In order to assess the effect of enhancement release of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta),otolith strontium(Sr)marking method was used to tag chum salmon released in Tangwang River in 2016.The homing chum salmon were det...In order to assess the effect of enhancement release of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta),otolith strontium(Sr)marking method was used to tag chum salmon released in Tangwang River in 2016.The homing chum salmon were detected and the samples were collected in Tangwang River,Ussuri River and Suifen River in the autumn of2018.The samples were analyzed by examining Sr and calcium(Ca)fingerprints in the otolith using electron probe microanalysis.The results suggested that two samples collected in Tangwang River had the marking ring near the core of otolith where the Sr concentration and Sr/Ca ratio were significantly higher than comparative samples.Proving that the two fish belonged to the released population in Tangwang River in 2016.This article indicated the success of the enhancement release of chum salmon from the Tangwang River for the first time and also confirmed the validity of Sr marking in enhancement release of fishes.展开更多
We estimated the proportion of hatchery and natural fall spawning chum salmon returning to the Amur River using chemical markers specific to hatchery-origin fry.We used otolith microchemistry technique to identify fis...We estimated the proportion of hatchery and natural fall spawning chum salmon returning to the Amur River using chemical markers specific to hatchery-origin fry.We used otolith microchemistry technique to identify fish with artificial origin among returning spawners.First,we found that juveniles of artificial origin had higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio of the otoliths’edge zone compared with juveniles of natural origin,what can be related to the use of rearing feed produced from raw materials of marine origin rich in strontium.Then we observed that most of the spawners from Anyuisky Hatchery and from the Amur River mouth at the start of the spawning migration has also the higher value of Sr:Ca molar ratio of the juvenile zone of otoliths.Also,adults with higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio are characterized by a skewed right in the peak of the age distribution.Both,the age structure and phenological shift in the time of spawning migration of individuals with higher value of the used chemical marker corresponds to results of studies on hatchery-produced chum salmon completed at different parts on Northern Pacific.The results of this study will be used in the management of Amur fall chum salmon fisheries,and also demonstrates the necessity of the development of specific measures for increasing the survival of juvenile anadromous salmonids released at large rivers and exposed to prolonged freshwater migration to the ocean.As a further application of the methodology,we plan to identify the markers specific to each of the hatcheries and main spawning tributaries belonging to Amur River catchments.This will be an important step in the evaluation of the contribution of different stocks in mixed fisheries and also in the estimation of the effect of hatchery releases on naturally spawning stocks of Amur fall chum.Following to,our results may indicate the applicability of this approach for the determination of artificial-origin fish in a mixed sample of the Amur fall chum salmon.展开更多
