A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumer...A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumers. This test requires the estimation of a demand system in a quantity format. It cannot be performed when a demand system is specified in share format. The share specification of any demand system is like a straight jacket: once worn, it forces the error covariance matrix to be singular and the adding up condition to hold whether or not the data generating process warrants it. The empirical verification of the adding up hypothesis uses a five-commodity sample selected from the Canadian Family Expenditure Survey with 4847 observations. Three specifications are considered: AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System), QUAIDS (Quadratic AIDS) and EASI (Exact Affine Stone Index). The hypothesis is rejected in all three cases with a high level of confidence.展开更多
Suppressing the coffee ring effect(CRE)of an aqueous suspension through manipulation without affecting the remaining deposit is highly desirable for practical applications;however,this is extremely challenging.Here,we...Suppressing the coffee ring effect(CRE)of an aqueous suspension through manipulation without affecting the remaining deposit is highly desirable for practical applications;however,this is extremely challenging.Here,we demonstrate CRE suppression with undetectable disturbance of the deposit on carbon-based surfaces.This was achieved by adding ammonium bicarbonate(NH4HCO_(3)),which benefits from the dissociation of NH_(4)HCO_(3) to produce NH_(4)^(+),as well as its decomposition into NH_(3) and CO_(2) molecules.Surprisingly,NH_(4)^(+) can also function as Na^(+)/K^(+)to suppress the CRE through cation interactions,although its hydrate state is only partially positively charged.Moreover,we successfully applied this approach to enhance the morphology,resistance,and color uniformity of deposits of graphene oxide quantum dots,conductive inks,and organic dyes,respectively.This study provides a practical strategy for improving the performance of fabricated devices and paves the way for the development of high-accuracy manufacturing techniques in diverse industries.展开更多
This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicl...This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).As UAVs increasingly contribute to diverse fields,from surveillance to delivery,FANETs have emerged as essential in ensuring stable,dynamic communication channels among drones in flight.This research adopts a dual approach,combining rigorous theoretical analysis with detailed practical simulations to assess the performance,adaptability,and efficiency of FANETs in varying conditions.The findings emphasize the ability of FANETs to manage network congestion effectively in densely populated areas,a critical feature for maintaining reliable communications in complex scenarios.Moreover,FANETs demonstrate high potential to support critical applications,such as emergency response,disaster management,and public safety operations,where quick and coordinated action is paramount.The study also underscores the importance of establishing a hierarchical structure among nodes within the network,which allows for more efficient data exchange and helps optimize the overall network performance.Through this work,significant insights are offered into the design principles that can enhance UAV communication networks,providing a foundation for the development of more resilient,scalable,and efficient technological solutions.These advancements could accelerate the deployment of UAVs across a variety of sectors,including logistics,agriculture,environmental monitoring,and more.As such,this study not only contributes to the field of ad hoc networking but also holds potential for transformative impacts across industries where UAVs play an increasingly central role,promoting greater integration and operational success.展开更多
China's equipment manufacturing surges 9%in may as industrial output grows 5.8%.China's value-added industrial output of major enterprises,whose annual primary business revenue reaches or exceeds 20 million yu...China's equipment manufacturing surges 9%in may as industrial output grows 5.8%.China's value-added industrial output of major enterprises,whose annual primary business revenue reaches or exceeds 20 million yuan($2.79 million),rose by 5.8 per cent year-on-year and 0.61 per cent compared to April,according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS).Within key sectors,manufacturing output increased by 6.2 per cent,while mining expanded by 5.7 percent.展开更多
Efficient and safe information exchange between vehicles can reduce the probability of road accidents,thereby improving the driving experience of vehicles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs).This paper proposes a gro...Efficient and safe information exchange between vehicles can reduce the probability of road accidents,thereby improving the driving experience of vehicles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs).This paper proposes a group management algorithm with trust and mobility evaluation to address the enormous pressure on VANETs topology caused by high-speed vehicle movement and dynamic changes in the direction of travel.This algorithm utilizes historical interactive data to mine the fusion trust between vehicles.Then,combined with fusion mobility,the selection of center members and information maintenance of group members is achieved.Furthermore,based on bilinear pairing,an encryption protocol is designed to solve the problem of key management and update when the group structure changes rapidly,ensuring the safe forwarding of messages within and between groups.Numerical analysis shows that the algorithm in the paper ensures group stability and improves performance such as average message delivery rate and interaction delay.展开更多
