Composites consisting of carbopol (CP) and ceramic titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO2 have been investigated. The CP-TiO2, organic-inorganic hybrid composites have been prepared in DMF by heating the mixture with a ...Composites consisting of carbopol (CP) and ceramic titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO2 have been investigated. The CP-TiO2, organic-inorganic hybrid composites have been prepared in DMF by heating the mixture with a constant rate of 1。C/min, up to 30。C, 45。C, 60。C, 80。C, 100。C and 120。C. Proprieties such as absorption, structure and external aspect of the obtained materials were investigated by Uv-vis, FTIR, DRX and SEM analyses. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed that the TiO2 nanoparticles maintained their original tetragonal anatase-type crystalline structure in the composites. The chemical structure of the obtained materials was determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the thermal proprieties of carbopol matrix was investigated using thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the carbopol matrix was considerably increased by the presence of ceramic feller nanoparticles and its thermal stability was significantly improved. Furthermore the water loss which represents 7.56% of the weight loss in pure CP at 100。C was avoided in the CP-TiO2 nanocomposites at this same temperature. This important finding revealed that ceramic fellers blocked the water loss in the modified carbopol nanocomposites, which stayed stable till 200。C.展开更多
Arthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder that progressively impairs function and diminishes quality of life.Conventional therapies often prove ineffective,as oral administration lacks specificity,resulting in off-t...Arthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder that progressively impairs function and diminishes quality of life.Conventional therapies often prove ineffective,as oral administration lacks specificity,resulting in off-target side effects like hepatotoxicity and GIT-related issues.Intravenous administration causes systemic side effects.The characteristic joint-localized symptoms such as pain,stiffness,and inflammation make the localized drug delivery suitable for managing arthritis.Topical/transdermal/intraarticular routes have become viable options for drug delivery in treating arthritis.However,challenges with those localized drug delivery routes include skin barrier and cartilage impermeability.Additionally,conventional intra-articular drug delivery also leads to rapid clearance of drugs from the synovial joint tissue.To circumvent these limitations,researchers have developed nanocarriers that enhance drug permeability through skin and cartilage,influencing localized action.Gel-based nanoengineered therapy employs a gel matrix to incorporate the drug-encapsulated nanocarriers.This approach combines the benefits of gels and nanocarriers to enhance therapeutic effects and improve patient compliance.This review emphasizes deep insights into drug delivery using diverse gelbased novel nanocarriers,exploring their various applications embedded in hyaluronic acid(biopolymer)–based gels,carbopol-based gels,and others.Furthermore,this review discusses the influence of nanocarrier pharmacokinetics on the localization and therapeutic manipulation of macrophages mediated by nanocarriers.The ELVIS(extravasation through leaky vasculature and inflammatory cell-mediated sequestration)effect associated with arthritis is advantageous in drug delivery.Simply put,the ELVIS effect refers to the extravasation of nanocarriers through leaky vasculatures,which finally results in the accumulation of nanocarriers in the joint cavity.展开更多
Background:Nanosponges are an innovative type of material with microscopic particles that are characterized by cavities that measure just a few nanometers in width.These tiny sponges are capable of encapsulating vario...Background:Nanosponges are an innovative type of material with microscopic particles that are characterized by cavities that measure just a few nanometers in width.These tiny sponges are capable of encapsulating various substances.The particles move through the body until they arrive at their designated location,where they bind to the surface and release their content.Methods:Using the Quasi-Emulsion Solution Diffusion technology,three different nanosponge formulations of Ceftriaxone can be created.These formulas are synthesized by crossing organic and inorganic substances.A surfactant,PVA,is added to the external phase to facilitate the formation of an emulsion by lowering the interfacial tension,thereby facilitating the formation of an emulsion.As a result of the incorporation of Carbopol 934 into a hydrogel matrix,the most effective formulation was nanosponge-loaded hydrogel.The prepared nanosponge hydrogel was subjected to different evaluations.Results:The skin irritation test revealed negligible irritation on the human skin.It was concluded that the hydrogel formulation caused no skin irritation and found compatible with skin.According to the antimicrobial investigation,both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to the formulated product.Ex vivo and in vitro studies indicate that the drug is initially released rapidly,followed by a sustained and controlled release.The sustained effect is more pronounced with gel formulation.Conclusion:So,it can be concluded that prepared formulation provides a targeted,extended and sustained action for the treatment of skin infections.展开更多
