Sweet basil （Ocimum basilicum L.） is a popular culinary herbal crop grown for the fresh or dry leaf, essential oil and seed markets. Recently, basil has been shown to rank highest among spices and herbal crops for x...Sweet basil （Ocimum basilicum L.） is a popular culinary herbal crop grown for the fresh or dry leaf, essential oil and seed markets. Recently, basil has been shown to rank highest among spices and herbal crops for xanthophyll carotenoids, which are associated with a decreased risk of cancer and age-related eye diseases. Nitrogen fertilizer encourages vegetative growth and increases oil yield in aromatic plants by enhancing leaf area development and photosynthetic rate. Our goal was to determine the influence of different concentrations of nitrogen （N） fertilization on basil physiology. The trial examined the cultivation of Ocimum basilicum L. （variety Genovese gigante）. The experiment was carried out under Mediterranean climatic conditions. The experiment considered the adoption of three nitrogen （N） treatments （0, 160, 240 kg N ha-1）. The following biometric parameters were determined： plant height, leaves per plant, leaf to stem ratio, number of branchings per plant, leaf area index （LAI）, above-ground fresh and leaf biomass. Considering the parameters most strictly linked to the economic results （total fresh weight, fresh weight of the leaves and total dry weight）, we found that 160 kg N ha^-1 treatment showed the best performance.展开更多
Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) project that is being conducted at the National Oilseed Processing Research Institute (NOPRI) aims at exploiting the genetic diversity and associated phenotypic variation in the inves...Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) project that is being conducted at the National Oilseed Processing Research Institute (NOPRI) aims at exploiting the genetic diversity and associated phenotypic variation in the investigated basil germplasm and evaluating key factors such as variety, plant ontogeny and plant parts that affect yield, chemical constituents, aroma and flavor of essential oils. This paper discussed the variability inessential oils content and chemical constituents of the aerial plant parts of the basil. An open-air pot experiment was carried out using three accessions provided by Agricultural Research Corporation-Genetic Resources Unit, Sudan. The essential oils were hydro distilled from the aerial parts, flowers, leaves, stems, using Clevenger apparatus. The chemical constituents of the essential oils were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). As the hydro distillation yielded no oil from the stem, we present only the results for leaves and flowers. The results revealed that the essential oil content varied with a range of 0.29% to 0.33% for flowers and 0.32% to 0.48% for leaves. As usual, the content of essential oils was higher in leaves than in flowers. The Silate-Egyptian accession had the lowest essential oil content obtained from leaves and flowers. However, South Darfur accession from Sudan had the highest oil content but did not significantly differ from Kennana accession. Several oil components were identified based upon comparison of their mass spectral data with those of reference compounds published in literature or stored in a computer library. The combined GC-MS analysis showed that methyl eugenol was the major constituent of the essential oil of Kennana accession. While the major constituent of essential oil of South-Darfur and Silate-Egyptian accessions were germacrene and linalool, respectively.展开更多
Objective: To study the effects of basil polysaccharide (BP) in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Methods: One hundred and fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups to observe the effect on tumor...Objective: To study the effects of basil polysaccharide (BP) in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Methods: One hundred and fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups to observe the effect on tumor growth after H22 cancer cells had been transplanted subcutaneously into their right armpit region and treated with different dosages (5 mg/kg, 2. 5 mg/kg and 1. 25 mg/kg) of BP for 14 days, with Mi-tomycin (Mit-C) used as control. Another 150 mice were randomly divided into three groups, models of tumor metastasis in the lung by various paths (lymphatic, blood circulatory and spontaneous) were established respectively. They were treated with BP or Mit-C to observe the influence of treatments on tumor metastasis by various paths. Results: BP of various dosages showed no effect on tumor growth, but in high and middle dosage, it could significantly reduce the number or metastasis nodules ( P<0. 05). Conclusion: BP has a tumor metastasis inhibitory effect, which might be one of the candidates for new anti-tumor metastasis agents. Its mechanism may be blocking the function of platelets in the tumor metastasis progress.展开更多
