BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly,significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions,psychological well-being,and quality of life.Effective interventions are essential t...BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly,significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions,psychological well-being,and quality of life.Effective interventions are essential to mitigate these adverse effects and enhance overall health outcomes in this population.AIM To evaluate the effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on frailty,cognitive function,psychological status,and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 130 patients with cognitive frailty and depression admitted between December 2021 and December 2023.Patients were divided into a control group receiving routine intervention and an observation group undergoing exercise-cognitive dual-task training in addition to routine care.Frailty,cognitive function,balance and gait,psychological status,and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS After the intervention,the frailty score of the observation group was(5.32±0.69),lower than that of the control group(5.71±0.55).The Montreal cognitive assessment basic scale score in the observation group was(24.06±0.99),higher than the control group(23.43±1.40).The performance oriented mobility assessment score in the observation group was(21.81±1.24),higher than the control group(21.15±1.26).The self-efficacy in the observation group was(28.27±2.66),higher than the control group(30.05±2.66).The anxiety score in the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)for the observation group was(5.86±0.68),lower than the control group(6.21±0.64).The depression score in the HADS for the observation group was(5.67±0.75),lower than the control group(6.27±0.92).Additionally,the scores for each dimension of the 36-item short form survey in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Exercise-cognitive dual-task training is beneficial for improving frailty,enhancing cognitive function,and improving psychological status and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.展开更多
In daily functional activities,the body needs the ability to perform two or more tasks at the same time(such as talking while walking).However,the gait disorder of patients with Parkinson's disease is aggravated w...In daily functional activities,the body needs the ability to perform two or more tasks at the same time(such as talking while walking).However,the gait disorder of patients with Parkinson's disease is aggravated when performing dual tasks,which seriously affects their quality of life.Therefore,the medical management plan should offer effective exercise training programming to improve Parkinson's disease patients'ability to perform dual tasks.Most traditional exercise intervention methods only focus on the perspective of exercise or cognition,ignoring their interaction,and fail to adequately resolve the dual task obstacles associated with Parkinson's disease.Some scholars put forward the concept of dual-task training and have applied dual-task training to pa-tients with neurological disorders and have achieved good therapeutic effects.Therefore,this article summarizes the research literature concerning dual-task training to improve cognitive impairment and walking function of Parkinson's disease patients,to evaluate and discuss possible mechanisms of action,and provide a basis for adjuvant treatment and rehabilitation of Parkinson's disease patients.展开更多
Background Although previous studies have examined the effects of exercise training on other International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)component levels in persons with multiple sclerosis(MS...Background Although previous studies have examined the effects of exercise training on other International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)component levels in persons with multiple sclerosis(MS),the effects of exercise training on participation remain unclear.The objectives of this review were to:(1)characterize systematically the use of outcome measures that capture participation in exercise training studies;(2)quantify the effect of exercise training on participation in persons with MS.Methods A search of 6 electronic databases(CINAHL,SPORTDiscuss,Embase,MEDLINE,Cochrane Central,and Scopus)was conducted to identify controlled and noncontrolled trials involving exercise training and participation in persons with MS.Search strings were built from Medical Subject Headings and CINAHL headings.ICF linking rules were used to identify participation chapters and categories captured.Meta-analysis was used to quantify the effect of exercise training on participation in randomized controlled trials comparing exercise effects to no intervention/usual care.Results We included 49 articles involving controlled and noncontrolled exercise trials in the systematic review of outcome measures.We captured 16 different outcome measures that captured all 9 participation chapters and identified 89 unique participation categories.Across these 16 outcome measures,mobility was the most commonly represented participation chapter,with 108 items.A subsample of 23 randomized controlled trials was included in the meta-analysis.An overall effect of 0.60(standard error=0.12,95%confidence interval:0.36-0.84,z=4.9,p<0.001)was calculated,indicating a moderate,positive effect of exercise training on participation.Conclusion The current review provides information that can be used to guide the selection of outcome measures that capture participation in studies of exercise training in persons with MS.Exercise training has a positive effect on outcomes that capture participation,providing further evidence for the role of exercise training in promoting and maintaining engagement in everyday life.展开更多
The design of diabetes inpatient educational preparation should be based on the needs of the nurses involved in terms of skills in this area. The objective of this qualitative study is to identify the preparatory need...The design of diabetes inpatient educational preparation should be based on the needs of the nurses involved in terms of skills in this area. The objective of this qualitative study is to identify the preparatory needs of nurses working in the medical and surgical units of a Lebanese hospital in terms of Survival Skills Education for Hospitalized Diabetic Patients (SSEHDP). Method: The focus group method is used for data collection using a semi-structured interview guide. The needs expressed by the thirty-two participating nurses were classified into categories of the competency framework for providing self-management education to diabetic patients proposed by the American Diabetes Association. Results: By focusing on the themes of an SSEHDP, a list of preparatory needs was drawn up. The needs identified and analyzed are then translated into general and specific learning objectives for educational preparation. Conclusion: The needs analysis is only the first step in a work that will ideally continue into the implementation and eventual evaluation of an educational program developed to help nurses acquire skills in the education of diabetic patients.展开更多
