BACKGROUND： It has been shown that interleukin-1β（IL-1β） can induce fever by activating vascular endothelial cells and macrophages of the supraoptic crest to generate prostaglandin E2, which binds with receptors ...BACKGROUND： It has been shown that interleukin-1β（IL-1β） can induce fever by activating vascular endothelial cells and macrophages of the supraoptic crest to generate prostaglandin E2, which binds with receptors of the thermo-sensitive hypothalamic neurons. Lonicera japonica is one of the medicinal plants used widely in Asia for its antipyretic properties. However, these mechanisms have not yet been intensively studied. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the antipyretic effect and mechanisms of Lonicera japonica on IL-1β- induced febrile New Zealand rabbits by observing expression changes of E-type prostaglandin receptor-3 （EP3） mRNA in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus （POAH）. DESIGN： A randomized controlled study. SETTING： Electrophysiological Laboratory at the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Jinan University; Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Jinan University. MATERIALS： The experiment was performed from April to December 2005, using a total of 32 New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes, weighing 1.5 2.0 kg. All the animal experiments were performed according to the internationally accepted ethical guidelines. Lonicera japonica injection was purchased from Huanghe pharmaceutical factory of Xi＇an, China. IL-1βwas purchased from Sigma, USA. METHODS： A total of 32 rabbits were divided randomly into four groups： ① Normal saline （NS） control group;② Lonicerajaponica treatment group; ③ IL-1βtreatment group; and ④Lonicerajaponica plus IL-1βtreatment group. In the first 3 groups, the rabbits were given separate intravenous （i.v.） injections of l mL NS, l mL Lonicera japonica, and 100 ng IL-l β （dissolved in 0.9% NS without pyrogen）. In the Lonicerajaponica plus IL-1βgroup each rabbit was given i.v. injections of l mL NS and, 30 minutes later, 100 ng IL-1 β. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Colonic temperature of each rabbit was measured at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 minutes after injection and the maximum temperature rise （ A T） and the temperature response index after l hour （TRII） was calculated. Subsequently, in situ hybridization （ISH） was done with an ISH kit, EP3 mRNA expression in the POAH of all groups was measured （number of positive cells and average gray scale value）. RESULTS： A total of 32 rabbits were included in the result analysis, without any loss, （i） A T and TRII： there was no significant difference between the Lonicera japonica group and NS group （P 〉 0.05）. The IL-1β group was significantly greater compared to NS group （P 〈 0.01）. The Lonicera japonica plus IL-1β group was significantly less than the IL-1β group （P 〈 0.05）. ② In the NS and Lonicera japonica groups, the EP3 mRNA expression was negative （no coloration） or only weakly positive （only a few brown yellow particles in the cytoplasm cells could not be identified）. The number of positive cells and the average gray scale value were not significantly different between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. In the IL-1β group, the number of positive cells was remarkably higher and the average gray scale value was lower than the NS group （P 〈 0.0 l）. In the Lonicera japonica plus IL-1β group, the number of positive cells was significantly less than the IL-1β group （P 〈 0.05）. However, the average gray scale value was greater than the IL-1β group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Lonicera japonica has obvious antipyretic effects on IL-1β-induced febrile rabbits and acts by inhibiting expression of EP3 mRNA in the POAH.展开更多
