Background and Objective Social anxiety arising from intensive social media usage(SMU)among adolescents and youth has gained extensive attention in recent years due to its negative influence on mental health and acade...Background and Objective Social anxiety arising from intensive social media usage(SMU)among adolescents and youth has gained extensive attention in recent years due to its negative influence on mental health and academic performance.In spite of that,there is a dearth regarding the etiology of SMU-related social anxiety.This study aims to further clarify the influence of introversion personality on SMU-related social anxiety and the mechanism underlying such an association and provide a new perspective for developing effective intervention strategies for the highly prevailing SMU-related anxiety among Chinese college students.Methods A cohort of 979 college students(266 males and 713 females)aged 20.90±1.91 years was enrolled in this cross-sectional study.Four measures including the"extroversion"domain of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised,Short Scale(EPQ-R-S E),Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS),Mobile Phone Addiction Index(MPAI),and Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users(SAS-SMU)were used to evaluate the influence of introversion personality on SMU-related social anxiety that was potentially mediated sequentially by interaction anxiousness and mobile phone addiction.Hayes PROCESS was used for correlation and mediation analysis.Results Interaction anxiousness(indirect effect=-1.331,95%CI:-1.559--1.122)partially mediated the association between introversion personality and SMU-related social anxiety.Besides,a sequential mediation of interaction anxiousness and mobile phone addiction in the link between introversion personality and SMU-related social anxiety was revealed(indirect effect=-0.308,95%CI:-0.404--0.220).No significant mediating effect was found with mobile phone addiction in the association between introversion personality and SMU-related social anxiety.Conclusion Targeting interaction anxiousness and mobile phone addiction may represent an efficient strategy alleviating SMU-related social anxiety among Chinese college students with introversion personality.展开更多
Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comor...Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2DM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries. Methods People aged 18-65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women;with mean (SD) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%;however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India. Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted.展开更多
Background:University students’ego-identity,an essential component of their psychological development and mental health,has widely attracted the attention of policymakers,schools,and parents.Method:A total of 298 Chi...Background:University students’ego-identity,an essential component of their psychological development and mental health,has widely attracted the attention of policymakers,schools,and parents.Method:A total of 298 Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates were recruited,and a conditional process analysis model was adopted to explore the interaction mechanism of ego-identity.Results:The results suggest that the ego-identity of Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates is significantly affected by interaction anxiousness,academic resilience,and cultural intelligence.(1)Interaction anxiousness significantly and positively predicts ego-identity.(2)Academic resilience positively and partially mediates the effect of interaction anxiousness on ego-identity.(3)Cultural intelligence significantly and positively moderates the relationship between interaction anxiousness and ego-identity.However,a similar moderating effect was not found between interaction anxiousness and academic resilience.(4)As cultural intelligence increases,the negative influence of interaction anxiousness on ego-identity gradually diminishes,whatever the cultural intelligence level.Conclusions:Interaction anxiousness,academic resilience,and cultural intelligence are essential determinants of ego-identity among Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates.Strategic interventions should be utilized to enhance their abilities to alleviate interpersonal tensions,promote their resilience in facing academic difficulties,cope with diverse cultures,and boost their sense of self-confirmation.展开更多
Sleep deprivation is a common problem among university students,it causes lowered cognitive skills,higher tend of suicide,risk-taking behavior and interaction anxiety.By using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)a...Sleep deprivation is a common problem among university students,it causes lowered cognitive skills,higher tend of suicide,risk-taking behavior and interaction anxiety.By using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS),the survey on the sleep quality and interaction anxiousness was carried out among 124 undergraduate students,in order to found the correlation between sleep deprivation and interaction anxiousness.The results showed a strong positive correlation between them.This study also investigates the difference of PSQI and IAS among students with varied disciplines and grades,and findings illustrated a poor sleep quality as well as poor interpersonal communication situation among university students.展开更多
BACKGROUND： The long-term neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA） mainly caused by repeated exposure to MDMA or a single big dose of MDMA, which results in degeneration of serotonin terminal of ce...BACKGROUND： The long-term neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA） mainly caused by repeated exposure to MDMA or a single big dose of MDMA, which results in degeneration of serotonin terminal of central nervous system, and someone believe that the great release of serotonin transmitter in central nervous system will lead to anxious mood. OBJECTIVE： To observe the changes of anxiety related behaviors in rats after single administration of different doses of MDMA. DESIGN： A randomized control study SETTING： Laboratory of Psychopharmacology of the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. MATERIALS： Thirty male adult Wistar rats, weighing （251.3＋18.34） g, were used, MDMA were obtained from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, and dissolved in saline. All the doses of the drug were administered in a volume of 1 mg/kg. METHODS ： The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Psychopharmacology of the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University in July 2003. ①The rats were