To address the issue of residual pollution caused by polyethylene mulch,this study explored the effects of different mulching methods on the soil environment of the yam field,as well as on yam yield and quality.The ex...To address the issue of residual pollution caused by polyethylene mulch,this study explored the effects of different mulching methods on the soil environment of the yam field,as well as on yam yield and quality.The experiment comprised six treatments in total:one non-mulched treatment served as the control(CK),along with five different film-mulched treatments,namely PE,FZS12,FZS15,FC12,and FC15.The degradation of these films and their effects on soil physicochemical properties,microbial community,yam yield and quality were compared.The results showed that the FZS12 treatment achieved grade 5 degradation by the end of the planting period.Compared with PE treatment,the total soluble sugar content and yield of yam treated with FZS12 were significantly increased by 35.78%and 74.97%,respectively(p<0.05).Compared with CK and PE treatments,FZS12 significantly increased soil available nitrogen by 31.62%and 6.20%,respectively(p<0.05),and significantly increased soil available phosphorus by 8.58%and 4.45%,respectively(p<0.05).Soil pH,available nitrogen,and available phosphorus were the main environmental factors affecting the soil bacterial community.The FZS12 treatment significantly increased the relative abundances of soil bacteria phylum including Acidobacteriota,Myxococcota,Patescibacteria,and Proteobacteria compared with the CK and PE treatments.Functional prediction using Picrust2 revealed that the FZS12 treatment had significantly higher levels of signal transduction and amino acid metabolism than the CK and PE treatments.In conclusion,covering with 12μm PBAT/PLA humic acid biodegradable film enhances yam yield and total soluble sugar content by shaping beneficial soil microbial communities,activating soil nutrients.展开更多
Biobased biodegradable plastics have gained increasing attention as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials in food packaging,offering biodegradability,renewability,and reduced environmental impact.This ...Biobased biodegradable plastics have gained increasing attention as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials in food packaging,offering biodegradability,renewability,and reduced environmental impact.This review adopts a narrative review approach,integrating studies published between 2015 and 2025 from major databases to critically evaluate the recent advances,feasibility,and limitations of biobased biodegradable plastics in food packaging.Literature was thematically analyzed by material type and functional enhancement to assess their feasibility and limitations for sustainable packaging applications.Recent advances have focused on enhancing their mechanical,barrier,and functional properties through polymer blending,nanoparticle reinforcement,and incorporation of natural bioactive agents.Starch-based bioplastics,derived from renewable sources such as corn and cassava,have been improved by blending with polylactic acid(PLA)or polybutylene succinate(PBS)and reinforcing with nanocellulose or silica to enhance flexibility,strength,and thermal stability.Incorporating plant extracts and polyphenols has added antioxidant and antimicrobial functions.PLA-based films have benefited from nanoparticle fillers like zinc oxide and lignin nanoparticles,and the integration of bioactive compounds such as tea polyphenols and hop extract has enabled multifunctional,intelligent packaging with controlled release and UV protection.Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs),producedmicrobially,have been functionalizedwith tannins,ferulic acid,and other natural agents to achieve high antioxidant,antibacterial,and UV-blocking performance,while multilayer coatings have improved moisture and gas resistance.PBS composites have been enhanced using nanofillers like silver or magnesium oxide and natural additives such as quercetin and essential oils,thereby improving durability and bioactivity.Emerging materials,including chitosan-,protein-,and polysaccharide-based films,show excellent film-forming ability and compatibility with natural antimicrobials;smart systems with pH-sensing and UV-shielding functions further extend food shelf life.Despite remaining challenges such as cost,moisture sensitivity,limited scalability,and potential competition with food resources,recent progress demonstrates that biobased biodegradable plastics hold strong potential to advance sustainable,high-performance food packaging,particularly when waste is valorized.Future research should focus on improving the cost-effectiveness,scalability,and moisture resistance of biobased biodegradable plastics,while advancing waste-derived feedstocks,multifunctional smart packaging,and comprehensive life cycle assessments to ensure sustainable and practical food packaging solutions.展开更多
Biodegradable metals(BMs)have shown significant potential for applications in the field of orthopedic implants.These materials gradually degrade after implantation,eventually disappear without residue,provide necessar...Biodegradable metals(BMs)have shown significant potential for applications in the field of orthopedic implants.These materials gradually degrade after implantation,eventually disappear without residue,provide necessary mechanical support during degradation,and closely integrate with bone tissues.Fe-based BMs are particularly notable for their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.However,their slow degradation rate is a limitation.The emergence of Mn-incorporated Fe-based alloys(Fe-Mn alloys)offers the possibilities for addressing issues of slow degradation rate and incompatibility of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for Fe alloys.This review summarizes the advantages of Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants,and the cutting-edge advances in degradation,mechanical and magnetic properties,and osteogenic performance.The cytotoxicity issue is addressed for the porous structured Fe-Mn alloys caused by the enrichment of manganese ions,and thus the main challenge and the development are involved for the Fe-Mn alloys to achieve a balance among biocompatibility,structure,and degradation rate.Also the perspectives are proposed for Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants.展开更多
Zn's natural degradability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for implants,however,its mechanical properties remain insufficient for bone applications.In this study,the performance of Zn was enhanc...Zn's natural degradability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for implants,however,its mechanical properties remain insufficient for bone applications.In this study,the performance of Zn was enhanced by developing Zn-Cu alloys via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).Optimal LPBF parameters for forming stable tracks were achieved by adjusting laser power and scanning speed.Under optimized conditions of 100 W and 100 mm/s,high density(99.58%)Zn-Cu alloys with improved hardness(68.2 HV)and yield strength(160 MPa)were achieved.These improvements are attributed to solid solution strengthening,segregation strengthening,and grain refinement.The Zn-Cu alloys also demonstrated favorable degradation behavior,with a rate of 0.16 mm/year.This degradation is primarily driven by micro-galvanic corrosion between the CuZn 5 phase and Zn matrix,along with refined grains and increased grain boundary density.This work demonstrates a viable strategy for fabricating Zn-based implants with enhanced structural integrity and mechanical performance via LPBF.展开更多
