摘要
为探索构建“上细下粗”的土壤耕层结构,结合深松与立旋技术设计一种适用于西北地区小麦带状播种的深松-立旋组合式种床整备装置,兼具深层松土与浅层碎土功能,并可调节刀铲相对位置以及获取立旋刀扭矩数据。通过受力分析,确定前进速度、转速、深松深度、刀铲间距为关键工作参数;采用离散元仿真模型和正交旋转组合试验方法,以碎土率、阻力、扭矩、总功率为指标对作业参数进行优化。仿真结果表明:当立旋刀转速为265 r·min^(-1)、前进速度为6.63 km·h^(-1)、刀铲间距为80 mm、深松深度为232 mm时,碎土率达到98%、立旋刀扭矩为47.36 N·m、机具前进阻力为491.95 N、总功率为2.22 kW。田间试验结果表明机具的通过性良好,碎土率为91.52%、立旋刀扭矩为49.15 N·m、单行机具前进阻力为516.52 N、单行机具作业总功率为2.32 kW,满足农艺要求。
To explore the construction of a“fine on top and coarse at bottom”soil tillage layer structure,a deep loosening and vertical rotary combined seedbed preparation device suitable for wheat strip sowing in the northwest region was designed by combining deep loosening and vertical rotary technologies.This device has both deep soil loosening and shallow soil crushing functions,and it can adjust the relative position of the knife and the shovel and obtain the torque data of the vertical rotary knife.Through force analysis,it was determined that the forward speed,rotational speed,deep loosening depth,and the distance between the knife and the shovel are the key working parameters.Using a discrete element simulation model and orthogonal rotation combination test method,the operation parameters were optimized with soil crushing rate,resistance,torque,and total power as indicators.The simulation results showed that when the rotational speed of the vertical rotary knife was 265 r·min^(-1),the forward speed was 6.63 km·h^(-1),the distance between the knife and the shovel was 80 mm,and the deep loosening depth was 232 mm,the soil crushing rate reached 98%,the torque of the vertical rotary knife was 47.36 N·m,the forward resistance of the machine was 491.95 N,and the total power was 2.22 kW.The field test results showed that the machine had good passability,with a soil crushing rate of 91.52%,a torque of the vertical rotary knife of 49.15 N·m,a forward resistance of the machine of 516.52 N,and a total power of 2.32 kW for single-row operation,meeting the agronomic requirements.
作者
杨鹏琨
郑智旗
巨晓腾
赵鹏飞
付作立
黄玉祥
YANG Pengkun;ZHENG Zhiqi;JU Xiaoteng;ZHAO Pengfei;FU Zuoli;HUANG Yuxiang(College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Shaanxi Agricultural Equipment Engineering Research Center,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)
出处
《干旱地区农业研究》
北大核心
2025年第6期306-316,共11页
Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas
基金
陕西省重点研发计划项目(2024NC-YBXM-008)。
关键词
立式旋耕
种床整备
小麦播种
碎土率
离散元法
vertical rotary tillage
seed bed preparation
wheat sowing
soil crushing rate
discrete element method
