In the evolving landscape of Tourette’s syndrome(TS)treatment,behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues,as well as motor and vocal tics.This editorial comments on the...In the evolving landscape of Tourette’s syndrome(TS)treatment,behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues,as well as motor and vocal tics.This editorial comments on the study by Wang et al,which showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)combined with habit reversal training significantly improved anxiety and tic severity in children with TS.We highlight the current status and future perspectives of behavioral interventions such as CBT,and comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics,demonstrating their efficacy in alleviating TS symptoms and improving patients'quality of life.Recognizing the multifaceted nature of TS,our discussion integrates empirical evidence from various studies to provide a comprehensive perspective on the role of behavioral therapy in the management of this complex condition.This editorial concludes by emphasizing the need for innovative strategies that may address the limitations of existing treatments and advocates a multidisciplinary approach that combines behavioral,pharmacological,and neurobiological interventions to improve outcomes for patients with TS.展开更多
BACKGROUND Emotional reactions,such as anxiety,irritability,and aggressive behavior,have attracted clinical attention as behavioral and emotional problems in preschool-age children.AIM To investigate the current statu...BACKGROUND Emotional reactions,such as anxiety,irritability,and aggressive behavior,have attracted clinical attention as behavioral and emotional problems in preschool-age children.AIM To investigate the current status of family rearing,parental stress,and behavioral and emotional problems of preschool children and to analyze the mediating effect of the current status of family rearing on parental stress and behavioral/emo-tional problems.METHODS We use convenience sampling to select 258 preschool children in the physical examination center of our hospital from October 2021 to September 2023.The children and their parents were evaluated using a questionnaire survey.Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between child behavioral and emotional problems and parental stress and family rearing,and the structural equation model was constructed to test the mediating effect.RESULTS The score for behavioral/emotional problems of 258 preschool children was(27.54±3.63),the score for parental stress was(87.64±11.34),and the score for parental family rearing was(31.54±5.24).There was a positive correlation between the behavioral and emotional problems of the children and the“hostile/mandatory”parenting style;meanwhile,showed a negative correlation with the“support/participation”parenting style(all P<0.05).The intermediary effect value between the family upbringing of parents in parental stress and children's behavior problems was 29.89%.CONCLUSION Parental family upbringing has a mediating effect between parental stress and behavioral and emotional problems of children.Despite paying attention to the behavioral and emotional problems of preschool-age children,clinical medical staff should provide correct and reasonable parenting advice to their parents to promote the mental health of preschool-age children.展开更多
Biological invasions are a major driver of global biodiversity loss,impacting endemic species,ecosystems,and economies.Although the influence of life history traits on invasive success is well-established,the role of ...Biological invasions are a major driver of global biodiversity loss,impacting endemic species,ecosystems,and economies.Although the influence of life history traits on invasive success is well-established,the role of behavior in the invasive potential of animals is less studied.The common coqui frog,Eleutherodactylus coqui,is a highly successful invader in Hawai'i.We build on previous research characterizing changes in physiology and morphology to explore behavioral variation across the invasive range of coqui in Hawai'i.Coqui have expanded both outward and upward from their initial introduction site,andby comparing frogs from different densities and elevations-we specifically asked how the physiological challenges of high-elevation living interact with the competitive challenge of high-densities at population centers.To investigate whether differences in the field represent local adaptation or behavioral plasticity,we additionally evaluated behavior following acclimation to a shared laboratory environment.Although we identified only subtle behavioral variation among populations in the field,we found that individuals from all populations became less bold,active,and exploratory in the laboratory,converging on a similar behavioral phenotype.Alongside previous work,our results suggest that coqui adjust their behavior to local environmental conditions across their invasive range and that behavioral flexibility may contribute to invasive success.展开更多
In this commentary,we respond to Zhao et al’s recent paper which focuses on mechanisms underlying insomnia sufferers’engagement with acupuncture.Insomnia,a prevalent condition characterized by difficulty falling asl...In this commentary,we respond to Zhao et al’s recent paper which focuses on mechanisms underlying insomnia sufferers’engagement with acupuncture.Insomnia,a prevalent condition characterized by difficulty falling asleep and poor sleep quality,is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and psychiatric illness.Acupuncture,a method involving the therapeutic placement of needles,has been widely accepted as a treatment for insomnia with minimal side effects.In fact,clinical trials suggest auricular acupuncture may improve sleep duration more than cognitive behavioral therapy.However,responses to acupuncture vary.Some patients find it extremely beneficial,while others view it as a routine treatment—or avoid it altogether due to needle phobia.Patient engagement is influenced by cultural beliefs,encouragement,motivation,prior experiences,and recommendations from peers or clinicians.Trust in the physician and testimonials from recovered patients are particularly important facilitators.Looking ahead,a holistic approach-integrating acupuncture with meditation,pranayama,yoga,and other restorative practices-may enhance treatment effectiveness and help patients achieve restorative sleep.展开更多
Ransomware is malware that encrypts data without permission,demanding payment for access.Detecting ransomware on Android platforms is challenging due to evolving malicious techniques and diverse application behaviors....Ransomware is malware that encrypts data without permission,demanding payment for access.Detecting ransomware on Android platforms is challenging due to evolving malicious techniques and diverse application behaviors.Traditional methods,such as static and dynamic analysis,suffer from polymorphism,code obfuscation,and high resource demands.This paper introduces a multi-stage approach to enhance behavioral analysis for Android ransomware detection,focusing on a reduced set of distinguishing features.The approach includes ransomware app collection,behavioral profile generation,dataset creation,feature identification,reduction,and classification.Experiments were conducted on∼3300 Android-based ransomware samples,despite the challenges posed by their evolving nature and complexity.The feature reduction strategy successfully reduced features by 80%,with only a marginal loss of detection accuracy(0.59%).Different machine learning algorithms are employed for classification and achieve 96.71%detection accuracy.Additionally,10-fold cross-validation demonstrated robustness,yielding an AUC-ROC of 99.3%.Importantly,latency and memory evaluations revealed that models using the reduced feature set achieved up to a 99%reduction in inference time and significant memory savings across classifiers.The proposed approach outperforms existing techniques by achieving high detection accuracy with a minimal feature set,also suitable for deployment in resource-constrained environments.Future work may extend datasets and include iOS-based ransomware applications.展开更多
