This study examined the influence of the built environment surrounding rail stations on rail transit ridership and its spatiotemporal variations,aiming to enhance rail transit operational efficiency and inform station...This study examined the influence of the built environment surrounding rail stations on rail transit ridership and its spatiotemporal variations,aiming to enhance rail transit operational efficiency and inform station planning and development.Data from 159 metro stations in Nanjing,collected over a 14-d period,were analyzed to identify changes in weekday and weekend ridership patterns.The analysis included explanatory variables grouped into three categories:urban spatial variables,socioeconomic vari-ables,and transit service variables.A geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR)model was developed,and its performance was compared with that of ordinary least squares(OLS)and geographically weighted regression(GWR)models.The results demonstrated that the GTWR model outperformed others in analyzing the relationship between rail transit ridership and the built environment.In addition,the coefficients of explanatory variables showed significant variation across spatiotemporal dimensions,revealing distinct patterns.Notably,the influence of commuter flows led to more pronounced temporal heterogeneity in the coefficients observed on weekdays.These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing urban public transportation systems and advancing integrated urban rail development.展开更多
Bite force is an important performance indicator of individual fitness that is closely related to food acquisition,male competition,and mating selection.It is also affected by a variety of factors and different mechan...Bite force is an important performance indicator of individual fitness that is closely related to food acquisition,male competition,and mating selection.It is also affected by a variety of factors and different mechanisms.Therefore,it is relatively difficult to understand the evolutionary driving forces of changes in bite force.In this study,the driving factors affecting the bite force of wild-derived red junglefowl(Gallus gallus jabouillei)were investigated from the aspects of morphological indicators and physiological characteristics.Results showed that the bite force of wild-derived red junglefowl was directly related to sex,showing obvious sexual differences.However,there was no correlation between the plasma testosterone level and bite force.The bite force of males was significantly greater than that of females,and the body index(i.e.,PC1 of five body measures,namely body mass,body length,wing length,tail length,and tarsus length),the grasp index(i.e.,tomial length×bill width)of males were significantly greater than those of females.Sexual selection may have played a key role in the evolution of bite force in the red junglefowl.Future studies should examine other key factors affecting changes in bite force to verify the correlation between secondary sexual characteristics and bite force in red junglefowls.展开更多
BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment for open bite and crossbite cases is always challenging.In this paper,we demonstrate a skeletal class III patient with anterior open bite and crossbite whose problem was successfully c...BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment for open bite and crossbite cases is always challenging.In this paper,we demonstrate a skeletal class III patient with anterior open bite and crossbite whose problem was successfully corrected with improved super-elastic Ti-Ni alloy wire(ISW).CASE SUMMARY A 19 years old male came to our clinic with a chief complaint of anterior open bite and crossbite and not able to chew food well.Clinical examination revealed an angle class III malocclusion with anterior open bite,crossbite and spaced arch.Ra-diographic and clinical examination showed a skeletal class III pattern.We used ISW to level the upper and lower arch and to correct the anterior open bite and crossbite.Intermaxillary elastics were also used to achieve a better interdigitation.Finally,adequate overbite,overjet and a desirable occlusion were achieved.The active treatment time took 2 years and 2 months.CONCLUSION In a case of class III angular malocclusion with open bite and crossbite in the ante-rior teeth,ideal results were achieved using the ISW technique and the patient was satisfied with the outcome.展开更多
Descriptive signs in radiology can aid in easier pattern recognition and quicker diagnosis.In spinal cord ischemia,paired anterior-horn T2-hyperintensities have traditionally been known as the“owl’s eyes”or“snake ...Descriptive signs in radiology can aid in easier pattern recognition and quicker diagnosis.In spinal cord ischemia,paired anterior-horn T2-hyperintensities have traditionally been known as the“owl’s eyes”or“snake eyes”sign.We discuss how these signs,while visually apt,convey no pathophysiologic context and propose renaming this finding the“snake bite sign”.The image still evokes two punctate marks,yet the metaphor extends to a snake bite(two fang-like dots)rather than two bright foci(eyes)staring back at the viewer.Moreover,besides the sign metaphorically resembling a traumatic puncture of the two fangs,on the occasion of a venomous snake bite occurring elsewhere,additional neurological consequences may occur,paralleling the neurological deficits seen in anterior spinal artery infarction and several mimicking myelopathies,thus further high-lighting the analogy.Such clinically driven terminology may facilitate teaching,enable diagnostic recall,and improve interdisciplinary communication.展开更多
