The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) and Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) matrices in the electroweak sector are now well-known experimentally. However, there have been only a few proposals to derive these matric...The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) and Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) matrices in the electroweak sector are now well-known experimentally. However, there have been only a few proposals to derive these matrices from an underlying theory. In this note, these matrices are derived from example scalar wavefunctions associated with a permutationally symmetric mass matrix with three states for each of the four fermion families. Such a mass matrix is consistent with an anomaly-free quantum field theory for the 4 fermion families. The derivation uses three-dimensional gaussian wavefunctions with specified widths and specified separations between the 3 wells implied by the theory. This approach first fits the diagonal elements of the matrices. A fourth element is then estimated from the properties of the scalar fields in the aforementioned model. Unitarity is then applied to compute the remaining matrix elements. The example calculations produce matrices that have a normalized root-mean-square error (RMSE) from the measured matrix of 6.09 × 10−4 and 8.34 × 10−3 for the CKM and PMNS matrices, respectively. The normalized RMSE for departure from unitarity is 9.18 × 10−4 and 8.95 × 10−3 for the two respective matrices. The results are within one standard deviation of almost all of the measured parameters for both matrices. The primary objective of this paper is to show that the matrices can be fit accurately in the context of at least one anomaly-free quantum field theory.展开更多
为探讨蒙古马高负荷调教训练前后MSTN、CKM基因的表达情况,实验首先采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR方法对4个常用内参基因(TTN、18s r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin)在臀中肌内的稳定性进行评估;确定内参基因后,对MSTN、CKM基因转录水平进行...为探讨蒙古马高负荷调教训练前后MSTN、CKM基因的表达情况,实验首先采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR方法对4个常用内参基因(TTN、18s r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin)在臀中肌内的稳定性进行评估;确定内参基因后,对MSTN、CKM基因转录水平进行测定。结果表明:在蒙古马臀中肌中稳定度依次为GAPDH(1.087)>β-actin(1.211)>TTN(1.285)>18s r RNA(1.460),选取稳定度最高的GAPDH基因作为内参基因;高负荷运动训练后MSTN基因m RNA表达量较训练前上调,而CKM基因则下调。本研究为蒙古马运动性能相关基因的研究奠定了基础。展开更多
对知识进行有效管理从而挖掘潜在的隐性知识对于培养研究生的创新能力有着重要作用,教学既要以学习者为主,亦不能轻视技术的强大动力,因此人和技术兼顾的知识管理综合化模式CKM(Comprehensive Mode of Knowledge Management)在研究生教...对知识进行有效管理从而挖掘潜在的隐性知识对于培养研究生的创新能力有着重要作用,教学既要以学习者为主,亦不能轻视技术的强大动力,因此人和技术兼顾的知识管理综合化模式CKM(Comprehensive Mode of Knowledge Management)在研究生教育中发挥着不可替代的作用。展开更多
The Fermilab CKM (E921) experiment studies a rare kaon decay which has a very small branching ratio and can be very hard to separate from background processes.A trigger and DAQ system is required to collecto all neces...The Fermilab CKM (E921) experiment studies a rare kaon decay which has a very small branching ratio and can be very hard to separate from background processes.A trigger and DAQ system is required to collecto all necessary unformation for background rejection and to maintain high reliability at high beam rate.The unique challenges have emphasized the following guiding concepts:(1) Collecting background is as important as collecting good events.(2) A DAQ "event" should not be just a "snap shot" of the detector.It should be a short history record of the detector around the candidate event. The hit history provides information to understand temporary detector blindness,which is extremely important to the CKM experiment.(3) The main purpose of the trigger system should not be "knocking down trigger rate" or "throwing out garbage events" .Instead,it should classify the events and select appropriate data collecting straegies among various predefined ones for the given types of the events.The following methodologies are epmployed in the architecture to fulfill the experiment requirements without confronting unnecessary technical difficulties.(1) Continuous digitization near the detector elements is utilized to preserve the data quality.(2) The concept of minimum synchronization is adopted to eliminate the needs of time matching signal paths.(3) A global level 1 trigger performs coincident and veto functions using digital timing information to avoid problems due to signal degrading in long calbes.(4) The DAQ logic allows to collect chronicle records around the interesting events with different levels of detail of ADC information,so that very low energy particles in the veto systems can be best detected.(5) A re-programmable hardware trigger(L2.5)and a software trigger(L3) sitting in the DAQ stream are planned to perform data selection functioins based on full detector data with adjustability.展开更多