Basil seed,containing anionic heteropolysaccharides in its outer pericarp,swells as gelatinous hydrocolloid when soaked in water.In this study,basil seed powder(BSP)was used as a multifunctional additive for water-bas...Basil seed,containing anionic heteropolysaccharides in its outer pericarp,swells as gelatinous hydrocolloid when soaked in water.In this study,basil seed powder(BSP)was used as a multifunctional additive for water-based drilling fluids.The chemical composition,water absorbency,rheological properties of aqueous suspension of BSP were tested.The effect of BSP on the rheological and filtration of bentonitebased drilling fluid before and after thermal aging was investigated.The inhibition characteristics were evaluated by linear swelling,shale cuttings dispersion and shale immersion test.Lubricity improvement by BSP was measured with extreme pressure lubricity test.The results revealed that incorporation of BSP into bentonite suspension improved rheological and filtration properties effectively after thermal aging of 120℃.BSP exhibited superior inhibitive capacity to xanthan and synergistic effect with KCl.BSP could reduce friction by forming hydration layer.The nanoscale three-dimensional network structures enable BSP to maintain high water retention and absorb strongly on bentonite and metal surface,contributing to enhanced rheology,filtration,inhibition and lubrication properties.The versatile characteristic of BSP,as well as biodegradation makes it a promising additive using in high performance water-based drilling fluid and a potential alternative to conventional synthetic polymers.展开更多
Currently, the food industry, including the meat industry, is paying close attention to the use of natural additives as preservatives. From ancient times, the plants are used to treat various diseases, to produce perf...Currently, the food industry, including the meat industry, is paying close attention to the use of natural additives as preservatives. From ancient times, the plants are used to treat various diseases, to produce perfumes and as ingredients to improve the taste in food. This paper presents a bibliographic and experimental study of the antioxidant and microbial properties of basil, thyme and tarragon. International scientific papers on the use of these plants in the food industry, including the meat industry, are targeted. The role of basil, thyme and tarragon in the manufacture of functional and stable products in storage is mentioned. Percentage decrease in <i>Salmonella Abony</i> growth under the influence of basil constituted 84.4%, thyme 61.6% and tarragon 76.8% after 48 hours of action and respectively 97.2%, 90.2% and 95.3% after 72 hours of action. The interdependence between the percentage reduction of S. Abony infestation and the concentration of basil, mushrooms and tarragon was respectively: basil (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7725 … 0.7916), thyme (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7733 … 0.7768), tarragon (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7689 … 0.8137).展开更多
In this study we investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-lipoprotein-oxidation activities of phenolic extract from sweet basil a popular culinary herb.The hypolipidemic activity was studied in mice model injected intr...In this study we investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-lipoprotein-oxidation activities of phenolic extract from sweet basil a popular culinary herb.The hypolipidemic activity was studied in mice model injected intraperitoneally with Triton WR-1339 at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight.The animals were grouped as follows:normolipidemic control group(n=8),hyperlipidemic control group(n=8)and phenolic extract-treated group(n=8)at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight.After 7 h and 24 h treatment,the oral administration of the phenolic extract exerts a significant reduction of plasma total cholesterol,triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol concentrations(P<0.001).On the other hand,we demonstrated that the phenolic extract prevents plasma lipid oxidation by 16%(P<0.001),20%(P<0.001),32%(P<0.001)and 44%(P<0.001)at a doses of 10,25,50 and 100g/mL,respectively.The results were compared with ascorbic acid used as standard synthetic antioxidant.HPLC analysis shows that the extract contains 4 major phenolics and is especially rich in rosmarinic acid.This finding indicates that the phenolic extract might be beneficial in lowering hyperlipidemia and preventing atherosclerosis.展开更多
Volatile components in the extracts of basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with electron ionization (EI) mode. The major volatile components of basil unde...Volatile components in the extracts of basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with electron ionization (EI) mode. The major volatile components of basil under investigation are α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, eucalyptol, l-linalool and estragole. Electron ionization mass spectra of these compounds have been obtained and investigated. Furthermore, the semi-empirical MNDO [Modified Neglect of Diatomic Overlap] method was used to calculate the thermochemical data for the structural properties of these compounds.展开更多