Information plays a crucial role in guiding behavioral decisions during public health emergencies. Individuals communicate to acquire relevant knowledge about an epidemic, which influences their decisions to adopt pro...Information plays a crucial role in guiding behavioral decisions during public health emergencies. Individuals communicate to acquire relevant knowledge about an epidemic, which influences their decisions to adopt protective measures.However, whether to disseminate specific information is also a behavioral decision. In light of this understanding, we develop a coupled information–vaccination–epidemic model to depict these co-evolutionary dynamics in a three-layer network. Negative information dissemination and vaccination are treated as separate decision-making processes. We then examine the combined effects of herd and risk motives on information dissemination and vaccination decisions through the lens of game theory. The microscopic Markov chain approach(MMCA) is used to describe the dynamic process and to derive the epidemic threshold. Simulation results indicate that increasing the cost of negative information dissemination and providing timely clarification can effectively control the epidemic. Furthermore, a phenomenon of diminishing marginal utility is observed as the cost of dissemination increases, suggesting that authorities do not need to overinvest in suppressing negative information. Conversely, reducing the cost of vaccination and increasing vaccine efficacy emerge as more effective strategies for outbreak control. In addition, we find that the scale of the epidemic is greater when the herd motive dominates behavioral decision-making. In conclusion, this study provides a new perspective for understanding the complexity of epidemic spreading by starting with the construction of different behavioral decisions.展开更多
Background:Parenting exerts a profound influence on children’s mental health and behavioral development.Despite the high prevalence of children’s emotional and behavioral problems(CEBP)in China,evidence-based parent...Background:Parenting exerts a profound influence on children’s mental health and behavioral development.Despite the high prevalence of children’s emotional and behavioral problems(CEBP)in China,evidence-based parenting interventions remain scarcely investigated as preventive public health strategies.This pilot study evaluated a school-based intervention for preventing CEBP.Methods:We employed a quasi-experimental design with propensity score matching(PSM)to select 28 families(intervention:n=13;control:n=15)from two matched urban primary schools.Quantitative data from seven validated scales were analyzed using t-tests and ANCOVA.Qualitative insights were derived from 10 semi-structured interviews via thematic analysis.Results:Compared to the control group,the intervention group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in CEBP(p=0.020,Cohen’s d=0.92),parental adjustment(p=0.031,Cohen’s d=0.80),parenting confidence(p=0.003,Cohen’s d=1.04),and parentchild relationships(p=0.001,Cohen’s d=1.46).Non-significant effects were observed for parenting style,parental relationship,and parenting conflict(p>0.05).Qualitative analysis corroborated these findings and further identified contributing factors for non-significant outcomes,including challengeswithmeasurement adaptability and inconsistent co-parenting practices.Conclusions:This pilot study suggests that an authoritative parenting style may be effective and culturally adaptable in China.Positive parenting interventions appear to mitigate CEBP by reducing risk factors and enhancing protective factors.However,improving parental relationships and parenting conflict may require targeted strategies.Given the pilot nature of this PSM-matched study(n=28),the findings should be interpreted as exploratory and used primarily for intervention refinement.展开更多
This study is based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior(ETPB)and focuses on the elderly population in the main urban area of Chongqing to explore their intentions and influencing factors regarding health and we...This study is based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior(ETPB)and focuses on the elderly population in the main urban area of Chongqing to explore their intentions and influencing factors regarding health and wellness tourism behavior.Data was collected through questionnaire surveys and field research,and SPSS 26.0 and Amos 29.0 software were used for reliability,validity analysis,and structural equation modeling testing.The study shows that behavioral attitude,perceived behavior control,and the context of health and wellness tourism have a significant positive impact on the elderly’s intentions regarding health and wellness tourism behavior,while the influence of subjective norms is not significant.In addition,subjective norms have a significant positive effect on behavioral attitudes and perceived behavioral control.Based on the research conclusions,suggestions are made to strengthen the behavioral intention of elderly tourists to participate in health and wellness tourism.展开更多
BACKGROUND Work-family conflicts and daytime sleepiness are related to the risk of suicide.At present,no study has investigated the relationship between nurses’work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk.Mo...BACKGROUND Work-family conflicts and daytime sleepiness are related to the risk of suicide.At present,no study has investigated the relationship between nurses’work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk.Moreover,it has not been confirmed whether,considering the effect of daytime sleepiness on suicide risk,daytime sleepiness mediates the effect of work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk.AIM To explore the pathway relationships among nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict,daytime sleepiness,and suicide risk.METHODS Convenience and purposive sampling methods were used to select 750 nurses from six provinces,including Jiangxi,Sichuan,and Shanxi.The work-family behavioral role conflict scale,the Chinese adult daytime sleepiness scale,and the suicide behavior questionnaire were used for the survey.The data were statistically analyzed via SPSS 25.0 software,Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations between the variables,the PROCESS 4.0 program was used for the mediation effect analysis,and the mediation effect model was tested via the bootstrap method.RESULTS Nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict and daytime sleepiness were positively correlated with suicide risk(r=734,0.717).Work-family behavioral role conflict positively predicted suicide risk(β=0.118),and daytime sleepiness positively predicted suicide risk(β=0.152).Daytime sleepiness partially mediated the role of nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk,with a mediation effect value of 0.046 and a mediation effect accounting for 38.98%.CONCLUSION The results of the Pearson correlation analysis and mediation effect analysis revealed that nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict has a direct effect on suicide risk and indirectly affects suicide risk through daytime drowsiness symptoms.展开更多
Orthodontic osteodilated arch treatment represents a pivotal approach in dental orthodontics to address dental crowding and misalignment.Integrating cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)into comprehensive nursing interven...Orthodontic osteodilated arch treatment represents a pivotal approach in dental orthodontics to address dental crowding and misalignment.Integrating cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)into comprehensive nursing interventions(CNI)aims to address these issues holistically.This editorial explores the effectiveness of CBTbased CNI in improving patient outcomes in orthodontic care.Innovations in remote CBT delivery,such as virtual reality,have also shown potential in reducing pain,anxiety,and depression,emphasizing CBT's adaptability in orthodontic settings.The findings underscore the importance of integrating psychological support into orthodontic care to enhance patient adherence,satisfaction,and overall treatment success.The editorial advocates for a holistic approach that combines psychological and physiological care,highlighting the transformative potential of CBT-based interventions in orthodontic treatment.展开更多
Objective:To statistically analyze the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children and explore the application effect of behavioral intervention.Methods:The study period was from May 2024 to May 2025.Preschoo...Objective:To statistically analyze the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children and explore the application effect of behavioral intervention.Methods:The study period was from May 2024 to May 2025.Preschool children with dental caries(n=114)admitted during this period were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into observation and control groups based on their admission number,with 57 cases in each group.Intervention indicators were compared between the groups.Results:Among all the children,the prevalence of dental caries at different age stages of preschool age(3–6 years old)showed that the caries rate increased with age,and there were significant differences in caries rates among different age groups(P<0.05).The total treatment compliance rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the new caries rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,all indicators of the SESS in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The caries rate among preschool children is relatively high and increases with age.Active behavioral intervention facilitates better cooperation with clinical treatment among children with caries,significantly enhances self-efficacy,and significantly reduces the caries rate.展开更多
