Design review(DR)is a product development(PD)activity used to inspect the technical characteristics of a design solution.Immersive virtual reality(IVR)technology enables the presentation of spatial information and int...Design review(DR)is a product development(PD)activity used to inspect the technical characteristics of a design solution.Immersive virtual reality(IVR)technology enables the presentation of spatial information and interaction with 3D CAD models inside an immersive virtual environment(IVE).Such capabilities have shown the potential to mitigate the cognitive load needed for the visual perception of spatial information and,consequently,enhance design understanding and DR performance.Thus,an increasing number of studies have explored the effect of IVR technology on DR activities in different domains.However,determining when the implementation of IVR technology rather than a conventional user interface for DRs in mechanical engineering PD projects will be beneficial remains unclear.Hence,a conceptual DR experimental study was conducted to investigate the differences in the ability of engineering students to identify mechanisms and understand their functions when a design solution for a technical system is presented in an IVE by IVR technology and in a non-immersive virtual environment(nIVE)by a conventional user interface(monitor display,keyboard,and mouse).Data were collected by performing DR tasks and having participants complete a prior experience questionnaire,presence questionnaire,and mental rotations test.Findings of the study indicate that IVR does not support an enhanced ability of engineering students to identify mechanisms and understand their functions compared with a conventional user interface.展开更多
This paper examines the history of China’s machine design methods and its status quo. First of all, it discusses machine design methods in ancient China. (1)The design idea of creation by the intelligent and expositi...This paper examines the history of China’s machine design methods and its status quo. First of all, it discusses machine design methods in ancient China. (1)The design idea of creation by the intelligent and exposition by the ingenious. (2)The design principle of the dependence of workmanship on criteria. (3)A macroscopic view of the object of design. (4)The design method of manufacture emphasizing shape. (5)Technological requirements on excellent material and consummate skill. Second, it discusses machine design ideas in ancient China. (1)The system idea in machine design, (2)The idea of machine design.(3)The idea of standardization in machine design. (4)The idea of automation in machine design. Finally, it discusses the status quo and a look ahead of the theory of machine design in China.展开更多
目的对生成式人工智能辅助下文创设计方法的研究现状进行梳理与总结,探讨未来生成式人工智能辅助下文创设计方法的趋势。方法采用文献分析法、比较研究法、案例分析法等作为主要研究方法,通过对文创设计方法和生成式人工智能相关概念分...目的对生成式人工智能辅助下文创设计方法的研究现状进行梳理与总结,探讨未来生成式人工智能辅助下文创设计方法的趋势。方法采用文献分析法、比较研究法、案例分析法等作为主要研究方法,通过对文创设计方法和生成式人工智能相关概念分析,相关AI技术之间的功能差异与技术融合的分析,归纳总结生成式人工智能和文创设计方法之间的融合应用与局限,并选取中国知网CNKI数据库与Web of Science核心合集数据库中相关文献作为文献分析来源,对生成式人工智能介入文创设计的前期阶段、加工阶段和全流程3个方面的研究现状进行综述。结果在厘清生成式人工智能介入文创设计的现状基础上,总结生成式人工智能下文创设计方法3个方面的发展趋势,即文创设计方法的数智化、个性化、集成化。结论生成式人工智能可为文创设计方法带来具体方式、过程、内容3个方面的质效提升。随着生成式人工智能技术的不断发展,致力于文化服务的设计界亦有望迎来爆炸式创意时代,为文化提供更多创意与未来。展开更多
随着我国交通强国战略的深入实施,大跨度桥梁工程建设迎来了高质量发展新阶段。为进一步提升大跨度桥梁的建造技术,加速实现工程建造智能化转型,系统总结了近年来我国在勘察、设计、施工三大技术领域的最新研究进展。在地质勘察方面:传...随着我国交通强国战略的深入实施,大跨度桥梁工程建设迎来了高质量发展新阶段。为进一步提升大跨度桥梁的建造技术,加速实现工程建造智能化转型,系统总结了近年来我国在勘察、设计、施工三大技术领域的最新研究进展。在地质勘察方面:传统钻探、物探及综合物探法进一步发展为综合勘察技术体系,并实现了规模化工程应用;无人机航测、建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术等智能化手段的引入显著提高了勘察效率与安全性。在设计技术方面:可靠度设计理论、多灾害耦合作用下的桥梁设计、抗震与抗风设计等新理论与方法持续完善;斜拉、悬索及斜拉-悬索协作体系等结构形式得到了广泛应用,以张靖皋长江大桥为代表的一批重大工程在关键结构体系创新方面取得了突破,创造了多项世界纪录;基于深度学习算法的人工智能设计技术在实际工程应用中取得了重要进展。在施工技术方面:针对深水基础施工,成功研发了全液压动力头旋转钻机,创新性地采用了台阶型沉井基础、嵌入式设置沉井基础及超大直径钻孔桩等新型基础形式;针对索塔施工,采用全封闭抗风液压爬模技术,提出智能控制液压爬升提升机并研发智能控制系统等;针对钢桁梁、钢箱梁施工,提出新型顶推施工工艺、整体制造与架设工艺,并开发自动装配系统及机器人焊接技术等。然而,当前智能化建造技术研究仍存在若干亟待解决的问题,未来应进一步聚焦智能化勘察、基于人工智能技术的桥梁设计、智能化施工设备及自动化施工技术等方向,推动大跨度桥梁工程建造技术向更高效、更智能、更安全的方向发展。展开更多
基金This paper reports work funded by the Croatian Science Foundation project IP-2018-01-7269:Team Adaptability for Innovation-Oriented Product Development(http://www.taide.org).
