In the experiment, by taking Quercus engleriana Seem., Betula albo- sinensis Burk., Abies faxoniana Rehd. and Fargesia rufa Yi, in the vegetation restoration pattern area of Beichuan Nature Reserve as the research obj...In the experiment, by taking Quercus engleriana Seem., Betula albo- sinensis Burk., Abies faxoniana Rehd. and Fargesia rufa Yi, in the vegetation restoration pattern area of Beichuan Nature Reserve as the research objects, the study on the biomass models, the biomass distribution law of single plant and the growth rule of every organ of the four tree species was made. The results indicated that in the compositions of all of the species, the proportion of trunk biomass was the highest, while that of trunk biomass was the lowest, the proportions of branch and root biomasses varied depending on species; in the comparison of correlativity between the proportions of biomasses of all nutrition organs and biomass of single plant, the relations were generally significant, the tree trunks were positively related while the roots were negatively related; the proportion of trunk biomass of all species was significantly and negatively related to the proportions of leaf and branch biomasses, while the biomass of leaves was significantly and positively related to the biomass of branches.展开更多
Analyzing and measuring the spatial distribution pattern of human settlement environment suitability in Beichuan County China is of great significance for optimizing population distribution and promoting human develop...Analyzing and measuring the spatial distribution pattern of human settlement environment suitability in Beichuan County China is of great significance for optimizing population distribution and promoting human development and environmental protection. Based on the DEM data and other data of Beichuan County, this paper uses GIS and ENVI software to extract four spatial distribution data of vegetation coverage index, topographic relief, hydrological index and natural disaster risk, and the spatial distribution pattern of natural suitability of human settlement environment in Beichuan County was obtained through overlay analysis. The results show: 1) Most of the areas with small topographic relief are located in the southeast of the study area, which is New Beichuan County and Anchang Town and Yong’an Town. The vegetation coverage index in the eastern region is higher, while the vegetation coverage index in the western and other high altitude regions is lower because there are more grasslands. 2) From the perspective of spatial distribution, Beichuan County as a whole is rich in water resources in the central and eastern part of the county, while the west is short of water resources;Chenjiaba Township, Guixi Town and Old Beichuan County are located on the fault zone with high natural disaster risk, the natural disaster risk is high in Piankou Township and Xiaoba Town and Kaiping Township Area. 3) The human settlement environment index of Beichuan county is 19.72 - 85.25;The natural suitability is the highest in the southeast, followed by the central and western regions, and the worst is located in the Piankou-Xiaoba and Old Beichuan-Guixi fault zones. 4) The general suitable area in Beichuan County is the largest, accounting for 30.4% of the total area of the study area. More suitable area ranked second, accounting for 29.33%;critical fitness suitable area accounted for 17.87%;the area of suitable highly suitable area accounted for 14.06%, and the unsuitable area accounted for 8.32%. Reasonable and efficient development and use of local resources is an inevitable way for the sustainable development of Beichuan County.展开更多
The Wenchuan earthquake of 2008 in the Sichuan Province(China)is one of the most destructive earthquakes in recent years.It killed about 89 thousand people and caused considerable economic damage.In the first phase of...The Wenchuan earthquake of 2008 in the Sichuan Province(China)is one of the most destructive earthquakes in recent years.It killed about 89 thousand people and caused considerable economic damage.In the first phase of research the main objective was in detailed image interpretation and mapping of the territory of a key site around Beichuan City,at the initial stage of adaptation of the natural-technical environment after the catastrophic earthquake.For this purpose we used展开更多
The present-day stress state of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault after the Wenchuan earthquake was re-estimated using measured in-situ stress data obtained after the Wenchuan earthquake. The results reveal that the gradient...The present-day stress state of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault after the Wenchuan earthquake was re-estimated using measured in-situ stress data obtained after the Wenchuan earthquake. The results reveal that the gradient coefficients of principal stresses versus depth decrease from south to north along the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault, revealing that the stress level decreases from south to north. The consistency between the present-day stress levels and surface ruptures