BACKGROUND As a substitute for traditional drug therapy,digital cognitive-behavioral therapy positively impacts the regulation of brain function,which can improve insomnia.However,there is currently a paucity of studi...BACKGROUND As a substitute for traditional drug therapy,digital cognitive-behavioral therapy positively impacts the regulation of brain function,which can improve insomnia.However,there is currently a paucity of studies on digital cognitive behavioral therapy as a treatment for insomnia.AIM To assess digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia regarding its positive impact on brain function.METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to either a go/no-go group or a dot-probe group.The primary outcome was quality of sleep as assessed by the actigraphy sleep monitoring bracelet,Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),insomnia severity index(ISI),and depression anxiety and stress scale(DASS-21).RESULTS Eighty patients were included in the analysis(go/no-go group:n=40;dot-probe group:n=40).We combined the total scale scores of the two groups before and after the intervention in the analysis of covariance.Our study explored whether insomnia symptoms in both groups can be improved by using digital cognitive behavioral therapy instead of trying to compare the two trials;therefore,only one P value is listed.In both groups,we found a short-term time effect on insomnia symptom severity(PSQI:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.336;ISI:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.667;DASS-depression:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.582;DASS-anxiety:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.337;DASS-stress:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.443)and some effect on sleep efficiency(but it was not significant,P=0.585,η^(2)=0.004).CONCLUSION Go/no-go task training of inhibitory function had a short-term positive effect on sleep efficiency,whereas dotprobe task training had a positive short-term effect on emotion regulation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is commonly associated with comorbid depression,which exacerbates cognitive impairments and negatively impacts quality of life.Despite the high prevalence and burden of these comorbidities,eff...BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is commonly associated with comorbid depression,which exacerbates cognitive impairments and negatively impacts quality of life.Despite the high prevalence and burden of these comorbidities,effective treatment options,particularly for cognitive dysfunction,remain limited.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy(CCBT)with sertraline vs sertraline monotherapy in improving depressive symptoms,cognitive function,and quality of life in schizophrenia and depressive episodes.METHODS In this single-center,randomized controlled trial,68 adults[mean age(SD)=36.5(10.0),57.4%male]with schizophrenia and depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to receive either CCBT with sertraline or sertraline monotherapy during a 4-week hospitalization.The CCBT intervention involved 45-60-minute sessions twice weekly for four weeks.Outcomes included comparisons of depressive symptoms(Calgary depression scale for schizophrenia),cognitive function[MATRICS consensus cognitive battery(MCCB)],and quality of life(36-item short form survey)between the groups.RESULTS The experimental group showed greater improvements in depressive symptoms at 4,8,and 12 weeks compared to the controls,with the most notable difference at 12 weeks[mean difference(MD)=-1.7;P<0.001;Cohen’s d=0.9].Cognitive function improved across all MCCB domains in the experimental group,with higher processing speed scores(MD=4.1;P=0.043;Cohen’s d=0.5)and social cognition scores(MD=4.9;P=0.006;Cohen’s d=0.7)than in the control group.Quality of life,particularly in mental health,was significantly better in the experimental group.CONCLUSION CCBT with sertraline was more effective than sertraline monotherapy for patients with schizophrenia and depressive episodes,supporting its use as an adjunctive therapy.展开更多
In the context of global aging,mild behavioral impairment(MBI)is present in 48.9%of patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).MBI,a neurobehavioral syndrome in the elderly,is an independent risk factor for cognitiv...In the context of global aging,mild behavioral impairment(MBI)is present in 48.9%of patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).MBI,a neurobehavioral syndrome in the elderly,is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline and is closely related to peripheral blood biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease,offering new diagnostic and interventional avenues for early MCI.To summarize evidence on peripheral blood biomarkers related to MBI and their underlying mechanisms involving neuroinflammation,tau pathology,and oxidative stress,a systematic review of studies published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted.MBI is closely associated with peripheral blood biomarker changes.Neuroinflammatory markers like glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light indicate astrocyte activation and neural circuit disruption,with glial fibrillary acidic protein levels correlating with impulse dyscontrol scores.Chitinase-3-like protein 1,a marker of blood-brain barrier integrity,exacerbates neuroinflammation and is linked to depressive symptoms and hippocampal atrophy.Elevated phosphorylated tau proteins in blood correlate with brain tau deposition,increasing the risk of MBI and impairing cognition.Oxidative stress markers damage neurons and disrupt neurotransmission,and concurrent alterations in malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels significantly elevate the risk of MBI.The correlation between MBI and biomarkers offers new diagnostic and interventional directions for early MCI.Future research should standardize MBI assessment,conduct longitudinal studies,explore biomarker-MBI relationships,investigate psychosocial impacts,and develop advanced detection methods.展开更多
BACKGROUND Group cognitive behavioral therapy(GCBT)is increasingly being used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)because of its high efficiency,economy,and interaction among group members.However,the changes i...BACKGROUND Group cognitive behavioral therapy(GCBT)is increasingly being used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)because of its high efficiency,economy,and interaction among group members.However,the changes in network functional connectivity(FC)in patients with OCD with GCBT remain unclear.AIM To investigate inter-and intra-network resting-state FC(rs-FC)abnormalities before and after GCBT in unmedicated patients with OCD and validate the efficacy of GCBT.METHODS Overall,33 individuals with OCD and 26 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The patients were rescanned 12 weeks after GCBT.Four cognition-related networks-default mode network(DMN),dorsal attention network(DAN),salience network(SAN),and frontoparietal network(FPN)-were selected to examine FC abnormalities within and between OCD networks before and after GCBT.Neuropsychological assessments including memory,executive function,speech,attention,and visuospatial ability were reassessed following GCBT.Pearson’s correlations were used to analyze the relationship between aberrant FC in cognition-related networks and altered neuropsychological assessments in patients.RESULTS Rs-FC within the DMN and DAN decreased significantly.Additionally,rs-FC between the DMN-DAN,DMNFPN,DMN-SAN,and DAN-SAN also decreased.Significant improvements were observed in cognitive functions,such as memory,executive function,attention,and visuospatial ability.Furthermore,reduced rs-FC within the DMN correlated with visuospatial ability and executive function;DAN positively correlated with Shape Trails Test(STT)-A test elapsed time;DMN-DAN negatively correlated with Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure(Rey-O)mimicry time and the three elapsed times of the tower of Hanoi;DMN-SAN negatively correlated with Rey-O imitation time and positively correlated with STT-A test elapsed time;and DMN-FPN negatively correlated with Auditory Word Learning Test N1 and N4 scores.CONCLUSION Decreased rs-FC within the DMN and DAN,which correlated with executive function post-treatment,has potential as a neuroimaging marker to predict treatment response to GCBT in patients with OCD.展开更多
