A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumer...A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumers. This test requires the estimation of a demand system in a quantity format. It cannot be performed when a demand system is specified in share format. The share specification of any demand system is like a straight jacket: once worn, it forces the error covariance matrix to be singular and the adding up condition to hold whether or not the data generating process warrants it. The empirical verification of the adding up hypothesis uses a five-commodity sample selected from the Canadian Family Expenditure Survey with 4847 observations. Three specifications are considered: AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System), QUAIDS (Quadratic AIDS) and EASI (Exact Affine Stone Index). The hypothesis is rejected in all three cases with a high level of confidence.展开更多
Suppressing the coffee ring effect(CRE)of an aqueous suspension through manipulation without affecting the remaining deposit is highly desirable for practical applications;however,this is extremely challenging.Here,we...Suppressing the coffee ring effect(CRE)of an aqueous suspension through manipulation without affecting the remaining deposit is highly desirable for practical applications;however,this is extremely challenging.Here,we demonstrate CRE suppression with undetectable disturbance of the deposit on carbon-based surfaces.This was achieved by adding ammonium bicarbonate(NH4HCO_(3)),which benefits from the dissociation of NH_(4)HCO_(3) to produce NH_(4)^(+),as well as its decomposition into NH_(3) and CO_(2) molecules.Surprisingly,NH_(4)^(+) can also function as Na^(+)/K^(+)to suppress the CRE through cation interactions,although its hydrate state is only partially positively charged.Moreover,we successfully applied this approach to enhance the morphology,resistance,and color uniformity of deposits of graphene oxide quantum dots,conductive inks,and organic dyes,respectively.This study provides a practical strategy for improving the performance of fabricated devices and paves the way for the development of high-accuracy manufacturing techniques in diverse industries.展开更多
This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicl...This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).As UAVs increasingly contribute to diverse fields,from surveillance to delivery,FANETs have emerged as essential in ensuring stable,dynamic communication channels among drones in flight.This research adopts a dual approach,combining rigorous theoretical analysis with detailed practical simulations to assess the performance,adaptability,and efficiency of FANETs in varying conditions.The findings emphasize the ability of FANETs to manage network congestion effectively in densely populated areas,a critical feature for maintaining reliable communications in complex scenarios.Moreover,FANETs demonstrate high potential to support critical applications,such as emergency response,disaster management,and public safety operations,where quick and coordinated action is paramount.The study also underscores the importance of establishing a hierarchical structure among nodes within the network,which allows for more efficient data exchange and helps optimize the overall network performance.Through this work,significant insights are offered into the design principles that can enhance UAV communication networks,providing a foundation for the development of more resilient,scalable,and efficient technological solutions.These advancements could accelerate the deployment of UAVs across a variety of sectors,including logistics,agriculture,environmental monitoring,and more.As such,this study not only contributes to the field of ad hoc networking but also holds potential for transformative impacts across industries where UAVs play an increasingly central role,promoting greater integration and operational success.展开更多
China's equipment manufacturing surges 9%in may as industrial output grows 5.8%.China's value-added industrial output of major enterprises,whose annual primary business revenue reaches or exceeds 20 million yu...China's equipment manufacturing surges 9%in may as industrial output grows 5.8%.China's value-added industrial output of major enterprises,whose annual primary business revenue reaches or exceeds 20 million yuan($2.79 million),rose by 5.8 per cent year-on-year and 0.61 per cent compared to April,according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS).Within key sectors,manufacturing output increased by 6.2 per cent,while mining expanded by 5.7 percent.展开更多
Efficient and safe information exchange between vehicles can reduce the probability of road accidents,thereby improving the driving experience of vehicles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs).This paper proposes a gro...Efficient and safe information exchange between vehicles can reduce the probability of road accidents,thereby improving the driving experience of vehicles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs).This paper proposes a group management algorithm with trust and mobility evaluation to address the enormous pressure on VANETs topology caused by high-speed vehicle movement and dynamic changes in the direction of travel.This algorithm utilizes historical interactive data to mine the fusion trust between vehicles.Then,combined with fusion mobility,the selection of center members and information maintenance of group members is achieved.Furthermore,based on bilinear pairing,an encryption protocol is designed to solve the problem of key management and update when the group structure changes rapidly,ensuring the safe forwarding of messages within and between groups.Numerical analysis shows that the algorithm in the paper ensures group stability and improves performance such as average message delivery rate and interaction delay.展开更多