传统双向E型无线电能传输(wireless power transfer,WPT)拓扑易进入硬开关状态,导致电能传输效率低。针对此,该文提出无线电能传输系统的改进E^(#)型拓扑及其移相控制策略。首先,构建软开关状态负载范围更宽的双向E^(#)型WPT电路拓扑数...传统双向E型无线电能传输(wireless power transfer,WPT)拓扑易进入硬开关状态,导致电能传输效率低。针对此,该文提出无线电能传输系统的改进E^(#)型拓扑及其移相控制策略。首先,构建软开关状态负载范围更宽的双向E^(#)型WPT电路拓扑数学模型,分析并提取电路实现软开关工作状态的关键变量与约束条件,理论上证明所提拓扑的有效性。然后,推导电路中线圈互感和负载阻抗等参数的解析关系式,并基于此提出可保证系统在负载时始终处于最佳工作状态的移相控制策略。该策略通过控制开关管的门极驱动信号相位,使谐振元件内部储存的能量提前或者滞后释放,从而将开关管修正回软开关状态。最后,通过仿真和实验验证所提双向E^(#)型WPT系统的有效性。实验结果表明,所提方法可保证在5~30Ω的负载范围内电路工作在软开关状态,该范围内的电能传输效率峰值达84.3%。展开更多
目的研究奥马珠单抗对变应性鼻炎患者血清辅助性T淋巴细胞、辅助性T细胞1型(T-helper cell type 1,Th1)/辅助性T细胞2型(T-helper cell type 2,Th2)、细胞炎症因子及病情控制的作用效果。方法选取2021年3月至2022年1月杭州市萧山区中医...目的研究奥马珠单抗对变应性鼻炎患者血清辅助性T淋巴细胞、辅助性T细胞1型(T-helper cell type 1,Th1)/辅助性T细胞2型(T-helper cell type 2,Th2)、细胞炎症因子及病情控制的作用效果。方法选取2021年3月至2022年1月杭州市萧山区中医院收治的86例变应性鼻炎患者,按单盲随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组患者接受常规药物治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上联合奥马珠单抗治疗。对比两组患者的鼻症状评分、临床疗效、病情控制效果、相关症状评分、Th1/Th2、血清学指标及不良反应。随访2年,记录患者的复发情况。结果两组患者治疗后的打喷嚏、鼻塞、流涕、鼻痒症状评分及视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、鼻结膜炎生活质量调查问卷(rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire,RQLQ)、血清免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin E,IgE)、白细胞介素-4、Th2水平及复发率均低于治疗前,且观察组均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者的哮喘控制测试(asthma control test,ACT)评分及Th1、Th1/Th2、γ干扰素(gamma interferon,IFN-γ)水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后观察组患者的总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论奥马珠单抗可改善变应性鼻炎患者的鼻症状与生活质量,调节Th1/Th2平衡,减轻炎症反应,降低血清IgE水平,病情控制效果确切,安全可靠,且远期预后良好。展开更多
基金Grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China, No. 39600061National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No.2003LHR13+3 种基金Medical Science Foundation of Guangdong Province, No. A2004327, A2006334the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong, No. 04010443, 06105246 Administration Bureau of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangdong Province, No.1040074Technology Bureau of Guangzhou, No. 2007J1-C0041
文摘BACKGROUND： It has been shown that interleukin-1β（IL-1β） can induce fever by activating vascular endothelial cells and macrophages of the supraoptic crest to generate prostaglandin E2, which binds with receptors of the thermo-sensitive hypothalamic neurons. Lonicera japonica is one of the medicinal plants used widely in Asia for its antipyretic properties. However, these mechanisms have not yet been intensively studied. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the antipyretic effect and mechanisms of Lonicera japonica on IL-1β- induced febrile New Zealand rabbits by observing expression changes of E-type prostaglandin receptor-3 （EP3） mRNA in the preoptic anterior hypothalamus （POAH）. DESIGN： A randomized controlled study. SETTING： Electrophysiological Laboratory at the Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Jinan University; Department of Orthopaedics, First Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Jinan University. MATERIALS： The experiment was performed from April to December 2005, using a total of 32 New Zealand white rabbits of both sexes, weighing 1.5 2.0 kg. All the animal experiments were performed according to the internationally accepted ethical guidelines. Lonicera japonica injection was purchased from Huanghe