BACKGROUND Mild behavioral impairment(MBI)refers to the neurobehavioral symptoms observed in older adults that may be potential risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases.While a significant number studies have explo...BACKGROUND Mild behavioral impairment(MBI)refers to the neurobehavioral symptoms observed in older adults that may be potential risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases.While a significant number studies have explored the association between cerebrospinal fluid and MBI,only a few have examined the connection between plasma biomarkers and MBI.AIM To examine the prevalence of MBI in healthy older adults(HOAs)and individuals with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),as well as the association between MBI and plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).METHODS We enrolled a total of 241 subjects,which included 136 HOAs and 105 MCIs,from the Yuhua District of Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province,China.The MBI symp-tom checklist(MBI-C)was utilized for the assessment and diagnosis of MBI,and a score of MBI-C≥6.5 was considered indicative of the condition.Fasting venous blood samples were collected from 70 patients,32 HOAs and 38 MCIs,and levels of amyloidβ-protein(Aβ)40,Aβ42,and hyperphosphorylated tau(p-Tau217)in these samples were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS The prevalence of MBI in the HOAs and MCI groups was 4.4%and 15.3%,respectively(χ^(2)=7.262,P=0.007),with particularly notable decreases in motivation and increases in impulse dyscontrol(the highest detection rate)and social inappropriateness(P<0.05).The total MBI score correlated with Aβ42 and p-Tau217(r=-0.385,P=0.019;r=-0.330,P=0.041),but not with Aβ40 or the Aβ42/40 ratio.Among the subdomains,impulse dyscontrol was correlated with Aβ42(r=-0.401,P=0.025).CONCLUSION Both MCI and HOAs have exhibited a higher prevalence of MBI,with changes in impulse control behavior being the most common.MBI not only presents as an independent risk factor for cognitive decline but is also linked with AD-related peripheral biomarkers.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to examine the influence of behavioral lifestyle factors on recent episodic memory retention capacity among young-old adults(aged 60-69 years)in China.The findings provide scientific evidenc...Objective:This study aimed to examine the influence of behavioral lifestyle factors on recent episodic memory retention capacity among young-old adults(aged 60-69 years)in China.The findings provide scientific evidence to inform proactive strategies to mitigate cognitive decline risk within China’s rapidly aging population.Methods:Utilizing data from the 2022 wave of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),a total of 2,772 adults aged 60-69 were included in the analytical sample.Recent episodic memory retention capacity(scored 0-5 points,based on self-reported assessment)served as the dependent variable.Six categories of behavioral lifestyle indicators(including exercise frequency,sleep quality,dietary patterns,etc.)were analyzed as independent variables.Associations were assessed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression models,controlling for relevant covariates.Results:Self-reported potential impairment in recent episodic memory was identified by 47.19%of respondents.Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between behavioral lifestyle factors and memory retention capacity.Regular exercise(OR=1.297,95%CI:1.118-1.504),meat consumption(OR=1.765,95%CI:1.393-2.237),regular reading habits(OR=1.599,95%CI:1.283-1.992),and internet use(OR=1.413,95%CI:1.217-1.641)emerged as significant protective factors.Abnormal sleep duration was detrimentally associated with retention capacity(too short:OR=0.728,95%CI:0.591-0.897;too long:OR=0.810,95%CI:0.670-0.980).Significant associations were also observed for control variables:urban residence(OR=1.270,95%CI:1.100-1.467),high school education or above(OR=1.543,95%CI:1.293-1.841),and better self-rated health status(OR=1.156,95%CI:1.089-1.227)were positively correlated with better memory retention.Conclusions:Optimal sleep duration,regular physical exercise,meat intake,habitual reading,and internet engagement positively predict self-assessed recent episodic memory retention capacity in Chinese young-old adults.These findings underscore the potential for multi-faceted lifestyle interventions to enhance cog-nitive health in aging populations.Specifically,strategies should encompass community-based sleep hygiene management,tailored nutritional interventions(especially promoting adequate protein sources like meat),enhanced digital literacy and internet accessibility programs,and the promotion of age-appropriate physical activity initiatives.Furthermore,implementing culturally responsive strategies adapted to urban-rural contexts-such as deploying“mobile cognitive health units”in rural areas and fostering digital reading platforms in urban settings-is recommended to optimize intervention effectiveness.展开更多
Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (m...Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.展开更多
Objective:This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System(BIS/BAS)scales among stroke survivors.Methods:The cross-sectio...Objective:This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System(BIS/BAS)scales among stroke survivors.Methods:The cross-sectional study was conducted at four comprehensive hospitals in Taizhou,Jiangsu,China.A sample of 232 first-ever stroke survivors were recruited from June to August 2023.Validity was examined using face validity and construct validity,which used confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)and known-group analysis.Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency and test-retest reliability.Results:The BIS/BAS scales demonstrated satisfactory face validity.The findings of CFAs supported the original four-factor structure of BAS-reward,BAS-drive,BAS-fun seeking,and BIS with acceptable model fit indices.Discriminative validity,assessed via known-group analysis,indicated that stroke survivors with probable depression had significantly lower mean BAS-reward,BAS-drive,and BAS-fun seeking scores(P<0.001)and a higher mean BIS score(P=0.028)compared to those without probable depression.The internal consistency,measured by Cronbach’s a coefficients for the subscales,ranged from 0.669 to 0.964.Test-retest reliability,assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients,ranged from 0.61 to 0.93.Conclusions:The Chinese version of the BIS/BAS scales could be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring behavioral activation among stroke survivors.展开更多
Empathy is one of the most important abilities for social animals.In a world that is largely socially constructed,when encountering altered affective states of others,particularly negative states,individuals often exh...Empathy is one of the most important abilities for social animals.In a world that is largely socially constructed,when encountering altered affective states of others,particularly negative states,individuals often exhibit evolutionarily conserved empathic behaviors,such as mirroring,consolation,and helping[l,2].Appropriate empathic behaviors can foster the consolidation of social relationships.Previous studies have suggested that both male and female rodents show some empathic behaviors when facing affective conspecifics[1].However,the role of sex in different empathic behaviors remains largely unexplored.Therefore,there is a need to probe whether animals show sex-dependent empathic behavior and which neural circuits modulate these distinct behaviors.展开更多
文摘In the evolving landscape of Tourette’s syndrome(TS)treatment,behavioral therapies have emerged as essential to address the comorbid psychological issues,as well as motor and vocal tics.This editorial comments on the study by Wang et al,which showed that cognitive-behavioral therapy(CBT)combined with habit reversal training significantly improved anxiety and tic severity in children with TS.We highlight the current status and future perspectives of behavioral interventions such as CBT,and comprehensive behavioral intervention for tics,demonstrating their efficacy in alleviating TS symptoms and improving patients'quality of life.Recognizing the multifaceted nature of TS,our discussion integrates empirical evidence from various studies to provide a comprehensive perspective on the role of behavioral therapy in the management of this complex condition.This editorial concludes by emphasizing the need for innovative strategies that may address the limitations of existing treatments and advocates a multidisciplinary approach that combines behavioral,pharmacological,and neurobiological interventions to improve outcomes for patients with TS.