randomly divided into control group （n=6） and experimental group （n=24）, and then those in the latter were randomly assigned into four subgroups of MDMA 3, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg groups, with 6 rats in each, which were administrated by single intraperitoneal injection of MDMA 3, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg respectively, and those in the control group were administrated by single intraperitoneal injection of saline of the same volume. ② The open field test, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test were performed immediately after administration. For the open field test, the apparatus was situated in a darkened room, illuminated by a single 60 W white light bulb located approximately 60 cm above the center of the open field. Before administration, all the rats were placed into the open field to be familiar with the open field for 5 minutes. They were observed for 45 minutes after administration. The locomotion （number of squares the rat passes）, rearing response, time spent in central squares and defecation were observed, 1 minute for each time for a total of 9 times. For the elevated plus-maze test, the maze was situated in a quiet darkened room, illuminated by a single 60 W white light bulb located approximately 50 cm above the center of the maze. Arm entries were only counted when all the four paws had entered either a closed or an open arm within 5 minutes, and the time spent in the arms were observed. For the social interaction test, the matched rats were put into the arena head-to-head in opposite direction, and aggressive-type behaviors, avoidance, passive and exploration were observed. ③ The one-way analysis of variance was performed with the SPSS 10.0 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The results of open field test, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test were observed. RESULTS： All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Results of open field test： After single administration of MDMA of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, the dose-dependent Iocomotors （number of squares the rat passes） in the experimental groups were obviously higher than those in the control group [（21.67±17,55）, （34.44±19.47）, （33.48±23.34）, （7.31 ±6,02） s; P 〈 0.05], and the rearing responses were markedly lower than those in the control group [（0.70±1.71）, （0.96±1.68）, （0.39±0.88）, （1.37±1.59） s, P 〈 0.05]. ② Results of the elevated plus-maze test： After acute administration of MDMA, there were no differences between the MDMA subgroups and saline group in the number of open-arms entries, the open-arms time, the percent of number of open arm entries/total arm entries, and the percent of time spent on the open arms/total time （P 〉 0.05）.③ Results of the social international test： After acute administration of MDMA, there were no differences between the MDMA subgroups and saline group in the aggressive-type behaviors, avoidance, passive, exploration and total time of interaction （P 〉 0.05） CONCLUSION： The acute administration of MDMA has no obvious influence on the anxiety-related behaviors of rats.展开更多
The development of mobile phone has brought great convenience to people＇s daily life, smart phone with various applications has improved the quality of life of people, but also change the people＇s behavior. As a maj...The development of mobile phone has brought great convenience to people＇s daily life, smart phone with various applications has improved the quality of life of people, but also change the people＇s behavior. As a major group of using smart phones, college students have also experienced situations in which the use of mobile phones has decreased the efficiency of learning and escaped from academic pressure. This is a quantitative research for college student in Halmstad that aims at exploring the relevance between smartphone addiction and interaction anxiousness. The sample of 123 college students using smartphone was collected and using incidental sampling method with the use of college students＇ smartphone addiction scale and interaction anxiousness scale as questionnaires to collect data. The analysis of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent-sample t-test, and regression et al. was used on SPSS 23. According to the results, The smartphone addiction is not common among Swedish college students. The overall status of college students＇ interaction anxiousness is close to a moderate level. Interaction anxiousness has significant differences in gender, subject and grade. There is a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and interaction anxiousness. Interaction anxiousness has a certain predictive effect on smartphone addiction.展开更多
文摘Background and Objective Social anxiety arising from intensive social media usage(SMU)among adolescents and youth has gained extensive attention in recent years due to its negative influence on mental health and academic performance.In spite of that,there is a dearth regarding the etiology of SMU-related social anxiety.This study aims to further clarify the influence of introversion personality on SMU-related social anxiety and the mechanism underlying such an association and provide a new perspective for developing effective intervention strategies for the highly prevailing SMU-related anxiety among Chinese college students.Methods A cohort of 979 college students(266 males and 713 females)aged 20.90±1.91 years was enrolled in this cross-sectional study.Four measures including the"extroversion"domain of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised,Short Scale(EPQ-R-S E),Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS),Mobile Phone Addiction Index(MPAI),and Social Anxiety Scale for Social Media Users(SAS-SMU)were used to evaluate the influence of introversion personality on SMU-related social anxiety that was potentially mediated sequentially by interaction anxiousness and mobile phone addiction.Hayes PROCESS was used for correlation and mediation analysis.Results Interaction anxiousness(indirect effect=-1.331,95%CI:-1.559--1.122)partially mediated the association between introversion personality and SMU-related social anxiety.Besides,a sequential mediation of interaction anxiousness and mobile phone addiction in the link between introversion personality and SMU-related social anxiety was revealed(indirect effect=-0.308,95%CI:-0.404--0.220).No significant mediating effect was found with mobile phone addiction in the association between introversion personality and SMU-related social anxiety.Conclusion Targeting interaction anxiousness and mobile phone addiction may represent an efficient strategy alleviating SMU-related social anxiety among Chinese college students with introversion personality.