Falls are a leading cause of injury and morbidity among older adults,especially those with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),who face increased risks due to cognitive decline,gait instability,and impaired spatial awareness.Whi...Falls are a leading cause of injury and morbidity among older adults,especially those with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),who face increased risks due to cognitive decline,gait instability,and impaired spatial awareness.While wearable sensor-based fall detection systems offer promising solutions,their effectiveness is often hindered by domain shifts resulting from variations in sensor placement,sampling frequencies,and discrepancies in dataset distributions.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA)framework specifically designed for cross-dataset fall detection in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients,utilizing advanced transfer learning to enhance generalizability.The proposed method incorporates a ResNet-Transformer Network(ResT)as a feature extractor,along with a novel DualAlign Loss formulation that aims to align feature distributions while maintaining class separability.Experiments on the preprocessed KFall and SisFall datasets demonstrate significant improvements in F1-score and recall,crucial metrics for reliable fall detection,outperforming existing UDA methods,including a convolutional neural network(CNN),DeepCORAL,DANN,and CDAN.By addressing domain shifts,the proposed approach enhances the practical viability of fall detection systems for AD patients,providing a scalable solution to minimize injury risks and improve caregiving outcomes in real-world environments.展开更多
Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease(AD),and currently,no disease-modifying therapies are available[1].A key pathological hallmark of PD is t...Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease(AD),and currently,no disease-modifying therapies are available[1].A key pathological hallmark of PD is the presence of Lewy bodies,which are primarily composed of aggregatedα-synuclein(α-syn)[2].The misfolding,self-aggregation,and inter-neuronal propagation of pathologicalα-syn,likely via a prion-like mechanism,are thought to drive the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and contribute to disease progression[3].However,the molecular mechanisms governing the neuronal uptake and inter-neuronal transmission ofα-syn remain inadequately understood.展开更多
With the deepening of international agricultural division of labor,trade methods have shifted from traditional bilateral trade to agricultural global value chain(AGVC)trade.Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are ...With the deepening of international agricultural division of labor,trade methods have shifted from traditional bilateral trade to agricultural global value chain(AGVC)trade.Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are a crucial factor affecting agricultural trade and a key variable in AGVC governance.This paper,based on the 2012-2020 University of International Business and Economics Global Value Chain Index(UIBE GVC Index)and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Non-Tariff Measures Database(UNCTAD NTMs Database),measures the structural heterogeneity and breadth heterogeneity of SPS measures.It also constructs mathematical models and fixed-effects models to explore the impact of SPS heterogeneity on AGVC upgrading.The findings reveal that the heterogeneity of SPS measures exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the upgrading of agricultural global value chains.Moreover,compared to developed countries,a reduction in SPS measures’heterogeneity demonstrates a more pronounced positive impact on AGVC upgrading in developing countries.展开更多
Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated a...Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated aging of the brain,a mutual information—support vector regression(MI-SVR)brain age prediction model is proposed.First,the age deviation is introduced according to the biological hypothesis of AD.Second,fitness function is designed based on mutual information criterion.Third,support vector regression and fitness function are used to obtain the predicted brain age and fitness value of the subjects,respectively.The optimal age deviation is obtained by maximizing the fitness value.Finally,the proposed method is compared with some existing brain age detection methods.Experimental results show that the brain age obtained by the proposed method has better separability,can better reflect the accelerated aging of AD,and is more helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of AD.展开更多
Objective To observe effects of acupuncture prestimulus on heat shock protein HSP 70,HSP 90 and apoptotic rate of hippocampal neuron in model rats with Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） in order to investigate the functional...Objective To observe effects of acupuncture prestimulus on heat shock protein HSP 70,HSP 90 and apoptotic rate of hippocampal neuron in model rats with Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） in order to investigate the functional mechanism in preventing and treating AD by acupuncture.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control,sham operation,model and acupuncture prestimulus groups,with 10 rats in each group.In the pre-acupuncture group,electroacupuncture and moxibus on were given at ＂Bǎihuì＂（百会 GV 20） and ＂Shènshū＂（肾俞 BL 23） on both sides for three weeks,then Aβ1-42 was injected into hippocampus on both sides to prepare the model rats with AD. After AD＇s model was established,EA and moxibustion were given again for one week. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out to determine the mean op cal density expression of HSP 70 and HSP 90 in CA 1 area of hippocampus in the rats,and flow cytometry was used to determine the apopto c rates of hippocampal neuron cells. Results A er acupuncture pres mulus for 4 weeks,the mean op cal density expression of HSP 70 and HSP 90 in CA 1 area of hippocampus in the rats significantly increased in comparison to that in the model group（P0.01）,and the apopto c rate of the cells significantly decreased in comparison to that in the model group（P0.01）. Conclusion Acupuncture pres mulus can inhibit cell apoptosis by inducing the expression of HSP 70 and HSP 90 in brain,and thus protect neurons.展开更多