Newly built tunnels often encounter a series of defects within the first few years of operation.If not promptly addressed and reinforced,these defects threaten the tunnel's durability and stability and bring sever...Newly built tunnels often encounter a series of defects within the first few years of operation.If not promptly addressed and reinforced,these defects threaten the tunnel's durability and stability and bring severe challenges to its safe operation.This study aims to explore reinforcement techniques for addressing defects in newly built tunnels.The research begins with an analysis of common defects found in newly built tunnels,followed by a case study of the Jinfeng Tunnel in Chongqing,examining the post-construction defects.The actual reinforcement strategies and methods employed for the tunnel are then discussed.Finally,based on the research findings,this study provides insights and references for tunnel operation and construction units in China,aiming to enhance the overall quality of tunnel engineering in the country,align with sustainable development goals,and promote further improvements at a macro level.展开更多
A low-carbon lifestyle presents new opportunities for sustainable urban development.While previous studies have verified the impact of the built environment and socioeconomic status(SES)on low-carbon lifestyles,they h...A low-carbon lifestyle presents new opportunities for sustainable urban development.While previous studies have verified the impact of the built environment and socioeconomic status(SES)on low-carbon lifestyles,they have primarily focused on direct effects.At present,there is still a lack of analysis on the interaction effects on low-carbon lifestyles,and limited attention has been given to the peer effect in low-carbon lifestyles,especially in the context of residential differentiation.Therefore,we take Zhengzhou city as the case area and first calculate the low-carbon lifestyle of 1485 families from three dimensions:low-carbon action(A),low-carbon interest(I)and low-carbon opinion(O).We then analyze the direct and interactive impacts of the built environment and SES on low-carbon lifestyles and explore the peer effect.Our findings indicate that families with higher SES have higher levels of low-carbon interest and low-carbon opinion,but relatively low levels of low-carbon action.This suggests an interest-action bias in the low-carbon lifestyles of high-SES families.POI density,road network density and accessibility positively affect low-carbon lifestyles—that is,residents living in areas with well-developed infrastructure and convenient transportation tend to be green in their daily behavior.The peer effect influences low-carbon action,interest,and opinion by 54.6%,34.9%,and 16%,respectively,indicating that the peer effect is most evident in low-carbon action.That is,the peer effect is more obvious in low-carbon action.In addition,the built environment affects the low-carbon lifestyles of different SES groups.Land-use mix positively increases low-carbon action and low-carbon interest among high-SES groups but reduces low-carbon opinion.Road network density positively affects the low-carbon action of high-SES groups and the low-carbon interest and low-carbon opinion of low-SES groups.This study explores low-carbon lifestyles from a situational perspective,providing a practical basis for policies aimed at accelerating a transition to sustainable living.展开更多
As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a ...As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a crucial research area for indoor air pollution control in order to create a hygienic and safe built environment.Based on this,the study reviews sterilization technologies in the built environment,focusing on the principles,efficiency and applicability,revealing advantages and limitations,and summarizing current research advances.Despite the efficacy of single sterilization technologies in specific environments,the corresponding side effects still exist.Thus,this review highlights the efficiency of hybrid sterilization technologies,providing an in-depth understanding of the practical application in the built environment.Also,it presents an outlook on the future direction of sterilization technology,including the development of new methods that are more efficient,energy-saving,and targeted to better address microbial contamination in the complex and changing built environment.Overall,this study provides a clear guide for selecting technologies to handle microbial contamination in different building environments in the future,as well as a scientific basis for developing more effective air quality control strategies.展开更多
The effects of the built environment factors on urban vitality have attracted wide attention in the urban planning fields in recent years,but few studies have considered the variables’relative importance and their no...The effects of the built environment factors on urban vitality have attracted wide attention in the urban planning fields in recent years,but few studies have considered the variables’relative importance and their nonlinear effects on urban vitality.Taking a Chinese metropolis—Hangzhou as a case study,this study applied the gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)model to explore the nonlinear effects of the 5D factors of the urban built environment on urban social vitality and economic vitality and the importance of variables.The results show that the GBDT model has better goodness of fit than the traditional ordinary least squares(OLS)regression in the urban vitality models.The urban built environment plays an important role in affecting urban vitality,while built environment designs witness the most important effect.Specifically,the density of shopping facilities,medical facilities,and road networks are the most important factors affecting urban social vitality,while road network density,destination accessibility,and population density play the most important roles in affecting urban economic vitality.Finally,the urban built environment factors have nonlinear threshold effects on both urban economic and social vitality in Hangzhou,with differing nonlinear response patterns observed between social and economic dimensions.展开更多
