Under the background of resource shortage and global warming,it is of great significance to explore the status,influencing factors and carbon emission reduction effect of waste recycling in China after the implementat...Under the background of resource shortage and global warming,it is of great significance to explore the status,influencing factors and carbon emission reduction effect of waste recycling in China after the implementation of new waste classification policy for guiding waste classification and carbon emission accounting.In this research,the temporal and spatial changes and influencing factors of waste recycling were studied from subdistrict level,life-cycle carbon emission reduction was predicted and policy suggestions for waste recycling were proposed.The results showed that after the implementation of new waste classification policy,the amount of recycled waste and the proportion of low-value recycled waste increased by 420.93 t and 2.29%per month on average,respectively.The district center has the largest amount of recycled waste.Income was the main factors affecting waste recycling,and online shopping and takeout could become important sources of recyclable waste.Accounting cradle-to-grave life cycle carbon footprint,waste plastics takes up the most contribution,accounting for 39.11%,and nearly 391.68 Mt CO_(2eq) would be reduced by waste recycling in China by 2030.Therefore,in the process of waste classification,refining waste classification to increase the amount of low-value recyclables,and rationally deploying collection and transportation vehicles to ensure efficient waste recycling are of great significance to achieve the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”.展开更多
This study examines econometric relationships between bank lending and the business cycle in Turkey. Firstly, the cyclical components of the real GDP and real bank loans were determined using time series. A cointegrat...This study examines econometric relationships between bank lending and the business cycle in Turkey. Firstly, the cyclical components of the real GDP and real bank loans were determined using time series. A cointegration analysis and a vector error-correction model with quarterly data were used for period of 1987：01-2013：03. The results of cointegration analysis indicate that there is a single stable long-run equilibrium relationship between real bank loans and macroeconomic variables. The response of bank loans to GDP shocks is positive. Bank loans have pro-cyclical character in Turkey.展开更多
This paper aims to establish a comparison between both geomagnetic activity classification methods on foF2 diurnal variation over solar cycle phases. It concerns first a comparison of geomagnetic activity occurrences ...This paper aims to establish a comparison between both geomagnetic activity classification methods on foF2 diurnal variation over solar cycle phases. It concerns first a comparison of geomagnetic activity occurrences according to both classification methods;and second the geomagnetic effect on foF2 diurnal variation profiles as defined for the equatorial latitudes. The occurrences of the different disturbed geomagnetic activities (recurrent activity (RA), shock activity (SA) and fluctuant activity (FA)) according to both classifications (ancient classification (AC) and new classification (NC)) have been studied at Dakar ionosonde station (Lat: 14.8°N;Long: 342.6°E). Regarding both classifications, the RA occurs more during the decreasing phase. And it’s observed that the RA occurs the most during the increasing phase for the AC and during the minimum phase for the NC. The maximum gap of occurrence (<img src="Edit_e4627ea9-9a9a-4473-9017-202d04a16377.bmp" alt="" /><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) between both classifications is <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">11.1%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the negative value which is observed during the increasing phase) and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">+16.74%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the positive one which is observed during the decreasing phase). The occurrence of the SA in relation with both classifications is the lowest during the minimum phase and the maximum occurrence is observed during the maximum and decreasing phases, for the AC, with a value close to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">37%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and for the NC at the maximum phase with a percentage of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">54.47%</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The maximum gap of occurrence (</span><img src="Edit_20fa141b-ecee-4e06-8024-144ba0969395.bmp" alt="" /></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) between both classifications is <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">17.85%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the negative value which is observed at maximum phase) and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">+13.53%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the positive one which is observed during the decreasing phase). For both classifications, the FA occurs the least during the minimum phase and the most during the maximum phase for the AC and at maximum and decreasing phases with percentage values of occurrence of roughly </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">37%</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for the NC. The maximum gap of occurrence (</span><img src="Edit_eecb8939-783e-4d43-b92c-80c528c1890b.bmp" alt="" /><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) between both classifications is <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span></span>10% (for the negative value which is observed during the decreasing phase) and </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">+20.11%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the positive one which is observed during the maximum phase). foF2 diurnal profiles throughout solar cycle phases concerning the AC and the NC have been compared. The FA diurnal profiles don’t present a difference. The RA and the SA present a difference during minimum and increasing phases and the least at maximum and decreasing phases.</span></span></span>展开更多