Falls are a leading cause of injury and morbidity among older adults,especially those with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),who face increased risks due to cognitive decline,gait instability,and impaired spatial awareness.Whi...Falls are a leading cause of injury and morbidity among older adults,especially those with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),who face increased risks due to cognitive decline,gait instability,and impaired spatial awareness.While wearable sensor-based fall detection systems offer promising solutions,their effectiveness is often hindered by domain shifts resulting from variations in sensor placement,sampling frequencies,and discrepancies in dataset distributions.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA)framework specifically designed for cross-dataset fall detection in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients,utilizing advanced transfer learning to enhance generalizability.The proposed method incorporates a ResNet-Transformer Network(ResT)as a feature extractor,along with a novel DualAlign Loss formulation that aims to align feature distributions while maintaining class separability.Experiments on the preprocessed KFall and SisFall datasets demonstrate significant improvements in F1-score and recall,crucial metrics for reliable fall detection,outperforming existing UDA methods,including a convolutional neural network(CNN),DeepCORAL,DANN,and CDAN.By addressing domain shifts,the proposed approach enhances the practical viability of fall detection systems for AD patients,providing a scalable solution to minimize injury risks and improve caregiving outcomes in real-world environments.展开更多
With the deepening of international agricultural division of labor,trade methods have shifted from traditional bilateral trade to agricultural global value chain(AGVC)trade.Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are ...With the deepening of international agricultural division of labor,trade methods have shifted from traditional bilateral trade to agricultural global value chain(AGVC)trade.Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are a crucial factor affecting agricultural trade and a key variable in AGVC governance.This paper,based on the 2012-2020 University of International Business and Economics Global Value Chain Index(UIBE GVC Index)and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Non-Tariff Measures Database(UNCTAD NTMs Database),measures the structural heterogeneity and breadth heterogeneity of SPS measures.It also constructs mathematical models and fixed-effects models to explore the impact of SPS heterogeneity on AGVC upgrading.The findings reveal that the heterogeneity of SPS measures exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the upgrading of agricultural global value chains.Moreover,compared to developed countries,a reduction in SPS measures’heterogeneity demonstrates a more pronounced positive impact on AGVC upgrading in developing countries.展开更多
Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated a...Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated aging of the brain,a mutual information—support vector regression(MI-SVR)brain age prediction model is proposed.First,the age deviation is introduced according to the biological hypothesis of AD.Second,fitness function is designed based on mutual information criterion.Third,support vector regression and fitness function are used to obtain the predicted brain age and fitness value of the subjects,respectively.The optimal age deviation is obtained by maximizing the fitness value.Finally,the proposed method is compared with some existing brain age detection methods.Experimental results show that the brain age obtained by the proposed method has better separability,can better reflect the accelerated aging of AD,and is more helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of AD.展开更多
A lantern fair with the theme of"Light up Lhasa--Qinhuai Lantern Festival"is launched at the foot of the Potala Palace in Lhasa on July 1.The lantern festival features 17 sites and 50 lantern groups,covering...A lantern fair with the theme of"Light up Lhasa--Qinhuai Lantern Festival"is launched at the foot of the Potala Palace in Lhasa on July 1.The lantern festival features 17 sites and 50 lantern groups,covering the characteristic elements of Lhasa City and Jiangsu Province.The Qinhuai Lantern Festival originated in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.It has a long history.The Qinhuai Lanterns traveled thousands of miles to Lhasa and were presented for the first time to the people of Lhasa and tourists,adding a touch of Jiangnan tenderness to Lhasa's splendid nightscape.The lantern fair will last to Sep.30.展开更多
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)是一种慢性神经系统退行性疾病,其准确分类有助于实现AD的早期诊断,从而及时采取针对性的治疗和干预措施.本文提出了一种最近邻域聚合图神经网络(Graph neural network with nearest Neighborhood...阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)是一种慢性神经系统退行性疾病,其准确分类有助于实现AD的早期诊断,从而及时采取针对性的治疗和干预措施.本文提出了一种最近邻域聚合图神经网络(Graph neural network with nearest Neighborhood AgGrEgation,GraphNAGE)的AD分类新方法.首先进行图数据建模,将AD数据样本表示为图数据.采用基于互信息(Mutual Information,MI)的特征选择方法,从样本的114维大脑皮层与皮层下感兴趣区域(Cerebral Cortex and Subcortical Regions Of Interest,CCS-ROI)的体积特征中选取重要性高的体积特征,并将其用于节点建模.提出基于相似性度量的关系建模方法,利用重要性高的体积特征、遗传基因、人口统计信息和认知评分对样本之间的关系进行建模.进而构建GraphNAGE,针对每个节点,基于与该节点相关的边的权重进行最近邻域采样,然后使用均值聚合方法对采样得到的邻居节点和中心节点的数据进行聚合,最后通过一个全连接层和一个Softmax层实现AD分类.在TADPOLE(The Alzheimer’s Disease Prediction Of Longitudinal Evolution)数据集上进行实验,结果表明:本文提出的AD分类方法的准确率(ACCuracy,ACC)为98.20%,F_(1)分数为97.34%,曲线下面积(Area Under Curve,AUC)为97.80%.实验结果表明:本文提出的AD分类方法充分利用了AD数据样本之间的相关性,其性能优于传统的基于机器学习、深度学习和图神经网络(Graph Neural Network,GNN)的AD分类方法.展开更多