Chinese food culture boasts a long history and rich connotations.As an important window for disseminating Chinese food culture,A Bite of China’s English translation plays a crucial role in the international spread of...Chinese food culture boasts a long history and rich connotations.As an important window for disseminating Chinese food culture,A Bite of China’s English translation plays a crucial role in the international spread of culture.Culture-loaded words concerning food carry profound cultural heritages,posing numerous challenges to translation.This study takes Eco-Translatology as the theoretical framework,and adopts the case-study method to explore English translation of such words.It selects a large number of translation cases of culture-loaded words related to food from the English version of A Bite of China and deeply analyzes them.This study demonstrates that Eco-Translatology has significant guiding value for the English translation of culture-loaded food words in A Bite of China.Its multi-dimensional transformation strategies contribute to improving translation quality,providing practical references for the translation of Chinese food culture into foreign languages,and playing a positive role in promoting food culture exchange.展开更多
Urban vitality is one of the key indicators of sustainable urban development and an important factor for shrinking cities to achieve internal optimization.The relationship between the built environment and urban vital...Urban vitality is one of the key indicators of sustainable urban development and an important factor for shrinking cities to achieve internal optimization.The relationship between the built environment and urban vitality has been extensively discussed.However,the moderating effect of housing vacancy on the built environment’s effect on urban vitality in shrinking cities has not been explored in detail.This paper selected Yichun District in Yichun City of Heilongjiang Province,a typical shrinking city in Northeast China,as the study area,focusing on the effect of the built environment on urban vitality in shrinking cities based on residential and commercial electricity consumption data for 2013 and 2018.Moreover,this study also explored the moderating mechanisms of residential and commercial housing vacancies on the built environment’s effect on urban vitality.The results demonstrate that the spatial pattern of urban vitality in the Yichun District is‘high in the center and low in the periphery’.Population density,building age,road density,and catering facilities are recognized as the main built environment factors affecting the vitality of shrinking cities.Residential and commercial housing vacancies have a significant moderating effect on the built environment’s effect on urban vitality.Residential housing vacancies enhance the positive effect of road density and the negative effect of greening rate.In addition,commercial housing vacancies suppress the positive effect of building density and enhance the positive effect of accessibility to urban service facilities.The study indicates that built environment factors exhibit heterogeneous effects on vitality in the context of urban shrinkage,as moderated by housing vacancies.Targeted regulation of built environment factors is of practical significance in realizing the internal development and vitality enhancement of shrinking cities.展开更多
基金The National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2022YFC3800201).
文摘This study examined the influence of the built environment surrounding rail stations on rail transit ridership and its spatiotemporal variations,aiming to enhance rail transit operational efficiency and inform station planning and development.Data from 159 metro stations in Nanjing,collected over a 14-d period,were analyzed to identify changes in weekday and weekend ridership patterns.The analysis included explanatory variables grouped into three categories:urban spatial variables,socioeconomic vari-ables,and transit service variables.A geographically and temporally weighted regression(GTWR)model was developed,and its performance was compared with that of ordinary least squares(OLS)and geographically weighted regression(GWR)models.The results demonstrated that the GTWR model outperformed others in analyzing the relationship between rail transit ridership and the built environment.In addition,the coefficients of explanatory variables showed significant variation across spatiotemporal dimensions,revealing distinct patterns.Notably,the influence of commuter flows led to more pronounced temporal heterogeneity in the coefficients observed on weekdays.These findings offer valuable insights for optimizing urban public transportation systems and advancing integrated urban rail development.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(no.31800320 and no.32360250 to XR)Natural Science Foundation of Hainan Province(no.320RC506 to XR)+3 种基金funded by the project supported by the Scientific Research start-up Fund of Hainan University[no.KYQD(ZR)20057]the Teaching Research of Hainan University(no.Hdsz20-9)supported by Hainan Tropical Rainforest Conservation Research Project,ZDYF2023RDYL01(supported by the Hainan Institute of National Park,HINP,KY-24ZK02)supported by the specific research fund of The Innovation Platform for Academicians of Hainan Province.
文摘Bite force is an important performance indicator of individual fitness that is closely related to food acquisition,male competition,and mating selection.It is also affected by a variety of factors and different mechanisms.Therefore,it is relatively difficult to understand the evolutionary driving forces of changes in bite force.In this study,the driving factors affecting the bite force of wild-derived red junglefowl(Gallus gallus jabouillei)were investigated from the aspects of morphological indicators and physiological characteristics.Results showed that the bite force of wild-derived red junglefowl was directly related to sex,showing obvious sexual differences.However,there was no correlation between the plasma testosterone level and bite force.The bite force of males was significantly greater than that of females,and the body index(i.e.,PC1 of five body measures,namely body mass,body length,wing length,tail length,and tarsus length),the grasp index(i.e.,tomial length×bill width)of males were significantly greater than those of females.Sexual selection may have played a key role in the evolution of bite force in the red junglefowl.Future studies should examine other key factors affecting changes in bite force to verify the correlation between secondary sexual characteristics and bite force in red junglefowls.
