<span style="font-family:Verdana;">In our study, we aimed to optimize the dosage regimen of Isavuconazole </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:...<span style="font-family:Verdana;">In our study, we aimed to optimize the dosage regimen of Isavuconazole </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida spp. </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus spp. </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">by Mo</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">te Carlo simulation (MSC). Pharmacokinetic parameters and microbiological data of Isavuconazole were collected. Then we used MSC to simulate 10,000 patients analyzed by Crystal Ball to calculate probability of target attainment (PTA) and cumulative fraction of response (CFR). With dosages of 100</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg, 200</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg, and 400</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg in oral group and dosages of 100</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg, and 200</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg in intravenous administration, all have different degree</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of antifungal effect. But when the dosage regimen was 50</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg IV, the therapeutic effect of Isavuconazole against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus spp.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida spp. </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were not good.展开更多
Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal ca...Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Candida spp.and the virulence factors of Candida albicans(C.albicans) isolated from external surfaces of blow flies collected from Mae Sot,Tak Province,Thailand.Methods:The b...Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Candida spp.and the virulence factors of Candida albicans(C.albicans) isolated from external surfaces of blow flies collected from Mae Sot,Tak Province,Thailand.Methods:The blow flies were collected by sterile sweep nets from three areas in Mae Sot.Yeast isolation was first performed on Sabouraud dextrose agar(SDA) supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide.The yeast isolates were then identified by using chromogenic agar,a yeast identification test kit,a germ tube formation test and a carbohydrate utilization test.The β-hemolysis was determined on 7% sheep blood agar,while phospholipase activity was measured on SDA agar supplemented with 10% egg yolk suspension.Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined by broth micro-dilution testing against ketoconazole and amphotericin B.Results:The prevalence rate of Candida spp.on the external surfaces of the blow flies was 78.1%.All C.albicans isolated from the blow fly demonstrated b-hemolysin and potent phospholipase activities and 47.1% of C.albicans were resistant to ketoconazole with MIC values 128 mg/m L.Conclusions:The results indicate that blow flies could play an essential role in the transmission of potentially pathogenic and antifungal resistant C.albicans into the environment.Further investigation on other virulence factors and genetic relatedness among isolates from the blow flies,the environment and clinical specimens is required to confirm this role.展开更多
The aim of the present study have been reported to review the estrogen level in the patients with the breast cancer and healthy individuals.Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases in women worldwide that is c...The aim of the present study have been reported to review the estrogen level in the patients with the breast cancer and healthy individuals.Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases in women worldwide that is characterized by uncontrolled growth of malignant cells in the mammary epithelial tissue.The estrogen was found at normal level in most patients with ER-positive breast cancer and in healthy individuals,while its high level was higher among patients with ER-negative breast cancer.Many studies show evidences about the role of estrogen at a high level on the development of breast cancer.The association between the estrogen levels and the presence of Candida spp.in vagina of patients with breast cancer was reviewed.展开更多