＂Decoupling＂ refers to the divergence of business cycles among different countries, while ＂re-coupling＂ corresponds to the convergence or the synchronization of business cycles among different countries. The decou...＂Decoupling＂ refers to the divergence of business cycles among different countries, while ＂re-coupling＂ corresponds to the convergence or the synchronization of business cycles among different countries. The decoupling debate is popular in the field of economics, especially after global financial crisis. As trade integration increased among Asian countries, business cycle synchronization among these countries was expected to increase through trade transmission. The aim of this study is to discover whether there has been decoupling or convergence of business cycles through various trade channels. However, theoretically, increased trade can lead to business cycle synchronization either rising or falling. Inter-industry trade resulting in higher specification will induce less synchronized business cycles, while intra-industry trade could lead to increased business cycle synchronization. Thus, it is important to distinguish between intra- and inter-industry trade flows. Both correlation and dynamic factor models are utilized to study the evolution of global business cycle linkages. Results indicate that the world factor has become less important in explaining macroeconomic fluctuations from sub-period 1961-1984 to sub-period 1985-2007, while regional factors do not play an important role in explaining aggregate volatility, with the expectation of consumption. Overall, the explanatory power of country factors increases. Domestic consumption and domestic investment variances are more driven by country and idiosyncratic factors than by the world factor, contrary to the output growth fluctuations. Regional factors and country factors also play a more prominent role in explaining gross import fluctuations than in explaining gross exports. Results cast doubt on the strong forms of both the decoupling and the re-coupling hypothesis.展开更多
The rapid development of China’s automobile industry has brought ever-increasing impact on resources,energy and environment,the energy-saving and new energy vehicles come into being accordingly.This article firstly s...The rapid development of China’s automobile industry has brought ever-increasing impact on resources,energy and environment,the energy-saving and new energy vehicles come into being accordingly.This article firstly systematically introduces the technical route of energy-saving and new energy vehicles of China,focusing on the key bottleneck problems arising from the construction process of current assessment system of the technical route for energy-saving and new energy vehicles,establishes the energy-saving and new energy vehicle business model assessment index system afterward based on the comparative analysis on energy-saving and new energy vehicle business assessment model and the full life cycle theory,and finally makes prospects and forecasts on vital problems of system boundary,dynamic optimization,simulation system of full life cycle assessment of energy-saving and new energy vehicle.展开更多
In this article, we propose a novel, multilevel, dynamic factor model, to determine endogenously clustered regions for the investigation of regional clustering and synchronization of provincial business fluctuations i...In this article, we propose a novel, multilevel, dynamic factor model, to determine endogenously clustered regions for the investigation of regional clustering and synchronization of provincial business fluctuations in China. The parameter identification and model estimation was conducted using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. We then conducted an empirical study of the provincial business fluctuations in China(31 Chinese provinces are considered except Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan due to the data unavailability), which were sampled from January 2000 to December 2015. Our results indicated that these provinces could be clustered into four regions: leading, coincident, lagging, and overshooting. In comparison with traditional geographical divisions, this novel clustering into four regions enabled the regional business cycle synchronization to be more accurately captured. Within the four regional clusters it was possible to identify substantial heterogeneities among regional business cycle fluctuations, especially during the periods of the 2008 financial crisis and the ‘four-trillion economic stimulus plan'.展开更多
BACKGROUND with the widespread application of computer network systems in the medical field,the plan-do-check-action(PDCA)and the international classification of diseases tenth edition(ICD-10)coding system have also a...BACKGROUND with the widespread application of computer network systems in the medical field,the plan-do-check-action(PDCA)and the international classification of diseases tenth edition(ICD-10)coding system have also achieved favorable results in clinical medical record management.However,research on their combined application is relatively lacking.Objective:it was to explore the impact of network systems and PDCA management mode on ICD-10 encoding.Material and Method:a retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.AIM To study the adoption of network and PDCA in the ICD-10.METHODS A retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.RESULTS In the 3,6,12,18,and 24 months of PDCA cycle management mode,the coding accuracy and medical record completion rate were higher,and the coding time was lower in the observation group as against the controls(P<0.05).The satisfaction of coders(80.22%vs 53.45%)and patients(84.89%vs 51.72%)in the observation group was markedly higher as against the controls(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of computer networks and PDCA can improve the accuracy,efficiency,completion rate,and satisfaction of ICD-10 coding.展开更多