基金Supported by the Shijiazhuang Science and Technology Research and Development Program,No.221460383.
文摘BACKGROUND Emotional reactions,such as anxiety,irritability,and aggressive behavior,have attracted clinical attention as behavioral and emotional problems in preschool-age children.AIM To investigate the current status of family rearing,parental stress,and behavioral and emotional problems of preschool children and to analyze the mediating effect of the current status of family rearing on parental stress and behavioral/emo-tional problems.METHODS We use convenience sampling to select 258 preschool children in the physical examination center of our hospital from October 2021 to September 2023.The children and their parents were evaluated using a questionnaire survey.Pearson's correlation was used to analyze the correlation between child behavioral and emotional problems and parental stress and family rearing,and the structural equation model was constructed to test the mediating effect.RESULTS The score for behavioral/emotional problems of 258 preschool children was(27.54±3.63),the score for parental stress was(87.64±11.34),and the score for parental family rearing was(31.54±5.24).There was a positive correlation between the behavioral and emotional problems of the children and the“hostile/mandatory”parenting style;meanwhile,showed a negative correlation with the“support/participation”parenting style(all P<0.05).The intermediary effect value between the family upbringing of parents in parental stress and children's behavior problems was 29.89%.CONCLUSION Parental family upbringing has a mediating effect between parental stress and behavioral and emotional problems of children.Despite paying attention to the behavioral and emotional problems of preschool-age children,clinical medical staff should provide correct and reasonable parenting advice to their parents to promote the mental health of preschool-age children.
基金supported by the United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch project 1026333(ILLU-875-984 to K.M.S)a University of Ilinois Graduate College Master's Fellowship(to K.M.S)+2 种基金a University of Illinois Graduate College Travel Award(to K.M.S)Ilinois State Toll Highway Authority funding(to D.E and A.L.C)University of Illinois Laboratory Start-up funds(to E.K.F).
文摘Biological invasions are a major driver of global biodiversity loss,impacting endemic species,ecosystems,and economies.Although the influence of life history traits on invasive success is well-established,the role of behavior in the invasive potential of animals is less studied.The common coqui frog,Eleutherodactylus coqui,is a highly successful invader in Hawai'i.We build on previous research characterizing changes in physiology and morphology to explore behavioral variation across the invasive range of coqui in Hawai'i.Coqui have expanded both outward and upward from their initial introduction site,andby comparing frogs from different densities and elevations-we specifically asked how the physiological challenges of high-elevation living interact with the competitive challenge of high-densities at population centers.To investigate whether differences in the field represent local adaptation or behavioral plasticity,we additionally evaluated behavior following acclimation to a shared laboratory environment.Although we identified only subtle behavioral variation among populations in the field,we found that individuals from all populations became less bold,active,and exploratory in the laboratory,converging on a similar behavioral phenotype.Alongside previous work,our results suggest that coqui adjust their behavior to local environmental conditions across their invasive range and that behavioral flexibility may contribute to invasive success.
文摘In this commentary,we respond to Zhao et al’s recent paper which focuses on mechanisms underlying insomnia sufferers’engagement with acupuncture.Insomnia,a prevalent condition characterized by difficulty falling asleep and poor sleep quality,is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease,diabetes,and psychiatric illness.Acupuncture,a method involving the therapeutic placement of needles,has been widely accepted as a treatment for insomnia with minimal side effects.In fact,clinical trials suggest auricular acupuncture may improve sleep duration more than cognitive behavioral therapy.However,responses to acupuncture vary.Some patients find it extremely beneficial,while others view it as a routine treatment—or avoid it altogether due to needle phobia.Patient engagement is influenced by cultural beliefs,encouragement,motivation,prior experiences,and recommendations from peers or clinicians.Trust in the physician and testimonials from recovered patients are particularly important facilitators.Looking ahead,a holistic approach-integrating acupuncture with meditation,pranayama,yoga,and other restorative practices-may enhance treatment effectiveness and help patients achieve restorative sleep.
基金supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Ministry of Education(2021R1I1A3049788).
文摘Ransomware is malware that encrypts data without permission,demanding payment for access.Detecting ransomware on Android platforms is challenging due to evolving malicious techniques and diverse application behaviors.Traditional methods,such as static and dynamic analysis,suffer from polymorphism,code obfuscation,and high resource demands.This paper introduces a multi-stage approach to enhance behavioral analysis for Android ransomware detection,focusing on a reduced set of distinguishing features.The approach includes ransomware app collection,behavioral profile generation,dataset creation,feature identification,reduction,and classification.Experiments were conducted on∼3300 Android-based ransomware samples,despite the challenges posed by their evolving nature and complexity.The feature reduction strategy successfully reduced features by 80%,with only a marginal loss of detection accuracy(0.59%).Different machine learning algorithms are employed for classification and achieve 96.71%detection accuracy.Additionally,10-fold cross-validation demonstrated robustness,yielding an AUC-ROC of 99.3%.Importantly,latency and memory evaluations revealed that models using the reduced feature set achieved up to a 99%reduction in inference time and significant memory savings across classifiers.The proposed approach outperforms existing techniques by achieving high detection accuracy with a minimal feature set,also suitable for deployment in resource-constrained environments.Future work may extend datasets and include iOS-based ransomware applications.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 72174121)the Program for Professor of Special Appointment (Eastern Scholar) at Shanghai Institutions of Higher Learning, and the Soft Science Research Project of Shanghai (Grant No. 22692112600)。
文摘Information plays a crucial role in guiding behavioral decisions during public health emergencies. Individuals communicate to acquire relevant knowledge about an epidemic, which influences their decisions to adopt protective measures.However, whether to disseminate specific information is also a behavioral decision. In light of this understanding, we develop a coupled information–vaccination–epidemic model to depict these co-evolutionary dynamics in a three-layer network. Negative information dissemination and vaccination are treated as separate decision-making processes. We then examine the combined effects of herd and risk motives on information dissemination and vaccination decisions through the lens of game theory. The microscopic Markov chain approach(MMCA) is used to describe the dynamic process and to derive the epidemic threshold. Simulation results indicate that increasing the cost of negative information dissemination and providing timely clarification can effectively control the epidemic. Furthermore, a phenomenon of diminishing marginal utility is observed as the cost of dissemination increases, suggesting that authorities do not need to overinvest in suppressing negative information. Conversely, reducing the cost of vaccination and increasing vaccine efficacy emerge as more effective strategies for outbreak control. In addition, we find that the scale of the epidemic is greater when the herd motive dominates behavioral decision-making. In conclusion, this study provides a new perspective for understanding the complexity of epidemic spreading by starting with the construction of different behavioral decisions.