BACKGROUND The oral cavity harbors more than 700 species of bacteria,which play crucial roles in the development of various oral diseases including caries,endodontic infection,periodontal infection,and diverse oral di...BACKGROUND The oral cavity harbors more than 700 species of bacteria,which play crucial roles in the development of various oral diseases including caries,endodontic infection,periodontal infection,and diverse oral diseases.AIM To investigate the antimicrobial action of Cymbopogon Schoenanthus and Pelargonium graveolens essential oils against Streptococcus mutans,Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans,Ca.dubliniensis,and Ca.krusei.METHODS Minimum microbicidal concentration was determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute documents.The synergistic antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the Broth microdilution checkerboard method,and the antibiofilm activity was evaluated with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post-hoc test(P≤0.05).RESULTS C.schoenanthus and P.graveolens essential oils were as effective as 0.12%chlorhexidine against S.mutans and St.aureus monotypic biofilms after 24 h.After 24 h P.graveolens essential oil at 0.25%was more effective than the nystatin group,and C.schoenanthus essential oil at 0.25%was as effective as the nystatin group.CONCLUSION C.schoenanthus and P.graveolens essential oils are effective against S.mutans,St.aureus,Ca.albicans,Ca.dubliniensis,and Ca.krusei at different concentrations after 5 min and 24 h.展开更多
The aim was to investigate the antifungal effectiveness and some of pharmacological properties of essential oils (EOs), which had not yet been thoroughly studied in the planned scope. We first evaluated MIC/MFC of six...The aim was to investigate the antifungal effectiveness and some of pharmacological properties of essential oils (EOs), which had not yet been thoroughly studied in the planned scope. We first evaluated MIC/MFC of sixteen EOs against C. albicans ATCC 10231. Then, five most active EOs were tested, using 50 clinical Candida spp. strains and additional reference C. albicans ATCC 90028 strain. The time-kill curve, carryover, post-antifungal effects (PAFE), mutant prevention concentrations, the susceptibility of reference strains to the cell wall disrupting agents and tolerance to oxidative stress, were evaluated. For these detailed studies, we chose the following four essential oils. Clove oil, Geranium oil, Lemon balm and Citronella oil, with MICs of 0.097% (v/v), resulted concentration- and time-dependent killing and may be therapeutically safe, because they do not generate resistance. The best one was Lemon balm, which caused most extended PAFE, significantly reduced tolerance to oxidative stress and increased susceptibility to Calcofluor White, Congo Red and SDS. Phytochemical analysis of these four EOs has been performed and compared;looking for the reason that Lemon balm was the best.展开更多
Recently,Prevotella spp.,a major genus of gram-negative commensal bacteria in humans,have emerged as a key microbial contributor to host metabolism due to its ability to ferment dietary fibers,produce beneficial short...Recently,Prevotella spp.,a major genus of gram-negative commensal bacteria in humans,have emerged as a key microbial contributor to host metabolism due to its ability to ferment dietary fibers,produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids,and influence immune responses.However,their diversity and functional differences have created challenges for their development and therapeutic use.Recent studies have shown that specific Prevotella species,such as P.copri,P.intestinalis,and P.histicola,can strengthen gut barrier integrity and reduce metabolic imbalances.Notably,Prevotella populations can be increased through high-fiber or herbal-based treatments.Traditional herbal medicines,including fiber-rich decoctions,also demonstrate the potential to boost endogenous Prevotella communities,enhance microbial fermentation,and improve glucose and lipid balance.This perspective examines the context-dependent roles of Prevotella spp.,with emphasis on the functional heterogeneity of key species such as P.copri,suggests a framework for combining herbal modulation with species-level microbiota profiling,and outlines a research plan to explore microbe-herb synergy in treating obesity,type 2 diabetes,and related metabolic disorders.This strategy offers a new,ecology-based approach to complement standard metabolic interventions.展开更多
Objective:To investigate the quantitative assessment efficacy of chest CT combined with serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 in determining the progression stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 100...Objective:To investigate the quantitative assessment efficacy of chest CT combined with serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 in determining the progression stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 100 COPD subjects from our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were included and randomly divided into a healthy control group and an experimental group(50 cases each).The healthy control group underwent slow vital capacity measurement using a spirometer,while the experimental group underwent high-resolution thin-slice CT scans and serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 concentration measurements.Pulmonary function parameters,symptom burden,biomarker concentrations,and imaging characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results:The FEV1/FVC ratio in the experimental group(58.3±7.2)was lower than that in the healthy control group(92.1±4.8);the total CAT score(22.4±3.5)was higher than that in the healthy control group(3.1±1.2);both Vanin-1(18.7±2.3μg/L)and SPP1(25.6±4.1μg/L)levels were higher than those in the healthy control group;LAA%-950(38.7±6.2%)and WA%(68.5±5.3%)were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(all p<0.001).Conclusion:Chest CT combined with serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 can accurately quantify the pathological progression of COPD,providing a dual basis for clinical staging and individualized intervention.展开更多