Poly(butylene adipate-terephthalate)(PBAT),as one of the most common and promising biodegradable plastics,has been widely used in agriculture,packaging,and other industries due to its strong biodegradability propertie...Poly(butylene adipate-terephthalate)(PBAT),as one of the most common and promising biodegradable plastics,has been widely used in agriculture,packaging,and other industries due to its strong biodegradability properties.It is well known that PBAT suffers a series of natural weathering,mechanical wear,hydrolysis,photochemical transformation,and other abiotic degradation processes before being biodegraded.Therefore,it is particularly important to understand the role of abiotic degradation in the life cycle of PBAT.Since the abiotic degradation of PBAT has not been systematically summarized,this review aims to summarize the mechanisms and main factors of the three major abiotic degradation pathways(hydrolysis,photochemical transformation,and thermochemical degradation)of PBAT.It was found that all of them preferentially destroy the chemical bonds with higher energy(especially C-O and C=O)of PBAT,which eventually leads to the shortening of the polymer chain and then leads to reduction in molecular weight.The main factors affecting these abiotic degradations are closely related to the energy or PBAT structure.These findings provide important theoretical and practical guidance for identifying effective methods for PBAT waste management and proposing advanced schemes to regulate the degradation rate of PBAT.展开更多
This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable packaging film from blends of two natural polysaccharides,i.e.,agar and glucomannan.The glucomannan used was derived from the specific tuber plant Amorphophal...This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable packaging film from blends of two natural polysaccharides,i.e.,agar and glucomannan.The glucomannan used was derived from the specific tuber plant Amorphophallus oncophyllus(locally known as“porang”),which grows abundantly in Indonesian forests and remains underutilized.Various ratios of agar and porang-glucomannan(PG)proportions were formulated to produce a food packaging film,which was subsequently tested for its mechanical,physical,chemical,and thermal properties.The results showed that the inclusion of PG to the film formulations notably enhanced the stretchability of agar films,achieving maximum a twofold increase,while concurrently reducing their water resistance such as increased water solubility and water swelling for up to 125%and 105%,respectively.The mechanical and thermal properties,as well as the water vapor permeability of the resulting film,were significantly affected by the polymer matrix structure formed by the varying proportions of the two biopolymers.The enhancement of these properties was associated with a more solid/compact film structure,as corroborated by cross-sectional images obtained through SEM analysis.The study’s findings suggest that utilizing agar and porang biomass has significant potential for further development as an environmentally friendly food packaging material.展开更多
The organic compound composition ofwastewater,serves as a crucial indicator for the operational performance of activated sludge processes and has a major influence on the development of filamentous bulking in activate...The organic compound composition ofwastewater,serves as a crucial indicator for the operational performance of activated sludge processes and has a major influence on the development of filamentous bulking in activated sludge.This study focused on the impact of typical soluble and slowly-biodegradable organic compounds,investigating the pathways through which these substrates affect the occurrence of filamentous bulking in systems operated under both high-and low-oxygen conditions.Results showed that slowly-biodegradable organic compounds lead to a concentrated distribution of microorganisms within flocs,with inward growth of filamentous bacteria.Both Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems exhibited a significant increase in protein content.The glucose system,utilizing soluble substrates,exhibited a markedly higher total polysaccharide content.Microbial communities in the Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems were characterized by a higher abundance of bacteria known to enhance sludge flocculation and settling,such as Competibacter,Xanthomonadaceae and Zoogloea.These findings are of high significance for controlling the operational performance and stability of activated sludge systems,deepening our understanding and providing a novel perspective for the improvement of wastewater treatment processes.展开更多
Zinc-based alloys are promising biodegradable materials for application in the intestinal environment due to their appropriate degradation rates and favorable biocompatibility.However,the corrosion and degradation of ...Zinc-based alloys are promising biodegradable materials for application in the intestinal environment due to their appropriate degradation rates and favorable biocompatibility.However,the corrosion and degradation of biodegradable zinc alloys in the presence of intestinal microorganisms are seldom investigated.In this study,binary Zn-Mn alloys with 0.4 and 0.8 wt.%Mn content were fabricated using the extrusion process.The corrosion behaviors of pure zinc and Zn-Mn alloys with the existence of Lactobacillus acidophilus,a representative microorganism in the intestinal tract,were systematically investigated.In comparison to pure zinc,both Zn-Mn alloys exhibited enhanced strength and ductility.L.acidophilus significantly accelerated the corrosion of both pure zinc and Zn-Mn alloys by generating acidic agents.The presence of L.acidophilus increased the icorr values for pure zinc,Zn-0.4Mn,and Zn-0.8Mn from 68.7±9.9,33.9±2.3 and 17.1±0.1µA cm^(-2) to 253.5±26.7,167.6±8.7 and 30.6±2.2µA cm^(-2),respectively.The addition of Mn mitigated corrosion by refining grains and reducing the local surface potential difference.Compared to pure zinc,the surface potential difference of Zn-0.8Mn decreased from 31.8±1.7 mV to 11.8±0.9 mV.This study points out the existence of microbiologically influenced corrosion in the intestinal environment and emphasizes its importance in the comprehensive design of biodegradable zinc alloys.展开更多
In this study,composite films consisting of polylactic acid(PLA),ethyl cellulose(EC),and zein were prepared by solution casting method,and their performance and application in chilled fresh meat preservation were inve...In this study,composite films consisting of polylactic acid(PLA),ethyl cellulose(EC),and zein were prepared by solution casting method,and their performance and application in chilled fresh meat preservation were investigated.The results showed that the three materials had satisfactory compatibility in the composite film.Addition of EC and zein effectively improved the mechanical properties,thermodynamic properties,surface hydrophilicity,oxygen permeability,and degradation properties of PLA films.When the ratio of PLA to EC was 3:7,the tensile strength and elongation at break reached maximum values of 16.6 MPa and 30.5%,respectively.Moreover,under different conditions,the composite film exhibited better degradability than the PLA film.The composite film with a 3:7 ratio of PLA to EC had the best performance,with a degradation rate of 21.75%after 84 days.Chilled fresh meat wrapped with the composite film showed significantly improved antioxidant,antibacterial,and water-holding properties.展开更多
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MsNs)are thought to be an attractive drug delivery material because of their advantages including high specific surface area,tunable pore size and morphology,easy sur-face modification ...Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MsNs)are thought to be an attractive drug delivery material because of their advantages including high specific surface area,tunable pore size and morphology,easy sur-face modification and good biocompatibility.However,as a result of the poor biodegradability of MsNs,their biomedical applications are limited.To break the bottleneck of limited biomedical applications of MSNs,more and more researchers tend to design biodegradable MSNs(b-MSNs)nanosystems to obtain biodegradable as well as safe and reliable drug delivery carriers.In this review,we focused on sum-marizing strategies to improve the degradability of MsNs and innovatively proposed a series of advan-tages of b-MsNs,including controlled cargo release behavior,multifunctional frameworks,nano-catalysis,bio-imaging capabilities and enhanced therapeutic effects.Based on these advantages,we have inno-vatively summarized the applications of b-MsNs for enhanced tumor theranostics,including enhanced chemotherapy,delivery of nanosensitizers,gas molecules and biomacromolecules,initiation of immune response,synergistic therapies and image-guided tumor diagnostics.Finally,the challenges and further clinical translation potential of nanosystems based on b-MsNs are fully discussed and prospected.We believe that such b-MsNs delivery carriers will provide a timely reference for further applications in tu-mor theranostics.展开更多