文摘A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumers. This test requires the estimation of a demand system in a quantity format. It cannot be performed when a demand system is specified in share format. The share specification of any demand system is like a straight jacket: once worn, it forces the error covariance matrix to be singular and the adding up condition to hold whether or not the data generating process warrants it. The empirical verification of the adding up hypothesis uses a five-commodity sample selected from the Canadian Family Expenditure Survey with 4847 observations. Three specifications are considered: AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System), QUAIDS (Quadratic AIDS) and EASI (Exact Affine Stone Index). The hypothesis is rejected in all three cases with a high level of confidence.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12005062(SS).National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11974366(HF).National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.U1632135(HY)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(HF)。
文摘Suppressing the coffee ring effect(CRE)of an aqueous suspension through manipulation without affecting the remaining deposit is highly desirable for practical applications;however,this is extremely challenging.Here,we demonstrate CRE suppression with undetectable disturbance of the deposit on carbon-based surfaces.This was achieved by adding ammonium bicarbonate(NH4HCO_(3)),which benefits from the dissociation of NH_(4)HCO_(3) to produce NH_(4)^(+),as well as its decomposition into NH_(3) and CO_(2) molecules.Surprisingly,NH_(4)^(+) can also function as Na^(+)/K^(+)to suppress the CRE through cation interactions,although its hydrate state is only partially positively charged.Moreover,we successfully applied this approach to enhance the morphology,resistance,and color uniformity of deposits of graphene oxide quantum dots,conductive inks,and organic dyes,respectively.This study provides a practical strategy for improving the performance of fabricated devices and paves the way for the development of high-accuracy manufacturing techniques in diverse industries.
基金funded by Direccion General de Investigaciones of Universidad Santiago de Cali under call No.01-2024.
文摘This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).As UAVs increasingly contribute to diverse fields,from surveillance to delivery,FANETs have emerged as essential in ensuring stable,dynamic communication channels among drones in flight.This research adopts a dual approach,combining rigorous theoretical analysis with detailed practical simulations to assess the performance,adaptability,and efficiency of FANETs in varying conditions.The findings emphasize the ability of FANETs to manage network congestion effectively in densely populated areas,a critical feature for maintaining reliable communications in complex scenarios.Moreover,FANETs demonstrate high potential to support critical applications,such as emergency response,disaster management,and public safety operations,where quick and coordinated action is paramount.The study also underscores the importance of establishing a hierarchical structure among nodes within the network,which allows for more efficient data exchange and helps optimize the overall network performance.Through this work,significant insights are offered into the design principles that can enhance UAV communication networks,providing a foundation for the development of more resilient,scalable,and efficient technological solutions.These advancements could accelerate the deployment of UAVs across a variety of sectors,including logistics,agriculture,environmental monitoring,and more.As such,this study not only contributes to the field of ad hoc networking but also holds potential for transformative impacts across industries where UAVs play an increasingly central role,promoting greater integration and operational success.
文摘China's equipment manufacturing surges 9%in may as industrial output grows 5.8%.China's value-added industrial output of major enterprises,whose annual primary business revenue reaches or exceeds 20 million yuan($2.79 million),rose by 5.8 per cent year-on-year and 0.61 per cent compared to April,according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS).Within key sectors,manufacturing output increased by 6.2 per cent,while mining expanded by 5.7 percent.
文摘Efficient and safe information exchange between vehicles can reduce the probability of road accidents,thereby improving the driving experience of vehicles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs).This paper proposes a group management algorithm with trust and mobility evaluation to address the enormous pressure on VANETs topology caused by high-speed vehicle movement and dynamic changes in the direction of travel.This algorithm utilizes historical interactive data to mine the fusion trust between vehicles.Then,combined with fusion mobility,the selection of center members and information maintenance of group members is achieved.Furthermore,based on bilinear pairing,an encryption protocol is designed to solve the problem of key management and update when the group structure changes rapidly,ensuring the safe forwarding of messages within and between groups.Numerical analysis shows that the algorithm in the paper ensures group stability and improves performance such as average message delivery rate and interaction delay.
基金funded by the King Salman Center for Disability Research through Research Group no.KSRG-2024-430.
