Water electrolysis has been regarded as a promising technology to produce clean hydrogen fuel with high purity. However, large-scale water electrolysis has been greatly hindered due to the lack of non-noble metal cata...Water electrolysis has been regarded as a promising technology to produce clean hydrogen fuel with high purity. However, large-scale water electrolysis has been greatly hindered due to the lack of non-noble metal catalysts with high catalytic performance. Benefitting from unique hollow structures with large surface area and adjustable chemical compositions, hollow design plays an important role in improving the electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). Herein, we report an effective multi-step strategy to prepare hierarchical Co-decorated Mo_(2)C hollow spheres(CMCHSs) as electrocatalyst for HER. To be specific, the preparation process involves a metal-chelated polymerization and a subsequent surface modulation process. Owing to the unique hollow structure and incorporation of Co species,the as-prepared CMCHSs demonstrate largely enhanced HER performance with a low overpotential of 139 mV at the current density of 10 m A·cm^(-2) and good cycling durability in acid. The present research work highlights a new feasible strategy for the design of HER electrocatalyst via hollow designs and surface engineering.展开更多
Tensilica公司日前宣布结盟S2C公司共建SoC原型合作伙伴关系。S2C公司为提供创新的，基于FPGA的ESL（电子系统级）和SoC原型解决方案的全球领先提供商，在中国市场属快速成长期。S2C已将Tensilica的Diamend Standard 108mini集成到TAI L...Tensilica公司日前宣布结盟S2C公司共建SoC原型合作伙伴关系。S2C公司为提供创新的，基于FPGA的ESL（电子系统级）和SoC原型解决方案的全球领先提供商，在中国市场属快速成长期。S2C已将Tensilica的Diamend Standard 108mini集成到TAI Logic Module基于FPGA的ESL平台中，并正在开发针对Tensilica广受欢迎的Diamond Standard 330HiFi音频IP核的参考设计和演示平台。展开更多
The intricate interplay between cellular circadian rhythms,primarily manifested in the chloroplast redox oscillations-characterized by diel hyperoxidation/reduction cycles of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins-and the nuclear trans...The intricate interplay between cellular circadian rhythms,primarily manifested in the chloroplast redox oscillations-characterized by diel hyperoxidation/reduction cycles of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins-and the nuclear transcription/translation feedback loop(TTFL)machinery within plant cells,demonstrates a remarkable temporal coherence.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the integration of these circadian rhythms remain elusive.In this study,we reveal that the chloroplast redox protein,NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase type C(NTRC),modulates the integration of the chloroplast redox rhythms and nuclear circadian clocks by regulating intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and sucrose.In NTRC-deficient ntrc mutants,the perturbed temporal dynamics of cytosolic metabolite pools substantially attenuate the amplitude of CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1(CCA1)mRNA oscillation while maintaining its inherent periodicity.In contrast,these fluctuations extend the period and greatly reduced the amplitude of GIGANTEA(GI).In alignment with its regulatory role,the chloroplast redox rhythm and TTFL-driven nuclear oscillators are severely disrupted in ntrc plants.The impairements are rescued by NTRC expression but not by the expression of catalytically inactive NTRC(C/S)mutant,indicating that NTRC’s redox activity is essential for synchronizing intracellular circadian rhythms.In return,the canonical nuclear clock component,TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1),regulates the diel chloroplast redox rhythm by controlling NTRC expression,as evidenced by the redox cycle of chloroplast 2-Cys peroxiredoxins.This reciprocal regulation suggests a tight coupling between chloroplast redox rhythms and nuclear oscillators.Collectively,our study has identified NTRC as a key circadian modulator,elucidating the intricate connection between the metabolite-dependent chloroplast redox rhythm and the temporal dynamics of nuclear canonical clocks.展开更多
One of the continuity conditions identified by Utumi on self-injective rings is the C3-condition, where a module M is called a C3-module if whenever A and B are direct summands of M and A A B = 0, then A B is a summa...One of the continuity conditions identified by Utumi on self-injective rings is the C3-condition, where a module M is called a C3-module if whenever A and B are direct summands of M and A A B = 0, then A B is a summand of M. In addition to injective and direct-injective modules, the class of C3-modules includes the semisimple, continuous, indecomposable and regular modules. Indeed, every commutative ring is a C3-ring. In this paper we provide a general and unified treatment of the above mentioned classes of modules in terms of the C3-condition, and establish new characterizations of several well known classes of rings.展开更多
Let R be a ring and n be a positive integer.Then R is called a left n-C2-ring(strongly left C2-ring)if every n-generated(finitely generated)proper right ideal of R has nonzero left annihilator.We discuss some n-C2 and...Let R be a ring and n be a positive integer.Then R is called a left n-C2-ring(strongly left C2-ring)if every n-generated(finitely generated)proper right ideal of R has nonzero left annihilator.We discuss some n-C2 and strongly C2 extensions,such as trivial extensions,formal triangular matrix rings,group rings and[D,C].展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51902016)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (Nos.buctrc201829 and buctrc201904)the "Double-First Class" Construction Projects (No.XK1804-02)。
文摘Water electrolysis has been regarded as a promising technology to produce clean hydrogen fuel with high purity. However, large-scale water electrolysis has been greatly hindered due to the lack of non-noble metal catalysts with high catalytic performance. Benefitting from unique hollow structures with large surface area and adjustable chemical compositions, hollow design plays an important role in improving the electrocatalytic performance for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER). Herein, we report an effective multi-step strategy to prepare hierarchical Co-decorated Mo_(2)C hollow spheres(CMCHSs) as electrocatalyst for HER. To be specific, the preparation process involves a metal-chelated polymerization and a subsequent surface modulation process. Owing to the unique hollow structure and incorporation of Co species,the as-prepared CMCHSs demonstrate largely enhanced HER performance with a low overpotential of 139 mV at the current density of 10 m A·cm^(-2) and good cycling durability in acid. The present research work highlights a new feasible strategy for the design of HER electrocatalyst via hollow designs and surface engineering.
