successful operation of multi-vision productivity monitoring through a web-based platform in real time.The findings can contribute to supporting site managers to understand real-time earthmoving operations while achieving better construction project and information management.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.72171092,52192664 and 71821001)Natural Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hubei Province,China(Grant No.2021CFA091).
文摘Large-scale machinery operated in a coordinat-ed manner in earthworks for mining constitutes high safety risks.Efficient scheduling of such machinery,factoring in safety constraints,could save time and significantly improve the overall safety.This paper develops a model of automated equipment scheduling in mining earthworks and presents a scheduling algorithm based on deep rein-forcement learning with spatio-temporal safety constraints.The algorithm not only performed well on safety parame-ters,but also outperformed randomized instances of various sizes set against real mining applications.Further,the study reveals that responsiveness to spatio-temporal safety constraints noticeably increases as the scheduling size increases.This method provides important noticeable improvements to safe automated scheduling in mining.
文摘Roadway design usually involves choices regarding grade selection and earthwork (transportation) that can be solved using linear programming. Previous work considered the road profile as series of interconnected linear segments. In these models, constraints are included in the linear programming formulation to insure continuity of the road, which cause sharp connectivity points at the intersection of the linear segments. This sharp connectivity needs to be smoothed out after l;he linear programming solution is found and the earth in the smoothed portion of the roadway has to be moved to the landfill. In previous research, the smoothing issue is dealt with after an optimal solution is found. This increases the work required by the design engineer and consequently increases the construction cost; furthermore, the optimal solution is violated by this smoothing operation. In this paper, the issue of sharp connectivity points is resolved by representing the road profile by a quadratic function. The continuity constraints are dropped (unneeded) and global optimality is guaranteed. Moreover, no violation is incurred to implement the optimum results. Although a quadratic function is used to represent the road profile, the mathematical model is purely linear in nature.
基金supported by UKRI Innovate UK (Project number:44584,Project Title AI-driven and real-time command and control centre for site equipment in infrastructure projectsProject number,Funding body:UKRI Innovate UK,United Kingdom)under the‘Increase productivity,performance and quality in UK construction’competition.
文摘Current research on Digital Twin(DT)is largely focused on the performance of built assets in their operational phases as well as on urban environment.However,Digital Twin has not been given enough attention to construction phases,for which this paper proposes a Digital Twin framework for the construction phase,develops a DT prototype and tests it for the use case of measuring the productivity and monitoring of earthwork operation.The DT framework and its prototype are underpinned by the principles of versatility,scalability,usability and automation to enable the DT to fulfil the requirements of large-sized earthwork projects and the dynamic nature of their operation.Cloud computing and dashboard visualisation were deployed to enable automated and repeatable data pipelines and data analytics at scale and to provide insights in near-real time.The testing of the DT prototype in a motorway project in the Northeast of England successfully demonstrated its ability to produce key insights by using the following approaches:(i)To predict equipment utilisation ratios and productivities;(ii)To detect the percentage of time spent on different tasks(i.e.,loading,hauling,dumping,returning or idling),the distance travelled by equipment over time and the speed distribution;and(iii)To visualise certain earthwork operations.
基金supported by Special Project of Scientific Research of Education Department of Shaanxi Provincial Government under Grant No.11JK0967Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology Youth Fund No.1123
文摘In view of the earthwork construction tions, and earthworks cannot be verified, using with long duration, heavy and complicated construction condivirtual reality technology to simulate the process of its construction. As a hydropower project for an example, the terrain model using AutoCAD and 3DS Max combination of building, equipment model in 3DS max using entity model building. In the transporting section, will be built in 3DS max key frame together with the model of import in the EON and set the parameters of the animation node; In digging scene, using multiple place nodes to control of the excavator digging operation ; Interaction part of the scene, using the built-in mouse node （Click Sensor） and keyboard nodes （Keyboard Sensor） implementation scenarios and user interaction. Research shows that through excellent virtual reality software EON to apply virtual reality technology in earthwork construction simulation stage, found possible quality problems and potential safety problems in engineering, through the simulation can be more perfect earthwork construction. Verified, earthwork construction of virtual real earthworks has certain guidance and reference value.