文摘Design review(DR)is a product development(PD)activity used to inspect the technical characteristics of a design solution.Immersive virtual reality(IVR)technology enables the presentation of spatial information and interaction with 3D CAD models inside an immersive virtual environment(IVE).Such capabilities have shown the potential to mitigate the cognitive load needed for the visual perception of spatial information and,consequently,enhance design understanding and DR performance.Thus,an increasing number of studies have explored the effect of IVR technology on DR activities in different domains.However,determining when the implementation of IVR technology rather than a conventional user interface for DRs in mechanical engineering PD projects will be beneficial remains unclear.Hence,a conceptual DR experimental study was conducted to investigate the differences in the ability of engineering students to identify mechanisms and understand their functions when a design solution for a technical system is presented in an IVE by IVR technology and in a non-immersive virtual environment(nIVE)by a conventional user interface(monitor display,keyboard,and mouse).Data were collected by performing DR tasks and having participants complete a prior experience questionnaire,presence questionnaire,and mental rotations test.Findings of the study indicate that IVR does not support an enhanced ability of engineering students to identify mechanisms and understand their functions compared with a conventional user interface.
文摘This paper examines the history of China’s machine design methods and its status quo. First of all, it discusses machine design methods in ancient China. (1)The design idea of creation by the intelligent and exposition by the ingenious. (2)The design principle of the dependence of workmanship on criteria. (3)A macroscopic view of the object of design. (4)The design method of manufacture emphasizing shape. (5)Technological requirements on excellent material and consummate skill. Second, it discusses machine design ideas in ancient China. (1)The system idea in machine design, (2)The idea of machine design.(3)The idea of standardization in machine design. (4)The idea of automation in machine design. Finally, it discusses the status quo and a look ahead of the theory of machine design in China.
文摘目的对生成式人工智能辅助下文创设计方法的研究现状进行梳理与总结,探讨未来生成式人工智能辅助下文创设计方法的趋势。方法采用文献分析法、比较研究法、案例分析法等作为主要研究方法,通过对文创设计方法和生成式人工智能相关概念分析,相关AI技术之间的功能差异与技术融合的分析,归纳总结生成式人工智能和文创设计方法之间的融合应用与局限,并选取中国知网CNKI数据库与Web of Science核心合集数据库中相关文献作为文献分析来源,对生成式人工智能介入文创设计的前期阶段、加工阶段和全流程3个方面的研究现状进行综述。结果在厘清生成式人工智能介入文创设计的现状基础上,总结生成式人工智能下文创设计方法3个方面的发展趋势,即文创设计方法的数智化、个性化、集成化。结论生成式人工智能可为文创设计方法带来具体方式、过程、内容3个方面的质效提升。随着生成式人工智能技术的不断发展,致力于文化服务的设计界亦有望迎来爆炸式创意时代,为文化提供更多创意与未来。
文摘随着我国交通强国战略的深入实施,大跨度桥梁工程建设迎来了高质量发展新阶段。为进一步提升大跨度桥梁的建造技术,加速实现工程建造智能化转型,系统总结了近年来我国在勘察、设计、施工三大技术领域的最新研究进展。在地质勘察方面:传统钻探、物探及综合物探法进一步发展为综合勘察技术体系,并实现了规模化工程应用;无人机航测、建筑信息模型(building information modeling,BIM)技术等智能化手段的引入显著提高了勘察效率与安全性。在设计技术方面:可靠度设计理论、多灾害耦合作用下的桥梁设计、抗震与抗风设计等新理论与方法持续完善;斜拉、悬索及斜拉-悬索协作体系等结构形式得到了广泛应用,以张靖皋长江大桥为代表的一批重大工程在关键结构体系创新方面取得了突破,创造了多项世界纪录;基于深度学习算法的人工智能设计技术在实际工程应用中取得了重要进展。在施工技术方面:针对深水基础施工,成功研发了全液压动力头旋转钻机,创新性地采用了台阶型沉井基础、嵌入式设置沉井基础及超大直径钻孔桩等新型基础形式;针对索塔施工,采用全封闭抗风液压爬模技术,提出智能控制液压爬升提升机并研发智能控制系统等;针对钢桁梁、钢箱梁施工,提出新型顶推施工工艺、整体制造与架设工艺,并开发自动装配系统及机器人焊接技术等。然而,当前智能化建造技术研究仍存在若干亟待解决的问题,未来应进一步聚焦智能化勘察、基于人工智能技术的桥梁设计、智能化施工设备及自动化施工技术等方向,推动大跨度桥梁工程建造技术向更高效、更智能、更安全的方向发展。