The extraction of bioactive compounds has become one of the most interesting areas of modern chemistry.For therapeutic reasons,it´s important to obtain antimicrobial agents from natural origin.The objective of th...The extraction of bioactive compounds has become one of the most interesting areas of modern chemistry.For therapeutic reasons,it´s important to obtain antimicrobial agents from natural origin.The objective of the present study was to determine the inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract of basil(Ocimum basilicum L.var.Red Rubin)subjected to different concentrations of potassium(K^(+))on the activity of three bacterial strains that are pathogens in humans.Susceptibility was evaluated by inhibition surface and these results were compared to two antibiotics:Gentamicin(GE)and Ciprofloxacin(CPF)for their efficacy against each bacterial strain.Analyzed variables presented significant difference(p≤0.05).According to the results,basil extract evaluated showed positive antibacterial activity against the three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus on Mueller Hinton agar.It was observed highest inhibition areas of different diameters(15.3 mm,21.3 mm and 21.6 mm respectively)when the extract used was obtained from the plants with the highest concentration of potassium(13 mmol L-1).These values were even superior to the highest values showed on the treatments with the antibiotic gentamicin.展开更多
Salting is a traditional process to preserve food,while news species have been salted showing good results.However,salt accelerates lipid oxidation,influencing shelf-life of salted products.Using of antioxidants incre...Salting is a traditional process to preserve food,while news species have been salted showing good results.However,salt accelerates lipid oxidation,influencing shelf-life of salted products.Using of antioxidants increases salted and/or desalted products shelf-life.Among the antioxidants employed in food industry spices have shown satisfactory results.In this work aqueous basil extract(Ocimunbasilicum)in pintachara salt was used.Pintachara is a hybrid of pintado and cachara(genus Pseudoplatystoma)whose flesh is much appreciated,being desirable to develop new product of this fish.The aqueous basil extract was used in a brine salt,and process was carried out with a control treatment.Samples were obtained during salting in 1,14,24,36,48 hours.In each sample period it analyzed moisture,water activity,salt content e TBARS.The aqueous basil extract interfered in salting processes and showed antioxidant action in this process.Practical applications:Brazilian consumers appreciate salted fish,as influence of Portuguese culture.There are some typical regional products,such as the pantaneiro cod,which consists on catfish from Pantanal that is salted as cod.The development of hybrids from native fishes in aquaculture leads to higher lipid content in the hybrids and the addition of natural antioxidants during salting process increases the product shelf-life and keeps the sensorial properties.展开更多
In recent years,the development of functional packaging from natural active compounds has been a promising strategy for microbial control in foods.In this study,the basil essential oil(BEO)was applied as the principal...In recent years,the development of functional packaging from natural active compounds has been a promising strategy for microbial control in foods.In this study,the basil essential oil(BEO)was applied as the principal antibacterial agent,and a controlled-release nanofibrous system was engineered with responsiveness to bacterial phospholipase.It indicated that encapsulation by cationic liposome significantly improved the dispersity and stability of BEO during the electrospinning process,and the prepared BEO-loaded cationic liposomes(BCLs)could maintain structural integrity in polymer nanofibers.The resulting BCLs-loaded nanofibers showed an effective antibacterial activity against L.monocytogenes.Additionally,it is worth noting that incorporation of soybean lecithin in nanofiber substrate could accelerate the release of loaded antibacterial agents when exposed to L.monocytogenes,thus obtaining an enhanced antibacterial activity.This could be attributed to the increased sensitivity of nanofibers to the degradation by bacterial phospholipases after incorporation with soybean lecithin.Finally,the application test showed that the prepared antibacterial nanofibrous mats could help maintain the quality of chilled pork during 4-days storage,which indicated their promising potential as active packaging.Given the serious threat of L.monocytogenes to food safety,the present antibacterial nanofibers have wide application prospect for improving microbial safety of chilled meat.展开更多