In order to rapidly respond to the complex and mutational market, a new facility layout plan based on cellular manufacturing is proposed, which gives consideration to high efficiency and flexibility. The plan designs ...In order to rapidly respond to the complex and mutational market, a new facility layout plan based on cellular manufacturing is proposed, which gives consideration to high efficiency and flexibility. The plan designs two phases of integrated cell layout, i.e., cell construction and cell system layout, on the condition of adding/removing machines. First, in view of the costs of logics and machine-relocation, the cell construction based on the alternative processing routes and intra-cell layout are integrated as a whole, which achieves cell formation, process planning and the intra-cell layout in a single step. Secondly, an approach of a continuous optimized multi-line layout for solving the cell system layout problem is proposed, which eliminates the coupling relationship from the machine-relocation and realizes an integrated design of the two phases of the cell layout. An application based on real factory data is optimally solved by the Matlab 7.0 software to validate and verify the models.展开更多
Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Henek...Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Heneka,2024).This perspective article,which draws on insights from diverse fields including neuroscience,immunology,and pathology,p rovides a critical analysis of ongoing research efforts in inflammasome biology,with specific emphasis on Nod-like receptor(NLR)and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3).展开更多
文摘A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumers. This test requires the estimation of a demand system in a quantity format. It cannot be performed when a demand system is specified in share format. The share specification of any demand system is like a straight jacket: once worn, it forces the error covariance matrix to be singular and the adding up condition to hold whether or not the data generating process warrants it. The empirical verification of the adding up hypothesis uses a five-commodity sample selected from the Canadian Family Expenditure Survey with 4847 observations. Three specifications are considered: AIDS (Almost Ideal Demand System), QUAIDS (Quadratic AIDS) and EASI (Exact Affine Stone Index). The hypothesis is rejected in all three cases with a high level of confidence.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.12005062(SS).National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.11974366(HF).National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.U1632135(HY)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China(HF)。
文摘Suppressing the coffee ring effect(CRE)of an aqueous suspension through manipulation without affecting the remaining deposit is highly desirable for practical applications;however,this is extremely challenging.Here,we demonstrate CRE suppression with undetectable disturbance of the deposit on carbon-based surfaces.This was achieved by adding ammonium bicarbonate(NH4HCO_(3)),which benefits from the dissociation of NH_(4)HCO_(3) to produce NH_(4)^(+),as well as its decomposition into NH_(3) and CO_(2) molecules.Surprisingly,NH_(4)^(+) can also function as Na^(+)/K^(+)to suppress the CRE through cation interactions,although its hydrate state is only partially positively charged.Moreover,we successfully applied this approach to enhance the morphology,resistance,and color uniformity of deposits of graphene oxide quantum dots,conductive inks,and organic dyes,respectively.This study provides a practical strategy for improving the performance of fabricated devices and paves the way for the development of high-accuracy manufacturing techniques in diverse industries.
基金funded by Direccion General de Investigaciones of Universidad Santiago de Cali under call No.01-2024.
文摘This study investigates the design and implementation of Flying Ad Hoc Networks(FANETs),a network architec-ture inspired by the Mobile Ad Hoc Network(MANET)model,specifically tailored to support unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs).As UAVs increasingly contribute to diverse fields,from surveillance to delivery,FANETs have emerged as essential in ensuring stable,dynamic communication channels among drones in flight.This research adopts a dual approach,combining rigorous theoretical analysis with detailed practical simulations to assess the performance,adaptability,and efficiency of FANETs in varying conditions.The findings emphasize the ability of FANETs to manage network congestion effectively in densely populated areas,a critical feature for maintaining reliable communications in complex scenarios.Moreover,FANETs demonstrate high potential to support critical applications,such as emergency response,disaster management,and public safety operations,where quick and coordinated action is paramount.The study also underscores the importance of establishing a hierarchical structure among nodes within the network,which allows for more efficient data exchange and helps optimize the overall network performance.Through this work,significant insights are offered into the design principles that can enhance UAV communication networks,providing a foundation for the development of more resilient,scalable,and efficient technological solutions.These advancements could accelerate the deployment of UAVs across a variety of sectors,including logistics,agriculture,environmental monitoring,and more.As such,this study not only contributes to the field of ad hoc networking but also holds potential for transformative impacts across industries where UAVs play an increasingly central role,promoting greater integration and operational success.