基金supported by the National Social Science Fund of China[18BSH146].
文摘Background:Parenting exerts a profound influence on children’s mental health and behavioral development.Despite the high prevalence of children’s emotional and behavioral problems(CEBP)in China,evidence-based parenting interventions remain scarcely investigated as preventive public health strategies.This pilot study evaluated a school-based intervention for preventing CEBP.Methods:We employed a quasi-experimental design with propensity score matching(PSM)to select 28 families(intervention:n=13;control:n=15)from two matched urban primary schools.Quantitative data from seven validated scales were analyzed using t-tests and ANCOVA.Qualitative insights were derived from 10 semi-structured interviews via thematic analysis.Results:Compared to the control group,the intervention group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in CEBP(p=0.020,Cohen’s d=0.92),parental adjustment(p=0.031,Cohen’s d=0.80),parenting confidence(p=0.003,Cohen’s d=1.04),and parentchild relationships(p=0.001,Cohen’s d=1.46).Non-significant effects were observed for parenting style,parental relationship,and parenting conflict(p>0.05).Qualitative analysis corroborated these findings and further identified contributing factors for non-significant outcomes,including challengeswithmeasurement adaptability and inconsistent co-parenting practices.Conclusions:This pilot study suggests that an authoritative parenting style may be effective and culturally adaptable in China.Positive parenting interventions appear to mitigate CEBP by reducing risk factors and enhancing protective factors.However,improving parental relationships and parenting conflict may require targeted strategies.Given the pilot nature of this PSM-matched study(n=28),the findings should be interpreted as exploratory and used primarily for intervention refinement.
基金Chongqing University of Science and Technology 2024 Postgraduate Innovation Program(YKJCX2420803)。
文摘This study is based on the Extended Theory of Planned Behavior(ETPB)and focuses on the elderly population in the main urban area of Chongqing to explore their intentions and influencing factors regarding health and wellness tourism behavior.Data was collected through questionnaire surveys and field research,and SPSS 26.0 and Amos 29.0 software were used for reliability,validity analysis,and structural equation modeling testing.The study shows that behavioral attitude,perceived behavior control,and the context of health and wellness tourism have a significant positive impact on the elderly’s intentions regarding health and wellness tourism behavior,while the influence of subjective norms is not significant.In addition,subjective norms have a significant positive effect on behavioral attitudes and perceived behavioral control.Based on the research conclusions,suggestions are made to strengthen the behavioral intention of elderly tourists to participate in health and wellness tourism.
文摘BACKGROUND Work-family conflicts and daytime sleepiness are related to the risk of suicide.At present,no study has investigated the relationship between nurses’work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk.Moreover,it has not been confirmed whether,considering the effect of daytime sleepiness on suicide risk,daytime sleepiness mediates the effect of work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk.AIM To explore the pathway relationships among nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict,daytime sleepiness,and suicide risk.METHODS Convenience and purposive sampling methods were used to select 750 nurses from six provinces,including Jiangxi,Sichuan,and Shanxi.The work-family behavioral role conflict scale,the Chinese adult daytime sleepiness scale,and the suicide behavior questionnaire were used for the survey.The data were statistically analyzed via SPSS 25.0 software,Pearson correlation analysis was used to explore the correlations between the variables,the PROCESS 4.0 program was used for the mediation effect analysis,and the mediation effect model was tested via the bootstrap method.RESULTS Nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict and daytime sleepiness were positively correlated with suicide risk(r=734,0.717).Work-family behavioral role conflict positively predicted suicide risk(β=0.118),and daytime sleepiness positively predicted suicide risk(β=0.152).Daytime sleepiness partially mediated the role of nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict and suicide risk,with a mediation effect value of 0.046 and a mediation effect accounting for 38.98%.CONCLUSION The results of the Pearson correlation analysis and mediation effect analysis revealed that nurses'work-family behavioral role conflict has a direct effect on suicide risk and indirectly affects suicide risk through daytime drowsiness symptoms.
基金Basic Science Research Program Through the National Research Foundation of Korea Funded by the Ministry of Education,No.NRF-RS-2023-00237287 and No.NRF-2021S1A5A8062526Local Government-University Cooperation-Based Regional Innovation Projects,No.2021RIS-003.
文摘Orthodontic osteodilated arch treatment represents a pivotal approach in dental orthodontics to address dental crowding and misalignment.Integrating cognitive behavioral therapy(CBT)into comprehensive nursing interventions(CNI)aims to address these issues holistically.This editorial explores the effectiveness of CBTbased CNI in improving patient outcomes in orthodontic care.Innovations in remote CBT delivery,such as virtual reality,have also shown potential in reducing pain,anxiety,and depression,emphasizing CBT's adaptability in orthodontic settings.The findings underscore the importance of integrating psychological support into orthodontic care to enhance patient adherence,satisfaction,and overall treatment success.The editorial advocates for a holistic approach that combines psychological and physiological care,highlighting the transformative potential of CBT-based interventions in orthodontic treatment.
文摘Objective:To statistically analyze the prevalence of dental caries among preschool children and explore the application effect of behavioral intervention.Methods:The study period was from May 2024 to May 2025.Preschool children with dental caries(n=114)admitted during this period were selected as the research subjects.They were divided into observation and control groups based on their admission number,with 57 cases in each group.Intervention indicators were compared between the groups.Results:Among all the children,the prevalence of dental caries at different age stages of preschool age(3–6 years old)showed that the caries rate increased with age,and there were significant differences in caries rates among different age groups(P<0.05).The total treatment compliance rate in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the new caries rate in the observation group was lower than that in the control group(P<0.05).After intervention,all indicators of the SESS in the observation group were better than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The caries rate among preschool children is relatively high and increases with age.Active behavioral intervention facilitates better cooperation with clinical treatment among children with caries,significantly enhances self-efficacy,and significantly reduces the caries rate.
基金Supported by the Shanghai Pujiang Program,No.2020PJC115Social Science Incubation Fund of Naval Medical University,No.2022SK027+1 种基金Scientific Research Program of Provincial Department of Education,No.Q20224105Research on the High-quality Development of Sports Talents in Hubei Province’s Universities Under the Background of Integration of Sports and Education,No.2022GA059.