文摘Background Anxiety disorder, one of the highly disabling, prevalent and common mental disorders, is known to be more prevalent in persons with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) than the general population, and the comorbid presence of anxiety disorders is known to have an impact on the diabetes outcome and the quality of life. However, the information on the type of anxiety disorder and its prevalence in persons with T2DM is limited. Aims To assess the prevalence and correlates of anxiety disorder in people with type 2 diabetes in different countries. Methods People aged 18-65 years with diabetes and treated in outpatient settings were recruited in 15 countries and underwent a psychiatric interview with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Demographic and medical record data were collected. Results A total of 3170 people with type 2 diabetes (56.2% women;with mean (SD) duration of diabetes 10.01 (7.0) years) participated. The overall prevalence of anxiety disorders in type 2 diabetic persons was 18%;however, 2.8% of the study population had more than one type of anxiety disorder. The most prevalent anxiety disorders were generalised anxiety disorder (8.1%) and panic disorder (5.1%). Female gender, presence of diabetic complications, longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control (HbA1c levels) were significantly associated with comorbid anxiety disorder. A higher prevalence of anxiety disorders was observed in Ukraine, Saudi Arabia and Argentina with a lower prevalence in Bangladesh and India. Conclusions Our international study shows that people with type 2 diabetes have a high prevalence of anxiety disorders, especially women, those with diabetic complications, those with a longer duration of diabetes and poorer glycaemic control. Early identification and appropriate timely care of psychiatric problems of people with type 2 diabetes is warranted.
基金the South China Normal University Teaching Reform Program(Grant No.2021263)the South China Normal University Teaching Reform Program(Grant No.2022240)the Postgraduate Innovative Research Program of the School of Education at South China Normal University(Grant No.20220309).
文摘Background:University students’ego-identity,an essential component of their psychological development and mental health,has widely attracted the attention of policymakers,schools,and parents.Method:A total of 298 Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates were recruited,and a conditional process analysis model was adopted to explore the interaction mechanism of ego-identity.Results:The results suggest that the ego-identity of Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates is significantly affected by interaction anxiousness,academic resilience,and cultural intelligence.(1)Interaction anxiousness significantly and positively predicts ego-identity.(2)Academic resilience positively and partially mediates the effect of interaction anxiousness on ego-identity.(3)Cultural intelligence significantly and positively moderates the relationship between interaction anxiousness and ego-identity.However,a similar moderating effect was not found between interaction anxiousness and academic resilience.(4)As cultural intelligence increases,the negative influence of interaction anxiousness on ego-identity gradually diminishes,whatever the cultural intelligence level.Conclusions:Interaction anxiousness,academic resilience,and cultural intelligence are essential determinants of ego-identity among Chinese vocational pathway undergraduates.Strategic interventions should be utilized to enhance their abilities to alleviate interpersonal tensions,promote their resilience in facing academic difficulties,cope with diverse cultures,and boost their sense of self-confirmation.
文摘Sleep deprivation is a common problem among university students,it causes lowered cognitive skills,higher tend of suicide,risk-taking behavior and interaction anxiety.By using the Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)and Interaction Anxiousness Scale(IAS),the survey on the sleep quality and interaction anxiousness was carried out among 124 undergraduate students,in order to found the correlation between sleep deprivation and interaction anxiousness.The results showed a strong positive correlation between them.This study also investigates the difference of PSQI and IAS among students with varied disciplines and grades,and findings illustrated a poor sleep quality as well as poor interpersonal communication situation among university students.