BACKGROUND Bioresorbable scaffolds(BRS)are a promising alternative to traditional drugeluting stents(DES)for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome(ACS).They offer the potential for complete resorption,which may red...BACKGROUND Bioresorbable scaffolds(BRS)are a promising alternative to traditional drugeluting stents(DES)for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome(ACS).They offer the potential for complete resorption,which may reduce long-term complications such as stent thrombosis and late restenosis.However,the safety,compatibility,and long-term outcomes of BRS in patients with intermediate to low-risk ACS have yet to be thoroughly investigated.AIM To investigate the safety,compatibility,and long-term outcomes of BRS in patients with intermediate to low-risk ACS.METHODS Patients with intermediate to low-risk ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either DES or BRS,and were continuously recruited from January 2019 to June 2022 at a single center,were analyzed.Baseline data and clinical follow-up were collected for patients who underwent DES implantation(control group)and BRS implantation(observation group),and the survival outcomes and complications during a maximum follow-up period of 3 years were compared.The primary clinical endpoint was device-oriented composite endpoint(DoCE),representing the occurrence of one of the following events:Cardiac death,stent thrombosis,target vessel myocardial infarction,and clinically driven target lesion revascularization.Secondary endpoints included coronary artery bypass grafting,target vessel revascularization,and non-cardiac death.RESULTS A total of 128 patients were included in this study,with an average age of 63 years.Among them,95 were male(74%).The study involved treatment of 201 blood vessels:87(43%)received BRS,and 114(57%)received DES.A total of 97 patients completed the full 3-year follow-up.During this period,5 patients(17%)in the observation group and 7 patients(16%)in the control group experienced a major cardiovascular event(DoCE).At the 1-year follow-up,7 patients(15%)in the observation group and 6 patients(10%)in the control group experienced DoCE,and this difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At the 2-year follow-up,there was also a significant difference between the two groups in the number of patients who needed repeat treatment of the target blood vessel(P<0.05).In the observation group,18 patients(33%)underwent follow-up coronary angiography.During the follow-up period,one patient in the observation group was found to have re-narrowing in the proximal and middle segments of the left anterior descending artery,possibly due to BRS collapse.Another patient in the observation group developed chronic total occlusion in multiple vessels at the 3-year follow-up and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting.CONCLUSION In low-to intermediate-risk ACS patients,those who got BRS had their first major heart event sooner than those who got DES.BRS is more tissue-friendly,yet over three years both groups had about the same amount of problems-only a few BRS patients still saw the scaffold collapse or the vessel slowly block.展开更多
Due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,Mg has received widespread attention in biomaterials as implants and even biobatteries.However,the poor corrosion resistance makes it difficult to meet the gr...Due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,Mg has received widespread attention in biomaterials as implants and even biobatteries.However,the poor corrosion resistance makes it difficult to meet the growing demand for implant materials.This study developed a biodegradable nano-heterogeneous Mg(48 wt%)-Zn(52 wt%)-based metal(NHMZ)comprising nanocrystalline matrix phase Mg_(51)Zn_(20) and nanoscale MgZn_(2) precipitates.The unique microstructure of NHMZ enhances its corrosion resistance.The spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope(AC-TEM)and precession electron diffraction(PED)characterized the microstructures.The corrosion rate of NHMZ is about 0.21 mm y^(-1) after soaking for 4 weeks,approximately 58% of high pure Mg.In addition,the anode discharge of NHMZ is more stable than Mg,indicating it has great potential in biological batteries.This work hopes to broaden the development direction of biodegradable metallic materials and break through the performance limitation of current biodegradable Mg alloys.展开更多
[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions.[Methods]In this experiment...[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions.[Methods]In this experiment,compared with bare soil,a polyethylene plastic film(PE)treatment and two lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film treatments(LBF-0.01 and LBF-0.008)with different thicknesses were set to study the effects on the growth and quality of lettuce.[Results]During autumn cultivation in Shanghai,the thermal insulation performance and yield-increasing effect of the two degradable plastic films were consistent with those of PE film,and effectively met lettuce growth requirements,but treatment LBF-0.01was better than treatment LBF-0.008.Moreover,lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film could significantly increase the contents of Vc,soluble sugar and carotenoids in lettuce,and treatment LBF-0.008 showed the best effect.It could be seen that under the experimental conditions,the two kinds of lignin-based biodegradable plastic films with different thicknesses could be applied to the cultivation of lettuce in the open field in Shanghai in autumn,and LBF-0.01 had the best effect of increasing temperature and increasing yield,while LBF-0.008 had the best effect of improving quality.[Conclusions]This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the further application of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film.展开更多
Compared with traditional nickel-titanium alloy patent foramen ovale occluders,which are widely used in clinical practice,biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders have obvious differences in material characteristi...Compared with traditional nickel-titanium alloy patent foramen ovale occluders,which are widely used in clinical practice,biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders have obvious differences in material characteristics,interventional operation mode and postoperative management strategy.This article gives expert consensus on the selection of clinical indications and standardized operating procedures,so as to standardize the clinical application of biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders.展开更多