Active packaging based on biomaterials and essential oils is an alternate for plastic ones.But,essential oils are chemically and physiologically labile,and they have strong scents,limiting their use as antimicrobial a...Active packaging based on biomaterials and essential oils is an alternate for plastic ones.But,essential oils are chemically and physiologically labile,and they have strong scents,limiting their use as antimicrobial additives in food.Thus,in this investigation,basil oil was encapsulated in silica nanoparticles(basil oil@SiNPs)and combined with chitosan films(basil oil@SiNPs@chitosan).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),surface area and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)analysis,encapsulation and loading%were used to evaluate basil oil@SiNPs.The surface area of SiNPs decreased from 59.006 to 43.86 cm^(2)/g due to basil oil encapsulation.The encapsulation and loading%were 81.96,65.87,48.48 and 43.13,37.64,33.44%for 2,1.5,and 1 mL of basil oil,respectively.Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR),XRD,thermogravimetric analysis(TG),mechanical,wettability,water vapor permeability(WVP),oxygen permeability(OP)features;water vapor sorption isotherms and antimicrobial inhibition tests were used to describe the produced basil oil@SiNPs@chitosan films.Water contact angles and activation energy increased from 89.0◦to 110.9◦and-11.97 to-20.40 kJ/mol,respectively after addition of basil oil@SiNPs.However,WVP decreased from 5.9580×10^(-1)±0.33 to 4.2413×10^(-1)±0.55 g.mm.m^(-2).h^(-1).kPa^(-1)and OP increased from 4.094×10^(-4)±0.52 to 6.715×10^(-5)±0.32(g.m^(-2).day^(-1).atm^(-1)).The four models Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer(GAB),Smith,Henderson and SIPSI were suitable for describing the moisture sorption of basil oil@SiNPs@chitosan films.Basil oil@SiNPs has antimicrobial inhibition against Gram positive and negative bacteria,pathogenic yeast.展开更多
The physicochemical properties and color of dried seed mucilage(gums)depend on thecondition and method of drying.So,in this study,the effects of infrared(IR)dryer systemparameters such as IR power(150,250,and 375 W),d...The physicochemical properties and color of dried seed mucilage(gums)depend on thecondition and method of drying.So,in this study,the effects of infrared(IR)dryer systemparameters such as IR power(150,250,and 375 W),distance of mucilage from lamp surface(4,8,and 12 cm),mucilage thickness(0.5,1.0,and 1.5 cm)on drying kinetics and colorindexes(L*a*b*)of basil seed mucilage(BSM)were examined in an IR dryer system.IR dry-ing kinetic of BSM was modeled using mathematical approach.Thus,experimental mois-ture ratio data were fitted to 8 various empirical models.It was found that Page model hasthe best fit to show the kinetic behavior and acceptably described the IR drying behavior ofBSM with the highest correlation coefficient values and the lowest standard error values.The average effective moisture diffusivity(Deff)increased from 1.69×10^(-9)to 9.21×10^(-9)m^(2)/s with increasing lamp power from 150 W to 375 W,while it was decreased from7.93×10^(-9)to 2.65×10^(-9)m^(2)/s and 7.81×10^(-9)to 1.82×10^(-9)m^(2)/s with increasing the dis-tance of mucilage from 4 to 12 cm and the reduction of mucilage thickness from 1.5 to0.5 cm,respectively.The increasing in IR radiation power has a positive influence on thelightness(increasing L*index)of dried BSM and it reduced color changes index(DE)from13.04 to 11.51.The results showed that IR drying method has great industrial potential insaving processing time as well as energy with better maintenance of color and quality ofdried BSM.展开更多
Part baking of bread and frozen storage as the new methods have attracted a lot of attention due to an increase in shelf life and the availability of fresh bread at any time.Replacing traditional additives with natura...Part baking of bread and frozen storage as the new methods have attracted a lot of attention due to an increase in shelf life and the availability of fresh bread at any time.Replacing traditional additives with natural gums such as plant gum for producing bread with long shelf life is considered as a major technological challenge in bakery industry.The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of 0,0.3%,and 0.5%concentrations of plant gums including Basil and Balangu,compared to guar gum at 0.4%on the physicochemical properties such as specific volume,extensibility,hardness,and color parameter,as well as sensory properties of part baked frozen bread.The results indicated adding gums to bread decreased in hardness and increased in specific volume,extensibility,color parameter and sensory properties.Based on the comparison between plant gums and guar,Basil and Balangu could improve volume,porosity,and sensory score more than guar against the guar which was more effective on moisture content and firmness of Barbari bread.The best results were obtained in the interaction between Basil and Balangu gums on 0.5%concentration.展开更多
Filtration control is important to ensure safe and high efficient drilling.The aim of the current research is to explore the feasibility of using basil seed powders(BSPs)to reduce filtration loss in water-based drilli...Filtration control is important to ensure safe and high efficient drilling.The aim of the current research is to explore the feasibility of using basil seed powders(BSPs)to reduce filtration loss in water-based drilling fluid.The effect of BSP concentration,thermal aging temperature,inorganic salts(NaCl and CaCl_(2))on the filtration properties of bentonite/basil suspensions was investigated.The filtration control mechanism of BSP was probed via water absorbency test,zeta potential measurement,particle size distribution measurement,and filter cake morphologies observation by scanning electron microscope.The incorporation of BSPs into the bentonite suspension generated acceptable rheology below 1.0 w/v%.The BSPs exhibited effective filtration control after thermal aging at 120C,but less efficiency at 150C.After thermal aging at 120℃,the bentonite suspension containing 1.0 w/v%BSPs could resist NaCl and CaCl_(2) pollution of 5.0 w/v%and 0.3 w/v%respectively.Besides general filtration control behaviors,the exceptional water retaining capability formed by numerous nanoscale 3D networks in the basil seed gum and considerable insoluble small particles in BSPs might further contribute to the filtration control.The excellent filtration properties bring basil seed a suitable and green candidate for the establishment of high-performance drilling fluids.