文摘Tensilica公司日前宣布结盟S2C公司共建SoC原型合作伙伴关系。S2C公司为提供创新的，基于FPGA的ESL（电子系统级）和SoC原型解决方案的全球领先提供商，在中国市场属快速成长期。S2C已将Tensilica的Diamend Standard 108mini集成到TAI Logic Module基于FPGA的ESL平台中，并正在开发针对Tensilica广受欢迎的Diamond Standard 330HiFi音频IP核的参考设计和演示平台。
基金supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grants funded by the MSIT(grant nos.2021R1A2C1093478 and 2022R1A5A1031361 to S.Y.L.)by the Basic Science Research Program of NRF funded by the Ministry of Education(RS-2024-00462888 to S.K.P.+1 种基金NRF-2022R111A1A01065660 to H.B.C.RS-2023-00250106 to S.D.W.).
文摘The intricate interplay between cellular circadian rhythms,primarily manifested in the chloroplast redox oscillations-characterized by diel hyperoxidation/reduction cycles of 2-Cys peroxiredoxins-and the nuclear transcription/translation feedback loop(TTFL)machinery within plant cells,demonstrates a remarkable temporal coherence.However,the molecular mechanisms underlying the integration of these circadian rhythms remain elusive.In this study,we reveal that the chloroplast redox protein,NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase type C(NTRC),modulates the integration of the chloroplast redox rhythms and nuclear circadian clocks by regulating intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species and sucrose.In NTRC-deficient ntrc mutants,the perturbed temporal dynamics of cytosolic metabolite pools substantially attenuate the amplitude of CIRCADIAN CLOCK ASSOCIATED 1(CCA1)mRNA oscillation while maintaining its inherent periodicity.In contrast,these fluctuations extend the period and greatly reduced the amplitude of GIGANTEA(GI).In alignment with its regulatory role,the chloroplast redox rhythm and TTFL-driven nuclear oscillators are severely disrupted in ntrc plants.The impairements are rescued by NTRC expression but not by the expression of catalytically inactive NTRC(C/S)mutant,indicating that NTRC’s redox activity is essential for synchronizing intracellular circadian rhythms.In return,the canonical nuclear clock component,TIMING OF CAB EXPRESSION 1(TOC1),regulates the diel chloroplast redox rhythm by controlling NTRC expression,as evidenced by the redox cycle of chloroplast 2-Cys peroxiredoxins.This reciprocal regulation suggests a tight coupling between chloroplast redox rhythms and nuclear oscillators.Collectively,our study has identified NTRC as a key circadian modulator,elucidating the intricate connection between the metabolite-dependent chloroplast redox rhythm and the temporal dynamics of nuclear canonical clocks.
文摘One of the continuity conditions identified by Utumi on self-injective rings is the C3-condition, where a module M is called a C3-module if whenever A and B are direct summands of M and A A B = 0, then A B is a summand of M. In addition to injective and direct-injective modules, the class of C3-modules includes the semisimple, continuous, indecomposable and regular modules. Indeed, every commutative ring is a C3-ring. In this paper we provide a general and unified treatment of the above mentioned classes of modules in terms of the C3-condition, and establish new characterizations of several well known classes of rings.
文摘Let R be a ring and n be a positive integer.Then R is called a left n-C2-ring(strongly left C2-ring)if every n-generated(finitely generated)proper right ideal of R has nonzero left annihilator.We discuss some n-C2 and strongly C2 extensions,such as trivial extensions,formal triangular matrix rings,group rings and[D,C].