generated during the earthquake indicates that the accumulated tectonic stress beneath the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault before the Wenchuan earthquake was relieved in form of surface ruptures. This resulted in the stress remaining high in the southern section of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault but relatively low in the northern section. Abnormal high pore pressure conditions and an extremely low frictional coefficient play important role in the interpretation of the stress field adjustment and seismic events observed after the Wenchuan earthquake along this fault, according to the estimation results using the Coulomb frictional-failure theory incorporating frictional coefficients ranging from 0.4 to 1.0. To accurately estimate the seismological hazard of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault by analyzing fault instability using the Coulomb frictional-failure theory, much attention should be focused on the pore pressure conditions and the evolution state of the frictional coefficient under the present-day stress state.展开更多
This discussion interrogates the ruins of Beichuan, a county town in North Sichuan that was destroyed and rendered uninhabitable by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Those ruins exist today in two principal forms. The rem...This discussion interrogates the ruins of Beichuan, a county town in North Sichuan that was destroyed and rendered uninhabitable by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Those ruins exist today in two principal forms. The remains of the original townsite have been evacuated and opened to the public as an open-air memorial; and earthquake museums have preserved artifacts recovered from the townsite and organized them alongside supporting texts, images, exhibits, dioramas, and amusement attractions. The ghost town, it is argued, ruptures the reform-era sense of national progress and development, forcing its observers and participants to acknowledge loss and absence. Connecting to a wider discourse, the National Earthquake Memorial Museum （NEMM） attempts to piece that sensibility back together by creating a particular memory of the massive state-led relief effort, by ＂disciplining＂ the catastrophe through inquiry and education, and by sublimating the earthquake through science, planning, and building. Although they remain emotionally separate, the ruins and NEMM have a natural tension with one another. Away from the epicenter, the privately managed Wenchuan Earthquake Museum （WEM） combines ruins and narrative to capture the ＂strange objectivity＂ that comes from any effort to make sense of what is ultimately insensible.展开更多
After Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake,the surface fractures have been investigated in Beichuan City and Yingxiu Town.It was found that the Beichuan-Yingxiu earthquake fracture zone trends northeastward,dipping to northwest....After Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake,the surface fractures have been investigated in Beichuan City and Yingxiu Town.It was found that the Beichuan-Yingxiu earthquake fracture zone trends northeastward,dipping to northwest.The earthquake fracture zone is mainly characterized by thrust faulting with small amounts of strike-slip movement,and demonstrating various complexities for different areas.The phenomena related to dextral strike-slip displacement are found in Beichuan City and those related to left-lateral strike-slip movement in Yingxiu Town.The compressive shortening of the two surface fracture zones in Beichuan City is 2.8―3.9 m and the left-lateral strike-slip displacement of the surface fractures in Yingxiu Town is 0.52 m.展开更多
目的:调查四川地区北川羌族和西昌彝族两个少数民族群体中19个X-STRs基因座的遗传多态性,评估其法医学应用价值,并分析其群体结构。方法:收集北川羌族人群无关个体246例(男性188例,女性58例)和西昌彝族人群无关个体281例(男性116例,女性...目的:调查四川地区北川羌族和西昌彝族两个少数民族群体中19个X-STRs基因座的遗传多态性,评估其法医学应用价值,并分析其群体结构。方法:收集北川羌族人群无关个体246例(男性188例,女性58例)和西昌彝族人群无关个体281例(男性116例,女性165例)干血斑样本,采用Microreader^(TM)19X ID System kit直接扩增干血斑样本,ABI3500遗传分析仪对PCR产物进行毛细管电泳,GeneMapper■ ID-X软件自动分型。结果:在北川羌族群体中,共检测到150个等位基因,频率范围0.0033~0.8289;在西昌彝族群体中,共检测到164个等位基因,频率范围0.0022~0.8004。经统计学检验,两个少数民族群体基因频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05),经Bonferroni校正后,不存在连锁不平衡的基因座。在北川羌族群体中,男性个体识别能力(PDM)和女性个体识别能力(PDF)分别是0.999999999945624、0.99999999999999999322,二联体和三联体累积平均排除概率分别是0.999999591813975、0.999999999465296;在西昌彝族群体中,男性个体识别能力(PDM)和女性个体识别能力(PDF)分别为0.999999999873529、1;二联体和三联体累积平均排除概率分别是0.999999284224924、0.999999998931424。结论:Microreader TM 19X ID荧光检测试剂盒在北川羌族和西昌彝族人群中总体多态性较高,鉴别能力较好,可作为亲权关系和个体识别有力的补充和验证手段。展开更多
基金Supported by the Restoring&Reconstruction Project of Giant Panda Habitat after the Wenchuan Earthquake in Beichuan Qiang Minority Autonomous County~~
