Despite sulfurization offers the advantage of improving the photovoltaic performance in preparing Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)absorbers,deep level defects in the absorber and poor energy level alignment on the front surface are...Despite sulfurization offers the advantage of improving the photovoltaic performance in preparing Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)absorbers,deep level defects in the absorber and poor energy level alignment on the front surface are still main obstacles limiting the improvement of power co nversion efficiency(PCE)in sulfided CIGS solar cells.Herein,an in-situ Na doping strategy is proposed,in which the tailing effect of crystal growth is used to promote the sulfurization of CIGS absorbers.It is found that the grain growth is supported by Na incorporating due to the enrichment of NaSe_(x)near the upper surface.The high soluble Na during grain growth can not only suppress intrinsic In_(Cu) donor defects in the absorber,but also tailor S distribution in bulk and the band alignment at the heterojunction,which are both beneficial for the effective electron carriers.Meanwhile,the Na aggregation near the bottom of the absorber also contributes to the crystalline quality increasing and favorable ultra-thin MoSe_(2) formation at back contact,resulting in a reduced barrier height conducive to hole transport.PCE of the champion device is as high as 16.76%with a 28%increase.This research offers new insights into synthesizing CIGS solar cells and other chalcogenide solar cells with superior cell performance when using an intense sulfurization process.展开更多
Cryptococcosis,a serious systemic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans(C.neoformans)and its variants,poses a significant clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis and severe health implications.The tr...Cryptococcosis,a serious systemic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans(C.neoformans)and its variants,poses a significant clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis and severe health implications.The treatment of cryptococcal infections is complicated by several unique factors,stemming from both the pathogenic characteristics of the fungi and the biological barriers they exploit.These include the fungi’s protective capsule,their ability to reside within host macrophages—thereby evading pharmacological intervention—and their involvement in multi-organ infections such as the lung and brain,in particular their strategic positioning within the brain,protected by the blood-brain barrier(BBB).To overcome these obstacles,precise active targeting emerges as a pivotal strategy.Identifying common targets is imperative to enhance therapeutic efficacy while ensuring the druggability of delivery systems.However,research on the methodology for selecting such shared targets remains sparse.In our investigation,we have pioneered the use of secreted proteins as shared target to trace the pathogens and their infection pathways.We identified the mannoprotein Cig1,prominently expressed on the surfaces of infected macrophages,lungs,and brains,as a viable shared target.On this basis,we utilized Hemin,a ligand for Cig1,to design liposomes(Hemin Lip)tailored for addressing complex fungal infections.By leveraging the interaction with the secreted protein Cig1,Hemin Lip specifically identifies and binds to organs and macrophages harboring cryptococcal infections,thereby facilitating targeted and efficacious clearance of both intracellular and extracellular fungus.Moreover,we have extended this targeting mechanism to other nanomedicinal platforms,including albumin nanoparticles.This study proposes an innovative drug delivery model that targets extracellular secretory proteins within the infection microenvironment,offering a streamlined formulation with the potential for effective therapy against complex infections.展开更多
Solution-processed Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS) solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency(PCE) loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of defects.Herein, we pro...Solution-processed Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS) solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency(PCE) loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of defects.Herein, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage(VOC) of 662 m V and fill factor(FF) of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62204074)the Hebei Natural Science Foundation(F2022201061,F2023201025)+2 种基金the Open bidding for selecting the best candidates of Baoding(2023chuang206)the High-level Talent Research Startup Project of Hebei University(521100221085)the Post-graduate's Innovation Fund Project of Hebei University(HBU2024BS030).
文摘Despite sulfurization offers the advantage of improving the photovoltaic performance in preparing Cu(In,Ga)Se2(CIGS)absorbers,deep level defects in the absorber and poor energy level alignment on the front surface are still main obstacles limiting the improvement of power co nversion efficiency(PCE)in sulfided CIGS solar cells.Herein,an in-situ Na doping strategy is proposed,in which the tailing effect of crystal growth is used to promote the sulfurization of CIGS absorbers.It is found that the grain growth is supported by Na incorporating due to the enrichment of NaSe_(x)near the upper surface.The high soluble Na during grain growth can not only suppress intrinsic In_(Cu) donor defects in the absorber,but also tailor S distribution in bulk and the band alignment at the heterojunction,which are both beneficial for the effective electron carriers.Meanwhile,the Na aggregation near the bottom of the absorber also contributes to the crystalline quality increasing and favorable ultra-thin MoSe_(2) formation at back contact,resulting in a reduced barrier height conducive to hole transport.PCE of the champion device is as high as 16.76%with a 28%increase.This research offers new insights into synthesizing CIGS solar cells and other chalcogenide solar cells with superior cell performance when using an intense sulfurization process.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC No.82073789)Chongqing’Special Funding for Postdoctoral Research Projects(2212013362060154)+1 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(SWU120068)the Venture and Innovation Support Program for Chongqing Over-seas Returnees(cx2022025)。
文摘Cryptococcosis,a serious systemic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans(C.neoformans)and its variants,poses a significant clinical challenge due to its poor prognosis and severe health implications.The treatment of cryptococcal infections is complicated by several unique factors,stemming from both the pathogenic characteristics of the fungi and the biological barriers they exploit.These include the fungi’s protective capsule,their ability to reside within host macrophages—thereby evading pharmacological intervention—and their involvement in multi-organ infections such as the lung and brain,in particular their strategic positioning within the brain,protected by the blood-brain barrier(BBB).To overcome these obstacles,precise active targeting emerges as a pivotal strategy.Identifying common targets is imperative to enhance therapeutic efficacy while ensuring the druggability of delivery systems.However,research on the methodology for selecting such shared targets remains sparse.In our investigation,we have pioneered the use of secreted proteins as shared target to trace the pathogens and their infection pathways.We identified the mannoprotein Cig1,prominently expressed on the surfaces of infected macrophages,lungs,and brains,as a viable shared target.On this basis,we utilized Hemin,a ligand for Cig1,to design liposomes(Hemin Lip)tailored for addressing complex fungal infections.By leveraging the interaction with the secreted protein Cig1,Hemin Lip specifically identifies and binds to organs and macrophages harboring cryptococcal infections,thereby facilitating targeted and efficacious clearance of both intracellular and extracellular fungus.Moreover,we have extended this targeting mechanism to other nanomedicinal platforms,including albumin nanoparticles.This study proposes an innovative drug delivery model that targets extracellular secretory proteins within the infection microenvironment,offering a streamlined formulation with the potential for effective therapy against complex infections.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (62104061, 62074052, 61974173 and 52072327)。
文摘Solution-processed Cu(In,Ga)Se_(2)(CIGS) solar cells suffer from serious carrier recombination and power conversion efficiency(PCE) loss because of the poor film properties and easy formation of defects.Herein, we propose Ag&Se co-selenization strategy to enhance the crystallization and passivate harmful defects of the CIGS films. The formation of Ag-Se phase during the selenization process enables the formation of large grains and suppresses the deep level defects. It is found that Ag doping can enlarge the depletion region width, lower the Urbach energy and prolong the carrier lifetime. As a result, a champion solution-processed CIGS solar cell presents a high efficiency of 16.48% with the highly improved opencircuit voltage(VOC) of 662 m V and fill factor(FF) of 75.8%. This work provides an efficient strategy to prepare high quality solution-processed CIGS films for high-performance CIGS solar cells.