展开更多
文摘Sweet basil （Ocimum basilicum L.） is a popular culinary herbal crop grown for the fresh or dry leaf, essential oil and seed markets. Recently, basil has been shown to rank highest among spices and herbal crops for xanthophyll carotenoids, which are associated with a decreased risk of cancer and age-related eye diseases. Nitrogen fertilizer encourages vegetative growth and increases oil yield in aromatic plants by enhancing leaf area development and photosynthetic rate. Our goal was to determine the influence of different concentrations of nitrogen （N） fertilization on basil physiology. The trial examined the cultivation of Ocimum basilicum L. （variety Genovese gigante）. The experiment was carried out under Mediterranean climatic conditions. The experiment considered the adoption of three nitrogen （N） treatments （0, 160, 240 kg N ha-1）. The following biometric parameters were determined： plant height, leaves per plant, leaf to stem ratio, number of branchings per plant, leaf area index （LAI）, above-ground fresh and leaf biomass. Considering the parameters most strictly linked to the economic results （total fresh weight, fresh weight of the leaves and total dry weight）, we found that 160 kg N ha^-1 treatment showed the best performance.
文摘Sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) project that is being conducted at the National Oilseed Processing Research Institute (NOPRI) aims at exploiting the genetic diversity and associated phenotypic variation in the investigated basil germplasm and evaluating key factors such as variety, plant ontogeny and plant parts that affect yield, chemical constituents, aroma and flavor of essential oils. This paper discussed the variability inessential oils content and chemical constituents of the aerial plant parts of the basil. An open-air pot experiment was carried out using three accessions provided by Agricultural Research Corporation-Genetic Resources Unit, Sudan. The essential oils were hydro distilled from the aerial parts, flowers, leaves, stems, using Clevenger apparatus. The chemical constituents of the essential oils were determined by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). As the hydro distillation yielded no oil from the stem, we present only the results for leaves and flowers. The results revealed that the essential oil content varied with a range of 0.29% to 0.33% for flowers and 0.32% to 0.48% for leaves. As usual, the content of essential oils was higher in leaves than in flowers. The Silate-Egyptian accession had the lowest essential oil content obtained from leaves and flowers. However, South Darfur accession from Sudan had the highest oil content but did not significantly differ from Kennana accession. Several oil components were identified based upon comparison of their mass spectral data with those of reference compounds published in literature or stored in a computer library. The combined GC-MS analysis showed that methyl eugenol was the major constituent of the essential oil of Kennana accession. While the major constituent of essential oil of South-Darfur and Silate-Egyptian accessions were germacrene and linalool, respectively.
基金This program was funded by Health Office of Shandong Province (No. 2001CA1CDA1) Chinese Medicine Bureau of Shandong Province (No. 99 - 46)
文摘Objective: To study the effects of basil polysaccharide (BP) in inhibiting tumor growth and metastasis in vivo. Methods: One hundred and fifty mice were randomly divided into five groups to observe the effect on tumor growth after H22 cancer cells had been transplanted subcutaneously into their right armpit region and treated with different dosages (5 mg/kg, 2. 5 mg/kg and 1. 25 mg/kg) of BP for 14 days, with Mi-tomycin (Mit-C) used as control. Another 150 mice were randomly divided into three groups, models of tumor metastasis in the lung by various paths (lymphatic, blood circulatory and spontaneous) were established respectively. They were treated with BP or Mit-C to observe the influence of treatments on tumor metastasis by various paths. Results: BP of various dosages showed no effect on tumor growth, but in high and middle dosage, it could significantly reduce the number or metastasis nodules ( P<0. 05). Conclusion: BP has a tumor metastasis inhibitory effect, which might be one of the candidates for new anti-tumor metastasis agents. Its mechanism may be blocking the function of platelets in the tumor metastasis progress.