文摘BACKGROUND Orthodontic treatment for open bite and crossbite cases is always challenging.In this paper,we demonstrate a skeletal class III patient with anterior open bite and crossbite whose problem was successfully corrected with improved super-elastic Ti-Ni alloy wire(ISW).CASE SUMMARY A 19 years old male came to our clinic with a chief complaint of anterior open bite and crossbite and not able to chew food well.Clinical examination revealed an angle class III malocclusion with anterior open bite,crossbite and spaced arch.Ra-diographic and clinical examination showed a skeletal class III pattern.We used ISW to level the upper and lower arch and to correct the anterior open bite and crossbite.Intermaxillary elastics were also used to achieve a better interdigitation.Finally,adequate overbite,overjet and a desirable occlusion were achieved.The active treatment time took 2 years and 2 months.CONCLUSION In a case of class III angular malocclusion with open bite and crossbite in the ante-rior teeth,ideal results were achieved using the ISW technique and the patient was satisfied with the outcome.
文摘Descriptive signs in radiology can aid in easier pattern recognition and quicker diagnosis.In spinal cord ischemia,paired anterior-horn T2-hyperintensities have traditionally been known as the“owl’s eyes”or“snake eyes”sign.We discuss how these signs,while visually apt,convey no pathophysiologic context and propose renaming this finding the“snake bite sign”.The image still evokes two punctate marks,yet the metaphor extends to a snake bite(two fang-like dots)rather than two bright foci(eyes)staring back at the viewer.Moreover,besides the sign metaphorically resembling a traumatic puncture of the two fangs,on the occasion of a venomous snake bite occurring elsewhere,additional neurological consequences may occur,paralleling the neurological deficits seen in anterior spinal artery infarction and several mimicking myelopathies,thus further high-lighting the analogy.Such clinically driven terminology may facilitate teaching,enable diagnostic recall,and improve interdisciplinary communication.
文摘Newly built tunnels often encounter a series of defects within the first few years of operation.If not promptly addressed and reinforced,these defects threaten the tunnel's durability and stability and bring severe challenges to its safe operation.This study aims to explore reinforcement techniques for addressing defects in newly built tunnels.The research begins with an analysis of common defects found in newly built tunnels,followed by a case study of the Jinfeng Tunnel in Chongqing,examining the post-construction defects.The actual reinforcement strategies and methods employed for the tunnel are then discussed.Finally,based on the research findings,this study provides insights and references for tunnel operation and construction units in China,aiming to enhance the overall quality of tunnel engineering in the country,align with sustainable development goals,and promote further improvements at a macro level.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42171295,No.42401380Outstanding Youth Science Fund of Henan Province,No.242300421144+1 种基金The Postgraduate Cultivating Innovation and Quality Improvement Action Plan of Henan University,No.SYLYC2022013Henan Science and Technology Innovation Talent Project,No.24HASTIT050。
文摘A low-carbon lifestyle presents new opportunities for sustainable urban development.While previous studies have verified the impact of the built environment and socioeconomic status(SES)on low-carbon lifestyles,they have primarily focused on direct effects.At present,there is still a lack of analysis on the interaction effects on low-carbon lifestyles,and limited attention has been given to the peer effect in low-carbon lifestyles,especially in the context of residential differentiation.Therefore,we take Zhengzhou city as the case area and first calculate the low-carbon lifestyle of 1485 families from three dimensions:low-carbon action(A),low-carbon interest(I)and low-carbon opinion(O).We then analyze the direct and interactive impacts of the built environment and SES on low-carbon lifestyles and explore the peer effect.Our findings indicate that families with higher SES have higher levels of low-carbon interest and low-carbon opinion,but relatively low levels of low-carbon action.This suggests an interest-action bias in the low-carbon lifestyles of high-SES families.POI density,road network density and accessibility positively affect low-carbon lifestyles—that is,residents living in areas with well-developed infrastructure and convenient transportation tend to be green in their daily behavior.The peer effect influences low-carbon action,interest,and opinion by 54.6%,34.9%,and 16%,respectively,indicating that the peer effect is most evident in low-carbon action.That is,the peer effect is more obvious in low-carbon action.In addition,the built environment affects the low-carbon lifestyles of different SES groups.Land-use mix positively increases low-carbon action and low-carbon interest among high-SES groups but reduces low-carbon opinion.Road network density positively affects the low-carbon action of high-SES groups and the low-carbon interest and low-carbon opinion of low-SES groups.This study explores low-carbon lifestyles from a situational perspective,providing a practical basis for policies aimed at accelerating a transition to sustainable living.
