Tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF)is a common pathological feature of end-stage kidney disease.Previous studies showed that upregulation of TGFβ1 notably contributed to the chronic renal injury and irbesartan halted th...Tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF)is a common pathological feature of end-stage kidney disease.Previous studies showed that upregulation of TGFβ1 notably contributed to the chronic renal injury and irbesartan halted the development of TIF in rats with 5/6 renal mass reduction.This study was to investigate the effects of irbesartan on chronic TIF and the mechanism involved TGFβ1 in the rodent model of chronic renal failure involving 5/6 nephrectomy.The results showed that irbesartan significantly attenuated th...展开更多
The growing developments in 5G and 6G wireless communications have revolutionized communications technologies,providing faster speeds with reduced latency and improved connectivity to users.However,it raises significa...The growing developments in 5G and 6G wireless communications have revolutionized communications technologies,providing faster speeds with reduced latency and improved connectivity to users.However,it raises significant security challenges,including impersonation threats,data manipulation,distributed denial of service(DDoS)attacks,and privacy breaches.Traditional security measures are inadequate due to the decentralized and dynamic nature of next-generation networks.This survey provides a comprehensive review of how Federated Learning(FL),Blockchain,and Digital Twin(DT)technologies can collectively enhance the security of 5G and 6G systems.Blockchain offers decentralized,immutable,and transparent mechanisms for securing network transactions,while FL enables privacy-preserving collaborative learning without sharing raw data.Digital Twins create virtual replicas of network components,enabling real-time monitoring,anomaly detection,and predictive threat analysis.The survey examines major security issues in emerging wireless architectures and analyzes recent advancements that integrate FL,Blockchain,and DT to mitigate these threats.Additionally,it presents practical use cases,synthesizes key lessons learned,and identifies ongoing research challenges.Finally,the survey outlines future research directions to support the development of scalable,intelligent,and robust security frameworks for next-generation wireless networks.展开更多
Star-shaped six-arm polymers with hexaaza[2_(6)]orthoparacyclophane core and arms of block copolymers of poly-2-ethyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine with poly-2-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine were synthesized successfully using cat...Star-shaped six-arm polymers with hexaaza[2_(6)]orthoparacyclophane core and arms of block copolymers of poly-2-ethyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine with poly-2-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine were synthesized successfully using cationic ring-opening polymerization.The ratio of blocks,the order of their attachment to the core,and arm length were varied.Conformation of synthesized stars was determined by methods of molecular hydrodynamics and optics.It has been shown that star-shaped molecules were characterized by high intramolecular density,and the arm folding increased with their lengthening.The influence of the structure of block copolymers and their molar mass on the critical micelle concentration has been established.Complexes of synthesized star-shaped block copolymers with curcumin were obtained and the efficient binding of curcumin to polymer molecules was demonstrated.The behavior of the aqueous solutions of the prepared polymer stars and their complexes with curcumin was investigated by light scattering and turbidimetry methods.The influence of the structure and molar mass of star polymers on their thermoresponsiveness and the phase separation temperatures in aqueous solutions was analyzed.A slight increase in the phase separation temperature was found on passage from polymer solutions to solutions of polymer complexes with hydrophobic curcumin.展开更多
基金supported by a grant from Natural Sciences Foundation of Hubei Province,China(No.2008CDB178)
文摘Tubulointerstitial fibrosis(TIF)is a common pathological feature of end-stage kidney disease.Previous studies showed that upregulation of TGFβ1 notably contributed to the chronic renal injury and irbesartan halted the development of TIF in rats with 5/6 renal mass reduction.This study was to investigate the effects of irbesartan on chronic TIF and the mechanism involved TGFβ1 in the rodent model of chronic renal failure involving 5/6 nephrectomy.The results showed that irbesartan significantly attenuated th...
基金derived from a research grant“Cybersecurity Research and Innovation Pioneers Grants Initiative”funded by The National Program for RDI in Cybersecurity(National Cybersecurity Authority)-Kingdom of Saudi Arabia-with grant number(CRPG-25-3168)supported by EIAS Data Science and Blockchain Lab,CCIS,Prince Sultan University.
文摘The growing developments in 5G and 6G wireless communications have revolutionized communications technologies,providing faster speeds with reduced latency and improved connectivity to users.However,it raises significant security challenges,including impersonation threats,data manipulation,distributed denial of service(DDoS)attacks,and privacy breaches.Traditional security measures are inadequate due to the decentralized and dynamic nature of next-generation networks.This survey provides a comprehensive review of how Federated Learning(FL),Blockchain,and Digital Twin(DT)technologies can collectively enhance the security of 5G and 6G systems.Blockchain offers decentralized,immutable,and transparent mechanisms for securing network transactions,while FL enables privacy-preserving collaborative learning without sharing raw data.Digital Twins create virtual replicas of network components,enabling real-time monitoring,anomaly detection,and predictive threat analysis.The survey examines major security issues in emerging wireless architectures and analyzes recent advancements that integrate FL,Blockchain,and DT to mitigate these threats.Additionally,it presents practical use cases,synthesizes key lessons learned,and identifies ongoing research challenges.Finally,the survey outlines future research directions to support the development of scalable,intelligent,and robust security frameworks for next-generation wireless networks.
基金financially supported by the Russian Science Foundation(No.23-13-00205)。
文摘Star-shaped six-arm polymers with hexaaza[2_(6)]orthoparacyclophane core and arms of block copolymers of poly-2-ethyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine with poly-2-isopropyl-5,6-dihydrooxazine were synthesized successfully using cationic ring-opening polymerization.The ratio of blocks,the order of their attachment to the core,and arm length were varied.Conformation of synthesized stars was determined by methods of molecular hydrodynamics and optics.It has been shown that star-shaped molecules were characterized by high intramolecular density,and the arm folding increased with their lengthening.The influence of the structure of block copolymers and their molar mass on the critical micelle concentration has been established.Complexes of synthesized star-shaped block copolymers with curcumin were obtained and the efficient binding of curcumin to polymer molecules was demonstrated.The behavior of the aqueous solutions of the prepared polymer stars and their complexes with curcumin was investigated by light scattering and turbidimetry methods.The influence of the structure and molar mass of star polymers on their thermoresponsiveness and the phase separation temperatures in aqueous solutions was analyzed.A slight increase in the phase separation temperature was found on passage from polymer solutions to solutions of polymer complexes with hydrophobic curcumin.