Invasive fungal infections (IFI) have recently become increasingly more prevalent, resulting in an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Both Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are major causes of IFI. In this stu...Invasive fungal infections (IFI) have recently become increasingly more prevalent, resulting in an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Both Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are major causes of IFI. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cumulative fraction of response of various dosage regimens of posaconazole against nine Candida spp. and six Aspergillus spp. in both children and adults. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) was performed to optimize selection of posaconazole dosage regimens. For children, a dosage regimen of 120 mg/m2 posaconazole tid was sufficient to treat fungal infections caused by all six Aspergillus spp. and six of the nine Candida spp. (but was not effective against C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii and C. krusei). In contrast, a 400 mg dosage regimen of posaconazole bid achieved the target pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters against all six Aspergillus spp. and eight of the nine Candida spp. (but was not effective against C. glabrata) in the adults. Dosage regimens of 50 mg bid, 100 mg bid, or 200 mg bid were not effective. Posaconazole dosage regimens are likely to achieve their desired PK/PD targets against Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. in both children and adults.展开更多
Background:Candida species(Candida spp.)are commonly isolated microorganisms from lower respiratory tract(LRT)specimens of patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP);however,the clinical significance remains contr...Background:Candida species(Candida spp.)are commonly isolated microorganisms from lower respiratory tract(LRT)specimens of patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP);however,the clinical significance remains controversial.This study aimed to investigate the correlation between Candida spp.in the LRT and the clinical features and prognosis of HAP.Methods:This retrospective analysis included eligible patients with HAP from the database of a prospective study carried out between 2018 and 2019 in nine Chinese hospitals.Data on demographics,clinical characteristics,and prognosis were collected and analyzed.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to balance the baseline characteristics.Results:A total of 187 HAP patients were enrolled.After PSM of severity score,27 cases with positive sputum culture of Candida spp.were compared with the control group at a ratio of 1:1.The Candida-positive group had more bacterial isolates in blood culture than the Candida-negative group(39.1%[9/23]vs.7.7%[2/26],χ^(2)=6.928,effect size[ES]=0.38,95%CI:0.12-0.61,P=0.008).The proportion of patients with chronic lung diseases was significantly higher in the Candida-positive group(55.6%[15/27]vs.22.2%[6/27],χ^(2)=6.312,ES=0.34,95%CI:0.07-0.59,P=0.012).The 30-day prognosis of HAP was significantly different between the two groups(80.8%[21/26]vs.38.5%[10/26],χ^(2)=9.665,ES=0.43,95%CI:0.19-0.66,P=0.002).Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that LRT Candida spp.colonization was a risk factor for 30-day mortality of HAP(OR=6.720,95%CI:1.915-23.577,P=0.003).Conclusions:Candida spp.in the LRT was associated with 30-day mortality of HAP.Patients with chronic under-lying lung diseases tend to have Candida spp.colonization.展开更多
BACKGROUND Emerging evidence implicates Candida albicans(C.albicans)in human oncogenesis.Notably,studies have supported its involvement in regulating outcomes in colorectal cancer(CRC).This study investigated the para...BACKGROUND Emerging evidence implicates Candida albicans(C.albicans)in human oncogenesis.Notably,studies have supported its involvement in regulating outcomes in colorectal cancer(CRC).This study investigated the paradoxical role of C.albicans in CRC,aiming to determine whether it promotes or suppresses tumor development,with a focus on the mechanistic basis linked to its metabolic profile.AIM To investigate the dual role of C.albicans in the development and progression of CRC through metabolite profiling and to establish a prognostic model that integrates the microbial and metabolic interactions in CRC,providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies and clinical outcomes.METHODSA prognostic model integrating C. albicans with CRC was developed, incorporating enrichment analysis, immuneinfiltration profiling, survival analysis, Mendelian randomization, single-cell sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics.The effects of the C. albicans metabolite mixture on CRC cells were subsequently validated in vitro. Theprimary metabolite composition was characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.RESULTSA prognostic model based on five specific mRNA markers, EHD4, LIME1, GADD45B, TIMP1, and FDFT1, wasestablished. The C. albicans metabolite mixture significantly reduced CRC cell viability. Post-treatment analysisrevealed a significant decrease in gene expression in HT29 cells, while the expression levels of TIMP1, EHD4, andGADD45B were significantly elevated in HCT116 cells. Conversely, LIME1 expression and that of other CRC celllines showed reductions. In normal colonic epithelial cells (NCM460), GADD45B, TIMP1, and FDFT1 expressionlevels were significantly increased, while LIME1 and EHD4 levels were markedly reduced. Following metabolitetreatment, the invasive and migratory capabilities of NCM460, HT29, and HCT116 cells were reduced. Quantitativeanalysis of extracellular ATP post-treatment showed a significant elevation (P < 0.01). The C. albicans metabolitemixture had no effect on reactive oxygen species accumulation in CRC cells but led to a reduction in mitochondrialmembrane potential, increased intracellular lipid peroxidation, and induced apoptosis. Metabolomic profilingrevealed significant alterations, with 516 metabolites upregulated and 531 downregulated.CONCLUSIONThis study introduced a novel prognostic model for CRC risk assessment. The findings suggested that the C.albicans metabolite mixture exerted an inhibitory effect on CRC initiation.展开更多
文摘<span style="font-family:Verdana;">In our study, we aimed to optimize the dosage regimen of Isavuconazole </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida spp. </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus spp. </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">by Mo</span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">n</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">te Carlo simulation (MSC). Pharmacokinetic parameters and microbiological data of Isavuconazole were collected. Then we used MSC to simulate 10,000 patients analyzed by Crystal Ball to calculate probability of target attainment (PTA) and cumulative fraction of response (CFR). With dosages of 100</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg, 200</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg, and 400</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg in oral group and dosages of 100</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg, and 200</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg in intravenous administration, all have different degree</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">s</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> of antifungal effect. But when the dosage regimen was 50</span><span style="font-family:""> </span><span style="font-family:""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">mg IV, the therapeutic effect of Isavuconazole against </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aspergillus spp.</span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;"> and </span><i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Candida spp. </span></i><span style="font-family:Verdana;">were not good.
文摘Purpose: To evaluate the profile of in vitro susceptibility of yeasts isolated from cases of primary and espisodic vulvovaginitis to two antifungal agents. Methods: 40 Candida isolates from episodes of vulvovaginal candidiasis were identified by classic methodologies. The susceptibility testing of the in vitro fluconazole and ketoconazole activity against the isolates was accessed by E-test. Results: C. albicans was the most common species identified in 70% of the occurrences followed by C. glabrata (20%), C. tropicalis (7.5%), and C. guilliermondii (2.5%). In the susceptibility profile to antifungal agents, 12.5% and 16.7% of the isolates obtained from primary and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis were resistant to fluconazole, respectively. To ketoconazole, we found that 6.25% and 12.5% of the isolates respectively from primary vulvovaginal candidiasis (PVVC) and episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis (EVVC) had high MIC values. Conclusions: E-test is a reliable method for the susceptibility testing of Candida spp. due to its simplicity, reproducibility, and lack of specialized equipment. Resistant strains and non-albicans species were verified more in cases of EVVC than in PVVC. Clinical and mycological cure of patients with episodic vulvovaginal candidiasis or complicated cases occurred after prolonged treatment and sometimes with multiple antifungals use.
