The anti-racism protests triggered by the death of black man George Floyd were not merely an extension of the Blacks Lives Matters movement that began under the Obama administration,but also a new manifestation of Ame...The anti-racism protests triggered by the death of black man George Floyd were not merely an extension of the Blacks Lives Matters movement that began under the Obama administration,but also a new manifestation of American race conflict,which is often caused by conflict between the police and civilians.This movement has turned out to be thelargest and longest anti-racism demonstration in America since the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s.The increasingly intense race conflicts,the impact of the Coronavirus(COVID-19)pandemic on the US economy and society,and the heated political struggles of the 2020 election process have contributed to these mass movements.The demonstrations and the pandemic have led to a low approval rating of President Trump,and elevated race relations as an important issue in the election.The result of the 2020 election will affect the evolution of American race relations,but will not change the long-standing fact of American race conflict.展开更多
The paper examines the development of ＂Negro poetry＂ from the Negritude movement through the analysis of Sartre as featured in Black Orpheus （1976）. Following the analysis of Sartre, the author looks at the Black/...The paper examines the development of ＂Negro poetry＂ from the Negritude movement through the analysis of Sartre as featured in Black Orpheus （1976）. Following the analysis of Sartre, the author looks at the Black/White binary and its cultural and political context, which is based on the dominance of Europeans over Blacks. Then the author examines how Blacks have attempted to subvert this binary through alternative political stands, such as the practice of anti-racism, and innovative cultural art and literary forms, such as the Negritude movement. Like Sartre, the author focuses on ＂Negro poetry＂ and examines its limits and the challenges it put forth against the White supremacist elements in White dominant culture. The author concludes that while ＂Negro poetry＂ reflects a step forward in the anti-racist development of Black political and cultural identities, it is a limiting method of approach that does not subvert enough White dominant culture. This position enables the author to argue that, for example, the essentialist, racist, and gender--and sex--biases within the representations and images of the ＂feminine＂ and Black women are not sufficiently critically re-represented in ＂Negro poetry＂ of the Negritude movement. The method of this approach is （1） to look at Sartre＇s writing in Black Orpheus, （2） to include the secondary literature of this text within my analysis, （3） to examine sections of ＂Negro poetry＂ as featured in Black Orpheus, and （4） to critically access the racial, sex, and gender dimensions of ＂Negro poetry＂ as they relate to the achievements of the men or artists of the Negritude movement.展开更多
Meridian is one of Alice Walker's early work. It tells a story that happened in the American south during the 1960 s and early 70s'. It describes the life of the main character, Meridian Hill, a black woman fr...Meridian is one of Alice Walker's early work. It tells a story that happened in the American south during the 1960 s and early 70s'. It describes the life of the main character, Meridian Hill, a black woman from a southern town, who got out of the oppression of white society, and ends up in participate in Civil Rights Movement. The paper firstly illustrates the soul of womanism—anti-sexism, anti-racism, sisiterhood as well as the maternity love, then analyzes how these theories permeated into the novel—Meridian. The paper paid attention to the function of this novel on the improvement of Alice Walker's womanism.In proving that womanism not only permeates into Meridian, but also improved womanism from many perspectives, it comes to the conclusion that Meridian is a novel to improve Alice Walker's womanism, it serves as the good novel to highlight the African Culture, and made a great contribution for the encouragement of black women to seek for freedom in the society.展开更多
文摘The anti-racism protests triggered by the death of black man George Floyd were not merely an extension of the Blacks Lives Matters movement that began under the Obama administration,but also a new manifestation of American race conflict,which is often caused by conflict between the police and civilians.This movement has turned out to be thelargest and longest anti-racism demonstration in America since the Civil Rights Movement in the 1960s.The increasingly intense race conflicts,the impact of the Coronavirus(COVID-19)pandemic on the US economy and society,and the heated political struggles of the 2020 election process have contributed to these mass movements.The demonstrations and the pandemic have led to a low approval rating of President Trump,and elevated race relations as an important issue in the election.The result of the 2020 election will affect the evolution of American race relations,but will not change the long-standing fact of American race conflict.
文摘The paper examines the development of ＂Negro poetry＂ from the Negritude movement through the analysis of Sartre as featured in Black Orpheus （1976）. Following the analysis of Sartre, the author looks at the Black/White binary and its cultural and political context, which is based on the dominance of Europeans over Blacks. Then the author examines how Blacks have attempted to subvert this binary through alternative political stands, such as the practice of anti-racism, and innovative cultural art and literary forms, such as the Negritude movement. Like Sartre, the author focuses on ＂Negro poetry＂ and examines its limits and the challenges it put forth against the White supremacist elements in White dominant culture. The author concludes that while ＂Negro poetry＂ reflects a step forward in the anti-racist development of Black political and cultural identities, it is a limiting method of approach that does not subvert enough White dominant culture. This position enables the author to argue that, for example, the essentialist, racist, and gender--and sex--biases within the representations and images of the ＂feminine＂ and Black women are not sufficiently critically re-represented in ＂Negro poetry＂ of the Negritude movement. The method of this approach is （1） to look at Sartre＇s writing in Black Orpheus, （2） to include the secondary literature of this text within my analysis, （3） to examine sections of ＂Negro poetry＂ as featured in Black Orpheus, and （4） to critically access the racial, sex, and gender dimensions of ＂Negro poetry＂ as they relate to the achievements of the men or artists of the Negritude movement.
文摘Meridian is one of Alice Walker's early work. It tells a story that happened in the American south during the 1960 s and early 70s'. It describes the life of the main character, Meridian Hill, a black woman from a southern town, who got out of the oppression of white society, and ends up in participate in Civil Rights Movement. The paper firstly illustrates the soul of womanism—anti-sexism, anti-racism, sisiterhood as well as the maternity love, then analyzes how these theories permeated into the novel—Meridian. The paper paid attention to the function of this novel on the improvement of Alice Walker's womanism.In proving that womanism not only permeates into Meridian, but also improved womanism from many perspectives, it comes to the conclusion that Meridian is a novel to improve Alice Walker's womanism, it serves as the good novel to highlight the African Culture, and made a great contribution for the encouragement of black women to seek for freedom in the society.