文摘BACKGROUND As a substitute for traditional drug therapy,digital cognitive-behavioral therapy positively impacts the regulation of brain function,which can improve insomnia.However,there is currently a paucity of studies on digital cognitive behavioral therapy as a treatment for insomnia.AIM To assess digital cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia regarding its positive impact on brain function.METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to either a go/no-go group or a dot-probe group.The primary outcome was quality of sleep as assessed by the actigraphy sleep monitoring bracelet,Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI),insomnia severity index(ISI),and depression anxiety and stress scale(DASS-21).RESULTS Eighty patients were included in the analysis(go/no-go group:n=40;dot-probe group:n=40).We combined the total scale scores of the two groups before and after the intervention in the analysis of covariance.Our study explored whether insomnia symptoms in both groups can be improved by using digital cognitive behavioral therapy instead of trying to compare the two trials;therefore,only one P value is listed.In both groups,we found a short-term time effect on insomnia symptom severity(PSQI:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.336;ISI:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.667;DASS-depression:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.582;DASS-anxiety:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.337;DASS-stress:P<0.001,η^(2)=0.443)and some effect on sleep efficiency(but it was not significant,P=0.585,η^(2)=0.004).CONCLUSION Go/no-go task training of inhibitory function had a short-term positive effect on sleep efficiency,whereas dotprobe task training had a positive short-term effect on emotion regulation.
基金Supported by Fuzhou Science and Technology Plan Project,No.2023-S-028.
文摘BACKGROUND Schizophrenia is commonly associated with comorbid depression,which exacerbates cognitive impairments and negatively impacts quality of life.Despite the high prevalence and burden of these comorbidities,effective treatment options,particularly for cognitive dysfunction,remain limited.AIM To evaluate the efficacy of computerized cognitive behavioral therapy(CCBT)with sertraline vs sertraline monotherapy in improving depressive symptoms,cognitive function,and quality of life in schizophrenia and depressive episodes.METHODS In this single-center,randomized controlled trial,68 adults[mean age(SD)=36.5(10.0),57.4%male]with schizophrenia and depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to receive either CCBT with sertraline or sertraline monotherapy during a 4-week hospitalization.The CCBT intervention involved 45-60-minute sessions twice weekly for four weeks.Outcomes included comparisons of depressive symptoms(Calgary depression scale for schizophrenia),cognitive function[MATRICS consensus cognitive battery(MCCB)],and quality of life(36-item short form survey)between the groups.RESULTS The experimental group showed greater improvements in depressive symptoms at 4,8,and 12 weeks compared to the controls,with the most notable difference at 12 weeks[mean difference(MD)=-1.7;P<0.001;Cohen’s d=0.9].Cognitive function improved across all MCCB domains in the experimental group,with higher processing speed scores(MD=4.1;P=0.043;Cohen’s d=0.5)and social cognition scores(MD=4.9;P=0.006;Cohen’s d=0.7)than in the control group.Quality of life,particularly in mental health,was significantly better in the experimental group.CONCLUSION CCBT with sertraline was more effective than sertraline monotherapy for patients with schizophrenia and depressive episodes,supporting its use as an adjunctive therapy.
文摘In the context of global aging,mild behavioral impairment(MBI)is present in 48.9%of patients with mild cognitive impairment(MCI).MBI,a neurobehavioral syndrome in the elderly,is an independent risk factor for cognitive decline and is closely related to peripheral blood biomarkers associated with Alzheimer's disease,offering new diagnostic and interventional avenues for early MCI.To summarize evidence on peripheral blood biomarkers related to MBI and their underlying mechanisms involving neuroinflammation,tau pathology,and oxidative stress,a systematic review of studies published between 2015 and 2024 was conducted.MBI is closely associated with peripheral blood biomarker changes.Neuroinflammatory markers like glial fibrillary acidic protein and neurofilament light indicate astrocyte activation and neural circuit disruption,with glial fibrillary acidic protein levels correlating with impulse dyscontrol scores.Chitinase-3-like protein 1,a marker of blood-brain barrier integrity,exacerbates neuroinflammation and is linked to depressive symptoms and hippocampal atrophy.Elevated phosphorylated tau proteins in blood correlate with brain tau deposition,increasing the risk of MBI and impairing cognition.Oxidative stress markers damage neurons and disrupt neurotransmission,and concurrent alterations in malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels significantly elevate the risk of MBI.The correlation between MBI and biomarkers offers new diagnostic and interventional directions for early MCI.Future research should standardize MBI assessment,conduct longitudinal studies,explore biomarker-MBI relationships,investigate psychosocial impacts,and develop advanced detection methods.
基金Supported by the Pharmaceutical Science and Technology Project of Zhejiang Province,No.2023RC266the Natural Science Foundation of Ningbo,No.202003N4266.
文摘BACKGROUND Group cognitive behavioral therapy(GCBT)is increasingly being used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD)because of its high efficiency,economy,and interaction among group members.However,the changes in network functional connectivity(FC)in patients with OCD with GCBT remain unclear.AIM To investigate inter-and intra-network resting-state FC(rs-FC)abnormalities before and after GCBT in unmedicated patients with OCD and validate the efficacy of GCBT.METHODS Overall,33 individuals with OCD and 26 healthy controls underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging.The patients were rescanned 12 weeks after GCBT.Four cognition-related networks-default mode network(DMN),dorsal attention network(DAN),salience network(SAN),and frontoparietal network(FPN)-were selected to examine FC abnormalities within and between OCD networks before and after GCBT.Neuropsychological assessments including memory,executive function,speech,attention,and visuospatial ability were reassessed following GCBT.Pearson’s correlations were used to analyze the relationship between aberrant FC in cognition-related networks and altered neuropsychological assessments in patients.RESULTS Rs-FC within the DMN and DAN decreased significantly.Additionally,rs-FC between the DMN-DAN,DMNFPN,DMN-SAN,and DAN-SAN also decreased.Significant improvements were observed in cognitive functions,such as memory,executive function,attention,and visuospatial ability.Furthermore,reduced rs-FC within the DMN correlated with visuospatial ability and executive function;DAN positively correlated with Shape Trails Test(STT)-A test elapsed time;DMN-DAN negatively correlated with Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure(Rey-O)mimicry time and the three elapsed times of the tower of Hanoi;DMN-SAN negatively correlated with Rey-O imitation time and positively correlated with STT-A test elapsed time;and DMN-FPN negatively correlated with Auditory Word Learning Test N1 and N4 scores.CONCLUSION Decreased rs-FC within the DMN and DAN,which correlated with executive function post-treatment,has potential as a neuroimaging marker to predict treatment response to GCBT in patients with OCD.