基金supported by the Naresuan University Research Fund (R2557C079)
文摘Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Candida spp.and the virulence factors of Candida albicans(C.albicans) isolated from external surfaces of blow flies collected from Mae Sot,Tak Province,Thailand.Methods:The blow flies were collected by sterile sweep nets from three areas in Mae Sot.Yeast isolation was first performed on Sabouraud dextrose agar(SDA) supplemented with chloramphenicol and cycloheximide.The yeast isolates were then identified by using chromogenic agar,a yeast identification test kit,a germ tube formation test and a carbohydrate utilization test.The β-hemolysis was determined on 7% sheep blood agar,while phospholipase activity was measured on SDA agar supplemented with 10% egg yolk suspension.Antifungal susceptibility testing was determined by broth micro-dilution testing against ketoconazole and amphotericin B.Results:The prevalence rate of Candida spp.on the external surfaces of the blow flies was 78.1%.All C.albicans isolated from the blow fly demonstrated b-hemolysin and potent phospholipase activities and 47.1% of C.albicans were resistant to ketoconazole with MIC values 128 mg/m L.Conclusions:The results indicate that blow flies could play an essential role in the transmission of potentially pathogenic and antifungal resistant C.albicans into the environment.Further investigation on other virulence factors and genetic relatedness among isolates from the blow flies,the environment and clinical specimens is required to confirm this role.
文摘The aim of the present study have been reported to review the estrogen level in the patients with the breast cancer and healthy individuals.Breast cancer is one of the most common diseases in women worldwide that is characterized by uncontrolled growth of malignant cells in the mammary epithelial tissue.The estrogen was found at normal level in most patients with ER-positive breast cancer and in healthy individuals,while its high level was higher among patients with ER-negative breast cancer.Many studies show evidences about the role of estrogen at a high level on the development of breast cancer.The association between the estrogen levels and the presence of Candida spp.in vagina of patients with breast cancer was reviewed.
文摘BACKGROUND The oral cavity harbors more than 700 species of bacteria,which play crucial roles in the development of various oral diseases including caries,endodontic infection,periodontal infection,and diverse oral diseases.AIM To investigate the antimicrobial action of Cymbopogon Schoenanthus and Pelargonium graveolens essential oils against Streptococcus mutans,Staphylococcus aureus,Candida albicans,Ca.dubliniensis,and Ca.krusei.METHODS Minimum microbicidal concentration was determined following Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute documents.The synergistic antimicrobial activity was evaluated using the Broth microdilution checkerboard method,and the antibiofilm activity was evaluated with the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay.Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post-hoc test(P≤0.05).RESULTS C.schoenanthus and P.graveolens essential oils were as effective as 0.12%chlorhexidine against S.mutans and St.aureus monotypic biofilms after 24 h.After 24 h P.graveolens essential oil at 0.25%was more effective than the nystatin group,and C.schoenanthus essential oil at 0.25%was as effective as the nystatin group.CONCLUSION C.schoenanthus and P.graveolens essential oils are effective against S.mutans,St.aureus,Ca.albicans,Ca.dubliniensis,and Ca.krusei at different concentrations after 5 min and 24 h.
基金supported by the National Research Cen-ter,Poland,Grant No.2011/01/N/NZ6/00317by University of Lodz(2012)for A.B.The authors wish to thank M.Więckowska-Szakiel for technical assistance.
文摘The aim was to investigate the antifungal effectiveness and some of pharmacological properties of essential oils (EOs), which had not yet been thoroughly studied in the planned scope. We first evaluated MIC/MFC of sixteen EOs against C. albicans ATCC 10231. Then, five most active EOs were tested, using 50 clinical Candida spp. strains and additional reference C. albicans ATCC 90028 strain. The time-kill curve, carryover, post-antifungal effects (PAFE), mutant prevention concentrations, the susceptibility of reference strains to the cell wall disrupting agents and tolerance to oxidative stress, were evaluated. For these detailed studies, we chose the following four essential oils. Clove oil, Geranium oil, Lemon balm and Citronella oil, with MICs of 0.097% (v/v), resulted concentration- and time-dependent killing and may be therapeutically safe, because they do not generate resistance. The best one was Lemon balm, which caused most extended PAFE, significantly reduced tolerance to oxidative stress and increased susceptibility to Calcofluor White, Congo Red and SDS. Phytochemical analysis of these four EOs has been performed and compared;looking for the reason that Lemon balm was the best.