文摘Composites consisting of carbopol (CP) and ceramic titanium dioxide nanoparticles, TiO2 have been investigated. The CP-TiO2, organic-inorganic hybrid composites have been prepared in DMF by heating the mixture with a constant rate of 1。C/min, up to 30。C, 45。C, 60。C, 80。C, 100。C and 120。C. Proprieties such as absorption, structure and external aspect of the obtained materials were investigated by Uv-vis, FTIR, DRX and SEM analyses. The X-ray diffraction patterns confirmed that the TiO2 nanoparticles maintained their original tetragonal anatase-type crystalline structure in the composites. The chemical structure of the obtained materials was determined by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. The influence of TiO2 nanoparticles on the thermal proprieties of carbopol matrix was investigated using thermo-gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the carbopol matrix was considerably increased by the presence of ceramic feller nanoparticles and its thermal stability was significantly improved. Furthermore the water loss which represents 7.56% of the weight loss in pure CP at 100。C was avoided in the CP-TiO2 nanocomposites at this same temperature. This important finding revealed that ceramic fellers blocked the water loss in the modified carbopol nanocomposites, which stayed stable till 200。C.
文摘Arthritis is an inflammatory joint disorder that progressively impairs function and diminishes quality of life.Conventional therapies often prove ineffective,as oral administration lacks specificity,resulting in off-target side effects like hepatotoxicity and GIT-related issues.Intravenous administration causes systemic side effects.The characteristic joint-localized symptoms such as pain,stiffness,and inflammation make the localized drug delivery suitable for managing arthritis.Topical/transdermal/intraarticular routes have become viable options for drug delivery in treating arthritis.However,challenges with those localized drug delivery routes include skin barrier and cartilage impermeability.Additionally,conventional intra-articular drug delivery also leads to rapid clearance of drugs from the synovial joint tissue.To circumvent these limitations,researchers have developed nanocarriers that enhance drug permeability through skin and cartilage,influencing localized action.Gel-based nanoengineered therapy employs a gel matrix to incorporate the drug-encapsulated nanocarriers.This approach combines the benefits of gels and nanocarriers to enhance therapeutic effects and improve patient compliance.This review emphasizes deep insights into drug delivery using diverse gelbased novel nanocarriers,exploring their various applications embedded in hyaluronic acid(biopolymer)–based gels,carbopol-based gels,and others.Furthermore,this review discusses the influence of nanocarrier pharmacokinetics on the localization and therapeutic manipulation of macrophages mediated by nanocarriers.The ELVIS(extravasation through leaky vasculature and inflammatory cell-mediated sequestration)effect associated with arthritis is advantageous in drug delivery.Simply put,the ELVIS effect refers to the extravasation of nanocarriers through leaky vasculatures,which finally results in the accumulation of nanocarriers in the joint cavity.
文摘Background:Nanosponges are an innovative type of material with microscopic particles that are characterized by cavities that measure just a few nanometers in width.These tiny sponges are capable of encapsulating various substances.The particles move through the body until they arrive at their designated location,where they bind to the surface and release their content.Methods:Using the Quasi-Emulsion Solution Diffusion technology,three different nanosponge formulations of Ceftriaxone can be created.These formulas are synthesized by crossing organic and inorganic substances.A surfactant,PVA,is added to the external phase to facilitate the formation of an emulsion by lowering the interfacial tension,thereby facilitating the formation of an emulsion.As a result of the incorporation of Carbopol 934 into a hydrogel matrix,the most effective formulation was nanosponge-loaded hydrogel.The prepared nanosponge hydrogel was subjected to different evaluations.Results:The skin irritation test revealed negligible irritation on the human skin.It was concluded that the hydrogel formulation caused no skin irritation and found compatible with skin.According to the antimicrobial investigation,both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria are susceptible to the formulated product.Ex vivo and in vitro studies indicate that the drug is initially released rapidly,followed by a sustained and controlled release.The sustained effect is more pronounced with gel formulation.Conclusion:So,it can be concluded that prepared formulation provides a targeted,extended and sustained action for the treatment of skin infections.