Digital twin technology brings more opportunities and challenges to chemical engineering in both academic and industry.A complex process could have multiple digitalization needs,including simulation,monitoring,operato...Digital twin technology brings more opportunities and challenges to chemical engineering in both academic and industry.A complex process could have multiple digitalization needs,including simulation,monitoring,operator training,etc.;thus,a hierarchical digital twin would be a comprehensive solution to that.In this study,a novel and general framework of the digital twin is proposed for operations in process industry.With the hierarchical structure,the framework can handle various tasks driven by different roles in process industry,including managers,engineers,and operators.To complete these tasks,the framework consists of three modules:OAS(Operation Analysis System),OMS(Operation Monitoring System),and OTS(Operator Training System).Each module focuses on one unique type of demand from the staff,as well as interactions among them enabling efficient data sharing.Based on the hierarchical framework,a digital twin system is applied for one complex industrial nitration process,which successfully enhances the operation efficiency and safety in several industrial scenarios with different demands.展开更多
In recent years,reinforcement learning-based aerial combat strategy design has shown significant advantages in decision-making efficiency and flexibility.However,improper opponent strategy selection during training ma...In recent years,reinforcement learning-based aerial combat strategy design has shown significant advantages in decision-making efficiency and flexibility.However,improper opponent strategy selection during training may hinder the agent's ability to handle diverse and complex scenarios,reducing the generalization and performance of its strategies.To address this,this paper proposes"IOS-RAFS",a framework that dynamically adjusts opponent levels at different stages to provide a more diverse and adaptive environment.In the IOS-RAFS training framework,IOS refers to intelligent opponent selection,RA represents the"Rule-AI"dual strategy libraries,which are established to enhance the flexibility and diversity of opponent strategies,and FS represents a fuzzy logic-based method for switching between opponent strategy libraries,periodically selecting the strategy library for the next training phase based on training trends and model performance.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through comparisons with the landmark methods in aerial combat,namely,the genetic fuzzy tree(GFT)algorithm and the expert-designed weapon engagement zones(WEZs)algorithm,demonstrating a significant improvement in rewards and achieving a win rate of at least 82.3%.展开更多
文摘BACKGROUND Cognitive frailty and depression are prevalent among the elderly,significantly impairing physical and cognitive functions,psychological well-being,and quality of life.Effective interventions are essential to mitigate these adverse effects and enhance overall health outcomes in this population.AIM To evaluate the effects of exercise-cognitive dual-task training on frailty,cognitive function,psychological status,and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.METHODS A retrospective study was conducted on 130 patients with cognitive frailty and depression admitted between December 2021 and December 2023.Patients were divided into a control group receiving routine intervention and an observation group undergoing exercise-cognitive dual-task training in addition to routine care.Frailty,cognitive function,balance and gait,psychological status,and quality of life were assessed before and after the intervention.RESULTS After the intervention,the frailty score of the observation group was(5.32±0.69),lower than that of the control group(5.71±0.55).The Montreal cognitive assessment basic scale score in the observation group was(24.06±0.99),higher than the control group(23.43±1.40).The performance oriented mobility assessment score in the observation group was(21.81±1.24),higher than the control group(21.15±1.26).The self-efficacy in the observation group was(28.27±2.66),higher than the control group(30.05±2.66).The anxiety score in the hospital anxiety and depression scale(HADS)for the observation group was(5.86±0.68),lower than the control group(6.21±0.64).The depression score in the HADS for the observation group was(5.67±0.75),lower than the control group(6.27±0.92).Additionally,the scores for each dimension of the 36-item short form survey in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).CONCLUSION Exercise-cognitive dual-task training is beneficial for improving frailty,enhancing cognitive function,and improving psychological status and quality of life in elderly patients with cognitive frailty and depression.
基金supported by National key R&D projects(2019YFF0301805)the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Dalian,China(ZX20180690).
文摘In daily functional activities,the body needs the ability to perform two or more tasks at the same time(such as talking while walking).However,the gait disorder of patients with Parkinson's disease is aggravated when performing dual tasks,which seriously affects their quality of life.Therefore,the medical management plan should offer effective exercise training programming to improve Parkinson's disease patients'ability to perform dual tasks.Most traditional exercise intervention methods only focus on the perspective of exercise or cognition,ignoring their interaction,and fail to adequately resolve the dual task obstacles associated with Parkinson's disease.Some scholars put forward the concept of dual-task training and have applied dual-task training to pa-tients with neurological disorders and have achieved good therapeutic effects.Therefore,this article summarizes the research literature concerning dual-task training to improve cognitive impairment and walking function of Parkinson's disease patients,to evaluate and discuss possible mechanisms of action,and provide a basis for adjuvant treatment and rehabilitation of Parkinson's disease patients.