Synthesis of mcrocyclic lactones has been applied to medical and flavor field. Triglycerides(2) of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids synthesized from malania oleifera chum oil(1) via ozonization and reduction, and compound 2...Synthesis of mcrocyclic lactones has been applied to medical and flavor field. Triglycerides(2) of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids synthesized from malania oleifera chum oil(1) via ozonization and reduction, and compound 2 were catalytically transformed to macrocyctic lactones(3). This is a new method involving fewer steps and a 61% yield of cyclopentadecanolide was obtained. The reactive properties of macrolactonization of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids were also studied. The result obtained shows that the priority order of macrolactonization as follows: 11-undecalactone>cyclotridecanolide>cyclopentadecanolide, i.e. the short chain ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids were preferentially cyclized.展开更多
通过对2010和2011年采捕到乌苏里江大麻哈鱼洄游群体571个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,研究了大麻哈鱼的年龄判定和生长模拟。大麻哈鱼鳞片属于典型圆鳞,有明显的年轮特征,为一年一个周期,年轮特征表现为疏密型。部分鳞片有明显幼轮...通过对2010和2011年采捕到乌苏里江大麻哈鱼洄游群体571个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,研究了大麻哈鱼的年龄判定和生长模拟。大麻哈鱼鳞片属于典型圆鳞,有明显的年轮特征,为一年一个周期,年轮特征表现为疏密型。部分鳞片有明显幼轮,幼轮和年轮根据鳞径大小能够区分。采集样本的雌雄组都分为2+,3+,4+三个年龄组,也都以3+龄组数量最多。采用特殊Von Bertalanffy、Logistic、Gompertz和幂指数生长方程分别模拟了大麻哈鱼1—4龄间的生长,通过最大似然法估计各模型的参数。采用残差平方和(Analysis of the residual sum of squares,ARSS)分析得出大麻哈鱼雌雄个体间生长无显著差异(P>0.05),故将雌雄个体放一起进行生长模拟。AIC和BIC检验结果显示特殊VBGF方程为最适生长模型,公式为:Lt=90.04×[1 e 0.3(ti+0.27)]。大麻哈鱼的生长速度随着年龄增长逐年降低,且性成熟年龄小的个体生长速度大于性成熟年龄大的个体。应对大麻哈鱼年龄与生长进行长期监测,为增殖放流等渔业资源管理措施提供基础资料。展开更多
为解决目前Random Walk改进算法中过于依赖历史搜索记录而导致动态网络环境下搜索命中率低、网络开销过高和稀有资源的搜索成功率提高不明显等问题,通过分析随机漫步的基本性质和易转向高度数节点的搜索特性,提出了一种双向随机漫步搜...为解决目前Random Walk改进算法中过于依赖历史搜索记录而导致动态网络环境下搜索命中率低、网络开销过高和稀有资源的搜索成功率提高不明显等问题,通过分析随机漫步的基本性质和易转向高度数节点的搜索特性,提出了一种双向随机漫步搜索机制——BRWS(bidirectional random walk search),并证明了其能够提高包括稀有资源在内的搜索成功率,抗扰动性强.分别在静态和动态网络环境中,将Random Walk,APS(adaptive probabilisticsearch),PQR(path-traceable query routing),P2PBSN(peer-to-peer based on social network)和BRWS基于RandomGraph、Scale Free网络、Small World网络3种拓扑进行了对比实验.结果表明,BRWS可以以较少的网络搜索代价,极大地提高搜索成功率;并在动态网络环境中,对稀有资源的搜索成功率也有显著提高.所提出的方法可适用于P2P文件分发网络应用中.展开更多
对乌苏里江大麻哈鱼生殖洄游群体样本进行年龄鉴定和生物学测定,推算了各年龄段的叉长,并分析了性成熟年龄组间个体的生长差异性。年龄鉴定结果显示大麻哈鱼由2+,3+,4+龄群体组成,雌、雄大麻哈鱼平均年龄分别为3.43和3.24龄。采用Von Be...对乌苏里江大麻哈鱼生殖洄游群体样本进行年龄鉴定和生物学测定,推算了各年龄段的叉长,并分析了性成熟年龄组间个体的生长差异性。年龄鉴定结果显示大麻哈鱼由2+,3+,4+龄群体组成,雌、雄大麻哈鱼平均年龄分别为3.43和3.24龄。采用Von Bertalanffy生长方程(VBGF)拟合了大麻哈鱼各性成熟年龄组个体的叉长生长。基于VBGF生长方程的拟合结果,采用残差平方和(analysis of the residual sum of squares,ARSS)分析各年龄组间大麻哈鱼的生长差异性,结果显示不同性成熟年龄组间的大麻哈鱼生长的差异性显著(P<0.05)。大麻哈鱼低龄组个体叉长生长速度较快,高龄组个体生长相对较慢,随着年龄的增加生长速度减慢,但是末年的生长指标却不是最低。大麻哈鱼的生长发育受遗传、海洋环境条件、种内、种间竞争等因素的共同影响。展开更多
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China under contract No.YQ2019C034the Special Financial Funds of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs under contract No.2130135。
文摘In order to assess the effect of enhancement release of chum salmon(Oncorhynchus keta),otolith strontium(Sr)marking method was used to tag chum salmon released in Tangwang River in 2016.The homing chum salmon were detected and the samples were collected in Tangwang River,Ussuri River and Suifen River in the autumn of2018.The samples were analyzed by examining Sr and calcium(Ca)fingerprints in the otolith using electron probe microanalysis.The results suggested that two samples collected in Tangwang River had the marking ring near the core of otolith where the Sr concentration and Sr/Ca ratio were significantly higher than comparative samples.Proving that the two fish belonged to the released population in Tangwang River in 2016.This article indicated the success of the enhancement release of chum salmon from the Tangwang River for the first time and also confirmed the validity of Sr marking in enhancement release of fishes.
基金support of the grant of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation project No.2019-0858"Biogeochemical and geochemical studies of landscapes in the conditions of the development of mineral deposits,the search for new methods of monitoring and forecasting the State of the environment".