文摘BACKGROUND： The long-term neurotoxicity of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine （MDMA） mainly caused by repeated exposure to MDMA or a single big dose of MDMA, which results in degeneration of serotonin terminal of central nervous system, and someone believe that the great release of serotonin transmitter in central nervous system will lead to anxious mood. OBJECTIVE： To observe the changes of anxiety related behaviors in rats after single administration of different doses of MDMA. DESIGN： A randomized control study SETTING： Laboratory of Psychopharmacology of the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University. MATERIALS： Thirty male adult Wistar rats, weighing （251.3＋18.34） g, were used, MDMA were obtained from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products, and dissolved in saline. All the doses of the drug were administered in a volume of 1 mg/kg. METHODS ： The experiment was carried out in the Laboratory of Psychopharmacology of the Mental Health Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University in July 2003. ①The rats were randomly divided into control group （n=6） and experimental group （n=24）, and then those in the latter were randomly assigned into four subgroups of MDMA 3, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg groups, with 6 rats in each, which were administrated by single intraperitoneal injection of MDMA 3, 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg respectively, and those in the control group were administrated by single intraperitoneal injection of saline of the same volume. ② The open field test, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test were performed immediately after administration. For the open field test, the apparatus was situated in a darkened room, illuminated by a single 60 W white light bulb located approximately 60 cm above the center of the open field. Before administration, all the rats were placed into the open field to be familiar with the open field for 5 minutes. They were observed for 45 minutes after administration. The locomotion （number of squares the rat passes）, rearing response, time spent in central squares and defecation were observed, 1 minute for each time for a total of 9 times. For the elevated plus-maze test, the maze was situated in a quiet darkened room, illuminated by a single 60 W white light bulb located approximately 50 cm above the center of the maze. Arm entries were only counted when all the four paws had entered either a closed or an open arm within 5 minutes, and the time spent in the arms were observed. For the social interaction test, the matched rats were put into the arena head-to-head in opposite direction, and aggressive-type behaviors, avoidance, passive and exploration were observed. ③ The one-way analysis of variance was performed with the SPSS 10.0 software. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： The results of open field test, elevated plus-maze test and social interaction test were observed. RESULTS： All the 30 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Results of open field test： After single administration of MDMA of 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg, the dose-dependent Iocomotors （number of squares the rat passes） in the experimental groups were obviously higher than those in the control group [（21.67±17,55）, （34.44±19.47）, （33.48±23.34）, （7.31 ±6,02） s; P 〈 0.05], and the rearing responses were markedly lower than those in the control group [（0.70±1.71）, （0.96±1.68）, （0.39±0.88）, （1.37±1.59） s, P 〈 0.05]. ② Results of the elevated plus-maze test： After acute administration of MDMA, there were no differences between the MDMA subgroups and saline group in the number of open-arms entries, the open-arms time, the percent of number of open arm entries/total arm entries, and the percent of time spent on the open arms/total time （P 〉 0.05）.③ Results of the social international test： After acute administration of MDMA, there were no differences between the MDMA subgroups and saline group in the aggressive-type behaviors, avoidance, passive, exploration and total time of interaction （P 〉 0.05） CONCLUSION： The acute administration of MDMA has no obvious influence on the anxiety-related behaviors of rats.
文摘The development of mobile phone has brought great convenience to people＇s daily life, smart phone with various applications has improved the quality of life of people, but also change the people＇s behavior. As a major group of using smart phones, college students have also experienced situations in which the use of mobile phones has decreased the efficiency of learning and escaped from academic pressure. This is a quantitative research for college student in Halmstad that aims at exploring the relevance between smartphone addiction and interaction anxiousness. The sample of 123 college students using smartphone was collected and using incidental sampling method with the use of college students＇ smartphone addiction scale and interaction anxiousness scale as questionnaires to collect data. The analysis of descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, independent-sample t-test, and regression et al. was used on SPSS 23. According to the results, The smartphone addiction is not common among Swedish college students. The overall status of college students＇ interaction anxiousness is close to a moderate level. Interaction anxiousness has significant differences in gender, subject and grade. There is a significant positive correlation between smartphone addiction and interaction anxiousness. Interaction anxiousness has a certain predictive effect on smartphone addiction.