基金Supported by the Government Funded Clinical Medicine Excellent Talents Training Project of Hebei Province,No.ZF2024136National Science Foundation of Hebei Province,No.H2022206544Science and Technology Program of Hebei Province,No.SG2021189。
文摘BACKGROUND Mild behavioral impairment(MBI)refers to the neurobehavioral symptoms observed in older adults that may be potential risk factors for neurodegenerative diseases.While a significant number studies have explored the association between cerebrospinal fluid and MBI,only a few have examined the connection between plasma biomarkers and MBI.AIM To examine the prevalence of MBI in healthy older adults(HOAs)and individuals with mild cognitive impairment(MCI),as well as the association between MBI and plasma biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease(AD).METHODS We enrolled a total of 241 subjects,which included 136 HOAs and 105 MCIs,from the Yuhua District of Shijiazhuang City,Hebei Province,China.The MBI symp-tom checklist(MBI-C)was utilized for the assessment and diagnosis of MBI,and a score of MBI-C≥6.5 was considered indicative of the condition.Fasting venous blood samples were collected from 70 patients,32 HOAs and 38 MCIs,and levels of amyloidβ-protein(Aβ)40,Aβ42,and hyperphosphorylated tau(p-Tau217)in these samples were measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS The prevalence of MBI in the HOAs and MCI groups was 4.4%and 15.3%,respectively(χ^(2)=7.262,P=0.007),with particularly notable decreases in motivation and increases in impulse dyscontrol(the highest detection rate)and social inappropriateness(P<0.05).The total MBI score correlated with Aβ42 and p-Tau217(r=-0.385,P=0.019;r=-0.330,P=0.041),but not with Aβ40 or the Aβ42/40 ratio.Among the subdomains,impulse dyscontrol was correlated with Aβ42(r=-0.401,P=0.025).CONCLUSION Both MCI and HOAs have exhibited a higher prevalence of MBI,with changes in impulse control behavior being the most common.MBI not only presents as an independent risk factor for cognitive decline but is also linked with AD-related peripheral biomarkers.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to examine the influence of behavioral lifestyle factors on recent episodic memory retention capacity among young-old adults(aged 60-69 years)in China.The findings provide scientific evidence to inform proactive strategies to mitigate cognitive decline risk within China’s rapidly aging population.Methods:Utilizing data from the 2022 wave of the China Family Panel Studies(CFPS),a total of 2,772 adults aged 60-69 were included in the analytical sample.Recent episodic memory retention capacity(scored 0-5 points,based on self-reported assessment)served as the dependent variable.Six categories of behavioral lifestyle indicators(including exercise frequency,sleep quality,dietary patterns,etc.)were analyzed as independent variables.Associations were assessed using multivariate ordinal logistic regression models,controlling for relevant covariates.Results:Self-reported potential impairment in recent episodic memory was identified by 47.19%of respondents.Multivariate analysis revealed significant associations between behavioral lifestyle factors and memory retention capacity.Regular exercise(OR=1.297,95%CI:1.118-1.504),meat consumption(OR=1.765,95%CI:1.393-2.237),regular reading habits(OR=1.599,95%CI:1.283-1.992),and internet use(OR=1.413,95%CI:1.217-1.641)emerged as significant protective factors.Abnormal sleep duration was detrimentally associated with retention capacity(too short:OR=0.728,95%CI:0.591-0.897;too long:OR=0.810,95%CI:0.670-0.980).Significant associations were also observed for control variables:urban residence(OR=1.270,95%CI:1.100-1.467),high school education or above(OR=1.543,95%CI:1.293-1.841),and better self-rated health status(OR=1.156,95%CI:1.089-1.227)were positively correlated with better memory retention.Conclusions:Optimal sleep duration,regular physical exercise,meat intake,habitual reading,and internet engagement positively predict self-assessed recent episodic memory retention capacity in Chinese young-old adults.These findings underscore the potential for multi-faceted lifestyle interventions to enhance cog-nitive health in aging populations.Specifically,strategies should encompass community-based sleep hygiene management,tailored nutritional interventions(especially promoting adequate protein sources like meat),enhanced digital literacy and internet accessibility programs,and the promotion of age-appropriate physical activity initiatives.Furthermore,implementing culturally responsive strategies adapted to urban-rural contexts-such as deploying“mobile cognitive health units”in rural areas and fostering digital reading platforms in urban settings-is recommended to optimize intervention effectiveness.
文摘Objective: To study the relationship between cortical auditory evoked potential (CAEP) thresholds and behavioral thresholds in pediatric populations with sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL). Methods: Fifteen children (mean age 6.8 years) with bilateral SNHL underwent behavioral pure-tone audiometry and CAEP testing at 0.5, 1, 2, and 4 kHz. CAEP thresholds were determined using tone bursts, and correlations between CAEP and pure-tone thresholds were analyzed using Pearson correlation and t-tests. Results: A strong positive correlation was observed between P1 thresholds and behavioral thresholds across all test frequencies: 0.5 kHz (r = 0.765, p Conclusion: The strong correlation between P1 and behavioral thresholds demonstrates the reliability of CAEP testing for estimating auditory thresholds in children. These findings support the use of CAEP testing as a reliable objective tool for threshold estimation, particularly in cases where behavioral responses cannot be reliably obtained. When adjusted with frequency-specific correction values, CAEP testing provides a reliable method for assessing hearing thresholds in pediatric populations.
文摘Objective:This study aimed to examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the Behavioral Inhibition System/Behavioral Activation System(BIS/BAS)scales among stroke survivors.Methods:The cross-sectional study was conducted at four comprehensive hospitals in Taizhou,Jiangsu,China.A sample of 232 first-ever stroke survivors were recruited from June to August 2023.Validity was examined using face validity and construct validity,which used confirmatory factor analysis(CFA)and known-group analysis.Reliability was evaluated by internal consistency and test-retest reliability.Results:The BIS/BAS scales demonstrated satisfactory face validity.The findings of CFAs supported the original four-factor structure of BAS-reward,BAS-drive,BAS-fun seeking,and BIS with acceptable model fit indices.Discriminative validity,assessed via known-group analysis,indicated that stroke survivors with probable depression had significantly lower mean BAS-reward,BAS-drive,and BAS-fun seeking scores(P<0.001)and a higher mean BIS score(P=0.028)compared to those without probable depression.The internal consistency,measured by Cronbach’s a coefficients for the subscales,ranged from 0.669 to 0.964.Test-retest reliability,assessed using intra-class correlation coefficients,ranged from 0.61 to 0.93.Conclusions:The Chinese version of the BIS/BAS scales could be a reliable and valid instrument for measuring behavioral activation among stroke survivors.
基金supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32125018 and 32071005)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1101701)+5 种基金Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LD24H090002)the Nanhu Brain-computer Interface Institute(010904008)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(226-2024-00133)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang(2024SSYS0016)the Non-profit Central Research Institute Fund of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(2023-PT310-01)the MOE Frontiers Science Center for Brain Science&Brain-Machine Integration of Zhejiang University.
文摘Empathy is one of the most important abilities for social animals.In a world that is largely socially constructed,when encountering altered affective states of others,particularly negative states,individuals often exhibit evolutionarily conserved empathic behaviors,such as mirroring,consolation,and helping[l,2].Appropriate empathic behaviors can foster the consolidation of social relationships.Previous studies have suggested that both male and female rodents show some empathic behaviors when facing affective conspecifics[1].However,the role of sex in different empathic behaviors remains largely unexplored.Therefore,there is a need to probe whether animals show sex-dependent empathic behavior and which neural circuits modulate these distinct behaviors.