基金financially supported by CNPC Innovation Foundation(2020D-5007-0310)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51974354)National Key Research and Development Project(2019YFA0708303)。
文摘Basil seed,containing anionic heteropolysaccharides in its outer pericarp,swells as gelatinous hydrocolloid when soaked in water.In this study,basil seed powder(BSP)was used as a multifunctional additive for water-based drilling fluids.The chemical composition,water absorbency,rheological properties of aqueous suspension of BSP were tested.The effect of BSP on the rheological and filtration of bentonitebased drilling fluid before and after thermal aging was investigated.The inhibition characteristics were evaluated by linear swelling,shale cuttings dispersion and shale immersion test.Lubricity improvement by BSP was measured with extreme pressure lubricity test.The results revealed that incorporation of BSP into bentonite suspension improved rheological and filtration properties effectively after thermal aging of 120℃.BSP exhibited superior inhibitive capacity to xanthan and synergistic effect with KCl.BSP could reduce friction by forming hydration layer.The nanoscale three-dimensional network structures enable BSP to maintain high water retention and absorb strongly on bentonite and metal surface,contributing to enhanced rheology,filtration,inhibition and lubrication properties.The versatile characteristic of BSP,as well as biodegradation makes it a promising additive using in high performance water-based drilling fluid and a potential alternative to conventional synthetic polymers.
文摘Currently, the food industry, including the meat industry, is paying close attention to the use of natural additives as preservatives. From ancient times, the plants are used to treat various diseases, to produce perfumes and as ingredients to improve the taste in food. This paper presents a bibliographic and experimental study of the antioxidant and microbial properties of basil, thyme and tarragon. International scientific papers on the use of these plants in the food industry, including the meat industry, are targeted. The role of basil, thyme and tarragon in the manufacture of functional and stable products in storage is mentioned. Percentage decrease in <i>Salmonella Abony</i> growth under the influence of basil constituted 84.4%, thyme 61.6% and tarragon 76.8% after 48 hours of action and respectively 97.2%, 90.2% and 95.3% after 72 hours of action. The interdependence between the percentage reduction of S. Abony infestation and the concentration of basil, mushrooms and tarragon was respectively: basil (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7725 … 0.7916), thyme (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7733 … 0.7768), tarragon (R<sup>2</sup> = 0.7689 … 0.8137).
文摘In this study we investigated the hypolipidemic and anti-lipoprotein-oxidation activities of phenolic extract from sweet basil a popular culinary herb.The hypolipidemic activity was studied in mice model injected intraperitoneally with Triton WR-1339 at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight.The animals were grouped as follows:normolipidemic control group(n=8),hyperlipidemic control group(n=8)and phenolic extract-treated group(n=8)at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight.After 7 h and 24 h treatment,the oral administration of the phenolic extract exerts a significant reduction of plasma total cholesterol,triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol concentrations(P<0.001).On the other hand,we demonstrated that the phenolic extract prevents plasma lipid oxidation by 16%(P<0.001),20%(P<0.001),32%(P<0.001)and 44%(P<0.001)at a doses of 10,25,50 and 100g/mL,respectively.The results were compared with ascorbic acid used as standard synthetic antioxidant.HPLC analysis shows that the extract contains 4 major phenolics and is especially rich in rosmarinic acid.This finding indicates that the phenolic extract might be beneficial in lowering hyperlipidemia and preventing atherosclerosis.
文摘Volatile components in the extracts of basil leaves (Ocimum basilicum L.) were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) with electron ionization (EI) mode. The major volatile components of basil under investigation are α-pinene, sabinene, β-pinene, d-limonene, eucalyptol, l-linalool and estragole. Electron ionization mass spectra of these compounds have been obtained and investigated. Furthermore, the semi-empirical MNDO [Modified Neglect of Diatomic Overlap] method was used to calculate the thermochemical data for the structural properties of these compounds.