基金provided by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Canada Graduate Scholarshipsthe Michael Smith Foreign Study Supplement program (Funding number:162728)
文摘Background Although previous studies have examined the effects of exercise training on other International Classification of Functioning,Disability and Health(ICF)component levels in persons with multiple sclerosis(MS),the effects of exercise training on participation remain unclear.The objectives of this review were to:(1)characterize systematically the use of outcome measures that capture participation in exercise training studies;(2)quantify the effect of exercise training on participation in persons with MS.Methods A search of 6 electronic databases(CINAHL,SPORTDiscuss,Embase,MEDLINE,Cochrane Central,and Scopus)was conducted to identify controlled and noncontrolled trials involving exercise training and participation in persons with MS.Search strings were built from Medical Subject Headings and CINAHL headings.ICF linking rules were used to identify participation chapters and categories captured.Meta-analysis was used to quantify the effect of exercise training on participation in randomized controlled trials comparing exercise effects to no intervention/usual care.Results We included 49 articles involving controlled and noncontrolled exercise trials in the systematic review of outcome measures.We captured 16 different outcome measures that captured all 9 participation chapters and identified 89 unique participation categories.Across these 16 outcome measures,mobility was the most commonly represented participation chapter,with 108 items.A subsample of 23 randomized controlled trials was included in the meta-analysis.An overall effect of 0.60(standard error=0.12,95%confidence interval:0.36-0.84,z=4.9,p<0.001)was calculated,indicating a moderate,positive effect of exercise training on participation.Conclusion The current review provides information that can be used to guide the selection of outcome measures that capture participation in studies of exercise training in persons with MS.Exercise training has a positive effect on outcomes that capture participation,providing further evidence for the role of exercise training in promoting and maintaining engagement in everyday life.
文摘The design of diabetes inpatient educational preparation should be based on the needs of the nurses involved in terms of skills in this area. The objective of this qualitative study is to identify the preparatory needs of nurses working in the medical and surgical units of a Lebanese hospital in terms of Survival Skills Education for Hospitalized Diabetic Patients (SSEHDP). Method: The focus group method is used for data collection using a semi-structured interview guide. The needs expressed by the thirty-two participating nurses were classified into categories of the competency framework for providing self-management education to diabetic patients proposed by the American Diabetes Association. Results: By focusing on the themes of an SSEHDP, a list of preparatory needs was drawn up. The needs identified and analyzed are then translated into general and specific learning objectives for educational preparation. Conclusion: The needs analysis is only the first step in a work that will ideally continue into the implementation and eventual evaluation of an educational program developed to help nurses acquire skills in the education of diabetic patients.
基金support of the“Pioneer”and“Leading Goose”Research&Development Program of Zhejiang(2024C01028)the State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology,China(ICT2024C04)are gratefully acknowledged.
文摘Digital twin technology brings more opportunities and challenges to chemical engineering in both academic and industry.A complex process could have multiple digitalization needs,including simulation,monitoring,operator training,etc.;thus,a hierarchical digital twin would be a comprehensive solution to that.In this study,a novel and general framework of the digital twin is proposed for operations in process industry.With the hierarchical structure,the framework can handle various tasks driven by different roles in process industry,including managers,engineers,and operators.To complete these tasks,the framework consists of three modules:OAS(Operation Analysis System),OMS(Operation Monitoring System),and OTS(Operator Training System).Each module focuses on one unique type of demand from the staff,as well as interactions among them enabling efficient data sharing.Based on the hierarchical framework,a digital twin system is applied for one complex industrial nitration process,which successfully enhances the operation efficiency and safety in several industrial scenarios with different demands.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62293513/62293510in part by the Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin under Grant 22JCZDCJ00810in part by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities
文摘In recent years,reinforcement learning-based aerial combat strategy design has shown significant advantages in decision-making efficiency and flexibility.However,improper opponent strategy selection during training may hinder the agent's ability to handle diverse and complex scenarios,reducing the generalization and performance of its strategies.To address this,this paper proposes"IOS-RAFS",a framework that dynamically adjusts opponent levels at different stages to provide a more diverse and adaptive environment.In the IOS-RAFS training framework,IOS refers to intelligent opponent selection,RA represents the"Rule-AI"dual strategy libraries,which are established to enhance the flexibility and diversity of opponent strategies,and FS represents a fuzzy logic-based method for switching between opponent strategy libraries,periodically selecting the strategy library for the next training phase based on training trends and model performance.Finally,the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm is validated through comparisons with the landmark methods in aerial combat,namely,the genetic fuzzy tree(GFT)algorithm and the expert-designed weapon engagement zones(WEZs)algorithm,demonstrating a significant improvement in rewards and achieving a win rate of at least 82.3%.