Nowadays,the development of effective bioplastics aims to combine traditional plastics’functionality with environmentally friendly properties.The most effective and durable modern bioplastics are made from the edible...Nowadays,the development of effective bioplastics aims to combine traditional plastics’functionality with environmentally friendly properties.The most effective and durable modern bioplastics are made from the edible part of crops.This forces bioplastics to competewith food production because the crops that produce bioplastics can also be used for human nutrition.That is why the article’s main focus is on creating bioplastics using renewable,non-food raw materials(cellulose,lignin,etc.).Eco-friendly composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)with reed and hemp waste as a filler.The physic-chemical features of the structure and surface,as well as the technological characteristics of reed and hemp waste as the organic fillers for renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid),were studied.Theeffect of the fractional composition analysis,morphology,and nature of reed and hempwaste on the quality of the design of eco-friendly biodegradable composites and their ability to disperse in the matrix of renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch and poly(lactic acid)was carried out.The influence of different content and morphology of reed and hemp waste on the composite characteristics was investigated.It is shown that the most optimal direction for obtaining strong eco-friendly biodegradable composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)is associated with the use of waste reed stalks,with its optimal content at the level of 50 wt.%.展开更多
The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the cha...The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.展开更多
Polymeric materials,known for their lightweight and strength,are widely used today.However,their non-biodegradable nature poses significant environmental challenges.This research aimed to develop biodegradable films f...Polymeric materials,known for their lightweight and strength,are widely used today.However,their non-biodegradable nature poses significant environmental challenges.This research aimed to develop biodegradable films from fruits and vegetables,using alginate as a binding agent.Using a completely randomized design,seven experimental sets were prepared with carrots,Kimju guava,and Namwa banana peel fibers as the primary materials and alginate as the secondary material at three levels:1.2,1.8,and 2.4 by weight.The solution technique was employed to create the samples.Upon testing mechanical and physical properties,experimental set 3,consisting of 60%guava and 1.8%alginate,emerged as the optimal ratio.This combination exhibited favorable physical properties,including a thickness of 0.26±0.02 mm,meeting the standards for food packaging films.Additionally,the tensile strength was 0.50±0.01 N/m²,and the elongation at break was 55.60±0.44%.Regarding chemical properties,the moisture content of 5.64±0.03%fell within the acceptable range for dried food.Furthermore,a 30-day soil burial test revealed that the sample from experimental set 3 exhibited the highest degradation rate.In conclusion,these findings suggest that guava can be a promising raw material for producing biodegradable plastics suitable for packaging applications.展开更多
Biodegradable implants have emerged in biomedical applications,particularly for orthopedic fixations,cardiovascular stents,and tissue engineering scaffolds.Unlike permanent implants,they are designed to degrade and be...Biodegradable implants have emerged in biomedical applications,particularly for orthopedic fixations,cardiovascular stents,and tissue engineering scaffolds.Unlike permanent implants,they are designed to degrade and be reabsorbed after implantation in the body,mitigating the need for additional surgeries and reducing associated complications.In particular,Fe-Mn-C alloys constitute a new class of promising metallic materials for medical applications due to their outstanding mechanical properties and their bio-logical performances.This study focuses on improving the degradation rates and cytotoxicity of sintered Fe-Mn-C alloys produced using the powder metallurgy process.To evaluate the impact of different pow-der preparation methods on material properties,two types of powders were used:(1)MX,prepared by mixing Fe,Mn,and C powders for 1 h;and(2)MM,obtained by mechanically milling the same powders for 10 h.Four mixtures with varying proportions of MX and MM were prepared.Two groups of samples were produced:one entirely from MX(A0),and another containing MM at 25 wt.%(A25),50 wt.%(A50),and 75 wt.%(A75).All samples exhibited a complex microstructure comprising ferrite,martensite,and residual austenite.Degradation behavior assessment in Hanks’solution over 14 days showed that adding MM increased the degradation rate,from around 0.04 mmpy for A0 to 0.12 mmpy for A25.Notably,all samples showed similar cell viability,in the range of 83%-89%for 1%extract dilution,and were non-hemolytic,with a hemolysis percentage below 1%.展开更多
Magnesium(Mg)alloys with biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties are in high demand for applications in guided bone regeneration(GBR).However,the clinical application of Mg alloys is hindered by infection...Magnesium(Mg)alloys with biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties are in high demand for applications in guided bone regeneration(GBR).However,the clinical application of Mg alloys is hindered by infection risks and limited osteogenesis.Herein,a structure-functional integrated Mg-Ca/Mg-Cu bilayer membrane was rolled at 150℃through various single-pass reductions by using online heating rolling.The Mg-Cu layer was specifically engineered to exhibit antibacterial properties tailored for gingival tissue,while the Mg-Ca layer was designed to support bone regeneration within the defect cavity.The bilayer membrane demonstrated a flexural yield strength of 421.0 MPa and a modulus of 58.6 GPa,indicating exceptional deformation resistance.Furthermore,it maintained notable structural stability by retaining 86.4%of its volume after 21 days in Hanks'solution.In vitro results revealed that the bilayer membrane exhibited favorable biocompatibility and promoted osteogenesis via the synergetic effect of released Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)ions.The rapid release of Cu^(2+)ions and the creation of an alkaline environment further improved antibacterial properties,potentially preventing postoperative infections.Additionally,in an in vivo rat calvarial defect model,the membrane demonstrated its capability to stimulate new bone formation.In summary,the Mg-Ca/Mg-Cu bilayer membrane exhibited outstanding mechanical stability,favorable corrosion rates,extraordinary osteogenic and antibacterial activity simultaneously.Consequently,it holds promise as a robust barrier membrane in GBR applications.展开更多
Designing compositions and processing of biodegradable magnesium(Mg)alloys to synergistically en-hance mechanical properties and corrosion resistance using conventional trial-and-error method is a challenging task.Thi...Designing compositions and processing of biodegradable magnesium(Mg)alloys to synergistically en-hance mechanical properties and corrosion resistance using conventional trial-and-error method is a challenging task.This study presents a Bayesian optimization(BO)-based multi-objective framework inte-grated with explainable machine learning(ML)to efficiently explore and optimize the high-dimensional design space of biodegradable Mg alloys.Using ultimate tensile strength(UTS),elongation(EL)and cor-rosion potential(E_(corr))as objective properties,the framework balances these conflicting objectives and identifies optimal solutions.A novel biodegradable Mg alloy(Mg-4.6Zn-0.3Y-0.2Mn-0.1Nd-0.1Gd,wt.%)was successfully designed,demonstrating a UTS of 320 MPa,EL of 22%and E_(corr) of−1.60 V(tested in 37℃ simulated body fluid).Compared to JDBM,the UTS has increased by 13 MPa,the EL has improved by 6.1%,and the E_(corr) has risen by 0.02 V.The experimental results presented close agreement with predicted values,validating the proposed framework.The Shapley Additive Explanation method was em-ployed to interpret the ML models,revealing extrusion temperature and Zn content as key parameters driving the optimization design.The strategy provided in this study is universal and offers a potential approach for addressing high-dimensional multi-objective optimization challenges in material develop-ment.展开更多
基金supported by the Wencheng County Science and Technology Plan Project(2023NKY03)Earmarked Fund for Modern Agro-industry Technology Research System(Grant Number CARS-24-B04,CARS-23-B05)Additional support was provided by Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(Vegetables),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,China.