This paper aims to explore the relationship between logistics firm size and business diversification, especially in micro-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style=&quo...This paper aims to explore the relationship between logistics firm size and business diversification, especially in micro-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and small-sized enterprises, and assess the diversification process of Chongqing logistics enterprises using new data source. It is inte</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nded to contribute to theoretical research on diversification in the emerging logistics industry based on resource-based view (RBV) and factor production theory. We innovatively establish the logistics business classification system, then measure the degree and direction of diversification of lo</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">gistics enterprises based on mean narrow-spectrum diversification-based</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> product count methods. The empirically shows that there are a growing number of highly-diversified logistics enterprises in general, with an average annual increase of 14.23%. Especially after 2008, small and medium-sized enterprises developed towards r</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">elated diversification while micro-sized enterprises came to the opposite conclusion. For them, creating unrelated diversified business is a crucial way to generate a competitive advantage. Unlike the conclusions derived from other industries, small-sized logistics enterprises are prone to try a new business, both related and unrelated, for better survival and performance. And changes in the firm size of medium and large-sized enterprises have little impact on the development of the business diversification.展开更多
Developments in service oriented architecture (SOA) have taken us near to the once fictional dream of forming and running an online business, such commercial activity in which most or all of its commercial roles are o...Developments in service oriented architecture (SOA) have taken us near to the once fictional dream of forming and running an online business, such commercial activity in which most or all of its commercial roles are outsourced to online services. The novel concept of cloud computing gives a understanding of SOA in which Information Technology assets are provided as services that are extra flexible, inexpensive and striking to commercial activities. In this paper, we concisely study developments in concept of cloud computing, and debate the advantages of using cloud services for commercial activities and trade-offs that they have to consider. Further we presented a layered architecture for online business, and then we presented a conceptual architecture for complete online business working atmosphere. Moreover, we discuss the prospects and research experiments that are ahead of us in realizing the technical components of this conceptual architecture. We conclude by giving the outlook and impact of cloud services on both large and small businesses.展开更多
Classification,superimposed evolution and sedimentary filling of prototype basins are analyzed based on the Wilson cycle principle of plate theory,by dissecting the evolution history of 483 sedimentary basins around t...Classification,superimposed evolution and sedimentary filling of prototype basins are analyzed based on the Wilson cycle principle of plate theory,by dissecting the evolution history of 483 sedimentary basins around the world since the Pre-cambrian,combined with the three stress environments of tension,compression and shear.It is found that plate tectonic evo-lution controls the superimposed development process and petroleum-bearing conditions of the prototype basins in three as-pects:first,more than 85%of the sedimentary basins in the world are developed from the superimposed development of two or more prototype basins;second,the superposition evolution process of the prototype basin takes Wilson cycle as the cycle and cycles in a fixed trajectory repeatedly.In each stage of a cycle,a specific type of prototype basin can be formed;third,each prototype basin can form a unique tectonic-sedimentary system,which determines its unique source,reservoir,cap conditions etc.For hydrocarbon accumulation,the later superimposed prototype basin can change the oil and gas accumulation conditions of the earlier prototype basin,and may form new petroleum systems.Based on this,by defining the type of a current basin as its prototype basin formed by the latest plate tectonic movement,14 types of prototype basins can be classified in the world,namely,intracontinental growth rift,intr acontinental aborted rift,intercontinental rift,passive continental margin,interior craton,trench,fore-arc rift,ba ck-arc rift,back-arc de pression,back-arc small ocean,peri pheral foreland,back-arc foreland,strike-slip pull-apart,and strike-slip flexural basins.The classification scheme can ensure the uniqueness of the types of in di-vidual sedimentary basin,and make it possible to predict their oil and gas potential scientifically through analogy.展开更多