文摘Falls are a leading cause of injury and morbidity among older adults,especially those with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),who face increased risks due to cognitive decline,gait instability,and impaired spatial awareness.While wearable sensor-based fall detection systems offer promising solutions,their effectiveness is often hindered by domain shifts resulting from variations in sensor placement,sampling frequencies,and discrepancies in dataset distributions.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA)framework specifically designed for cross-dataset fall detection in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients,utilizing advanced transfer learning to enhance generalizability.The proposed method incorporates a ResNet-Transformer Network(ResT)as a feature extractor,along with a novel DualAlign Loss formulation that aims to align feature distributions while maintaining class separability.Experiments on the preprocessed KFall and SisFall datasets demonstrate significant improvements in F1-score and recall,crucial metrics for reliable fall detection,outperforming existing UDA methods,including a convolutional neural network(CNN),DeepCORAL,DANN,and CDAN.By addressing domain shifts,the proposed approach enhances the practical viability of fall detection systems for AD patients,providing a scalable solution to minimize injury risks and improve caregiving outcomes in real-world environments.
文摘With the deepening of international agricultural division of labor,trade methods have shifted from traditional bilateral trade to agricultural global value chain(AGVC)trade.Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are a crucial factor affecting agricultural trade and a key variable in AGVC governance.This paper,based on the 2012-2020 University of International Business and Economics Global Value Chain Index(UIBE GVC Index)and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Non-Tariff Measures Database(UNCTAD NTMs Database),measures the structural heterogeneity and breadth heterogeneity of SPS measures.It also constructs mathematical models and fixed-effects models to explore the impact of SPS heterogeneity on AGVC upgrading.The findings reveal that the heterogeneity of SPS measures exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the upgrading of agricultural global value chains.Moreover,compared to developed countries,a reduction in SPS measures’heterogeneity demonstrates a more pronounced positive impact on AGVC upgrading in developing countries.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstb2022nscq-msx1575)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Nos.KJQN202201512,KJQN202001523 and KJZD-M202101501)+1 种基金the Chongqing University of Science and Technology Research Funding Projects(Nos.CKRC2022019 and CKRC2019042)the Open Foundation of the Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oil and Gas Production Safety and Risk Control(No.cqsrc202113)。
文摘Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated aging of the brain,a mutual information—support vector regression(MI-SVR)brain age prediction model is proposed.First,the age deviation is introduced according to the biological hypothesis of AD.Second,fitness function is designed based on mutual information criterion.Third,support vector regression and fitness function are used to obtain the predicted brain age and fitness value of the subjects,respectively.The optimal age deviation is obtained by maximizing the fitness value.Finally,the proposed method is compared with some existing brain age detection methods.Experimental results show that the brain age obtained by the proposed method has better separability,can better reflect the accelerated aging of AD,and is more helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of AD.
文摘A lantern fair with the theme of"Light up Lhasa--Qinhuai Lantern Festival"is launched at the foot of the Potala Palace in Lhasa on July 1.The lantern festival features 17 sites and 50 lantern groups,covering the characteristic elements of Lhasa City and Jiangsu Province.The Qinhuai Lantern Festival originated in Nanjing,Jiangsu Province.It has a long history.The Qinhuai Lanterns traveled thousands of miles to Lhasa and were presented for the first time to the people of Lhasa and tourists,adding a touch of Jiangnan tenderness to Lhasa's splendid nightscape.The lantern fair will last to Sep.30.
文摘阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s Disease,AD)是一种慢性神经系统退行性疾病,其准确分类有助于实现AD的早期诊断,从而及时采取针对性的治疗和干预措施.本文提出了一种最近邻域聚合图神经网络(Graph neural network with nearest Neighborhood AgGrEgation,GraphNAGE)的AD分类新方法.首先进行图数据建模,将AD数据样本表示为图数据.采用基于互信息(Mutual Information,MI)的特征选择方法,从样本的114维大脑皮层与皮层下感兴趣区域(Cerebral Cortex and Subcortical Regions Of Interest,CCS-ROI)的体积特征中选取重要性高的体积特征,并将其用于节点建模.提出基于相似性度量的关系建模方法,利用重要性高的体积特征、遗传基因、人口统计信息和认知评分对样本之间的关系进行建模.进而构建GraphNAGE,针对每个节点,基于与该节点相关的边的权重进行最近邻域采样,然后使用均值聚合方法对采样得到的邻居节点和中心节点的数据进行聚合,最后通过一个全连接层和一个Softmax层实现AD分类.在TADPOLE(The Alzheimer’s Disease Prediction Of Longitudinal Evolution)数据集上进行实验,结果表明:本文提出的AD分类方法的准确率(ACCuracy,ACC)为98.20%,F_(1)分数为97.34%,曲线下面积(Area Under Curve,AUC)为97.80%.实验结果表明:本文提出的AD分类方法充分利用了AD数据样本之间的相关性,其性能优于传统的基于机器学习、深度学习和图神经网络(Graph Neural Network,GNN)的AD分类方法.