文摘To address the issue of residual pollution caused by polyethylene mulch,this study explored the effects of different mulching methods on the soil environment of the yam field,as well as on yam yield and quality.The experiment comprised six treatments in total:one non-mulched treatment served as the control(CK),along with five different film-mulched treatments,namely PE,FZS12,FZS15,FC12,and FC15.The degradation of these films and their effects on soil physicochemical properties,microbial community,yam yield and quality were compared.The results showed that the FZS12 treatment achieved grade 5 degradation by the end of the planting period.Compared with PE treatment,the total soluble sugar content and yield of yam treated with FZS12 were significantly increased by 35.78%and 74.97%,respectively(p<0.05).Compared with CK and PE treatments,FZS12 significantly increased soil available nitrogen by 31.62%and 6.20%,respectively(p<0.05),and significantly increased soil available phosphorus by 8.58%and 4.45%,respectively(p<0.05).Soil pH,available nitrogen,and available phosphorus were the main environmental factors affecting the soil bacterial community.The FZS12 treatment significantly increased the relative abundances of soil bacteria phylum including Acidobacteriota,Myxococcota,Patescibacteria,and Proteobacteria compared with the CK and PE treatments.Functional prediction using Picrust2 revealed that the FZS12 treatment had significantly higher levels of signal transduction and amino acid metabolism than the CK and PE treatments.In conclusion,covering with 12μm PBAT/PLA humic acid biodegradable film enhances yam yield and total soluble sugar content by shaping beneficial soil microbial communities,activating soil nutrients.
文摘Biobased biodegradable plastics have gained increasing attention as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based materials in food packaging,offering biodegradability,renewability,and reduced environmental impact.This review adopts a narrative review approach,integrating studies published between 2015 and 2025 from major databases to critically evaluate the recent advances,feasibility,and limitations of biobased biodegradable plastics in food packaging.Literature was thematically analyzed by material type and functional enhancement to assess their feasibility and limitations for sustainable packaging applications.Recent advances have focused on enhancing their mechanical,barrier,and functional properties through polymer blending,nanoparticle reinforcement,and incorporation of natural bioactive agents.Starch-based bioplastics,derived from renewable sources such as corn and cassava,have been improved by blending with polylactic acid(PLA)or polybutylene succinate(PBS)and reinforcing with nanocellulose or silica to enhance flexibility,strength,and thermal stability.Incorporating plant extracts and polyphenols has added antioxidant and antimicrobial functions.PLA-based films have benefited from nanoparticle fillers like zinc oxide and lignin nanoparticles,and the integration of bioactive compounds such as tea polyphenols and hop extract has enabled multifunctional,intelligent packaging with controlled release and UV protection.Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs),producedmicrobially,have been functionalizedwith tannins,ferulic acid,and other natural agents to achieve high antioxidant,antibacterial,and UV-blocking performance,while multilayer coatings have improved moisture and gas resistance.PBS composites have been enhanced using nanofillers like silver or magnesium oxide and natural additives such as quercetin and essential oils,thereby improving durability and bioactivity.Emerging materials,including chitosan-,protein-,and polysaccharide-based films,show excellent film-forming ability and compatibility with natural antimicrobials;smart systems with pH-sensing and UV-shielding functions further extend food shelf life.Despite remaining challenges such as cost,moisture sensitivity,limited scalability,and potential competition with food resources,recent progress demonstrates that biobased biodegradable plastics hold strong potential to advance sustainable,high-performance food packaging,particularly when waste is valorized.Future research should focus on improving the cost-effectiveness,scalability,and moisture resistance of biobased biodegradable plastics,while advancing waste-derived feedstocks,multifunctional smart packaging,and comprehensive life cycle assessments to ensure sustainable and practical food packaging solutions.
基金financially supported by the Shandong Province Natural Science Foundation(No.ZR2023ME181)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52305313)the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(Nos.2023JJ40553 and 2023JJ60433)。
文摘Biodegradable metals(BMs)have shown significant potential for applications in the field of orthopedic implants.These materials gradually degrade after implantation,eventually disappear without residue,provide necessary mechanical support during degradation,and closely integrate with bone tissues.Fe-based BMs are particularly notable for their good mechanical properties and biocompatibility.However,their slow degradation rate is a limitation.The emergence of Mn-incorporated Fe-based alloys(Fe-Mn alloys)offers the possibilities for addressing issues of slow degradation rate and incompatibility of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)for Fe alloys.This review summarizes the advantages of Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants,and the cutting-edge advances in degradation,mechanical and magnetic properties,and osteogenic performance.The cytotoxicity issue is addressed for the porous structured Fe-Mn alloys caused by the enrichment of manganese ions,and thus the main challenge and the development are involved for the Fe-Mn alloys to achieve a balance among biocompatibility,structure,and degradation rate.Also the perspectives are proposed for Fe-Mn alloys as orthopedic implants.
基金Projects(52571276,52275395,U24A20120,52475362)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2025JJ30015)supported by the Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation,China+3 种基金Project(2023RC3046)supported by the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province,ChinaProject(2023YFB4605800)supported by National Key Research and Development Program of ChinaProject(2023CXQD023)supported by the Central South University Innovation-Driven Research Programme,ChinaProject supported by the State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance,Central South University,China。
文摘Zn's natural degradability and biocompatibility make it a promising candidate for implants,however,its mechanical properties remain insufficient for bone applications.In this study,the performance of Zn was enhanced by developing Zn-Cu alloys via laser powder bed fusion(LPBF).Optimal LPBF parameters for forming stable tracks were achieved by adjusting laser power and scanning speed.Under optimized conditions of 100 W and 100 mm/s,high density(99.58%)Zn-Cu alloys with improved hardness(68.2 HV)and yield strength(160 MPa)were achieved.These improvements are attributed to solid solution strengthening,segregation strengthening,and grain refinement.The Zn-Cu alloys also demonstrated favorable degradation behavior,with a rate of 0.16 mm/year.This degradation is primarily driven by micro-galvanic corrosion between the CuZn 5 phase and Zn matrix,along with refined grains and increased grain boundary density.This work demonstrates a viable strategy for fabricating Zn-based implants with enhanced structural integrity and mechanical performance via LPBF.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2022YFC3901800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22176041)Guangzhou Science and Technology Planning Project(No.2023A04J0918)。
文摘Poly(butylene adipate-terephthalate)(PBAT),as one of the most common and promising biodegradable plastics,has been widely used in agriculture,packaging,and other industries due to its strong biodegradability properties.It is well known that PBAT suffers a series of natural weathering,mechanical wear,hydrolysis,photochemical transformation,and other abiotic degradation processes before being biodegraded.Therefore,it is particularly important to understand the role of abiotic degradation in the life cycle of PBAT.Since the abiotic degradation of PBAT has not been systematically summarized,this review aims to summarize the mechanisms and main factors of the three major abiotic degradation pathways(hydrolysis,photochemical transformation,and thermochemical degradation)of PBAT.It was found that all of them preferentially destroy the chemical bonds with higher energy(especially C-O and C=O)of PBAT,which eventually leads to the shortening of the polymer chain and then leads to reduction in molecular weight.The main factors affecting these abiotic degradations are closely related to the energy or PBAT structure.These findings provide important theoretical and practical guidance for identifying effective methods for PBAT waste management and proposing advanced schemes to regulate the degradation rate of PBAT.