In reference to the method of the Conference Board,the coincident indexes for China are constructed from a sample period between January 1990 and May 2012 and by51 chosen component indicators.The resulting coincident ...In reference to the method of the Conference Board,the coincident indexes for China are constructed from a sample period between January 1990 and May 2012 and by51 chosen component indicators.The resulting coincident indexes have higher correlations with gross domestic product(GDP) growth rates than the China Economic Monitoring and Analysis Center(CEMAC) coincident index over the sample period between February2005 and May 2012.The peaks and troughs of the growth rates in several indicators are identified.The total number of peaks and troughs in the resulting coincident index is the same with the CEMAC coincident index.Unfortunately,these troughs don't signify recessions in the Chinese economy because the financial system has not seen a negative growth rate over the specific sample periods.The impacts of the Southeast Asian Financial Crisis and subprime mortgage crisis on the business cycle could be dated via a smoother index from HP filtering to the coincident index.展开更多
Based on modem financial markets becoming more and more perfect, in company stock, bonds, represented by the investment banking has permeated all aspects of life. Business valuation is the core of value management.How...Based on modem financial markets becoming more and more perfect, in company stock, bonds, represented by the investment banking has permeated all aspects of life. Business valuation is the core of value management.However, companies in different stages of development have a certain stage characteristics, and therefore from the features and characteristics of the different stages of business valuation methods and the factors that affect the value of different businesses created to start, can provide investors assess the business value of new ideas.展开更多
This study explains the role of economic uncertainty as a bridge between business cycles and investors’herding behavior.Starting with a conventional stochastic differential equation representing the evolution of stoc...This study explains the role of economic uncertainty as a bridge between business cycles and investors’herding behavior.Starting with a conventional stochastic differential equation representing the evolution of stock returns,we provide a simple theoretical model and empirically demonstrate it.Specifically,the growth rate of gross domestic product and the power law exponent are used as proxies for business cycles and herding behavior,respectively.We find stronger herding behavior during recessions than during booms.We attribute this to economic uncertainty,which leads to strong behavioral bias in the stock market.These findings are consistent with the predictions of the quantum model.展开更多
Since Reform and Opening, the international business activities in China have become more and more frequent,hence,the importance of business English goes without saying. However, due to its lexicons is complexity and ...Since Reform and Opening, the international business activities in China have become more and more frequent,hence,the importance of business English goes without saying. However, due to its lexicons is complexity and specificity, it's really a struggle matter for business English learners to memorize these lexicons. Through analyzing features of business English lexicons and establishing appropriate semantic field, business English learners could memorize these lexicons more effectively.展开更多
Accurate drought assessment demands thoughtful consideration of drought definition first of all.Drought is commonly defined as a prolonged period of below-average precipitation leading to water shortages that impact e...Accurate drought assessment demands thoughtful consideration of drought definition first of all.Drought is commonly defined as a prolonged period of below-average precipitation leading to water shortages that impact ecosystems,agriculture,and human societies.However,meteorologists,hydrologists,and agronomists often use different criteria to define drought,depending on their specific focus areas.For example,hydrologists define drought according to water deficits in some components of the hydrological cycle(such as precipitation,soil moisture,river flow,and groundwater)or its impacts on the level of services provided to public water supply,irrigation,or hydropower demands(Tate and Gustard,2000).Differences in drought definitions may result in great uncertainties in drought assessment(Satoh et al.,2021).We cannot expect the existence of any workable generalized objective definition of drought(Lloyd-Hughes,2014).展开更多
基金supported by the Construction of Environmental Science and Engineering Discipline for the Goal of Carbon Peaking and Carbon Neutrality Funding comes from Beijing Forestry University(No.2022XKJS0207).
文摘Under the background of resource shortage and global warming,it is of great significance to explore the status,influencing factors and carbon emission reduction effect of waste recycling in China after the implementation of new waste classification policy for guiding waste classification and carbon emission accounting.In this research,the temporal and spatial changes and influencing factors of waste recycling were studied from subdistrict level,life-cycle carbon emission reduction was predicted and policy suggestions for waste recycling were proposed.The results showed that after the implementation of new waste classification policy,the amount of recycled waste and the proportion of low-value recycled waste increased by 420.93 t and 2.29%per month on average,respectively.The district center has the largest amount of recycled waste.Income was the main factors affecting waste recycling,and online shopping and takeout could become important sources of recyclable waste.Accounting cradle-to-grave life cycle carbon footprint,waste plastics takes up the most contribution,accounting for 39.11%,and nearly 391.68 Mt CO_(2eq) would be reduced by waste recycling in China by 2030.Therefore,in the process of waste classification,refining waste classification to increase the amount of low-value recyclables,and rationally deploying collection and transportation vehicles to ensure efficient waste recycling are of great significance to achieve the goal of“carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”.
