The penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was experimentally investigated. A total of 177 experimental data were obtained in laboratory by varying the undrained shear strength of the two-layered ...The penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was experimentally investigated. A total of 177 experimental data were obtained in laboratory by varying the undrained shear strength of the two-layered soil and the thickness of the top soil layer. The geometric parameters of the anchor and the soil properties(the liquid limit, plastic limit, specific gravity, undrained shear strength, density, and water content) were measured. Based on the energy analysis and present test data, an empirical formula to predict the penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was proposed. The proposed formula was extensively validated by laboratory and field data of previous researchers. The results were in good agreement with those obtained for two-layered and single-layered soil bed.Finally, a sensitivity analysis on the parameters in the formula was performed.展开更多
Drill sampling has been widely employed as an effective way to acquire deep samples in extraterrestrial exploration. A novel sampling method, namely, flexible-tube coring, was adopted for the Chang＇e mission to acqui...Drill sampling has been widely employed as an effective way to acquire deep samples in extraterrestrial exploration. A novel sampling method, namely, flexible-tube coring, was adopted for the Chang＇e mission to acquire drilling cores without damaging stratification information. Since the extraterrestrial environment is uncertain and different from the terrestrial environment, automated drill sampling missions are at risk of failure. The principles of drilling and coring for the lunar subsurface should be fully tested and verified on earth before launch. This paper proposes a test-bed for conducting the aforementioned experiments on earth. The test-bed comprises a rotary-percussive drilling mechanism, penetrating mechanism, drilling medium container, and signal acquisition and control system. For granular soil, coring experiments indicate that the sampling method has a high coring rate greater than 80%. For hard rock, drilling experiments indicate that the percussive frequency greatly affects the drilling efficiency. A multi-layered simulant composed of granular soil and hard rock is built to test the adaptability of drilling and coring. To tackle complex drilling media, an intelligent drilling strategy based on online recognition is proposed to improve the adaptability of the sampling drill. The primary features of this research are the proposal of a scheme for drilling and coring a test-bed for validation on earth and the execution of drilling experiments in complex media.展开更多
为研究流态工业固废固化黄土在路基工程中应用的可行性,基于响应面法(RSM),以粒化高炉矿渣粉(GBFS)、循环流化床脱硫粉煤灰(CFBFA)、烟气脱硫石膏(FGD)为影响因素,试件7、28 d无侧限抗压强度(UCS)为响应值建立响应面模型,开展了固化剂中...为研究流态工业固废固化黄土在路基工程中应用的可行性,基于响应面法(RSM),以粒化高炉矿渣粉(GBFS)、循环流化床脱硫粉煤灰(CFBFA)、烟气脱硫石膏(FGD)为影响因素,试件7、28 d无侧限抗压强度(UCS)为响应值建立响应面模型,开展了固化剂中掺10%水泥(OPC)时,各固废材料交互作用对流态固化黄土强度的影响研究;优化了固化剂配合比,并结合XRD、FTIR、TG-DTG和SEM微观试验分析了其强度形成的水化作用机理。结果表明:随GBFS掺量增加,CFBFA掺量减小,7、28 d UCS明显增大,GBFS与CFBFA交互作用对UCS的影响显著;随FGD掺量增加,7 d UCS先增后减,而28 d UCS减小,FGD与GBFS交互作用对UCS的影响从7~28 d由显著变为不显著,而与CFBFA交互作用的影响则相反;基于RSM确定的最佳配比,并考虑强度要求及原材料成本,提出当灰土比为0.15、水固比为0.51,固化剂中掺10%OPC时,GBFS、CFBFA和FGD建议的掺量范围分别为43%~50%、25%~32%和8%~15%;在反应初期,OPC水解产生的OH-与FGD溶解出的Ca^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)可激发GBFS与CFBFA表面的火山灰活性,生成钙矾石(AFt)与水化硅(铝)酸钙(C—S—(A)—H)连结黄土颗粒并填充颗粒间孔隙,使试件7 d UCS增大;在反应中后阶段,GBFS、CFBFA持续溶解出Ca^(2+)、[SiO_(4)]^(4-)和[AlO_(4)]^(5-)发生火山灰反应,生成更多C—S—H填充结构孔隙和裂缝,试件28 d UCS进一步增大。实际工程应用中,通过调整固化剂原材料配比或灰土比等制备出的流态固化黄土完全能满足一般台背、涵背回填和一般公路路基对强度的要求。展开更多