文摘The Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) and Pontecorvo-Maki-Nakagawa-Sakata (PMNS) matrices in the electroweak sector are now well-known experimentally. However, there have been only a few proposals to derive these matrices from an underlying theory. In this note, these matrices are derived from example scalar wavefunctions associated with a permutationally symmetric mass matrix with three states for each of the four fermion families. Such a mass matrix is consistent with an anomaly-free quantum field theory for the 4 fermion families. The derivation uses three-dimensional gaussian wavefunctions with specified widths and specified separations between the 3 wells implied by the theory. This approach first fits the diagonal elements of the matrices. A fourth element is then estimated from the properties of the scalar fields in the aforementioned model. Unitarity is then applied to compute the remaining matrix elements. The example calculations produce matrices that have a normalized root-mean-square error (RMSE) from the measured matrix of 6.09 × 10−4 and 8.34 × 10−3 for the CKM and PMNS matrices, respectively. The normalized RMSE for departure from unitarity is 9.18 × 10−4 and 8.95 × 10−3 for the two respective matrices. The results are within one standard deviation of almost all of the measured parameters for both matrices. The primary objective of this paper is to show that the matrices can be fit accurately in the context of at least one anomaly-free quantum field theory.
文摘为探讨蒙古马高负荷调教训练前后MSTN、CKM基因的表达情况,实验首先采用SYBR GreenⅠ荧光定量RT-PCR方法对4个常用内参基因(TTN、18s r RNA、GAPDH、β-actin)在臀中肌内的稳定性进行评估;确定内参基因后,对MSTN、CKM基因转录水平进行测定。结果表明:在蒙古马臀中肌中稳定度依次为GAPDH(1.087)>β-actin(1.211)>TTN(1.285)>18s r RNA(1.460),选取稳定度最高的GAPDH基因作为内参基因;高负荷运动训练后MSTN基因m RNA表达量较训练前上调,而CKM基因则下调。本研究为蒙古马运动性能相关基因的研究奠定了基础。
文摘The Fermilab CKM (E921) experiment studies a rare kaon decay which has a very small branching ratio and can be very hard to separate from background processes.A trigger and DAQ system is required to collecto all necessary unformation for background rejection and to maintain high reliability at high beam rate.The unique challenges have emphasized the following guiding concepts:(1) Collecting background is as important as collecting good events.(2) A DAQ "event" should not be just a "snap shot" of the detector.It should be a short history record of the detector around the candidate event. The hit history provides information to understand temporary detector blindness,which is extremely important to the CKM experiment.(3) The main purpose of the trigger system should not be "knocking down trigger rate" or "throwing out garbage events" .Instead,it should classify the events and select appropriate data collecting straegies among various predefined ones for the given types of the events.The following methodologies are epmployed in the architecture to fulfill the experiment requirements without confronting unnecessary technical difficulties.(1) Continuous digitization near the detector elements is utilized to preserve the data quality.(2) The concept of minimum synchronization is adopted to eliminate the needs of time matching signal paths.(3) A global level 1 trigger performs coincident and veto functions using digital timing information to avoid problems due to signal degrading in long calbes.(4) The DAQ logic allows to collect chronicle records around the interesting events with different levels of detail of ADC information,so that very low energy particles in the veto systems can be best detected.(5) A re-programmable hardware trigger(L2.5)and a software trigger(L3) sitting in the DAQ stream are planned to perform data selection functioins based on full detector data with adjustability.