文摘The extraction of bioactive compounds has become one of the most interesting areas of modern chemistry.For therapeutic reasons,it´s important to obtain antimicrobial agents from natural origin.The objective of the present study was to determine the inhibitory effect of ethanolic extract of basil(Ocimum basilicum L.var.Red Rubin)subjected to different concentrations of potassium(K^(+))on the activity of three bacterial strains that are pathogens in humans.Susceptibility was evaluated by inhibition surface and these results were compared to two antibiotics:Gentamicin(GE)and Ciprofloxacin(CPF)for their efficacy against each bacterial strain.Analyzed variables presented significant difference(p≤0.05).According to the results,basil extract evaluated showed positive antibacterial activity against the three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa,Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus on Mueller Hinton agar.It was observed highest inhibition areas of different diameters(15.3 mm,21.3 mm and 21.6 mm respectively)when the extract used was obtained from the plants with the highest concentration of potassium(13 mmol L-1).These values were even superior to the highest values showed on the treatments with the antibiotic gentamicin.
文摘Salting is a traditional process to preserve food,while news species have been salted showing good results.However,salt accelerates lipid oxidation,influencing shelf-life of salted products.Using of antioxidants increases salted and/or desalted products shelf-life.Among the antioxidants employed in food industry spices have shown satisfactory results.In this work aqueous basil extract(Ocimunbasilicum)in pintachara salt was used.Pintachara is a hybrid of pintado and cachara(genus Pseudoplatystoma)whose flesh is much appreciated,being desirable to develop new product of this fish.The aqueous basil extract was used in a brine salt,and process was carried out with a control treatment.Samples were obtained during salting in 1,14,24,36,48 hours.In each sample period it analyzed moisture,water activity,salt content e TBARS.The aqueous basil extract interfered in salting processes and showed antioxidant action in this process.Practical applications:Brazilian consumers appreciate salted fish,as influence of Portuguese culture.There are some typical regional products,such as the pantaneiro cod,which consists on catfish from Pantanal that is salted as cod.The development of hybrids from native fishes in aquaculture leads to higher lipid content in the hybrids and the addition of natural antioxidants during salting process increases the product shelf-life and keeps the sensorial properties.
基金This research project was financially supported by State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource(Grant no.2019XK 2002)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant no.31972172)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(Grant no.BK20201417)Jiangsu Province Research Fund(Grant no.JNHB-131)Jiangsu University Research Fund(Grant no.11JDG050).
文摘In recent years,the development of functional packaging from natural active compounds has been a promising strategy for microbial control in foods.In this study,the basil essential oil(BEO)was applied as the principal antibacterial agent,and a controlled-release nanofibrous system was engineered with responsiveness to bacterial phospholipase.It indicated that encapsulation by cationic liposome significantly improved the dispersity and stability of BEO during the electrospinning process,and the prepared BEO-loaded cationic liposomes(BCLs)could maintain structural integrity in polymer nanofibers.The resulting BCLs-loaded nanofibers showed an effective antibacterial activity against L.monocytogenes.Additionally,it is worth noting that incorporation of soybean lecithin in nanofiber substrate could accelerate the release of loaded antibacterial agents when exposed to L.monocytogenes,thus obtaining an enhanced antibacterial activity.This could be attributed to the increased sensitivity of nanofibers to the degradation by bacterial phospholipases after incorporation with soybean lecithin.Finally,the application test showed that the prepared antibacterial nanofibrous mats could help maintain the quality of chilled pork during 4-days storage,which indicated their promising potential as active packaging.Given the serious threat of L.monocytogenes to food safety,the present antibacterial nanofibers have wide application prospect for improving microbial safety of chilled meat.
文摘Active packaging based on biomaterials and essential oils is an alternate for plastic ones.But,essential oils are chemically and physiologically labile,and they have strong scents,limiting their use as antimicrobial additives in food.Thus,in this investigation,basil oil was encapsulated in silica nanoparticles(basil oil@SiNPs)and combined with chitosan films(basil oil@SiNPs@chitosan).Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),Transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD),surface area and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(BET)analysis,encapsulation and loading%were used to evaluate basil oil@SiNPs.The surface area of SiNPs decreased from 59.006 to 43.86 cm^(2)/g due to basil oil encapsulation.The encapsulation and loading%were 81.96,65.87,48.48 and 43.13,37.64,33.44%for 2,1.5,and 1 mL of basil oil,respectively.Fourier-transform infrared(FT-IR),XRD,thermogravimetric analysis(TG),mechanical,wettability,water vapor permeability(WVP),oxygen permeability(OP)features;water vapor sorption isotherms and antimicrobial inhibition tests were used to describe the produced basil oil@SiNPs@chitosan films.Water contact angles and activation energy increased from 89.0◦to 110.9◦and-11.97 to-20.40 kJ/mol,respectively after addition of basil oil@SiNPs.However,WVP decreased from 5.9580×10^(-1)±0.33 to 4.2413×10^(-1)±0.55 g.mm.m^(-2).h^(-1).kPa^(-1)and OP increased from 4.094×10^(-4)±0.52 to 6.715×10^(-5)±0.32(g.m^(-2).day^(-1).atm^(-1)).The four models Guggenheim-Anderson-de Boer(GAB),Smith,Henderson and SIPSI were suitable for describing the moisture sorption of basil oil@SiNPs@chitosan films.Basil oil@SiNPs has antimicrobial inhibition against Gram positive and negative bacteria,pathogenic yeast.