文摘This study examines econometric relationships between bank lending and the business cycle in Turkey. Firstly, the cyclical components of the real GDP and real bank loans were determined using time series. A cointegration analysis and a vector error-correction model with quarterly data were used for period of 1987：01-2013：03. The results of cointegration analysis indicate that there is a single stable long-run equilibrium relationship between real bank loans and macroeconomic variables. The response of bank loans to GDP shocks is positive. Bank loans have pro-cyclical character in Turkey.
文摘This paper aims to establish a comparison between both geomagnetic activity classification methods on foF2 diurnal variation over solar cycle phases. It concerns first a comparison of geomagnetic activity occurrences according to both classification methods;and second the geomagnetic effect on foF2 diurnal variation profiles as defined for the equatorial latitudes. The occurrences of the different disturbed geomagnetic activities (recurrent activity (RA), shock activity (SA) and fluctuant activity (FA)) according to both classifications (ancient classification (AC) and new classification (NC)) have been studied at Dakar ionosonde station (Lat: 14.8°N;Long: 342.6°E). Regarding both classifications, the RA occurs more during the decreasing phase. And it’s observed that the RA occurs the most during the increasing phase for the AC and during the minimum phase for the NC. The maximum gap of occurrence (<img src="Edit_e4627ea9-9a9a-4473-9017-202d04a16377.bmp" alt="" /><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) between both classifications is <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">11.1%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the negative value which is observed during the increasing phase) and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">+16.74%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the positive one which is observed during the decreasing phase). The occurrence of the SA in relation with both classifications is the lowest during the minimum phase and the maximum occurrence is observed during the maximum and decreasing phases, for the AC, with a value close to </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">37%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and for the NC at the maximum phase with a percentage of </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">54.47%</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">. The maximum gap of occurrence (</span><img src="Edit_20fa141b-ecee-4e06-8024-144ba0969395.bmp" alt="" /></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) between both classifications is <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">17.85%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the negative value which is observed at maximum phase) and </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">+13.53%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the positive one which is observed during the decreasing phase). For both classifications, the FA occurs the least during the minimum phase and the most during the maximum phase for the AC and at maximum and decreasing phases with percentage values of occurrence of roughly </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">37%</span><span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> for the NC. The maximum gap of occurrence (</span><img src="Edit_eecb8939-783e-4d43-b92c-80c528c1890b.bmp" alt="" /><span style="font-family:Verdana;"></span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">) between both classifications is <span style="font-size:10.0pt;font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">-</span></span>10% (for the negative value which is observed during the decreasing phase) and </span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">+20.11%</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> (for the positive one which is observed during the maximum phase). foF2 diurnal profiles throughout solar cycle phases concerning the AC and the NC have been compared. The FA diurnal profiles don’t present a difference. The RA and the SA present a difference during minimum and increasing phases and the least at maximum and decreasing phases.</span></span></span>
文摘＂Decoupling＂ refers to the divergence of business cycles among different countries, while ＂re-coupling＂ corresponds to the convergence or the synchronization of business cycles among different countries. The decoupling debate is popular in the field of economics, especially after global financial crisis. As trade integration increased among Asian countries, business cycle synchronization among these countries was expected to increase through trade transmission. The aim of this study is to discover whether there has been decoupling or convergence of business cycles through various trade channels. However, theoretically, increased trade can lead to business cycle synchronization either rising or falling. Inter-industry trade resulting in higher specification will induce less synchronized business cycles, while intra-industry trade could lead to increased business cycle synchronization. Thus, it is important to distinguish between intra- and inter-industry trade flows. Both correlation and dynamic factor models are utilized to study the evolution of global business cycle linkages. Results indicate that the world factor has become less important in explaining macroeconomic fluctuations from sub-period 1961-1984 to sub-period 1985-2007, while regional factors do not play an important role in explaining aggregate volatility, with the expectation of consumption. Overall, the explanatory power of country factors increases. Domestic consumption and domestic investment variances are more driven by country and idiosyncratic factors than by the world factor, contrary to the output growth fluctuations. Regional factors and country factors also play a more prominent role in explaining gross import fluctuations than in explaining gross exports. Results cast doubt on the strong forms of both the decoupling and the re-coupling hypothesis.