基金funded by a research grant from the Lembaga Pengelola Dana Pendidikan-Ministry of Finance Republic of Indonesia(https://risprolpdp.kemenkeu.go.id/)(accessed on 13 September 2024)awarded under the Riset dan Inovasi untuk Indonesia Maju program with grant number 82/II.7/HK/2022.
文摘This study aimed to develop and characterize biodegradable packaging film from blends of two natural polysaccharides,i.e.,agar and glucomannan.The glucomannan used was derived from the specific tuber plant Amorphophallus oncophyllus(locally known as“porang”),which grows abundantly in Indonesian forests and remains underutilized.Various ratios of agar and porang-glucomannan(PG)proportions were formulated to produce a food packaging film,which was subsequently tested for its mechanical,physical,chemical,and thermal properties.The results showed that the inclusion of PG to the film formulations notably enhanced the stretchability of agar films,achieving maximum a twofold increase,while concurrently reducing their water resistance such as increased water solubility and water swelling for up to 125%and 105%,respectively.The mechanical and thermal properties,as well as the water vapor permeability of the resulting film,were significantly affected by the polymer matrix structure formed by the varying proportions of the two biopolymers.The enhancement of these properties was associated with a more solid/compact film structure,as corroborated by cross-sectional images obtained through SEM analysis.The study’s findings suggest that utilizing agar and porang biomass has significant potential for further development as an environmentally friendly food packaging material.
基金supported by the Opening Project of National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology,and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52270017).
文摘The organic compound composition ofwastewater,serves as a crucial indicator for the operational performance of activated sludge processes and has a major influence on the development of filamentous bulking in activated sludge.This study focused on the impact of typical soluble and slowly-biodegradable organic compounds,investigating the pathways through which these substrates affect the occurrence of filamentous bulking in systems operated under both high-and low-oxygen conditions.Results showed that slowly-biodegradable organic compounds lead to a concentrated distribution of microorganisms within flocs,with inward growth of filamentous bacteria.Both Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems exhibited a significant increase in protein content.The glucose system,utilizing soluble substrates,exhibited a markedly higher total polysaccharide content.Microbial communities in the Tween-80 and granular starch treated systems were characterized by a higher abundance of bacteria known to enhance sludge flocculation and settling,such as Competibacter,Xanthomonadaceae and Zoogloea.These findings are of high significance for controlling the operational performance and stability of activated sludge systems,deepening our understanding and providing a novel perspective for the improvement of wastewater treatment processes.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52231010).
文摘Zinc-based alloys are promising biodegradable materials for application in the intestinal environment due to their appropriate degradation rates and favorable biocompatibility.However,the corrosion and degradation of biodegradable zinc alloys in the presence of intestinal microorganisms are seldom investigated.In this study,binary Zn-Mn alloys with 0.4 and 0.8 wt.%Mn content were fabricated using the extrusion process.The corrosion behaviors of pure zinc and Zn-Mn alloys with the existence of Lactobacillus acidophilus,a representative microorganism in the intestinal tract,were systematically investigated.In comparison to pure zinc,both Zn-Mn alloys exhibited enhanced strength and ductility.L.acidophilus significantly accelerated the corrosion of both pure zinc and Zn-Mn alloys by generating acidic agents.The presence of L.acidophilus increased the icorr values for pure zinc,Zn-0.4Mn,and Zn-0.8Mn from 68.7±9.9,33.9±2.3 and 17.1±0.1µA cm^(-2) to 253.5±26.7,167.6±8.7 and 30.6±2.2µA cm^(-2),respectively.The addition of Mn mitigated corrosion by refining grains and reducing the local surface potential difference.Compared to pure zinc,the surface potential difference of Zn-0.8Mn decreased from 31.8±1.7 mV to 11.8±0.9 mV.This study points out the existence of microbiologically influenced corrosion in the intestinal environment and emphasizes its importance in the comprehensive design of biodegradable zinc alloys.
文摘In this study,composite films consisting of polylactic acid(PLA),ethyl cellulose(EC),and zein were prepared by solution casting method,and their performance and application in chilled fresh meat preservation were investigated.The results showed that the three materials had satisfactory compatibility in the composite film.Addition of EC and zein effectively improved the mechanical properties,thermodynamic properties,surface hydrophilicity,oxygen permeability,and degradation properties of PLA films.When the ratio of PLA to EC was 3:7,the tensile strength and elongation at break reached maximum values of 16.6 MPa and 30.5%,respectively.Moreover,under different conditions,the composite film exhibited better degradability than the PLA film.The composite film with a 3:7 ratio of PLA to EC had the best performance,with a degradation rate of 21.75%after 84 days.Chilled fresh meat wrapped with the composite film showed significantly improved antioxidant,antibacterial,and water-holding properties.
基金from"XingLiao Talent Program"of Liaoning Province(No.XLYC2203156)Shenyang Young and Middle-aged Science and Technology Innovation Talent Support Program(No.RC220397)are greatly acknowledged。
文摘Mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MsNs)are thought to be an attractive drug delivery material because of their advantages including high specific surface area,tunable pore size and morphology,easy sur-face modification and good biocompatibility.However,as a result of the poor biodegradability of MsNs,their biomedical applications are limited.To break the bottleneck of limited biomedical applications of MSNs,more and more researchers tend to design biodegradable MSNs(b-MSNs)nanosystems to obtain biodegradable as well as safe and reliable drug delivery carriers.In this review,we focused on sum-marizing strategies to improve the degradability of MsNs and innovatively proposed a series of advan-tages of b-MsNs,including controlled cargo release behavior,multifunctional frameworks,nano-catalysis,bio-imaging capabilities and enhanced therapeutic effects.Based on these advantages,we have inno-vatively summarized the applications of b-MsNs for enhanced tumor theranostics,including enhanced chemotherapy,delivery of nanosensitizers,gas molecules and biomacromolecules,initiation of immune response,synergistic therapies and image-guided tumor diagnostics.Finally,the challenges and further clinical translation potential of nanosystems based on b-MsNs are fully discussed and prospected.We believe that such b-MsNs delivery carriers will provide a timely reference for further applications in tu-mor theranostics.