文摘As globalization accelerates,microbial contamination in the built environment poses a major public health challenge.Especially since Corona Virus Disease 2019(COVID-19),microbial sterilization technology has become a crucial research area for indoor air pollution control in order to create a hygienic and safe built environment.Based on this,the study reviews sterilization technologies in the built environment,focusing on the principles,efficiency and applicability,revealing advantages and limitations,and summarizing current research advances.Despite the efficacy of single sterilization technologies in specific environments,the corresponding side effects still exist.Thus,this review highlights the efficiency of hybrid sterilization technologies,providing an in-depth understanding of the practical application in the built environment.Also,it presents an outlook on the future direction of sterilization technology,including the development of new methods that are more efficient,energy-saving,and targeted to better address microbial contamination in the complex and changing built environment.Overall,this study provides a clear guide for selecting technologies to handle microbial contamination in different building environments in the future,as well as a scientific basis for developing more effective air quality control strategies.
基金National Social Science Foundation of China,No.20FJLB025National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.42471207,No.42471203Zhejiang Province Philosophy and Social Science Planning,Zhijiang Youth Special Project,24ZJQN118Y。
文摘The effects of the built environment factors on urban vitality have attracted wide attention in the urban planning fields in recent years,but few studies have considered the variables’relative importance and their nonlinear effects on urban vitality.Taking a Chinese metropolis—Hangzhou as a case study,this study applied the gradient boosting decision tree(GBDT)model to explore the nonlinear effects of the 5D factors of the urban built environment on urban social vitality and economic vitality and the importance of variables.The results show that the GBDT model has better goodness of fit than the traditional ordinary least squares(OLS)regression in the urban vitality models.The urban built environment plays an important role in affecting urban vitality,while built environment designs witness the most important effect.Specifically,the density of shopping facilities,medical facilities,and road networks are the most important factors affecting urban social vitality,while road network density,destination accessibility,and population density play the most important roles in affecting urban economic vitality.Finally,the urban built environment factors have nonlinear threshold effects on both urban economic and social vitality in Hangzhou,with differing nonlinear response patterns observed between social and economic dimensions.
文摘Chinese food culture boasts a long history and rich connotations.As an important window for disseminating Chinese food culture,A Bite of China’s English translation plays a crucial role in the international spread of culture.Culture-loaded words concerning food carry profound cultural heritages,posing numerous challenges to translation.This study takes Eco-Translatology as the theoretical framework,and adopts the case-study method to explore English translation of such words.It selects a large number of translation cases of culture-loaded words related to food from the English version of A Bite of China and deeply analyzes them.This study demonstrates that Eco-Translatology has significant guiding value for the English translation of culture-loaded food words in A Bite of China.Its multi-dimensional transformation strategies contribute to improving translation quality,providing practical references for the translation of Chinese food culture into foreign languages,and playing a positive role in promoting food culture exchange.
基金Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.42171191,41771172,42201211,42401249)Science and Technology Development Plan Project of Jilin Province,China(No.20220508025RC)Young Scientist Group Project of Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.2022QNXZ02)。
文摘Urban vitality is one of the key indicators of sustainable urban development and an important factor for shrinking cities to achieve internal optimization.The relationship between the built environment and urban vitality has been extensively discussed.However,the moderating effect of housing vacancy on the built environment’s effect on urban vitality in shrinking cities has not been explored in detail.This paper selected Yichun District in Yichun City of Heilongjiang Province,a typical shrinking city in Northeast China,as the study area,focusing on the effect of the built environment on urban vitality in shrinking cities based on residential and commercial electricity consumption data for 2013 and 2018.Moreover,this study also explored the moderating mechanisms of residential and commercial housing vacancies on the built environment’s effect on urban vitality.The results demonstrate that the spatial pattern of urban vitality in the Yichun District is‘high in the center and low in the periphery’.Population density,building age,road density,and catering facilities are recognized as the main built environment factors affecting the vitality of shrinking cities.Residential and commercial housing vacancies have a significant moderating effect on the built environment’s effect on urban vitality.Residential housing vacancies enhance the positive effect of road density and the negative effect of greening rate.In addition,commercial housing vacancies suppress the positive effect of building density and enhance the positive effect of accessibility to urban service facilities.The study indicates that built environment factors exhibit heterogeneous effects on vitality in the context of urban shrinkage,as moderated by housing vacancies.Targeted regulation of built environment factors is of practical significance in realizing the internal development and vitality enhancement of shrinking cities.