文摘The rapid development of China’s automobile industry has brought ever-increasing impact on resources,energy and environment,the energy-saving and new energy vehicles come into being accordingly.This article firstly systematically introduces the technical route of energy-saving and new energy vehicles of China,focusing on the key bottleneck problems arising from the construction process of current assessment system of the technical route for energy-saving and new energy vehicles,establishes the energy-saving and new energy vehicle business model assessment index system afterward based on the comparative analysis on energy-saving and new energy vehicle business assessment model and the full life cycle theory,and finally makes prospects and forecasts on vital problems of system boundary,dynamic optimization,simulation system of full life cycle assessment of energy-saving and new energy vehicle.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.71371160)the Program for Changjiang Youth Scholars(No.Q2016131)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(No.NCET-13-0509)
文摘In this article, we propose a novel, multilevel, dynamic factor model, to determine endogenously clustered regions for the investigation of regional clustering and synchronization of provincial business fluctuations in China. The parameter identification and model estimation was conducted using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. We then conducted an empirical study of the provincial business fluctuations in China(31 Chinese provinces are considered except Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan due to the data unavailability), which were sampled from January 2000 to December 2015. Our results indicated that these provinces could be clustered into four regions: leading, coincident, lagging, and overshooting. In comparison with traditional geographical divisions, this novel clustering into four regions enabled the regional business cycle synchronization to be more accurately captured. Within the four regional clusters it was possible to identify substantial heterogeneities among regional business cycle fluctuations, especially during the periods of the 2008 financial crisis and the ‘four-trillion economic stimulus plan'.
文摘BACKGROUND with the widespread application of computer network systems in the medical field,the plan-do-check-action(PDCA)and the international classification of diseases tenth edition(ICD-10)coding system have also achieved favorable results in clinical medical record management.However,research on their combined application is relatively lacking.Objective:it was to explore the impact of network systems and PDCA management mode on ICD-10 encoding.Material and Method:a retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.AIM To study the adoption of network and PDCA in the ICD-10.METHODS A retrospective collection of 768 discharged medical records from the Medical Record Management Department of Meishan People’s Hospital was conducted.They were divided into a control group(n=232)and an observation group(n=536)based on whether the PDCA management mode was implemented.The two sets of coding accuracy,time spent,case completion rate,satisfaction,and other indicators were compared.RESULTS In the 3,6,12,18,and 24 months of PDCA cycle management mode,the coding accuracy and medical record completion rate were higher,and the coding time was lower in the observation group as against the controls(P<0.05).The satisfaction of coders(80.22%vs 53.45%)and patients(84.89%vs 51.72%)in the observation group was markedly higher as against the controls(P<0.05).CONCLUSION The combination of computer networks and PDCA can improve the accuracy,efficiency,completion rate,and satisfaction of ICD-10 coding.
文摘This paper aims to explore the relationship between logistics firm size and business diversification, especially in micro-</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and small-sized enterprises, and assess the diversification process of Chongqing logistics enterprises using new data source. It is inte</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">nded to contribute to theoretical research on diversification in the emerging logistics industry based on resource-based view (RBV) and factor production theory. We innovatively establish the logistics business classification system, then measure the degree and direction of diversification of lo</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">gistics enterprises based on mean narrow-spectrum diversification-based</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> product count methods. The empirically shows that there are a growing number of highly-diversified logistics enterprises in general, with an average annual increase of 14.23%. Especially after 2008, small and medium-sized enterprises developed towards r</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">elated diversification while micro-sized enterprises came to the opposite conclusion. For them, creating unrelated diversified business is a crucial way to generate a competitive advantage. Unlike the conclusions derived from other industries, small-sized logistics enterprises are prone to try a new business, both related and unrelated, for better survival and performance. And changes in the firm size of medium and large-sized enterprises have little impact on the development of the business diversification.
文摘Developments in service oriented architecture (SOA) have taken us near to the once fictional dream of forming and running an online business, such commercial activity in which most or all of its commercial roles are outsourced to online services. The novel concept of cloud computing gives a understanding of SOA in which Information Technology assets are provided as services that are extra flexible, inexpensive and striking to commercial activities. In this paper, we concisely study developments in concept of cloud computing, and debate the advantages of using cloud services for commercial activities and trade-offs that they have to consider. Further we presented a layered architecture for online business, and then we presented a conceptual architecture for complete online business working atmosphere. Moreover, we discuss the prospects and research experiments that are ahead of us in realizing the technical components of this conceptual architecture. We conclude by giving the outlook and impact of cloud services on both large and small businesses.