文摘China's equipment manufacturing surges 9%in may as industrial output grows 5.8%.China's value-added industrial output of major enterprises,whose annual primary business revenue reaches or exceeds 20 million yuan($2.79 million),rose by 5.8 per cent year-on-year and 0.61 per cent compared to April,according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS).Within key sectors,manufacturing output increased by 6.2 per cent,while mining expanded by 5.7 percent.
文摘Efficient and safe information exchange between vehicles can reduce the probability of road accidents,thereby improving the driving experience of vehicles in Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks(VANETs).This paper proposes a group management algorithm with trust and mobility evaluation to address the enormous pressure on VANETs topology caused by high-speed vehicle movement and dynamic changes in the direction of travel.This algorithm utilizes historical interactive data to mine the fusion trust between vehicles.Then,combined with fusion mobility,the selection of center members and information maintenance of group members is achieved.Furthermore,based on bilinear pairing,an encryption protocol is designed to solve the problem of key management and update when the group structure changes rapidly,ensuring the safe forwarding of messages within and between groups.Numerical analysis shows that the algorithm in the paper ensures group stability and improves performance such as average message delivery rate and interaction delay.
基金funded by the King Salman Center for Disability Research through Research Group no.KSRG-2024-430.
文摘Falls are a leading cause of injury and morbidity among older adults,especially those with Alzheimer’s disease(AD),who face increased risks due to cognitive decline,gait instability,and impaired spatial awareness.While wearable sensor-based fall detection systems offer promising solutions,their effectiveness is often hindered by domain shifts resulting from variations in sensor placement,sampling frequencies,and discrepancies in dataset distributions.To address these challenges,this paper proposes a novel unsupervised domain adaptation(UDA)framework specifically designed for cross-dataset fall detection in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)patients,utilizing advanced transfer learning to enhance generalizability.The proposed method incorporates a ResNet-Transformer Network(ResT)as a feature extractor,along with a novel DualAlign Loss formulation that aims to align feature distributions while maintaining class separability.Experiments on the preprocessed KFall and SisFall datasets demonstrate significant improvements in F1-score and recall,crucial metrics for reliable fall detection,outperforming existing UDA methods,including a convolutional neural network(CNN),DeepCORAL,DANN,and CDAN.By addressing domain shifts,the proposed approach enhances the practical viability of fall detection systems for AD patients,providing a scalable solution to minimize injury risks and improve caregiving outcomes in real-world environments.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province,China(2023-MSLH-029).
文摘Parkinson's disease(PD)is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease(AD),and currently,no disease-modifying therapies are available[1].A key pathological hallmark of PD is the presence of Lewy bodies,which are primarily composed of aggregatedα-synuclein(α-syn)[2].The misfolding,self-aggregation,and inter-neuronal propagation of pathologicalα-syn,likely via a prion-like mechanism,are thought to drive the progressive degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and contribute to disease progression[3].However,the molecular mechanisms governing the neuronal uptake and inter-neuronal transmission ofα-syn remain inadequately understood.
文摘With the deepening of international agricultural division of labor,trade methods have shifted from traditional bilateral trade to agricultural global value chain(AGVC)trade.Sanitary and Phytosanitary(SPS)measures are a crucial factor affecting agricultural trade and a key variable in AGVC governance.This paper,based on the 2012-2020 University of International Business and Economics Global Value Chain Index(UIBE GVC Index)and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Non-Tariff Measures Database(UNCTAD NTMs Database),measures the structural heterogeneity and breadth heterogeneity of SPS measures.It also constructs mathematical models and fixed-effects models to explore the impact of SPS heterogeneity on AGVC upgrading.The findings reveal that the heterogeneity of SPS measures exerts a significant inhibitory effect on the upgrading of agricultural global value chains.Moreover,compared to developed countries,a reduction in SPS measures’heterogeneity demonstrates a more pronounced positive impact on AGVC upgrading in developing countries.