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(2020R1F1A1074155).
文摘Recently,Prevotella spp.,a major genus of gram-negative commensal bacteria in humans,have emerged as a key microbial contributor to host metabolism due to its ability to ferment dietary fibers,produce beneficial short-chain fatty acids,and influence immune responses.However,their diversity and functional differences have created challenges for their development and therapeutic use.Recent studies have shown that specific Prevotella species,such as P.copri,P.intestinalis,and P.histicola,can strengthen gut barrier integrity and reduce metabolic imbalances.Notably,Prevotella populations can be increased through high-fiber or herbal-based treatments.Traditional herbal medicines,including fiber-rich decoctions,also demonstrate the potential to boost endogenous Prevotella communities,enhance microbial fermentation,and improve glucose and lipid balance.This perspective examines the context-dependent roles of Prevotella spp.,with emphasis on the functional heterogeneity of key species such as P.copri,suggests a framework for combining herbal modulation with species-level microbiota profiling,and outlines a research plan to explore microbe-herb synergy in treating obesity,type 2 diabetes,and related metabolic disorders.This strategy offers a new,ecology-based approach to complement standard metabolic interventions.
基金Baoding Science and Technology Plan Project(Project No.:2341ZF214)。
文摘Objective:To investigate the quantitative assessment efficacy of chest CT combined with serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 in determining the progression stage of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods:A total of 100 COPD subjects from our hospital from January 2020 to December 2023 were included and randomly divided into a healthy control group and an experimental group(50 cases each).The healthy control group underwent slow vital capacity measurement using a spirometer,while the experimental group underwent high-resolution thin-slice CT scans and serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 concentration measurements.Pulmonary function parameters,symptom burden,biomarker concentrations,and imaging characteristics were compared between the two groups.Results:The FEV1/FVC ratio in the experimental group(58.3±7.2)was lower than that in the healthy control group(92.1±4.8);the total CAT score(22.4±3.5)was higher than that in the healthy control group(3.1±1.2);both Vanin-1(18.7±2.3μg/L)and SPP1(25.6±4.1μg/L)levels were higher than those in the healthy control group;LAA%-950(38.7±6.2%)and WA%(68.5±5.3%)were significantly higher than those in the healthy control group(all p<0.001).Conclusion:Chest CT combined with serum Vanin-1 and SPP1 can accurately quantify the pathological progression of COPD,providing a dual basis for clinical staging and individualized intervention.
文摘Invasive fungal infections (IFI) have recently become increasingly more prevalent, resulting in an increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Both Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. are major causes of IFI. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cumulative fraction of response of various dosage regimens of posaconazole against nine Candida spp. and six Aspergillus spp. in both children and adults. Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) was performed to optimize selection of posaconazole dosage regimens. For children, a dosage regimen of 120 mg/m2 posaconazole tid was sufficient to treat fungal infections caused by all six Aspergillus spp. and six of the nine Candida spp. (but was not effective against C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii and C. krusei). In contrast, a 400 mg dosage regimen of posaconazole bid achieved the target pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) parameters against all six Aspergillus spp. and eight of the nine Candida spp. (but was not effective against C. glabrata) in the adults. Dosage regimens of 50 mg bid, 100 mg bid, or 200 mg bid were not effective. Posaconazole dosage regimens are likely to achieve their desired PK/PD targets against Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. in both children and adults.