基金Supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2016ZX0602900)。
文摘Classification,superimposed evolution and sedimentary filling of prototype basins are analyzed based on the Wilson cycle principle of plate theory,by dissecting the evolution history of 483 sedimentary basins around the world since the Pre-cambrian,combined with the three stress environments of tension,compression and shear.It is found that plate tectonic evo-lution controls the superimposed development process and petroleum-bearing conditions of the prototype basins in three as-pects:first,more than 85%of the sedimentary basins in the world are developed from the superimposed development of two or more prototype basins;second,the superposition evolution process of the prototype basin takes Wilson cycle as the cycle and cycles in a fixed trajectory repeatedly.In each stage of a cycle,a specific type of prototype basin can be formed;third,each prototype basin can form a unique tectonic-sedimentary system,which determines its unique source,reservoir,cap conditions etc.For hydrocarbon accumulation,the later superimposed prototype basin can change the oil and gas accumulation conditions of the earlier prototype basin,and may form new petroleum systems.Based on this,by defining the type of a current basin as its prototype basin formed by the latest plate tectonic movement,14 types of prototype basins can be classified in the world,namely,intracontinental growth rift,intr acontinental aborted rift,intercontinental rift,passive continental margin,interior craton,trench,fore-arc rift,ba ck-arc rift,back-arc de pression,back-arc small ocean,peri pheral foreland,back-arc foreland,strike-slip pull-apart,and strike-slip flexural basins.The classification scheme can ensure the uniqueness of the types of in di-vidual sedimentary basin,and make it possible to predict their oil and gas potential scientifically through analogy.
基金the support provided by Ford Foundation,Stanford SCID and National Planning Office of Philosophy and Social Science(Approval No.12 & ZD038)
文摘In reference to the method of the Conference Board,the coincident indexes for China are constructed from a sample period between January 1990 and May 2012 and by51 chosen component indicators.The resulting coincident indexes have higher correlations with gross domestic product(GDP) growth rates than the China Economic Monitoring and Analysis Center(CEMAC) coincident index over the sample period between February2005 and May 2012.The peaks and troughs of the growth rates in several indicators are identified.The total number of peaks and troughs in the resulting coincident index is the same with the CEMAC coincident index.Unfortunately,these troughs don't signify recessions in the Chinese economy because the financial system has not seen a negative growth rate over the specific sample periods.The impacts of the Southeast Asian Financial Crisis and subprime mortgage crisis on the business cycle could be dated via a smoother index from HP filtering to the coincident index.
文摘Based on modem financial markets becoming more and more perfect, in company stock, bonds, represented by the investment banking has permeated all aspects of life. Business valuation is the core of value management.However, companies in different stages of development have a certain stage characteristics, and therefore from the features and characteristics of the different stages of business valuation methods and the factors that affect the value of different businesses created to start, can provide investors assess the business value of new ideas.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea grant funded by the Korean government(No.2022R1A2C100425811,Kwangwon Ahn).
文摘This study explains the role of economic uncertainty as a bridge between business cycles and investors’herding behavior.Starting with a conventional stochastic differential equation representing the evolution of stock returns,we provide a simple theoretical model and empirically demonstrate it.Specifically,the growth rate of gross domestic product and the power law exponent are used as proxies for business cycles and herding behavior,respectively.We find stronger herding behavior during recessions than during booms.We attribute this to economic uncertainty,which leads to strong behavioral bias in the stock market.These findings are consistent with the predictions of the quantum model.
文摘Since Reform and Opening, the international business activities in China have become more and more frequent,hence,the importance of business English goes without saying. However, due to its lexicons is complexity and specificity, it's really a struggle matter for business English learners to memorize these lexicons. Through analyzing features of business English lexicons and establishing appropriate semantic field, business English learners could memorize these lexicons more effectively.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42471027).
文摘Accurate drought assessment demands thoughtful consideration of drought definition first of all.Drought is commonly defined as a prolonged period of below-average precipitation leading to water shortages that impact ecosystems,agriculture,and human societies.However,meteorologists,hydrologists,and agronomists often use different criteria to define drought,depending on their specific focus areas.For example,hydrologists define drought according to water deficits in some components of the hydrological cycle(such as precipitation,soil moisture,river flow,and groundwater)or its impacts on the level of services provided to public water supply,irrigation,or hydropower demands(Tate and Gustard,2000).Differences in drought definitions may result in great uncertainties in drought assessment(Satoh et al.,2021).We cannot expect the existence of any workable generalized objective definition of drought(Lloyd-Hughes,2014).