基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(No.cstb2022nscq-msx1575)the Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(Nos.KJQN202201512,KJQN202001523 and KJZD-M202101501)+1 种基金the Chongqing University of Science and Technology Research Funding Projects(Nos.CKRC2022019 and CKRC2019042)the Open Foundation of the Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oil and Gas Production Safety and Risk Control(No.cqsrc202113)。
文摘Brain age is an effective biomarker for diagnosing Alzheimer’s disease(AD).Aimed at the issue that the existing brain age detection methods are inconsistent with the biological hypothesis that AD is the accelerated aging of the brain,a mutual information—support vector regression(MI-SVR)brain age prediction model is proposed.First,the age deviation is introduced according to the biological hypothesis of AD.Second,fitness function is designed based on mutual information criterion.Third,support vector regression and fitness function are used to obtain the predicted brain age and fitness value of the subjects,respectively.The optimal age deviation is obtained by maximizing the fitness value.Finally,the proposed method is compared with some existing brain age detection methods.Experimental results show that the brain age obtained by the proposed method has better separability,can better reflect the accelerated aging of AD,and is more helpful for improving the diagnostic accuracy of AD.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Founda on of China:81173323,30901925Natural Science Founda on of Hubei Province:2007 ABA 084
文摘Objective To observe effects of acupuncture prestimulus on heat shock protein HSP 70,HSP 90 and apoptotic rate of hippocampal neuron in model rats with Alzheimer＇s disease（AD） in order to investigate the functional mechanism in preventing and treating AD by acupuncture.Methods SD rats were randomly divided into control,sham operation,model and acupuncture prestimulus groups,with 10 rats in each group.In the pre-acupuncture group,electroacupuncture and moxibus on were given at ＂Bǎihuì＂（百会 GV 20） and ＂Shènshū＂（肾俞 BL 23） on both sides for three weeks,then Aβ1-42 was injected into hippocampus on both sides to prepare the model rats with AD. After AD＇s model was established,EA and moxibustion were given again for one week. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out to determine the mean op cal density expression of HSP 70 and HSP 90 in CA 1 area of hippocampus in the rats,and flow cytometry was used to determine the apopto c rates of hippocampal neuron cells. Results A er acupuncture pres mulus for 4 weeks,the mean op cal density expression of HSP 70 and HSP 90 in CA 1 area of hippocampus in the rats significantly increased in comparison to that in the model group（P0.01）,and the apopto c rate of the cells significantly decreased in comparison to that in the model group（P0.01）. Conclusion Acupuncture pres mulus can inhibit cell apoptosis by inducing the expression of HSP 70 and HSP 90 in brain,and thus protect neurons.
基金国家自然科学基金项目(81603537,81473668)四川省科技厅国际合作与交流项目(2017HH0004)+3 种基金国家留学基金委项目(201908510279)四川省教育厅重点项目(17ZA0163)成都中医药大学青年学者人才项目(QNXZ2019043)the 2019 Internationalization Incentive Fund of University of Otago(IIFUO2019)。
文摘In order to rapidly respond to the complex and mutational market, a new facility layout plan based on cellular manufacturing is proposed, which gives consideration to high efficiency and flexibility. The plan designs two phases of integrated cell layout, i.e., cell construction and cell system layout, on the condition of adding/removing machines. First, in view of the costs of logics and machine-relocation, the cell construction based on the alternative processing routes and intra-cell layout are integrated as a whole, which achieves cell formation, process planning and the intra-cell layout in a single step. Secondly, an approach of a continuous optimized multi-line layout for solving the cell system layout problem is proposed, which eliminates the coupling relationship from the machine-relocation and realizes an integrated design of the two phases of the cell layout. An application based on real factory data is optimally solved by the Matlab 7.0 software to validate and verify the models.
基金supported by Texas Alzheimer’s Research and Care Consortium-TARCC 2022-26,The National Football League Players Association-NFLPA,NIH/NIA Grant 1R01 AG072491 to TB and FDP.
文摘Neuroinflammation is a crucial factor in the progression of various diseases,ranging from immune-related conditions such as sepsis to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease(AD)(Ravichandran and Heneka,2024).This perspective article,which draws on insights from diverse fields including neuroscience,immunology,and pathology,p rovides a critical analysis of ongoing research efforts in inflammasome biology,with specific emphasis on Nod-like receptor(NLR)and pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3).
