Circular RNA(circRNA)is a newly discovered non-coding RNA with special structure,which is widely expressed in eukaryotic organisms and mainly located in the cytoplasm.circRNAs participate in gene regulation by working...Circular RNA(circRNA)is a newly discovered non-coding RNA with special structure,which is widely expressed in eukaryotic organisms and mainly located in the cytoplasm.circRNAs participate in gene regulation by working as miRNA sponges that block the inhibitory effect of miRNA on its target genes.In addition,circRNAs can bind to RNA binding proteins to regulate gene expression.Based on characteristics of stability,expression specificity and participation in gene regulation,circRNAs are expected to be biomarkers for early diagnosis of cancer or potential targets for cancer therapy.With the help of bioinformatics analysis,circRNA microarray analysis and high-throughput sequencing technology,more circRNAs were discovered to participate in the progression of gastric cancer(GC)over the past three years.This article gives an overview of these recent research focusing on the roles of circRNAs in GC and highlights the advances.展开更多
As a newly discovered type of RNA, circular RNAs(circRNAs) are widespread throughout the eukaryotic genome. The expression of circRNAs is regulated by both cis-elements and trans-factors, and the expression pattern of...As a newly discovered type of RNA, circular RNAs(circRNAs) are widespread throughout the eukaryotic genome. The expression of circRNAs is regulated by both cis-elements and trans-factors, and the expression pattern of circRNAs is cell type-and diseasespecific. Similar to other types of non-coding RNAs, functions of circRNAs are also versatile. CircRNAs have been reported previously to function as microRNA(miRNA) sponges, protein sponges, coding RNAs or scaffolds for protein complexes.Recently, several circRNAs have been reported to play important roles in human malignancies, including glioma. Here, we reviewed several reports related to circRNAs and glioma, as well as the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of circRNAs in brain cancer. In general, some circRNAs, such as circSMARCA5 and circCFH, are found to be expressed in a gliomaspecific pattern, these circRNAs may be used as tumor biomarkers. In addition, some circRNAs have been found to play oncogenic roles in glioma(e.g., circNFIX and circNT5E), whereas others have been reported to function as tumor suppressors(e.g.,circFBXW7 and circSHPRH). Furthermore, circRNA is a good tool for protein expression because of its higher stability compared to linear RNAs. Thus, circRNAs may also be an ideal choice for gene/protein delivery in future brain cancer therapies. There are some challenges in circRNA research in glioma and other diseases. Research related to circRNAs in glioma is comparatively new and many mysteries remain to be solved.展开更多
文摘Circular RNA(circRNA)is a newly discovered non-coding RNA with special structure,which is widely expressed in eukaryotic organisms and mainly located in the cytoplasm.circRNAs participate in gene regulation by working as miRNA sponges that block the inhibitory effect of miRNA on its target genes.In addition,circRNAs can bind to RNA binding proteins to regulate gene expression.Based on characteristics of stability,expression specificity and participation in gene regulation,circRNAs are expected to be biomarkers for early diagnosis of cancer or potential targets for cancer therapy.With the help of bioinformatics analysis,circRNA microarray analysis and high-throughput sequencing technology,more circRNAs were discovered to participate in the progression of gastric cancer(GC)over the past three years.This article gives an overview of these recent research focusing on the roles of circRNAs in GC and highlights the advances.
文摘As a newly discovered type of RNA, circular RNAs(circRNAs) are widespread throughout the eukaryotic genome. The expression of circRNAs is regulated by both cis-elements and trans-factors, and the expression pattern of circRNAs is cell type-and diseasespecific. Similar to other types of non-coding RNAs, functions of circRNAs are also versatile. CircRNAs have been reported previously to function as microRNA(miRNA) sponges, protein sponges, coding RNAs or scaffolds for protein complexes.Recently, several circRNAs have been reported to play important roles in human malignancies, including glioma. Here, we reviewed several reports related to circRNAs and glioma, as well as the potential diagnostic and therapeutic applications of circRNAs in brain cancer. In general, some circRNAs, such as circSMARCA5 and circCFH, are found to be expressed in a gliomaspecific pattern, these circRNAs may be used as tumor biomarkers. In addition, some circRNAs have been found to play oncogenic roles in glioma(e.g., circNFIX and circNT5E), whereas others have been reported to function as tumor suppressors(e.g.,circFBXW7 and circSHPRH). Furthermore, circRNA is a good tool for protein expression because of its higher stability compared to linear RNAs. Thus, circRNAs may also be an ideal choice for gene/protein delivery in future brain cancer therapies. There are some challenges in circRNA research in glioma and other diseases. Research related to circRNAs in glioma is comparatively new and many mysteries remain to be solved.