文摘BACKGROUND Bioresorbable scaffolds(BRS)are a promising alternative to traditional drugeluting stents(DES)for the treatment of acute coronary syndrome(ACS).They offer the potential for complete resorption,which may reduce long-term complications such as stent thrombosis and late restenosis.However,the safety,compatibility,and long-term outcomes of BRS in patients with intermediate to low-risk ACS have yet to be thoroughly investigated.AIM To investigate the safety,compatibility,and long-term outcomes of BRS in patients with intermediate to low-risk ACS.METHODS Patients with intermediate to low-risk ACS who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention with either DES or BRS,and were continuously recruited from January 2019 to June 2022 at a single center,were analyzed.Baseline data and clinical follow-up were collected for patients who underwent DES implantation(control group)and BRS implantation(observation group),and the survival outcomes and complications during a maximum follow-up period of 3 years were compared.The primary clinical endpoint was device-oriented composite endpoint(DoCE),representing the occurrence of one of the following events:Cardiac death,stent thrombosis,target vessel myocardial infarction,and clinically driven target lesion revascularization.Secondary endpoints included coronary artery bypass grafting,target vessel revascularization,and non-cardiac death.RESULTS A total of 128 patients were included in this study,with an average age of 63 years.Among them,95 were male(74%).The study involved treatment of 201 blood vessels:87(43%)received BRS,and 114(57%)received DES.A total of 97 patients completed the full 3-year follow-up.During this period,5 patients(17%)in the observation group and 7 patients(16%)in the control group experienced a major cardiovascular event(DoCE).At the 1-year follow-up,7 patients(15%)in the observation group and 6 patients(10%)in the control group experienced DoCE,and this difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).At the 2-year follow-up,there was also a significant difference between the two groups in the number of patients who needed repeat treatment of the target blood vessel(P<0.05).In the observation group,18 patients(33%)underwent follow-up coronary angiography.During the follow-up period,one patient in the observation group was found to have re-narrowing in the proximal and middle segments of the left anterior descending artery,possibly due to BRS collapse.Another patient in the observation group developed chronic total occlusion in multiple vessels at the 3-year follow-up and underwent coronary artery bypass grafting.CONCLUSION In low-to intermediate-risk ACS patients,those who got BRS had their first major heart event sooner than those who got DES.BRS is more tissue-friendly,yet over three years both groups had about the same amount of problems-only a few BRS patients still saw the scaffold collapse or the vessel slowly block.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52201300)the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2023YFC2416800)+1 种基金China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(No.2021M702090)Changshu Science and Technology Program(Industrial)Project(No.CG202107).
文摘Due to its excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability,Mg has received widespread attention in biomaterials as implants and even biobatteries.However,the poor corrosion resistance makes it difficult to meet the growing demand for implant materials.This study developed a biodegradable nano-heterogeneous Mg(48 wt%)-Zn(52 wt%)-based metal(NHMZ)comprising nanocrystalline matrix phase Mg_(51)Zn_(20) and nanoscale MgZn_(2) precipitates.The unique microstructure of NHMZ enhances its corrosion resistance.The spherical aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope(AC-TEM)and precession electron diffraction(PED)characterized the microstructures.The corrosion rate of NHMZ is about 0.21 mm y^(-1) after soaking for 4 weeks,approximately 58% of high pure Mg.In addition,the anode discharge of NHMZ is more stable than Mg,indicating it has great potential in biological batteries.This work hopes to broaden the development direction of biodegradable metallic materials and break through the performance limitation of current biodegradable Mg alloys.
基金Supported by Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan,China(22N51900900).
文摘[Objectives]This study was conducted to investigate the effects of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film on the growth and quality of lettuce under open-field cultivation conditions.[Methods]In this experiment,compared with bare soil,a polyethylene plastic film(PE)treatment and two lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film treatments(LBF-0.01 and LBF-0.008)with different thicknesses were set to study the effects on the growth and quality of lettuce.[Results]During autumn cultivation in Shanghai,the thermal insulation performance and yield-increasing effect of the two degradable plastic films were consistent with those of PE film,and effectively met lettuce growth requirements,but treatment LBF-0.01was better than treatment LBF-0.008.Moreover,lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film could significantly increase the contents of Vc,soluble sugar and carotenoids in lettuce,and treatment LBF-0.008 showed the best effect.It could be seen that under the experimental conditions,the two kinds of lignin-based biodegradable plastic films with different thicknesses could be applied to the cultivation of lettuce in the open field in Shanghai in autumn,and LBF-0.01 had the best effect of increasing temperature and increasing yield,while LBF-0.008 had the best effect of improving quality.[Conclusions]This study provides theoretical basis and technical support for the further application of lignin-based fully biodegradable plastic film.
基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Fuwai Hospital High Level Hospital clinical research fund(2022-GSPGG-18).
文摘Compared with traditional nickel-titanium alloy patent foramen ovale occluders,which are widely used in clinical practice,biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders have obvious differences in material characteristics,interventional operation mode and postoperative management strategy.This article gives expert consensus on the selection of clinical indications and standardized operating procedures,so as to standardize the clinical application of biodegradable patent foramen ovale occluders.
文摘Nowadays,the development of effective bioplastics aims to combine traditional plastics’functionality with environmentally friendly properties.The most effective and durable modern bioplastics are made from the edible part of crops.This forces bioplastics to competewith food production because the crops that produce bioplastics can also be used for human nutrition.That is why the article’s main focus is on creating bioplastics using renewable,non-food raw materials(cellulose,lignin,etc.).Eco-friendly composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)with reed and hemp waste as a filler.The physic-chemical features of the structure and surface,as well as the technological characteristics of reed and hemp waste as the organic fillers for renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid),were studied.Theeffect of the fractional composition analysis,morphology,and nature of reed and hempwaste on the quality of the design of eco-friendly biodegradable composites and their ability to disperse in the matrix of renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch and poly(lactic acid)was carried out.The influence of different content and morphology of reed and hemp waste on the composite characteristics was investigated.It is shown that the most optimal direction for obtaining strong eco-friendly biodegradable composites based on a renewable bioplastic blend of polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate,corn starch,and poly(lactic acid)is associated with the use of waste reed stalks,with its optimal content at the level of 50 wt.%.
基金supported by the Science and Technology Research Project of Henan Province(222102230031)Key Scientific Research Projects of Colleges and Universities in Henan Province(23A430018)Natural Science Foundation of Henan(252300420267).
文摘The current global shortage of oil resources and the pollution problems caused by traditional barrier materials urgently require the search for new substitutes.Biodegradable bio-based barrier materials possess the characteristics of being renewable,environmentally friendly,and having excellent barrier properties.They have become an important choice in fields such as food packaging,agricultural film covering,and medical protection.This review systematically analyzes the design and research of this type of material,classifying biobased and biodegradable barrier materials based on the sources of raw materials and synthesis pathways.It also provides a detailed introduction to the latest research progress of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,discussing the synthesis methods and improvement measures of their barrier properties.Subsequently,it analyzes the related technologies for enhancing the barrier properties of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials,and finally looks forward to the directions that future research should focus on,promoting the transition of biobased and biodegradable barrier materials from the laboratory to industrial applications.