pharmaceutical factory of Xi＇an, China. IL-1βwas purchased from Sigma, USA. METHODS： A total of 32 rabbits were divided randomly into four groups： ① Normal saline （NS） control group;② Lonicerajaponica treatment group; ③ IL-1βtreatment group; and ④Lonicerajaponica plus IL-1βtreatment group. In the first 3 groups, the rabbits were given separate intravenous （i.v.） injections of l mL NS, l mL Lonicera japonica, and 100 ng IL-l β （dissolved in 0.9% NS without pyrogen）. In the Lonicerajaponica plus IL-1βgroup each rabbit was given i.v. injections of l mL NS and, 30 minutes later, 100 ng IL-1 β. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Colonic temperature of each rabbit was measured at 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, and 70 minutes after injection and the maximum temperature rise （ A T） and the temperature response index after l hour （TRII） was calculated. Subsequently, in situ hybridization （ISH） was done with an ISH kit, EP3 mRNA expression in the POAH of all groups was measured （number of positive cells and average gray scale value）. RESULTS： A total of 32 rabbits were included in the result analysis, without any loss, （i） A T and TRII： there was no significant difference between the Lonicera japonica group and NS group （P 〉 0.05）. The IL-1β group was significantly greater compared to NS group （P 〈 0.01）. The Lonicera japonica plus IL-1β group was significantly less than the IL-1β group （P 〈 0.05）. ② In the NS and Lonicera japonica groups, the EP3 mRNA expression was negative （no coloration） or only weakly positive （only a few brown yellow particles in the cytoplasm cells could not be identified）. The number of positive cells and the average gray scale value were not significantly different between the two groups （P 〉 0.05）. In the IL-1β group, the number of positive cells was remarkably higher and the average gray scale value was lower than the NS group （P 〈 0.0 l）. In the Lonicera japonica plus IL-1β group, the number of positive cells was significantly less than the IL-1β group （P 〈 0.05）. However, the average gray scale value was greater than the IL-1β group （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Lonicera japonica has obvious antipyretic effects on IL-1β-induced febrile rabbits and acts by inhibiting expression of EP3 mRNA in the POAH.
文摘传统双向E型无线电能传输(wireless power transfer,WPT)拓扑易进入硬开关状态,导致电能传输效率低。针对此,该文提出无线电能传输系统的改进E^(#)型拓扑及其移相控制策略。首先,构建软开关状态负载范围更宽的双向E^(#)型WPT电路拓扑数学模型,分析并提取电路实现软开关工作状态的关键变量与约束条件,理论上证明所提拓扑的有效性。然后,推导电路中线圈互感和负载阻抗等参数的解析关系式,并基于此提出可保证系统在负载时始终处于最佳工作状态的移相控制策略。该策略通过控制开关管的门极驱动信号相位,使谐振元件内部储存的能量提前或者滞后释放,从而将开关管修正回软开关状态。最后,通过仿真和实验验证所提双向E^(#)型WPT系统的有效性。实验结果表明,所提方法可保证在5~30Ω的负载范围内电路工作在软开关状态,该范围内的电能传输效率峰值达84.3%。
文摘目的研究奥马珠单抗对变应性鼻炎患者血清辅助性T淋巴细胞、辅助性T细胞1型(T-helper cell type 1,Th1)/辅助性T细胞2型(T-helper cell type 2,Th2)、细胞炎症因子及病情控制的作用效果。方法选取2021年3月至2022年1月杭州市萧山区中医院收治的86例变应性鼻炎患者,按单盲随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组43例。对照组患者接受常规药物治疗,观察组患者在对照组的基础上联合奥马珠单抗治疗。对比两组患者的鼻症状评分、临床疗效、病情控制效果、相关症状评分、Th1/Th2、血清学指标及不良反应。随访2年,记录患者的复发情况。结果两组患者治疗后的打喷嚏、鼻塞、流涕、鼻痒症状评分及视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)、鼻结膜炎生活质量调查问卷(rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire,RQLQ)、血清免疫球蛋白E(immunoglobulin E,IgE)、白细胞介素-4、Th2水平及复发率均低于治疗前,且观察组均低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后,两组患者的哮喘控制测试(asthma control test,ACT)评分及Th1、Th1/Th2、γ干扰素(gamma interferon,IFN-γ)水平均较治疗前升高,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05),治疗后观察组患者的总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。结论奥马珠单抗可改善变应性鼻炎患者的鼻症状与生活质量,调节Th1/Th2平衡,减轻炎症反应,降低血清IgE水平,病情控制效果确切,安全可靠,且远期预后良好。