文摘In the experiment, by taking Quercus engleriana Seem., Betula albo- sinensis Burk., Abies faxoniana Rehd. and Fargesia rufa Yi, in the vegetation restoration pattern area of Beichuan Nature Reserve as the research objects, the study on the biomass models, the biomass distribution law of single plant and the growth rule of every organ of the four tree species was made. The results indicated that in the compositions of all of the species, the proportion of trunk biomass was the highest, while that of trunk biomass was the lowest, the proportions of branch and root biomasses varied depending on species; in the comparison of correlativity between the proportions of biomasses of all nutrition organs and biomass of single plant, the relations were generally significant, the tree trunks were positively related while the roots were negatively related; the proportion of trunk biomass of all species was significantly and negatively related to the proportions of leaf and branch biomasses, while the biomass of leaves was significantly and positively related to the biomass of branches.
文摘Analyzing and measuring the spatial distribution pattern of human settlement environment suitability in Beichuan County China is of great significance for optimizing population distribution and promoting human development and environmental protection. Based on the DEM data and other data of Beichuan County, this paper uses GIS and ENVI software to extract four spatial distribution data of vegetation coverage index, topographic relief, hydrological index and natural disaster risk, and the spatial distribution pattern of natural suitability of human settlement environment in Beichuan County was obtained through overlay analysis. The results show: 1) Most of the areas with small topographic relief are located in the southeast of the study area, which is New Beichuan County and Anchang Town and Yong’an Town. The vegetation coverage index in the eastern region is higher, while the vegetation coverage index in the western and other high altitude regions is lower because there are more grasslands. 2) From the perspective of spatial distribution, Beichuan County as a whole is rich in water resources in the central and eastern part of the county, while the west is short of water resources;Chenjiaba Township, Guixi Town and Old Beichuan County are located on the fault zone with high natural disaster risk, the natural disaster risk is high in Piankou Township and Xiaoba Town and Kaiping Township Area. 3) The human settlement environment index of Beichuan county is 19.72 - 85.25;The natural suitability is the highest in the southeast, followed by the central and western regions, and the worst is located in the Piankou-Xiaoba and Old Beichuan-Guixi fault zones. 4) The general suitable area in Beichuan County is the largest, accounting for 30.4% of the total area of the study area. More suitable area ranked second, accounting for 29.33%;critical fitness suitable area accounted for 17.87%;the area of suitable highly suitable area accounted for 14.06%, and the unsuitable area accounted for 8.32%. Reasonable and efficient development and use of local resources is an inevitable way for the sustainable development of Beichuan County.
文摘The Wenchuan earthquake of 2008 in the Sichuan Province(China)is one of the most destructive earthquakes in recent years.It killed about 89 thousand people and caused considerable economic damage.In the first phase of research the main objective was in detailed image interpretation and mapping of the territory of a key site around Beichuan City,at the initial stage of adaptation of the natural-technical environment after the catastrophic earthquake.For this purpose we used
基金supported by the China Geological Survey(No.12120114002401)Science and Technology Project(SinoP robe-06)+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41404080)the Central Public-Interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund(No.DZLXJK201404)
文摘The present-day stress state of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault after the Wenchuan earthquake was re-estimated using measured in-situ stress data obtained after the Wenchuan earthquake. The results reveal that the gradient coefficients of principal stresses versus depth decrease from south to north along the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault, revealing that the stress level decreases from south to north. The consistency between the present-day stress levels and surface ruptures generated during the earthquake indicates that the accumulated tectonic stress beneath the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault before the Wenchuan earthquake was relieved in form of surface ruptures. This resulted in the stress remaining high in the southern section of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault but relatively low in the northern section. Abnormal high pore pressure conditions and an extremely low frictional coefficient play important role in the interpretation of the stress field adjustment and seismic events observed after the Wenchuan earthquake along this fault, according to the estimation results using the Coulomb frictional-failure theory incorporating frictional coefficients ranging from 0.4 to 1.0. To accurately estimate the seismological hazard of the Yingxiu-Beichuan fault by analyzing fault instability using the Coulomb frictional-failure theory, much attention should be focused on the pore pressure conditions and the evolution state of the frictional coefficient under the present-day stress state.