文摘Background:Candida species(Candida spp.)are commonly isolated microorganisms from lower respiratory tract(LRT)specimens of patients with hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP);however,the clinical significance remains controversial.This study aimed to investigate the correlation between Candida spp.in the LRT and the clinical features and prognosis of HAP.Methods:This retrospective analysis included eligible patients with HAP from the database of a prospective study carried out between 2018 and 2019 in nine Chinese hospitals.Data on demographics,clinical characteristics,and prognosis were collected and analyzed.Propensity score matching(PSM)was used to balance the baseline characteristics.Results:A total of 187 HAP patients were enrolled.After PSM of severity score,27 cases with positive sputum culture of Candida spp.were compared with the control group at a ratio of 1:1.The Candida-positive group had more bacterial isolates in blood culture than the Candida-negative group(39.1%[9/23]vs.7.7%[2/26],χ^(2)=6.928,effect size[ES]=0.38,95%CI:0.12-0.61,P=0.008).The proportion of patients with chronic lung diseases was significantly higher in the Candida-positive group(55.6%[15/27]vs.22.2%[6/27],χ^(2)=6.312,ES=0.34,95%CI:0.07-0.59,P=0.012).The 30-day prognosis of HAP was significantly different between the two groups(80.8%[21/26]vs.38.5%[10/26],χ^(2)=9.665,ES=0.43,95%CI:0.19-0.66,P=0.002).Univariable logistic regression analysis showed that LRT Candida spp.colonization was a risk factor for 30-day mortality of HAP(OR=6.720,95%CI:1.915-23.577,P=0.003).Conclusions:Candida spp.in the LRT was associated with 30-day mortality of HAP.Patients with chronic under-lying lung diseases tend to have Candida spp.colonization.
基金Supported by Gansu Province Joint Fund General Program,No.24JRRA878Gansu Provincial Science and Technology Program Project,No.24JRRA1020+2 种基金Gansu Province Key Talent Program,No.2025RCXM006Teaching Research and Reform Program for Postgraduate Education at Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine(GUSTCM),No.YBXM-202406Special Fund for Mentors of“Qihuang Talents”in the First-Level Discipline of Chinese Medicine,No.ZYXKBD-202415。
文摘BACKGROUND Emerging evidence implicates Candida albicans(C.albicans)in human oncogenesis.Notably,studies have supported its involvement in regulating outcomes in colorectal cancer(CRC).This study investigated the paradoxical role of C.albicans in CRC,aiming to determine whether it promotes or suppresses tumor development,with a focus on the mechanistic basis linked to its metabolic profile.AIM To investigate the dual role of C.albicans in the development and progression of CRC through metabolite profiling and to establish a prognostic model that integrates the microbial and metabolic interactions in CRC,providing insights into potential therapeutic strategies and clinical outcomes.METHODSA prognostic model integrating C. albicans with CRC was developed, incorporating enrichment analysis, immuneinfiltration profiling, survival analysis, Mendelian randomization, single-cell sequencing, and spatial transcriptomics.The effects of the C. albicans metabolite mixture on CRC cells were subsequently validated in vitro. Theprimary metabolite composition was characterized using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry.RESULTSA prognostic model based on five specific mRNA markers, EHD4, LIME1, GADD45B, TIMP1, and FDFT1, wasestablished. The C. albicans metabolite mixture significantly reduced CRC cell viability. Post-treatment analysisrevealed a significant decrease in gene expression in HT29 cells, while the expression levels of TIMP1, EHD4, andGADD45B were significantly elevated in HCT116 cells. Conversely, LIME1 expression and that of other CRC celllines showed reductions. In normal colonic epithelial cells (NCM460), GADD45B, TIMP1, and FDFT1 expressionlevels were significantly increased, while LIME1 and EHD4 levels were markedly reduced. Following metabolitetreatment, the invasive and migratory capabilities of NCM460, HT29, and HCT116 cells were reduced. Quantitativeanalysis of extracellular ATP post-treatment showed a significant elevation (P < 0.01). The C. albicans metabolitemixture had no effect on reactive oxygen species accumulation in CRC cells but led to a reduction in mitochondrialmembrane potential, increased intracellular lipid peroxidation, and induced apoptosis. Metabolomic profilingrevealed significant alterations, with 516 metabolites upregulated and 531 downregulated.CONCLUSIONThis study introduced a novel prognostic model for CRC risk assessment. The findings suggested that the C.albicans metabolite mixture exerted an inhibitory effect on CRC initiation.