文摘We estimated the proportion of hatchery and natural fall spawning chum salmon returning to the Amur River using chemical markers specific to hatchery-origin fry.We used otolith microchemistry technique to identify fish with artificial origin among returning spawners.First,we found that juveniles of artificial origin had higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio of the otoliths’edge zone compared with juveniles of natural origin,what can be related to the use of rearing feed produced from raw materials of marine origin rich in strontium.Then we observed that most of the spawners from Anyuisky Hatchery and from the Amur River mouth at the start of the spawning migration has also the higher value of Sr:Ca molar ratio of the juvenile zone of otoliths.Also,adults with higher values of the Sr:Ca molar ratio are characterized by a skewed right in the peak of the age distribution.Both,the age structure and phenological shift in the time of spawning migration of individuals with higher value of the used chemical marker corresponds to results of studies on hatchery-produced chum salmon completed at different parts on Northern Pacific.The results of this study will be used in the management of Amur fall chum salmon fisheries,and also demonstrates the necessity of the development of specific measures for increasing the survival of juvenile anadromous salmonids released at large rivers and exposed to prolonged freshwater migration to the ocean.As a further application of the methodology,we plan to identify the markers specific to each of the hatcheries and main spawning tributaries belonging to Amur River catchments.This will be an important step in the evaluation of the contribution of different stocks in mixed fisheries and also in the estimation of the effect of hatchery releases on naturally spawning stocks of Amur fall chum.Following to,our results may indicate the applicability of this approach for the determination of artificial-origin fish in a mixed sample of the Amur fall chum salmon.
文摘Synthesis of mcrocyclic lactones has been applied to medical and flavor field. Triglycerides(2) of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids synthesized from malania oleifera chum oil(1) via ozonization and reduction, and compound 2 were catalytically transformed to macrocyctic lactones(3). This is a new method involving fewer steps and a 61% yield of cyclopentadecanolide was obtained. The reactive properties of macrolactonization of ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids were also studied. The result obtained shows that the priority order of macrolactonization as follows: 11-undecalactone>cyclotridecanolide>cyclopentadecanolide, i.e. the short chain ω-hydroxycarboxylic acids were preferentially cyclized.
文摘通过对2010和2011年采捕到乌苏里江大麻哈鱼洄游群体571个样本的鳞片观察和基础生物学测定,研究了大麻哈鱼的年龄判定和生长模拟。大麻哈鱼鳞片属于典型圆鳞,有明显的年轮特征,为一年一个周期,年轮特征表现为疏密型。部分鳞片有明显幼轮,幼轮和年轮根据鳞径大小能够区分。采集样本的雌雄组都分为2+,3+,4+三个年龄组,也都以3+龄组数量最多。采用特殊Von Bertalanffy、Logistic、Gompertz和幂指数生长方程分别模拟了大麻哈鱼1—4龄间的生长,通过最大似然法估计各模型的参数。采用残差平方和(Analysis of the residual sum of squares,ARSS)分析得出大麻哈鱼雌雄个体间生长无显著差异(P>0.05),故将雌雄个体放一起进行生长模拟。AIC和BIC检验结果显示特殊VBGF方程为最适生长模型,公式为:Lt=90.04×[1 e 0.3(ti+0.27)]。大麻哈鱼的生长速度随着年龄增长逐年降低,且性成熟年龄小的个体生长速度大于性成熟年龄大的个体。应对大麻哈鱼年龄与生长进行长期监测,为增殖放流等渔业资源管理措施提供基础资料。
文摘为解决目前Random Walk改进算法中过于依赖历史搜索记录而导致动态网络环境下搜索命中率低、网络开销过高和稀有资源的搜索成功率提高不明显等问题,通过分析随机漫步的基本性质和易转向高度数节点的搜索特性,提出了一种双向随机漫步搜索机制——BRWS(bidirectional random walk search),并证明了其能够提高包括稀有资源在内的搜索成功率,抗扰动性强.分别在静态和动态网络环境中,将Random Walk,APS(adaptive probabilisticsearch),PQR(path-traceable query routing),P2PBSN(peer-to-peer based on social network)和BRWS基于RandomGraph、Scale Free网络、Small World网络3种拓扑进行了对比实验.结果表明,BRWS可以以较少的网络搜索代价,极大地提高搜索成功率;并在动态网络环境中,对稀有资源的搜索成功率也有显著提高.所提出的方法可适用于P2P文件分发网络应用中.
文摘对乌苏里江大麻哈鱼生殖洄游群体样本进行年龄鉴定和生物学测定,推算了各年龄段的叉长,并分析了性成熟年龄组间个体的生长差异性。年龄鉴定结果显示大麻哈鱼由2+,3+,4+龄群体组成,雌、雄大麻哈鱼平均年龄分别为3.43和3.24龄。采用Von Bertalanffy生长方程(VBGF)拟合了大麻哈鱼各性成熟年龄组个体的叉长生长。基于VBGF生长方程的拟合结果,采用残差平方和(analysis of the residual sum of squares,ARSS)分析各年龄组间大麻哈鱼的生长差异性,结果显示不同性成熟年龄组间的大麻哈鱼生长的差异性显著(P<0.05)。大麻哈鱼低龄组个体叉长生长速度较快,高龄组个体生长相对较慢,随着年龄的增加生长速度减慢,但是末年的生长指标却不是最低。大麻哈鱼的生长发育受遗传、海洋环境条件、种内、种间竞争等因素的共同影响。