文摘This discussion interrogates the ruins of Beichuan, a county town in North Sichuan that was destroyed and rendered uninhabitable by the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. Those ruins exist today in two principal forms. The remains of the original townsite have been evacuated and opened to the public as an open-air memorial; and earthquake museums have preserved artifacts recovered from the townsite and organized them alongside supporting texts, images, exhibits, dioramas, and amusement attractions. The ghost town, it is argued, ruptures the reform-era sense of national progress and development, forcing its observers and participants to acknowledge loss and absence. Connecting to a wider discourse, the National Earthquake Memorial Museum （NEMM） attempts to piece that sensibility back together by creating a particular memory of the massive state-led relief effort, by ＂disciplining＂ the catastrophe through inquiry and education, and by sublimating the earthquake through science, planning, and building. Although they remain emotionally separate, the ruins and NEMM have a natural tension with one another. Away from the epicenter, the privately managed Wenchuan Earthquake Museum （WEM） combines ruins and narrative to capture the ＂strange objectivity＂ that comes from any effort to make sense of what is ultimately insensible.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.40841016,40372131 and 40702056)Dedicated Program as a Basic Scientific Research of Central Public Welfare Institute (Grant No.2060302)the National Science & Technology Pillar Program (Grant No.2006BAC01B03-02-03)
文摘After Wenchuan Ms8.0 earthquake,the surface fractures have been investigated in Beichuan City and Yingxiu Town.It was found that the Beichuan-Yingxiu earthquake fracture zone trends northeastward,dipping to northwest.The earthquake fracture zone is mainly characterized by thrust faulting with small amounts of strike-slip movement,and demonstrating various complexities for different areas.The phenomena related to dextral strike-slip displacement are found in Beichuan City and those related to left-lateral strike-slip movement in Yingxiu Town.The compressive shortening of the two surface fracture zones in Beichuan City is 2.8―3.9 m and the left-lateral strike-slip displacement of the surface fractures in Yingxiu Town is 0.52 m.
文摘目的:调查四川地区北川羌族和西昌彝族两个少数民族群体中19个X-STRs基因座的遗传多态性,评估其法医学应用价值,并分析其群体结构。方法:收集北川羌族人群无关个体246例(男性188例,女性58例)和西昌彝族人群无关个体281例(男性116例,女性165例)干血斑样本,采用Microreader^(TM)19X ID System kit直接扩增干血斑样本,ABI3500遗传分析仪对PCR产物进行毛细管电泳,GeneMapper■ ID-X软件自动分型。结果:在北川羌族群体中,共检测到150个等位基因,频率范围0.0033~0.8289;在西昌彝族群体中,共检测到164个等位基因,频率范围0.0022~0.8004。经统计学检验,两个少数民族群体基因频率分布均符合Hardy-Weinberg平衡定律(P>0.05),经Bonferroni校正后,不存在连锁不平衡的基因座。在北川羌族群体中,男性个体识别能力(PDM)和女性个体识别能力(PDF)分别是0.999999999945624、0.99999999999999999322,二联体和三联体累积平均排除概率分别是0.999999591813975、0.999999999465296;在西昌彝族群体中,男性个体识别能力(PDM)和女性个体识别能力(PDF)分别为0.999999999873529、1;二联体和三联体累积平均排除概率分别是0.999999284224924、0.999999998931424。结论:Microreader TM 19X ID荧光检测试剂盒在北川羌族和西昌彝族人群中总体多态性较高,鉴别能力较好,可作为亲权关系和个体识别有力的补充和验证手段。