基金funding from the Environmental Science Program for Academic Excellence and Community Research for Fiscal Year 2024,a financial resource of the Environmental Science and Technology Program,Faculty of Science,Buriram Rajabhat University.Additionally,Buriram Rajabhat University provided a publication budget.
文摘Polymeric materials,known for their lightweight and strength,are widely used today.However,their non-biodegradable nature poses significant environmental challenges.This research aimed to develop biodegradable films from fruits and vegetables,using alginate as a binding agent.Using a completely randomized design,seven experimental sets were prepared with carrots,Kimju guava,and Namwa banana peel fibers as the primary materials and alginate as the secondary material at three levels:1.2,1.8,and 2.4 by weight.The solution technique was employed to create the samples.Upon testing mechanical and physical properties,experimental set 3,consisting of 60%guava and 1.8%alginate,emerged as the optimal ratio.This combination exhibited favorable physical properties,including a thickness of 0.26±0.02 mm,meeting the standards for food packaging films.Additionally,the tensile strength was 0.50±0.01 N/m²,and the elongation at break was 55.60±0.44%.Regarding chemical properties,the moisture content of 5.64±0.03%fell within the acceptable range for dried food.Furthermore,a 30-day soil burial test revealed that the sample from experimental set 3 exhibited the highest degradation rate.In conclusion,these findings suggest that guava can be a promising raw material for producing biodegradable plastics suitable for packaging applications.
基金supported by the Natural Science and En-gineering Research Council of Canada(Discovery and Alliance),and PRIMA(Quebec Ministry for Economy and Innovation).
文摘Biodegradable implants have emerged in biomedical applications,particularly for orthopedic fixations,cardiovascular stents,and tissue engineering scaffolds.Unlike permanent implants,they are designed to degrade and be reabsorbed after implantation in the body,mitigating the need for additional surgeries and reducing associated complications.In particular,Fe-Mn-C alloys constitute a new class of promising metallic materials for medical applications due to their outstanding mechanical properties and their bio-logical performances.This study focuses on improving the degradation rates and cytotoxicity of sintered Fe-Mn-C alloys produced using the powder metallurgy process.To evaluate the impact of different pow-der preparation methods on material properties,two types of powders were used:(1)MX,prepared by mixing Fe,Mn,and C powders for 1 h;and(2)MM,obtained by mechanically milling the same powders for 10 h.Four mixtures with varying proportions of MX and MM were prepared.Two groups of samples were produced:one entirely from MX(A0),and another containing MM at 25 wt.%(A25),50 wt.%(A50),and 75 wt.%(A75).All samples exhibited a complex microstructure comprising ferrite,martensite,and residual austenite.Degradation behavior assessment in Hanks’solution over 14 days showed that adding MM increased the degradation rate,from around 0.04 mmpy for A0 to 0.12 mmpy for A25.Notably,all samples showed similar cell viability,in the range of 83%-89%for 1%extract dilution,and were non-hemolytic,with a hemolysis percentage below 1%.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51972339,52072023,and 51802350)the National Natural Science Found for Distinguished Young Scholars(52225101)+3 种基金the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2022M720551)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(CSTB2023NSCQ-MSX0527,cstc2021jcyj-msxmX0993)the Chongqing Academician Special Fund(2022YSZX-JCX0014CSTB)the Chongqing Science and Technology Commission(CSTB2022NSCQ-MSX0416).
文摘Magnesium(Mg)alloys with biodegradability and excellent mechanical properties are in high demand for applications in guided bone regeneration(GBR).However,the clinical application of Mg alloys is hindered by infection risks and limited osteogenesis.Herein,a structure-functional integrated Mg-Ca/Mg-Cu bilayer membrane was rolled at 150℃through various single-pass reductions by using online heating rolling.The Mg-Cu layer was specifically engineered to exhibit antibacterial properties tailored for gingival tissue,while the Mg-Ca layer was designed to support bone regeneration within the defect cavity.The bilayer membrane demonstrated a flexural yield strength of 421.0 MPa and a modulus of 58.6 GPa,indicating exceptional deformation resistance.Furthermore,it maintained notable structural stability by retaining 86.4%of its volume after 21 days in Hanks'solution.In vitro results revealed that the bilayer membrane exhibited favorable biocompatibility and promoted osteogenesis via the synergetic effect of released Mg^(2+)and Ca^(2+)ions.The rapid release of Cu^(2+)ions and the creation of an alkaline environment further improved antibacterial properties,potentially preventing postoperative infections.Additionally,in an in vivo rat calvarial defect model,the membrane demonstrated its capability to stimulate new bone formation.In summary,the Mg-Ca/Mg-Cu bilayer membrane exhibited outstanding mechanical stability,favorable corrosion rates,extraordinary osteogenic and antibacterial activity simultaneously.Consequently,it holds promise as a robust barrier membrane in GBR applications.
基金financially supported by the National Natu-ral Science Foundation of China(No.52301133)the China Post-doctoral Science Foundation(No.2023M730276)+1 种基金the Young Elite Scientists Sponsorship Program by China Association for Science and Technology(No.YESS20210415)the Graduate Innovation Pro-gram of Chongqing University of Science and Technology(No.YKJCX2320218).
文摘Designing compositions and processing of biodegradable magnesium(Mg)alloys to synergistically en-hance mechanical properties and corrosion resistance using conventional trial-and-error method is a challenging task.This study presents a Bayesian optimization(BO)-based multi-objective framework inte-grated with explainable machine learning(ML)to efficiently explore and optimize the high-dimensional design space of biodegradable Mg alloys.Using ultimate tensile strength(UTS),elongation(EL)and cor-rosion potential(E_(corr))as objective properties,the framework balances these conflicting objectives and identifies optimal solutions.A novel biodegradable Mg alloy(Mg-4.6Zn-0.3Y-0.2Mn-0.1Nd-0.1Gd,wt.%)was successfully designed,demonstrating a UTS of 320 MPa,EL of 22%and E_(corr) of−1.60 V(tested in 37℃ simulated body fluid).Compared to JDBM,the UTS has increased by 13 MPa,the EL has improved by 6.1%,and the E_(corr) has risen by 0.02 V.The experimental results presented close agreement with predicted values,validating the proposed framework.The Shapley Additive Explanation method was em-ployed to interpret the ML models,revealing extrusion temperature and Zn content as key parameters driving the optimization design.The strategy provided in this study is universal and offers a potential approach for addressing high-dimensional multi-objective optimization challenges in material develop-ment.