文摘The physicochemical properties and color of dried seed mucilage(gums)depend on thecondition and method of drying.So,in this study,the effects of infrared(IR)dryer systemparameters such as IR power(150,250,and 375 W),distance of mucilage from lamp surface(4,8,and 12 cm),mucilage thickness(0.5,1.0,and 1.5 cm)on drying kinetics and colorindexes(L*a*b*)of basil seed mucilage(BSM)were examined in an IR dryer system.IR dry-ing kinetic of BSM was modeled using mathematical approach.Thus,experimental mois-ture ratio data were fitted to 8 various empirical models.It was found that Page model hasthe best fit to show the kinetic behavior and acceptably described the IR drying behavior ofBSM with the highest correlation coefficient values and the lowest standard error values.The average effective moisture diffusivity(Deff)increased from 1.69×10^(-9)to 9.21×10^(-9)m^(2)/s with increasing lamp power from 150 W to 375 W,while it was decreased from7.93×10^(-9)to 2.65×10^(-9)m^(2)/s and 7.81×10^(-9)to 1.82×10^(-9)m^(2)/s with increasing the dis-tance of mucilage from 4 to 12 cm and the reduction of mucilage thickness from 1.5 to0.5 cm,respectively.The increasing in IR radiation power has a positive influence on thelightness(increasing L*index)of dried BSM and it reduced color changes index(DE)from13.04 to 11.51.The results showed that IR drying method has great industrial potential insaving processing time as well as energy with better maintenance of color and quality ofdried BSM.
文摘Part baking of bread and frozen storage as the new methods have attracted a lot of attention due to an increase in shelf life and the availability of fresh bread at any time.Replacing traditional additives with natural gums such as plant gum for producing bread with long shelf life is considered as a major technological challenge in bakery industry.The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of 0,0.3%,and 0.5%concentrations of plant gums including Basil and Balangu,compared to guar gum at 0.4%on the physicochemical properties such as specific volume,extensibility,hardness,and color parameter,as well as sensory properties of part baked frozen bread.The results indicated adding gums to bread decreased in hardness and increased in specific volume,extensibility,color parameter and sensory properties.Based on the comparison between plant gums and guar,Basil and Balangu could improve volume,porosity,and sensory score more than guar against the guar which was more effective on moisture content and firmness of Barbari bread.The best results were obtained in the interaction between Basil and Balangu gums on 0.5%concentration.
基金This research was supported by CNPC Innovation Foundation(2020D-5007-0310),Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51974354)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.18CX02099A).
文摘Filtration control is important to ensure safe and high efficient drilling.The aim of the current research is to explore the feasibility of using basil seed powders(BSPs)to reduce filtration loss in water-based drilling fluid.The effect of BSP concentration,thermal aging temperature,inorganic salts(NaCl and CaCl_(2))on the filtration properties of bentonite/basil suspensions was investigated.The filtration control mechanism of BSP was probed via water absorbency test,zeta potential measurement,particle size distribution measurement,and filter cake morphologies observation by scanning electron microscope.The incorporation of BSPs into the bentonite suspension generated acceptable rheology below 1.0 w/v%.The BSPs exhibited effective filtration control after thermal aging at 120C,but less efficiency at 150C.After thermal aging at 120℃,the bentonite suspension containing 1.0 w/v%BSPs could resist NaCl and CaCl_(2) pollution of 5.0 w/v%and 0.3 w/v%respectively.Besides general filtration control behaviors,the exceptional water retaining capability formed by numerous nanoscale 3D networks in the basil seed gum and considerable insoluble small particles in BSPs might further contribute to the filtration control.The excellent filtration properties bring basil seed a suitable and green candidate for the establishment of high-performance drilling fluids.
