本文在国民经济核算体系(System of National Accounts,SNA)框架下估算中国制造业分行业研发(R&D)资本存量,为后续经济分析提供相对可靠的基础数据。首先,利用辅助指标和统计检验对R&D支出及其构成进行估算与调整,有效解决行业...本文在国民经济核算体系(System of National Accounts,SNA)框架下估算中国制造业分行业研发(R&D)资本存量,为后续经济分析提供相对可靠的基础数据。首先,利用辅助指标和统计检验对R&D支出及其构成进行估算与调整,有效解决行业分类和统计口径等数据不可比问题;其次,在SNA-2008框架下将R&D支出转换为R&D投资,利用BEA方法估算得到1990-2016年制造业28个两位数行业的R&D资本存量;最后,对典型行业进行深入比较分析,提出有针对性的政策建议。结果显示:(1)制造业R&D资本存量总体上呈现快速增长趋势;(2)以计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业为代表的高技术产业是科技创新的主要力量,但在基础研究领域没有明显优势且对传统制造业的引领作用尚显不足;(3)传统制造业对科技创新的贡献相对减少但地位仍然重要,部分传统制造业已经成为R&D资本存量新的增长点。展开更多
The United States have played a role of vanguard and promoter in both of introducing the concept of “trade in services” and developing FATS statistics. Behind what have the US done for the international system of tr...The United States have played a role of vanguard and promoter in both of introducing the concept of “trade in services” and developing FATS statistics. Behind what have the US done for the international system of trade in services,there are its earlier develop advantage and the huge economic and trade benefit in its trade in services with the rest of the world.展开更多
文摘本文在国民经济核算体系(System of National Accounts,SNA)框架下估算中国制造业分行业研发(R&D)资本存量,为后续经济分析提供相对可靠的基础数据。首先,利用辅助指标和统计检验对R&D支出及其构成进行估算与调整,有效解决行业分类和统计口径等数据不可比问题;其次,在SNA-2008框架下将R&D支出转换为R&D投资,利用BEA方法估算得到1990-2016年制造业28个两位数行业的R&D资本存量;最后,对典型行业进行深入比较分析,提出有针对性的政策建议。结果显示:(1)制造业R&D资本存量总体上呈现快速增长趋势;(2)以计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业为代表的高技术产业是科技创新的主要力量,但在基础研究领域没有明显优势且对传统制造业的引领作用尚显不足;(3)传统制造业对科技创新的贡献相对减少但地位仍然重要,部分传统制造业已经成为R&D资本存量新的增长点。
文摘The United States have played a role of vanguard and promoter in both of introducing the concept of “trade in services” and developing FATS statistics. Behind what have the US done for the international system of trade in services,there are its earlier develop advantage and the huge economic and trade benefit in its trade in services with the rest of the world.