基金financially supported by the Ministry of Education of China(Grant No.6141A02022337)
文摘The penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was experimentally investigated. A total of 177 experimental data were obtained in laboratory by varying the undrained shear strength of the two-layered soil and the thickness of the top soil layer. The geometric parameters of the anchor and the soil properties(the liquid limit, plastic limit, specific gravity, undrained shear strength, density, and water content) were measured. Based on the energy analysis and present test data, an empirical formula to predict the penetration depth of torpedo anchor in two-layered soil bed was proposed. The proposed formula was extensively validated by laboratory and field data of previous researchers. The results were in good agreement with those obtained for two-layered and single-layered soil bed.Finally, a sensitivity analysis on the parameters in the formula was performed.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51105092)Introducing Talents of Discipline to Universities(111 Program,Grant No.B07018)+1 种基金Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Grant(Grant No.LBHZ11168)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(Grant No.2012M520722)
文摘Drill sampling has been widely employed as an effective way to acquire deep samples in extraterrestrial exploration. A novel sampling method, namely, flexible-tube coring, was adopted for the Chang＇e mission to acquire drilling cores without damaging stratification information. Since the extraterrestrial environment is uncertain and different from the terrestrial environment, automated drill sampling missions are at risk of failure. The principles of drilling and coring for the lunar subsurface should be fully tested and verified on earth before launch. This paper proposes a test-bed for conducting the aforementioned experiments on earth. The test-bed comprises a rotary-percussive drilling mechanism, penetrating mechanism, drilling medium container, and signal acquisition and control system. For granular soil, coring experiments indicate that the sampling method has a high coring rate greater than 80%. For hard rock, drilling experiments indicate that the percussive frequency greatly affects the drilling efficiency. A multi-layered simulant composed of granular soil and hard rock is built to test the adaptability of drilling and coring. To tackle complex drilling media, an intelligent drilling strategy based on online recognition is proposed to improve the adaptability of the sampling drill. The primary features of this research are the proposal of a scheme for drilling and coring a test-bed for validation on earth and the execution of drilling experiments in complex media.
文摘为研究流态工业固废固化黄土在路基工程中应用的可行性,基于响应面法(RSM),以粒化高炉矿渣粉(GBFS)、循环流化床脱硫粉煤灰(CFBFA)、烟气脱硫石膏(FGD)为影响因素,试件7、28 d无侧限抗压强度(UCS)为响应值建立响应面模型,开展了固化剂中掺10%水泥(OPC)时,各固废材料交互作用对流态固化黄土强度的影响研究;优化了固化剂配合比,并结合XRD、FTIR、TG-DTG和SEM微观试验分析了其强度形成的水化作用机理。结果表明:随GBFS掺量增加,CFBFA掺量减小,7、28 d UCS明显增大,GBFS与CFBFA交互作用对UCS的影响显著;随FGD掺量增加,7 d UCS先增后减,而28 d UCS减小,FGD与GBFS交互作用对UCS的影响从7~28 d由显著变为不显著,而与CFBFA交互作用的影响则相反;基于RSM确定的最佳配比,并考虑强度要求及原材料成本,提出当灰土比为0.15、水固比为0.51,固化剂中掺10%OPC时,GBFS、CFBFA和FGD建议的掺量范围分别为43%~50%、25%~32%和8%~15%;在反应初期,OPC水解产生的OH-与FGD溶解出的Ca^(2+)、SO_(4)^(2-)可激发GBFS与CFBFA表面的火山灰活性,生成钙矾石(AFt)与水化硅(铝)酸钙(C—S—(A)—H)连结黄土颗粒并填充颗粒间孔隙,使试件7 d UCS增大;在反应中后阶段,GBFS、CFBFA持续溶解出Ca^(2+)、[SiO_(4)]^(4-)和[AlO_(4)]^(5-)发生火山灰反应,生成更多C—S—H填充结构孔隙和裂缝,试件28 d UCS进一步增大。实际工程应用中,通过调整固化剂原材料配比或灰土比等制备出的流态固化黄土完全能满足一般台背、涵背回填和一般公路路基对强度的要求。
